Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna and an electronic device, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The antenna of the present disclosure comprises a first dielectric substrate, a subarray and a first feeding structure; the subarray comprises a first radiation part, a phase shifter, a second feeding structure and a reference electrode layer; a transmission assembly comprises a first transmission structure and a second transmission structure; the first radiation part and the second feeding structure are arranged on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the transmission assembly; the reference electrode layer is arranged on the first dielectric substrate; the first feeding structure has a first feeding port and a second feeding port; the second feeding structure has a third feeding port and a fourth feeding port; the reference electrode has a first opening and a second opening; the fourth feeding port is connected to the first radiation part; the orthogonal projection of any two of the first opening, the first transmission structure and the second feeding port on the first dielectric substrate overlaps; the orthogonal projection of any two of the second opening, the second transmission structure and the third feeding port on the first dielectric substrate overlaps.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to an antenna and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of mobile communication technology, signal coverage has become a hot spot for many equipment manufacturers and operators. In order to achieve better coverage, operators need an antenna with a changeable beam tilt angle. In order to achieve the coverage of the beam to the cell, the beam of the base station antenna is usually tilted at a certain angle. The implementation form of the beam tilt is roughly divided into two ways: mechanical tilt and electrically adjustable tilt. For mechanical tilt, the antenna is tilted at an angle when it is built, so that the antenna plane forms a certain physical angle with the ground, thereby realizing that the beam direction has a tilt angle. The electrically adjustable tilt is to give different phases to different units of the antenna by using the principle of antenna array synthesis, so that there is a phase difference between the antenna units, and the antenna pattern has a tilt angle in the vertical direction. In order to avoid installation and maintenance, the electrically adjustable tilt is widely used. If the angle of the antenna beam tilt is changed, a phase shifter needs to be used. The traditional phase shifter is mostly a mechanical phase shifter. However, the mechanical phase shifter is mostly heavy and has a high profile. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide an antenna and an electronic device.

[0004] The present disclosure provides an antenna, which comprises: a first dielectric substrate, at least one subarray, and at least one first feeding structure; the subarray comprises at least one first radiating part, at least one transmission component, and at least one second feeding structure and a reference electrode layer; wherein,

[0005] The transmission component comprises a first transmission structure and a second transmission structure;

[0006] The first radiating part and the second feeding structure are arranged on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the transmission component; and the reference electrode layer is arranged on the side of the first dielectric substrate close to the transmission component;

[0007] The first feeding structure has a first feeding port and a second feeding port; the second feeding structure has a third feeding port and a fourth feeding port; the reference electrode has a first opening and a second opening; the fourth feeding port is connected to the first radiating part; the normal projection of any two of the first opening, the first transmission structure, and the second feeding port on the first dielectric substrate overlaps; and the normal projection of any two of the second opening, the second transmission structure, and the third feeding port on the first dielectric substrate overlaps.

[0008] The antenna further comprises a second dielectric substrate arranged opposite to the first dielectric substrate, and the subarray further comprises a second radiation part on the second dielectric substrate, and the orthographic projection of one first radiation part and one second radiation part on the first dielectric substrate at least partially overlaps.

[0009] The second radiation part is arranged on the side of the second dielectric substrate away from the first dielectric substrate.

[0010] The first feeding structure is a 1-to-2 power divider, and the antenna comprises a plurality of subarrays; every two subarrays arranged side by side in a first direction form a group.

[0011] Two second feeding ports of one 1-to-2 power divider are respectively coupled to the first transmission structure of two transmission components in one group of subarrays through the first opening.

[0012] The subarray comprises two second feeding structures; the feeding directions of the fourth feeding ports of the two second feeding structures connected to the same first radiation part are different.

[0013] The profile of the first radiation part comprises a first side and a second side arranged opposite in a first direction, and the main body part of the first side and the second side extends in a second direction, and a third side and a fourth side arranged opposite in the second direction, and the main body part of the third side and the fourth side extends in the first direction; the second side is directly connected to the third side and the fourth side; the two fourth feeding ports connected to the same first radiation part are respectively connected to the two end portions of the second side.

[0014] The profile of the first radiation part further comprises a fifth side connecting the first side and the third side, and a sixth side connecting the first side and the fourth side; the intersection of the extension line of the first side and the third side of one profile of the first radiation part is a first intersection point; the intersection of the extension line of the second side and the fourth side is a second intersection point; the midpoint of the line connecting the midpoint of the third side and the midpoint of the fourth side is a first midpoint; the shortest distance from the first intersection point to the fifth side is a first distance, and the shortest distance from the second intersection point to the sixth side is a second distance; the distance between the first intersection point and the first midpoint is a third distance, and the distance between the second intersection point and the first midpoint is a fourth distance; the ratio of the first distance to the third distance and the ratio of the second distance to the fourth distance are both in the range of 2:15-3:14.

[0015] The first side has a concave part protruding towards the second side.

[0016] The angle between the extension direction of the line connecting the center of the concave profile of one of the first radiating portions and the midpoint of the second side and the first direction ranges from 0° to 5°.

[0017] The ratio of the maximum distance and the minimum distance of the first side and the second side in the first direction of one of the first radiating portions ranges from 25:19 to 22:19.

[0018] The two second feeding structures in the subarray are symmetrically arranged with a straight line extending in the first direction and passing through the midpoint of the second side of the first radiating profile as the axis of symmetry.

[0019] The subarray includes two transmission components and two second feeding structures; the two transmission components are transmission component a and transmission component b, respectively; the two second feeding structures are second feeding structure a and second feeding structure b, respectively; the reference electrode layer in the subarray includes two first openings and two second openings, the two first openings are first opening a and first opening b, respectively, and the two second openings are second opening a and second opening b, respectively.

[0020] The first feeding structure is a 1:2 power divider; the antenna includes a plurality of subarrays, and every two side-by-side subarrays in the first direction form a group; a group of subarrays is fed by two first feeding structures, and the two first feeding structures feeding the same group of subarrays are first feeding structure a and first feeding structure b, respectively.

[0021] For a group of subarrays, the two second feeding ports of the first feeding structure a are coupled through the corresponding first opening a and the first transmission structure of the corresponding transmission component a, respectively; the second transmission structure of the transmission component a is coupled through the corresponding second opening a and the first feeding port of the corresponding second feeding structure a, respectively.

[0022] The two second feeding ports of the first feeding structure b are coupled through the corresponding first opening b and the first transmission structure of the corresponding transmission component b, respectively; the second transmission structure of the transmission component b is coupled through the corresponding second opening b and the first feeding port of the corresponding second feeding structure b, respectively. The transmission component includes a phase shifter; the phase shifter further includes a phase shifting part connected between the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure; the phase shifting part of the phase shifter includes a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate arranged oppositely, a first electrode layer arranged on the side of the third dielectric substrate close to the fourth dielectric substrate, a fourth electrode layer arranged on the side of the fourth dielectric substrate close to the third dielectric substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

[0023] The third dielectric substrate is closer to the reference electrode layer than the fourth dielectric substrate;

[0024] The first electrode layer comprises a first trunk line and a second trunk line, the orthographic projections of the first trunk line and the second trunk line on the third dielectric substrate both overlap with the orthographic projection of the second electrode layer on the third dielectric substrate; both ends of the first trunk line and the second trunk line are connected to the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure respectively.

[0025] The first trunk line and the second trunk line both comprise oppositely arranged first ends and second ends; the first transmission structure comprises a first combining path, a first branch path and a second branch path; the second transmission structure comprises a second combining path, a third branch path and a fourth branch path;

[0026] The first combining path overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first opening on the first dielectric substrate; one end of the first branch path is connected to the first end of the first trunk line, and the other end is connected to the first combining path; the second branch path is connected to the first end of the second trunk line, and the other end is connected to the first combining path;

[0027] The second combining path overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second opening on the first dielectric substrate; one end of the third branch path is connected to the second end of the first trunk line, and the other end is connected to the second combining path; the fourth branch path is connected to the second end of the second trunk line, and the other end is connected to the second combining path;

[0028] The first branch path and the fourth branch path have equal lengths; the second branch path and the third branch path have equal lengths, and the length of the first branch path is greater than the length of the second branch path.

[0029] The first transmission structure and the second transmission structure are both arranged on the third dielectric substrate.

[0030] The number of the first radiating parts in the antenna unit is N, N≥2, and N is an integer; the second feeding structure comprises N fourth feeding ports, and the first radiating parts in the antenna unit are connected to the fourth feeding ports one by one.

[0031] The first dielectric substrate comprises a printed circuit board.

[0032] The first feeding structure, the second feeding structure and the first radiating part are arranged in the same layer and are made of the same material.

[0033] The antenna further comprises a shell; the subarray and the first feeding structure are located in a hollow space in the shell.

[0034] The first radiating portion has a contour having at least one first protrusion and / or at least one first groove.

[0035] The outline of the second radiating portion has at least one second protrusion and / or at least one second groove.

[0036] When the first radiating part has a first protrusion and the second radiating part has a second protrusion, one second protrusion is provided corresponding to one first protrusion;

[0037] When the first radiating part has a first groove and the second radiating part has a second groove, one second groove is provided corresponding to one first groove.

[0038] This disclosure provides an electronic device that includes any of the antennas described above. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The top view of the phase shifter of the antenna shown.

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The top view of the antenna shown includes the first dielectric substrate, the first radiating part, the first feeding structure, and the second feeding structure.

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A top view of the reference electrode layer of the antenna shown.

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the signal coupling of the antenna.

[0045] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The top view of the second dielectric substrate and the second radiating part of the antenna shown.

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 4 and Figure 7 The top view shown is of the film layers after stacking.

[0047] Figure 9 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 10 forFigure 9 The top view of the phase shifter of the antenna shown.

[0049] Figure 11 for Figure 9 The top view of the antenna shown includes the first dielectric substrate, the first radiating part, the first feeding structure, and the second feeding structure.

[0050] Figure 12 for Figure 9 A top view of the reference electrode layer of the antenna shown.

[0051] Figure 13 for Figure 11 and Figure 7 The radiation pattern shown is after the film layers are stacked.

[0052] Figure 14 This is a top view of the first radiating part according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0053] Figure 15 This is a top view of the phase shifting section in a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Figure 16 for Figure 15 A cross-sectional view of AA'.

[0055] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0056] Figure 18 for Figure 13 The standing wave characteristic diagram of the antenna is shown.

[0057] Figure 19 for Figure 13 The diagram shows the isolation characteristics of the antenna.

[0058] Figure 20 The image shows the horizontal and vertical radiation patterns of the center frequency of the antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0059] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] Figure 22 for Figure 21 A top view of the first radiating section and the first feed line of the antenna shown.

[0061] Figure 23 for Figure 21 A top view of the second radiating section of the antenna shown.

[0062] Figure 24 for Figure 21 The standing wave characteristic diagram of the antenna is shown.

[0063] Figure 25 forFigure 21 Isolation characteristic map of the antenna shown.

[0064] Figure 26 Horizontal and vertical plane patterns of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0066] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. The terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present disclosure do not represent any order, number or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "one", "an" or "the" and similar terms do not represent a quantity limitation, but represent the existence of at least one. The terms "include" or "contain" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects before the terms encompass the elements or objects listed after the terms and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connected" or "connected" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute positions of the described objects change, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0067] A balun (balun-unbalance) component is a three-port device that can be applied to microwave radio frequency devices. The balun component is a radio frequency transmission line transformer that converts a matched input into a differential input, which can be used to excite differential lines, amplifiers, broadband antennas, balanced mixers, balanced frequency multipliers and modulators, phase shifters and any circuit design that requires equal amplitude and 180° phase difference between two lines. Among them, the two outputs of the balun component have equal amplitude and opposite phase. In the frequency domain, this means that there is a 180° phase difference between the two outputs; in the time domain, this means that the voltage of one balanced output is the negative of the other balanced output.

[0068] It should be noted that the transmission component in the present disclosure is configured to transmit radio frequency signals. In the following examples of the present disclosure, the transmission component is described as a phase shifter, that is, the transmission component not only includes a first transmission structure and a second transmission structure, but also includes a phase shifting part arranged between the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure, and the phase shifting part is configured to phase shift the radio frequency signals.

[0069] In a first aspect, Figure 1 A top view of an antenna of an embodiment of the present disclosure;Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as Figure 1 and 2 shown, an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a first dielectric substrate 101, at least one subarray and a first feeding structure 200. Wherein the subarray 100 comprises at least one first radiating part 10, at least one phase shifter 30 and at least one second feeding structure 20 and a reference electrode layer 50.

[0070] In particular, Figure 3 as shown in Figure 1 a top view of the phase shifter 30 of the antenna; as Figure 3 shown, the phase shifter 30 comprises a first transmission structure 301, a second transmission structure 302 and a phase shifting part 303. Wherein one of the first transmission structure 301 and the second transmission structure 302 serves as an input structure for microwave signals, and the other serves as an output structure for microwave signals. For example: the first transmission structure 301 serves as an input structure, and the second transmission structure 302 serves as an output structure. At this time, the microwave signal is fed into the phase shifting part 303 by the first transmission structure 301, the microwave signal is phase shifted by the phase shifting part 303, and then the phase-shifted microwave signal is fed out through the second transmission structure 302.

[0071] Figure 4 as shown in Figure 1 a top view of the first dielectric substrate 101, the first radiating part 10, the first feeding structure 200 and the second feeding structure 20 of the antenna; as Figure 4 shown, the first radiating part 10 and the second feeding structure 20 in the subarray 100 are arranged on the side of the first dielectric substrate 101 away from the phase shifter 30, and the reference electrode layer 50 is arranged on the side of the first dielectric substrate 101 close to the phase shifter 30. Wherein the reference electrode layer 50, the first radiating part 10 and the second feeding structure 20 form a current loop. In order to facilitate the control of the reference electrode layer 50, it can be a ground electrode layer.

[0072] Further, continuing to refer to Figure 4 , the first feeding structure 200 has a first feeding port 201 and a second feeding port 202; the second feeding structure 20 has a third feeding port 21 and a fourth feeding port 22. Figure 5 as shown in Figure 1 a top view of the reference electrode layer 50 of the antenna; as Figure 5As shown, the reference electrode layer 50 has a first opening 501 and a second opening 502. For any subarray 100, the fourth feeding port 22 of the second feeding structure 20 is connected to the first radiating part 10, the orthographic projection of any two of the following on the first dielectric substrate 101 exists overlap: one first opening 501 on the reference electrode layer 50, one first transmission structure 301 of the phase shifter 30, one second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure 200; one second opening 502 on the reference electrode layer 50, one second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter 30, one third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure 20. Figure 6 As shown, the reference electrode layer 50 has a first opening 501 and a second opening 502. For any subarray 100, the fourth feeding port 22 of the second feeding structure 20 is connected to the first radiating part 10, the orthographic projection of any two of the following on the first dielectric substrate 101 exists overlap: one first opening 501 on the reference electrode layer 50, one first transmission structure 301 of the phase shifter 30, one second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure 200; one second opening 502 on the reference electrode layer 50, one second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter 30, one third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure 20. Figure 1 As shown, the reference electrode layer 50 has a first opening 501 and a second opening 502. For any subarray 100, the fourth feeding port 22 of the second feeding structure 20 is connected to the first radiating part 10, the orthographic projection of any two of the following on the first dielectric substrate 101 exists overlap: one first opening 501 on the reference electrode layer 50, one first transmission structure 301 of the phase shifter 30, one second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure 200; one second opening 502 on the reference electrode layer 50, one second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter 30, one third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure 20. Figure 6 As shown, the reference electrode layer 50 has a first opening 501 and a second opening 502. For any subarray 100, the fourth feeding port 22 of the second feeding structure 20 is connected to the first radiating part 10, the orthographic projection of any two of the following on the first dielectric substrate 101 exists overlap: one first opening 501 on the reference electrode layer 50, one first transmission structure 301 of the phase shifter 30, one second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure 200; one second opening 502 on the reference electrode layer 50, one second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter 30, one third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure 20.

[0073] The antenna in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be a receiving antenna for receiving microwave signals, a transmitting antenna for transmitting microwave signals, or a transceiving antenna for simultaneously receiving and transmitting microwave signals. Taking the working process of one subarray 100 in the antenna as an example, when the antenna transmits microwave signals, the first feeding port 201 of the first feeding structure 200 feeds in the microwave signals, which are coupled to the first transmission structure 301 of the phase shifter 30 through the first opening 501 and the second feeding port 202, and then fed out after phase shifting by the phase shifting part 303 of the phase shifter 30 through the second transmission structure 302, and coupled to the third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure 20 through the second opening 502. At this time, the fourth feeding structure of the second feeding structure 20 is connected to the first radiating part 10, and the microwave signals can be transmitted through the first radiating part 10. When the antenna receives microwave signals, the first radiating part 10 receives the microwave signals, which are fed into the fourth feeding port 22 of the second feeding structure 20, and then coupled to the second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter 30 through the second opening 502 and the third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure 20. The second transmission structure 302 feeds the microwave signals into the phase shifting part 303 and feeds them out through the first transmission structure 301. The first transmission structure 301 feeds the microwave signals into the second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure 200 through the first opening 501, and finally transmits them to the first feeding port 201 of the first feeding structure 200, thereby realizing the reception of microwave signals.

[0074] In some examples, continuing to refer to Figure 4The number of the first radiating sections 10 in the subarray 100 of the antenna can be N, N≥2, and N is an integer. The number of the fourth feeding ports 22 of the second feeding structure 20 in the corresponding subarray 100 is also N. For example, the second feeding structure 20 can be a power divider with N branches. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, taking N=3 as an example, the number of the first radiating sections 10 in the subarray 100 of the antenna is 3, the second feeding structure 20 is a power divider with 3 branches, and the number of the fourth feeding ports 22 is 3.

[0075] In some examples, Figure 7 For Figure 1 A top view of the second dielectric substrate 401 and the second radiating section 40 of the antenna. Figure 8 For Figure 4 and Figure 7 A top view of the film after lamination; as Figure 7 and 8 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the antenna not only includes the above structure, but also includes a second dielectric substrate 401 arranged opposite to the first dielectric substrate 101 in each subarray 100 of the antenna, and at least one second radiating section 40 arranged on the second dielectric substrate 401. The orthographic projection of one first radiating section 10 and one second radiating section 40 on the first dielectric substrate 101 at least partially overlaps. For example, the first radiating section 10 and the second radiating section 40 in each subarray 100 are arranged one-to-one. When the antenna of the embodiments of the present disclosure transmits a signal, the radio frequency signal radiated by the first radiating section 10 can be transmitted through the second radiating section 40. When the antenna receives a signal, any second radiating section 40 feeds the radio frequency signal to the first radiating section 10 arranged opposite to it after receiving the radio frequency signal, and the first radiating section 10 transmits the radio frequency signal to the second feeding structure 20 electrically connected to it, and then transmits the radio frequency signal to the phase shifter 30 after phase shifting, and then transmits the radio frequency signal to the first feeding structure 200, so as to complete the reception of the radio frequency signal. By cooperating the first radiating section 10 and the second radiating section 40 to radiate the radio frequency signal, compared with the antenna provided with only one first radiating section 10, the radiation efficiency is effectively improved, the gain fluctuation in the frequency band is reduced, the gain of the matching loss is significantly improved, and the impedance in the frequency band is smoothed.

[0076] Further, the second radiating section 40 is arranged on the side of the second dielectric substrate 401 away from the first dielectric substrate 101. In some examples, the second dielectric substrate 401 is used to provide support for the second radiating section 40. The material of the second dielectric substrate 401 includes but is not limited to polycarbonate plastic (Polycarbonate; PC), cycloolefin copolymer plastic (Copolymers of Cycloolefin; COP), or polymethyl methacrylate (Polymethyl Methacrylate; PMMA).

[0077] In some examples, the antenna in the embodiments of the present disclosure is a dual-polarized antenna, each subarray 100 includes two second feeding structures 20; the feeding directions of the fourth feeding ports 22 of the two second feeding structures 20 connected to the same first radiating part 10 are different. That is, two second feeding units are needed to feed each first radiating part 10, and the fourth feeding ports 22 of the two second feeding units connected to the same first radiating part 10 are connected to the first node and the second node of the first radiating part 10, and the extension line of the line connecting the first node and the center of the first radiating part 10 and the extension line of the line connecting the second node and the center of the first radiating part 10 intersect, for example, the extension line of the line connecting the first node and the center of the first radiating part 10 and the extension line of the line connecting the second node and the center of the first radiating part 10 are perpendicular to each other, so as to realize the polarization directions of 0° / 90° or ±45°.

[0078] Specifically, Figure 9 is a top view of another antenna of the embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 10 is a top view of the antenna shown in FIG. 1; Figure 9 is a top view of the phase shifter 30 of the antenna shown in FIG. 1; Figure 11 is a top view of the antenna shown in FIG. 1; Figure 9 is a top view of the first dielectric substrate 101, the first radiating part 10, the first feeding structure 200 and the second feeding structure 20 of the antenna shown in FIG. 1; Figure 12 is a top view of the antenna shown in FIG. 1; Figure 9 is a top view of the reference electrode layer 50 of the antenna shown in FIG. 1; Figure 13 is a top view of the antenna shown in FIG. 1; Figure 11 is a radiation pattern of the film after lamination; as Figure 7 is a radiation pattern of the film after lamination; as Figures 9-13As shown, when the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure is a dual-polarized antenna, each subarray 100 includes two second feeding structures 20 and two phase shifters 30, wherein the first transmission structure 301 of the two phase shifters 30 in each subarray 100 can be fed by the second feeding port 202 of the two first feeding structures 200. Taking one subarray 100 as an example, for the convenience of description, the two second feeding structures 20 contained in the subarray 100 are respectively referred to as second feeding structure a20' and second feeding structure b20", and the two phase shifters 30 are respectively referred to as phase shifter a30' and phase shifter b30". The two first openings 501 on the electrode layer 50 are respectively referred to as first opening a501' and first opening b501", and the two second openings 502 are respectively referred to as second opening 502a and second opening 502b. The second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure a200' is coupled and connected with the first transmission structure 301 of the phase shifter a30' through the first opening a501'; the second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter a30' is coupled and connected with the third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure a20' through the second opening 502a; and the three fourth feeding ports 22 of the second feeding structure a20' are respectively connected with the three first radiating parts 10. Similarly, the second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure b200" is coupled and connected with the first transmission structure 301 of the phase shifter b30" through the first opening b501"; the second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter b30" is coupled and connected with the third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure b20" through the second opening 502b; and the three fourth feeding ports 22 of the second feeding structure b20" are respectively connected with the three first radiating parts 10.

[0079] In some examples, the first feeding structure 200 adopts a 1:2 power divider, and the antenna includes a plurality of subarrays 100; every two subarrays 100 along the first direction form a group, and the two second feeding ports 202 of one 1:2 power divider are respectively coupled and connected with the first transmission structures 301 of the two phase shifters 30 in one group of subarrays 100 through the first openings 501. Adopting a 1:2 power divider as the first feeding structure 200 helps the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure to realize high integration.

[0080] In one example, the first feeding structure 200 adopts a 2-way power divider, the antenna includes a plurality of sub-arrays 100; every two sub-arrays 100 in a first direction form a group, and three first radiating parts 10 are included in one sub-array 100. The antenna is a dual-polarized antenna, that is, two second feeding structures 20 and two phase shifters 30 are included in each sub-array 100, and a group of sub-arrays 100 are fed by two first feeding structures 200. Two sub-arrays 100 in each group of sub-arrays 100 are respectively referred to as a first sub-array and a second sub-array. For a group of sub-arrays 100, one second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure a 200' is coupled to the first transmission structure 301 of the phase shifter a 30' in the first sub-array through the first opening a 501' in the first sub-array, and the other second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure a 200' is coupled to the first transmission structure 301 of the phase shifter a 30' in the second sub-array through the first opening a 501' in the second sub-array. In the first sub-array, the second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter a 30' is coupled to the third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure a 20' through the second opening 502a, and the three fourth feeding ports 22 of the second feeding structure a 20' are electrically connected to the three first radiating parts 10; the second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter b 30'' is coupled to the third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure b 20'' through the second opening 502b, and the three fourth feeding ports 22 of the second feeding structure b 20'' are electrically connected to the three first radiating parts 10. In the second sub-array, the second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter a 30' is coupled to the third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure a 20' through the second opening 502a, and the three fourth feeding ports 22 of the second feeding structure a 20' are electrically connected to the three first radiating parts 10; the second transmission structure 302 of the phase shifter b 30'' is coupled to the third feeding port 21 of the second feeding structure b 20'' through the second opening 502b, and the three fourth feeding ports 22 of the second feeding structure b 20'' are electrically connected to the three first radiating parts 10.

[0081] In some examples, Figure 14 A top view of the first radiating part 10 of the embodiment of the present disclosure; as Figure 14As shown, the profile of the first radiating part 10 in any of the above-mentioned architectures can include a first side S1 and a second side S2 oppositely arranged in the first direction X, and the main part extends in the second direction Y; and a third side S3 and a fourth side S4 oppositely arranged in the second direction Y, and the main part extends in the first direction X. The second side S2 is directly connected with the third side S3 and the fourth side S4. The two fourth feeding ports 22 of the same first radiating part 10 are connected on the two ends of the second side S2. That is, for one first radiating part 10, the connection nodes of the fourth ports of the two second feeding structures 20 with the first radiating part 10 are just located on the two corners of the first radiating part 10, so as to realize a dual-polarized antenna, for example, to realize ±45° polarization.

[0082] Further, the profile of any first radiating part 10 includes not only the first side S1, the second side S2, the third side S3 and the fourth side S4, but also a fifth side S5 connecting the first side S1 and the third side S3, and a sixth side S6 connecting the first side S1 and the fourth side S4. Since the extension direction of the first side S1 is the second direction Y, and the extension directions of the third side S3 and the fourth side S4 are the first direction X, that is, the extension directions of the first side S1 and the third side S3 and the fourth side S4 are different, the fifth side S5 is connected between the first side S1 and the third side S3, which is equivalent to forming a flat chamfer between the first side S1 and the third side S3, and the sixth side S6 is connected between the first side S1 and the fourth side S4, which is equivalent to forming a flat chamfer between the first side S1 and the fourth side S4. The lengths of the fifth side S5 and the sixth side S6 determine the sizes of the two flat chamfers, and the sizes of the flat chamfers are used for impedance matching to reduce microwave loss. In an example, the lengths of the fifth side S5 and the sixth side S6 can be equal.

[0083] In some examples, for any profile of the first radiating part 10, the intersection of the extension of the prolongation of the first side S1 and the third side S3 is the first intersection point P1, and the intersection of the prolongation of the first side S1 and the fourth side S4 is the second intersection point P2. The midpoint of the line connecting the midpoint of the third side S3 and the midpoint of the fourth side S4 is the first midpoint O1. Wherein, the shortest distance from the first intersection point P1 to the fifth side S5 is the first distance d1, the shortest distance from the second intersection point to the sixth side S6 is the second distance d2, the distance from the first intersection point P1 to the first midpoint O1 is the third distance d3, and the distance from the second intersection point P2 to the first midpoint O1 is the fourth distance d4. The ratio of the first distance d1 to the third distance d3 and the ratio of the second distance d2 to the fourth distance d4 can range from 2:15 to 3:14. For example, d1:d3=2.2627:14.823. In one example, the ratio of the first distance d1 to the third distance d3 and the ratio of the second distance d2 to the fourth distance d4 can be equal, and at this time, the length of the fifth side S5 and the sixth side S6 can be equal.

[0084] Further, regardless of whether the structure of the first radiating part 10 adopts a profile including the first side S1, the second side S2, the third side S3 and the fourth side S4, or a profile including the first side S1, the second side S2, the third side S3, the fourth side S4, the fifth side S5 and the sixth side S6, the first side S1 has a recess 11 protruding towards the second side S2. The recess 11 is provided to improve the isolation of the radio frequency signals fed by the two second feeding structures 20 on the same first radiating part 10. The recess 11 includes but is not limited to a rectangular slot.

[0085] In one example, for a profile of the first radiating part 10, the angle between the extension of the line connecting the center of the recess on the first side S1 and the midpoint of the second side S2 and the first direction X ranges from 0° to 5°. For example, the angle between the extension of the line connecting the center of the recess on the first side S1 and the midpoint of the second side S2 and the first direction X is 0°, i.e., the extension of the line connecting the center of the recess on the first side S1 and the midpoint of the second side S2 is the first direction X.

[0086] In one example, for a profile of the first radiating part 10, the ratio of the maximum distance L1 and the minimum distance L2 of the first side S1 and the second side S2 in the first direction X ranges from 25:19 to 22:19; for example, L1:L2=23.9:21.8. That is, the ratio of the maximum distance of the first side S1 and the second side S2 in the first direction X and the distance from the bottom of the recess to the second side S2 is 25:19 to 22:19. It can be seen that by setting the depth of the recess, the best isolation of the radio frequency signals fed by the two second feeding structures 20 on the same first radiating part 10 can be obtained.

[0087] In some examples, further, no matter whether the structure of the first radiating part 10 adopts the profile including the first side S1, the second side S2, the third side S3 and the fourth side S4, or the profile including the first side S1, the second side S2, the third side S3, the fourth side S4, the fifth side S5 and the sixth side S6. The two second feeding structures 20 in each subarray 100 are symmetrically arranged with a straight line extending along the first direction X and passing through the midpoint of the second side S2 of the profile of the first radiating part 10 as the axis of symmetry. For example, one of the second feeding structures 20 in each subarray 100 is located on one side close to the third side (the upper side of the first radiating part 10), and the other second feeding structure is located on one side close to the fourth side (the lower side of the first radiating part 10).

[0088] In some examples, Figure 15 a top view of the phase shifter 30 in the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 16 a top view of the phase shifter 30 in the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 15 a sectional view of A-A' in the embodiment of the present disclosure; as Figure 15 and 16 As shown in the above-mentioned any one of the architectures of the antenna in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase shifter 30 in the antenna can adopt a liquid crystal phase shifter 30, and the phase shifting part 303 of the liquid crystal phase shifter 30 can include oppositely arranged third and fourth dielectric substrates 304 and 305, a first electrode layer arranged on one side of the third dielectric substrate 304 close to the fourth dielectric substrate 305, a second electrode layer arranged on one side of the fourth dielectric substrate 305 close to the third dielectric substrate 304, and a liquid crystal layer 306 between the first and second electrode layers. Among them, the third dielectric substrate 304 is closer to the reference electrode layer 50 than the fourth dielectric substrate 305, that is, in the antenna, the reference electrode layer 50 is arranged between the third dielectric substrate 304 and the first dielectric substrate 101, so that the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer and the reference electrode layer 50 can form a current loop. In this way, a voltage can be applied to the first and second electrode layers to form an electric field between them to drive the liquid crystal molecules to flip, thereby changing the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 306 to achieve the phase shifting of the microwave. In the antenna in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase shifting part 303 can adopt any form of differential mode double-line phase shifter 30. The phase shifting part 303 in the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below in combination with specific examples.

[0089] For example, the first electrode layer in the phase-shifting unit 303 includes the first main line 31 and the second main line 32, and the second electrode layer includes a plurality of patch electrodes 33 arranged at intervals. The first main line 31 and the second main line 32 have the same extension direction; the plurality of patch electrodes 33 arranged at intervals are arranged side by side along the extension direction of the first main line 31, and the projections of the two opposite ends of the patch electrodes 33 on the third dielectric substrate 304 along the extension direction thereof respectively overlap the projections of the first main line 31 and the second main line 32 on the first dielectric substrate 101. In this case, the overlapping areas of the first main line 31 and the second main line 32 and the patch electrodes form capacitor areas, and by loading different voltages on the first main line 31, the second main line 32 and the patch electrodes 33, the overlapping areas of the first main line 31 and the patch electrodes 33 form an electric field, and the overlapping areas of the second main line 32 and the patch electrodes 33 also form an electric field, so that the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal molecules in the overlapping areas of the first main line 31 and the patch electrodes 33 and the overlapping areas of the second main line 32 and the patch electrodes 33 changes, thereby achieving phase shifting of the microwave signal. For this phase-shifting unit 303, the two ends of the first main line 31 and the second main line 32 are respectively connected to the first transmission structure 301 and the second transmission structure 302.

[0090] It should be noted that the operation of the phase-shifting unit 303 actually does not depend on the reference electrode layer 50, and when the phase-shifting unit 303 is integrated in an antenna, one or more reference electrode layers 50 are necessary. Of course, if the reference electrode layer 50 is integrated in the antenna itself, the reference electrode layer 50 of the phase-shifting unit 303 can also share the reference electrode layer 50 in the antenna. The reference electrode layer 50 can be arranged on the side of the third dielectric substrate 304 away from the liquid crystal layer 306, or on the side of the fourth dielectric substrate 305 away from the liquid crystal layer 306. In addition, the reference electrode layer 50 includes but is not limited to a ground layer. As long as the reference electrode layer 50 forms a current loop with the first main line 31 and the patch electrodes, and forms a current loop with the second main line 32 and the patch electrodes 33.

[0091] In some examples, the patch electrodes in the phase-shifting unit 303 can be electrically connected together by a connecting electrode, and at this time, the same bias voltage can be applied to each patch electrode when the phase-shifting unit 303 is working, which is convenient for control. The projection of the connecting electrode on the third dielectric substrate 304 does not overlap the projections of the first main line 31 and the second main line 32 on the first dielectric substrate 101.

[0092] In some examples, the plurality of patch electrodes in the phase shifter 303 are periodically arranged, for example, the intervals between the plurality of patch electrodes are equal. In some examples, the area of the overlapping region between each patch electrode and the orthogonal projection of the first trunk line 31 on the third dielectric substrate 304 is equal; and / or, the area of the overlapping region between each patch electrode and the orthogonal projection of the second trunk line 32 on the third dielectric substrate 304 is equal. With such an arrangement, the control of the phase shifter 303 is facilitated. Further, the width of each patch electrode can be equal, and the length of each patch electrode can also be equal.

[0093] In some examples, the first trunk line 31 and the second trunk line 32 in the phase shifter 303 can each be a transmission line in the form of a straight line segment. The extension directions of the first trunk line 31 and the second trunk line 32 can be parallel to each other, which facilitates the miniaturization of the phase shifter 303, i.e., facilitates the high integration of the antenna. Of course, the first trunk line 31 and the second trunk line 32 can also be curved, and the shape of the first trunk line 31 and the second trunk line 32 is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0094] In some examples, the first transmission structure 301 and the second transmission structure 302 in the phase shifter 30 can be arranged on the third dielectric substrate 304, at this time, the first transmission structure 301 and the second transmission structure 302 are arranged in the same layer as the first trunk line 31 and the second trunk line 32, and the same material is used.

[0095] In some examples, the first main trunk line 31 and the second main trunk line 32 in the phase-shifting part 303 of the phase shifter 30 each include oppositely arranged first and second ends; the first transmission structure 301 includes a first combining branch, a first branch and a second branch; the second transmission structure 302 includes a second combining branch, a third branch and a fourth branch; the first combining branch overlaps with the first opening 501 in the first dielectric substrate 101 in orthographic projection; one end of the first branch is connected to the first end of the first main trunk line 31, and the other end is connected to the first combining branch; the second branch is connected to the first end of the second main trunk line 32, and the other end is connected to the first combining branch; the second combining branch overlaps with the second opening 502 in the first dielectric substrate 101 in orthographic projection; one end of the third branch is connected to the second end of the first main trunk line 31, and the other end is connected to the second combining branch; the fourth branch is connected to the second end of the second main trunk line 32, and the other end is connected to the second combining branch; the first branch and the fourth branch have equal lengths; the second branch and the third branch have equal lengths, and the length of the first branch is greater than that of the second branch. Taking the antenna as a transmitting antenna as an example, when the radio frequency signal fed by the second feeding port 202 of the first feeding structure 200 is coupled to the first combining branch of the first transmission structure 301 through the first opening 501, the first combining branch divides the radio frequency signal into two signals, which are fed into the first main trunk line 31 and the second main trunk line 32 through the first branch and the second branch, respectively. Since the lengths of the first branch and the second branch are different, the radio frequency signals fed into them have a certain phase difference, and then the two radio frequency signals are transmitted to the third branch and the fourth branch through the first main trunk line 31 and the second main trunk line 32. Since the first branch and the fourth branch have equal lengths, and the second branch and the third branch have equal lengths, at this time, the two radio frequency signals are recovered, so that the radio frequency signal output by the second combining branch is in phase with the radio frequency signal fed into the first combining branch. Finally, the second combining branch feeds the radio frequency signal into the second feeding network through the second opening 502, and radiates through the first radiating part 10.

[0096] Further, the first transmission structure 301 and the second transmission structure 302 in the phase shifter 30 can adopt a balun structure. It should be noted that the balun structure is a three-port device which can be applied to microwave radio frequency devices. The balun structure is a radio frequency transmission line transformer that converts a matched input into a differential input, and can be used to excite differential lines, amplifiers, wideband antennas, balanced mixers, balanced frequency multipliers and modulators, phase shifters 30, and any circuit design that requires transmitting equal amplitude and 180° phase difference on two lines. Among them, the two outputs of the balun component have equal amplitude and opposite phase. In the frequency domain, this means that there is a 180° phase difference between the two outputs; in the time domain, this means that the voltage of one balanced output is the negative value of the other balanced output.

[0097] For example: continuing to refer to Figure 16The third dielectric substrate 304 has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, and a reference electrode layer 50 is disposed on the first surface of the third dielectric substrate 304. Both the first transmission structure 301 and the second transmission employ a balun assembly, and the phase shifter 303 employs... Figure 3 The phase shifter 303 is shown. The first transmission structure 301, the second transmission structure 302, the first trunk line 31, and the second trunk line 32 are all disposed on the second surface of the third dielectric substrate 304. The first branch and the second branch of the first transmission structure 301 are directly connected to the first combiner; for example, the first combiner, the first branch, and the second branch of the first transmission structure 301 are an integral structure. In this first transmission structure 301, the first branch includes a meandering line to achieve a 180° phase difference between the first branch and the second branch. The third branch and the fourth branch of the second transmission structure 302 are directly connected to the second combiner; for example, the second combiner, the third branch, and the fourth branch of the second transmission structure 302 are all an integral structure. In this first transmission structure 301, the fourth branch includes a meandering line to achieve a 180° phase difference between the fourth branch and the third branch. Furthermore, the first trunk line 31, the first branch, and the third branch are an integral structure; the second trunk line 32, the second branch, and the fourth branch are an integral structure. In this case, the first branch achieves a 180° phase difference with the second branch by winding a half-wavelength wire. The microwave signal fed into the first branch is then fed into the third branch via the first trunk line 31, and the third branch is fed into the second reasonable terminal. The microwave signal fed into the second branch 101c is fed into the fourth branch via the second trunk line 32. The fourth branch is then transmitted to the second combiner after being wound with a half-wavelength wire. At this time, the microwave signals transmitted by the third branch and the fourth branch are of equal amplitude and in phase before being fed into the second combiner.

[0098] Furthermore, regardless of which architecture the phase shifter 30 adopts in the embodiments of this disclosure, the third dielectric substrate 304 and the fourth dielectric substrate 305 can be made of glass, sapphire substrate, or a polyethylene terephthalate substrate, triallyl cyanurate substrate, or polyimide transparent flexible substrate with a thickness of 10-500 micrometers. Specifically, the third dielectric substrate 304 and the fourth dielectric substrate 305 can be made of high-purity quartz glass with extremely low dielectric loss. Compared with ordinary glass substrates, using quartz glass for the third dielectric substrate 304 and the fourth dielectric substrate 305 can effectively reduce microwave loss, giving the phase shifter 30 low power consumption and a high signal-to-noise ratio.

[0099] In some examples, Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 17As shown, the antenna in this embodiment includes not only the structure described above, but may also include a housing 1000; the subarray 100 and the first feeding structure 200 are located within the hollow space of the housing 1000, and the housing 1000 protects the antenna. Furthermore, the housing 1000 may be made of plastic, for example, polycarbonate plastic or cycloolefin polymer plastic.

[0100] In some examples, regardless of which architecture is used for the antenna in the embodiments of this disclosure, the first dielectric substrate 101 includes, but is not limited to, a printed circuit board (PCB).

[0101] To better understand the effect of the antenna in the embodiments of this disclosure, simulation experiments were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 13 The antenna's VSWR, isolation, radiation gain, and beamwidth were verified. Figure 18 for Figure 13 The standing wave characteristic diagram of the antenna shown is as follows; Figure 18 As shown, the antenna of this embodiment has a VSWR characteristic of less than 1.2 in the 3.40 GHz-3.80 GHz range. Figure 19 for Figure 13 The antenna isolation characteristic diagram is shown below; Figure 19 As shown, the antenna in this embodiment can achieve an in-band isolation of more than 18.75 dB, which effectively improves the anti-signal crosstalk performance. Figure 20 The horizontal and vertical plane radiation patterns of the center frequency of the antenna in this embodiment of the present disclosure are shown; as follows: Figure 20 As shown, the antenna of this embodiment has a radiation gain higher than 13.0187 dBi at its center frequency. The beamwidth of the -45° polarized antenna ranges from 86° to 106°. It exhibits excellent signal coverage characteristics.

[0102] In some examples, Figure 21 This is a top view of the first radiating part according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 21 As shown, the outline of the first radiating portion 70 in the antenna of this embodiment may include at least one first protrusion and / or at least one first recess. By providing the first protrusion and / or the first recess on the first radiating portion 70, the current path is lengthened, which is equivalent to increasing the physical size of the antenna, thereby reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna and achieving the purpose of antenna miniaturization. Furthermore, the antenna with this structure has the characteristic of a low profile.

[0103] It should be noted that only the first groove part is formed on the first radiation part 70 in the embodiment of the present disclosure, but this does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the profile of the first radiation part 10 is formed with a plurality of first groove parts, wherein the formation of the first groove part does not include positive direction, rectangle, triangle, T type, L type, etc. Further, the profile of the first radiation part 70 is formed with a plurality of first groove parts 71 / 72, and the shapes of at least part of the plurality of first groove parts 71 / 72 can be different. Similarly, the profile of the first radiation part 70 can also form a plurality of protruding parts, and the shapes of at least part of the plurality of protruding parts can be different.

[0104] Further, the first radiation part 70 can be polygonal, circular, elliptical, etc. For example, the first radiation part 70 is polygonal, which can include a first side and a second side arranged opposite in the first direction, and the main body part extends in the second direction, and a third side and a fourth side arranged opposite in the second direction, and the main body part extends in the first direction. In one example, two kinds of recessed parts are formed on the first side, the second side, the third side and the fourth side of the first radiation part 10. For the convenience of description, the two kinds of first groove parts are called first groove part a71 and first groove part b72 respectively. Among them, the first groove part a71 is T-shaped, and the "1" of the T-shaped recessed part is closer to the center of the first radiation part 70 than the "1". The first groove part b72 is rectangular. For each side of the first radiation part 70, one first groove part a71 and two first groove parts b72 are formed, and the first groove part a71 is located between the two first groove parts b72. Further, the first groove part a71 on the first side is the closest point to the center of the first radiation part 70, the first groove part a71 on the second side is the closest point to the center of the first radiation part 70, the first groove part a71 on the third side is the closest point to the center of the first radiation part 10, and the first groove part a71 on the fourth side is the closest point to the center of the first radiation part 70, wherein the first point, the center, the second point on the first radiation part 70 are on a straight line, and the third point, the center, the fourth point are on a straight line. It should be noted that, Figure 22 Only one setting mode of the first groove part 71 / 72 on the profile of the first radiation part 70 is shown, but this does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the embodiment of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, according to the requirements of the size and other parameters of the antenna, the shape and number of the first groove part or the first protruding part on the profile of the first radiation part 70 can be specifically limited.

[0105] Further, Figure 22 is a top view of the second radiation part of the embodiment of the present disclosure; as Figure 22As shown, the profile of the second radiating part 80 in the embodiment of the present disclosure can include at least one second protruding part and / or at least one second groove part 81. When the first protruding part is arranged on the first radiating part 70, a corresponding second protruding part is arranged on the second radiating part 80, that is, one second protruding part corresponds to one first protruding part. When the first groove part is arranged on the first radiating part 70, a corresponding second groove part 81 is arranged on the second radiating part 80, that is, one second groove part 81 corresponds to one first groove 71. In this case, the current path on the surface of the second radiating part 80 can be changed, so that the current is bent forward along the second protruding part or the second groove part 81 of the profile of the second radiating part 80, thereby lengthening the current path, equivalent to increasing the physical size of the antenna, reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna, achieving the purpose of miniaturizing the antenna, and the antenna adopting this structure has the characteristic of low profile. In a second aspect, Figure 23 FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as Figure 21 and 22 As shown, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a fifth dielectric substrate 601, at least one first radiating part 70 and at least one feed line arranged on the fifth substrate, and a reference electrode layer 50 arranged on the side of the fifth dielectric substrate 601 away from the first radiating part 70. The first radiating part 70 and the feed line both at least partially overlap the orthographic projection of the reference electrode layer 50 on the third dielectric substrate 304. One first radiating part 70 is electrically connected to at least one first feed line 90, and different first radiating parts 70 are electrically connected to different first feed lines. That is, different first radiating parts 70 are fed by different first feed lines 70. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the profile of the first radiating part 70 is formed with a first protruding part and / or a first groove part 71 / 72. Since the first protruding part and / or the first groove part 71 / 72 is formed in the profile of the first radiating part 70, the current path on the surface of the first radiating part 70 can be changed, so that the current is bent forward along the first protruding part and / or the first groove part 71 / 72 of the profile of the first radiating part 70, thereby lengthening the current path, equivalent to increasing the physical size of the antenna, reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna, achieving the purpose of miniaturizing the antenna, and the antenna adopting this structure has the characteristic of low profile.

[0106] In some examples, the antenna in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be a dual-polarized antenna, in which two feed lines are electrically connected to each first radiating part 70. For the convenience of description, the two feed lines electrically connected to the same first radiating part 70 are referred to as a first feed line 90 and a second feed line. For any first radiating part 70, the connection node of the first feed line 90 connected thereto is a first node, and the connection node of the second feed line connected thereto is a second node. The line connecting the first node of the first radiating part 70 and the center intersects with the line connecting the second node of the first radiating part 70 and the center. For example, the line connecting the first node of the first radiating part 70 and the center is perpendicular to the line connecting the second node of the first radiating part 70 and the center. In one example, the first radiating part 70 includes a first edge and a second edge oppositely arranged in a first direction, and a main body portion extends along a second direction, and a third edge and a fourth edge oppositely arranged in the second direction, and the main body portion extends along the first direction. Among them, the connection node of the first edge and the third edge is a first vertex, the connection node of the first edge and the fourth edge is a second vertex, the connection node of the second edge and the fourth edge is a third vertex, and the connection node of the second edge and the third edge is a fourth vertex. For a first radiating part 70, the connection node of the first radiating part 70 and the first feed line 90 is the first vertex, and the connection node of the first radiating part 70 and the first feed line 90 is the second vertex; or, the connection node of the first radiating part 70 and the first feed line 90 is the second vertex, and the connection node of the first radiating part 70 and the first feed line 90 is the third vertex; or, the connection node of the first radiating part 70 and the first feed line 90 is the third vertex, and the connection node of the first radiating part 70 and the first feed line 90 is the fourth vertex; or, the connection node of the first radiating part 70 and the first feed line 90 is the fourth vertex, and the connection node of the first radiating part 70 and the first feed line 90 is the first vertex. At this time, the radiating antenna can realize the polarization direction of 0° / 90°.

[0107] In some examples, the antenna in this embodiment may further include a sixth dielectric substrate 602 disposed opposite to the fifth dielectric substrate 601, and at least one second radiating portion 80 disposed on the sixth dielectric substrate 602, wherein the orthographic projection of one second radiating portion 80 and one first radiating portion 70 on the fifth dielectric substrate 601 at least partially overlaps. For example, the first radiating portion 70 and the second radiating portion 800 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence. When the antenna of this embodiment transmits a signal, the radio frequency signal radiated by the first radiating portion 10 can be transmitted through the second radiating portion 80. When the antenna receives a signal, after receiving the radio frequency signal, any second radiating portion 80 feeds the radio frequency signal to the corresponding first radiating portion 70, thereby completing the reception of the radio frequency signal. By using the first radiating portion 70 and the second radiating portion 80 to radiate the radio frequency signal, compared with an antenna that only provides one first radiating portion 70, the radiation efficiency is effectively improved, the gain fluctuation in the frequency band is reduced, the gain for matching loss is significantly improved, and the impedance in the frequency band is smoothed.

[0108] In some examples, the second radiating element in embodiments of this disclosure may employ... Figure 22 The structure shown, namely the outline of the second radiating part 80, also has at least one second protrusion and / or at least one second groove 81. Therefore, the current path on the surface of the second radiating part 80 can be changed, so that the current bends forward along the second protrusion and / or second groove of the outline of the second radiating part 80, thereby lengthening the current path, which is equivalent to increasing the physical size of the antenna, reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna, achieving the purpose of antenna miniaturization, and the antenna using this structure has the characteristic of low profile.

[0109] In some examples, when the outline of the second radiating portion 80 is formed with protrusions or recesses 81, the shape and number of the second protrusions and / or second recesses 81 can be the same as or different from the first protrusions and / or first recesses on the first radiating portion 10. In the embodiments of this disclosure, the shape of the second protrusions and / or second recesses 81 on the second radiating portion 40 can be the same as the first protrusions and / or first recesses on the first radiating portion 10, and the embodiments of this disclosure do not limit the shape of the second protrusions and / or second recesses 81 on the second radiating portion 80.

[0110] In one example, the first radiating section 10 adopts... Figure 22As shown in the structure, the profile of the second radiating part 40 can also include four edges, respectively, a fifth edge and a sixth edge oppositely arranged in the first direction and the main body part extends in the second direction, and a seventh edge and an eighth edge oppositely arranged in the second direction and the main body part extends in the first direction. For a second radiating part 40, a second groove part of T-shaped is formed on each of the four edges of the profile, and the second groove part of T-shaped formed on the fifth edge, the sixth edge, the seventh edge and the eighth edge is respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first groove part of T-shaped formed on the first edge, the second edge, the third edge and the fourth edge of the first radiating part 10. Further, the orthogonal projection of the second groove part of T-shaped on the fifth edge on the fifth dielectric substrate 601 nests the orthogonal projection of the first groove part of T-shaped on the first edge on the fifth dielectric substrate 601; the orthogonal projection of the second groove part of T-shaped on the sixth edge on the fifth dielectric substrate 601 nests the orthogonal projection of the first groove part of T-shaped on the second edge on the fifth dielectric substrate 601; the orthogonal projection of the second groove part of T-shaped on the seventh edge on the fifth dielectric substrate 601 nests the orthogonal projection of the first groove part of T-shaped on the third edge on the fifth dielectric substrate 601; and the orthogonal projection of the second groove part of T-shaped on the eighth edge on the fifth dielectric substrate 601 nests the orthogonal projection of the first groove part of T-shaped on the fourth edge on the fifth dielectric substrate 601. It should be noted that this example is only one way in which the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented, but does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0111] In some examples, the sixth dielectric substrate 602 is used to provide support for the second radiating part 40. The material of the sixth dielectric substrate 602 includes but is not limited to polycarbonate plastic (Polycarbonate; PC), cycloolefin polymer plastic (Copolymers of Cycloolefin; COP), or acrylic / organic glass (Polymethyl Methacrylate; PMMA). Of course, the sixth dielectric substrate 602 can also be replaced by filling foam cotton to support the second radiating part 40.

[0112] In some examples, the antenna in the embodiment of the present disclosure not only includes the above structure, but also includes a shell; the fifth dielectric substrate 601 and the sixth dielectric substrate 602 can be located in the hollow space of the shell 1000, and the antenna is protected by the shell. Further, the shell can be made of plastic material, for example: the plastic material can be polycarbonate plastic or cycloolefin polymer plastic.

[0113] In some examples, no matter which architecture the antenna in the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts, the fifth dielectric substrate 601 therein includes but is not limited to a printed circuit board (PCB).

[0114] In order to more clearly show the effect of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna standing wave ratio, isolation and radiation gain and beam width of the antenna shown in the simulation experiment are verified. Figure 21 As shown in the antenna standing wave characteristic diagram shown in Figure 24 As shown in the antenna standing wave characteristic diagram shown in Figure 21 As shown in the antenna standing wave characteristic diagram shown in Figure 24 As shown in the antenna standing wave characteristic diagram shown in Figure 25 As shown in the antenna standing wave characteristic diagram shown in Figure 21 As shown in the antenna standing wave characteristic diagram shown in Figure 25 As shown in the antenna standing wave characteristic diagram shown in Figure 26 As shown in the antenna standing wave characteristic diagram shown in Figure 26 As shown in the antenna standing wave characteristic diagram shown in

[0115] In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, which comprises any of the antennas described above. The communication system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further comprises a transceiving unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filter unit. The antenna in the communication system can serve as a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiving unit can comprise a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides signals of at least one frequency band, such as 2G signals, 3G signals, 4G signals, 5G signals, etc., and transmits the signals of at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver. After the antenna in the antenna system receives the signals, the signals can be transmitted to the receiving end in the transceiving unit after being processed by the filter unit, the power amplifier, the signal amplifier, and the radio frequency transceiver. The receiving end can be a smart gateway, etc.

[0116] Further, the radio frequency transceiver is connected to the transceiving unit, and is used for modulating the signals transmitted by the transceiving unit, or for demodulating the signals received by the antenna and then transmitting the signals to the transceiving unit. Specifically, the radio frequency transceiver can comprise a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives the signals of various types provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate the signals of various types provided by the baseband, and then transmit the signals to the antenna. After the antenna receives the signals and transmits the signals to the receiving circuit of the radio frequency transceiver, the receiving circuit transmits the signals to the demodulation circuit. After the demodulation circuit demodulates the signals, the demodulation circuit transmits the signals to the receiving end.

[0117] Further, the radio frequency transceiver is connected with the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, the signal amplifier and the power amplifier are connected with the filter unit, and the filter unit is connected with the at least one antenna. In the process of transmitting signals by the antenna system, the signal amplifier is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver and then transmit the signal to the filter unit; the power amplifier is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver and then transmit the signal to the filter unit; the filter unit can specifically include a duplexer and a filter circuit, the filter unit combines and filters the signals output by the signal amplifier and the power amplifier and then transmits the signals to the antenna, and the antenna radiates the signals. In the process of receiving signals by the antenna system, the antenna receives signals and then transmits the signals to the filter unit, the filter unit filters the signals received by the antenna and then transmits the signals to the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, the signal amplifier increases the gain of the signals received by the antenna to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals, and the power amplifier amplifies the power of the signals received by the antenna. The signals received by the antenna are processed by the power amplifier and the signal amplifier and then transmitted to the radio frequency transceiver, and the radio frequency transceiver transmits the signals to the transceiver unit.

[0118] In some examples, the signal amplifier can include various types of signal amplifiers, such as a low-noise amplifier, without limitation.

[0119] In some examples, the communication system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a power management unit connected with the power amplifier to provide the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying signals.

[0120] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted for illustrating the principles of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna comprising: The first dielectric substrate, a plurality of sub-arrays and at least one first feeding structure; The sub-array comprises at least one first radiation part, two transmission components and two second feeding structures and a reference electrode layer; wherein, The first radiation part and the second feeding structure are arranged on one side of the first dielectric substrate away from the transmission component; and the reference electrode layer is arranged on the side of the first dielectric substrate close to the transmission component; One of the sub-arrays is fed by two first feeding structures, and the two first feeding structures for feeding the same sub-array are respectively a first feeding structure a and a first feeding structure b; the first feeding structure has a first feeding port and a second feeding port; The two transmission components in the sub-array are respectively a transmission component a and a transmission component b; the transmission component a and the transmission component b do not overlap in the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate, and the transmission component a and the transmission component b are located on opposite sides of the orthographic projection of the first radiation part on the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate; the transmission component comprises a phase shifter, the phase shifter comprises a first transmission structure and a second transmission structure, and a phase shifting part connected between the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure, the phase shifting part is configured to phase shift a radio frequency signal; The two second feeding structures are respectively a second feeding structure a and a second feeding structure b; the second feeding structure a and the second feeding structure b do not overlap in the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate; the second feeding structure has a third feeding port and a fourth feeding port; the fourth feeding port is connected to the first radiation part; the fourth feeding ports of the two second feeding structures connected to the same first radiation part have different feeding directions; The reference electrode layer in the sub-array comprises two first openings and two second openings, the two first openings are respectively a first opening a and a first opening b, and the two second openings are respectively a second opening a and a second opening b; For one of the sub-arrays, any two of the first opening a, the first transmission structure of the transmission component a, and the second feeding port of the first feeding structure a overlap in the orthographic projection on the first dielectric substrate; any two of the second opening a, the second transmission structure of the transmission component a, and the third feeding port of the second feeding structure a overlap in the orthographic projection on the first dielectric substrate; Any two of the first opening b, the first transmission structure of the transmission component b, and the second feeding port of the first feeding structure b overlap in the orthographic projection on the first dielectric substrate; any two of the second opening b, the second transmission structure of the transmission component b, and the third feeding port of the second feeding structure b overlap in the orthographic projection on the first dielectric substrate.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a second dielectric substrate arranged opposite to the first dielectric substrate, the sub-array further comprises a second radiation part on the second dielectric substrate, and the orthographic projection of one of the first radiation part and one of the second radiation part on the first dielectric substrate at least partially overlaps.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, The second radiation part is arranged on the side of the second dielectric substrate away from the first dielectric substrate.

4. The antenna of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The first feeding structure is a 1:2 power divider, and the antenna comprises a plurality of the sub-arrays; every two of the sub-arrays arranged side by side in the first direction form a group. Two of the second feeding ports of the 1:2 power divider are respectively coupled to the first transmission structures of two transmission components in a group of the sub-arrays through the first openings.

5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein, The profile of the first radiation part comprises a first edge and a second edge arranged oppositely in the first direction and having main parts extending in the second direction, and a third edge and a fourth edge arranged oppositely in the second direction and having main parts extending in the first direction; the second edge is directly connected to the third edge and the fourth edge; two of the fourth feeding ports connected to the same first radiation part are respectively connected to two end portions of the second edge.

6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein, The profile of the first radiation part further comprises a fifth edge connecting the first edge and the third edge, and a sixth edge connecting the first edge and the fourth edge; the intersection of the extension line of the first edge and the extension line of the third edge of the profile of the first radiation part is a first intersection point; the intersection of the extension line of the second edge and the extension line of the fourth edge is a second intersection point; the midpoint of the line connecting the midpoint of the third edge and the midpoint of the fourth edge is a first midpoint; the shortest distance from the first intersection point to the fifth edge is a first distance, and the shortest distance from the second intersection point to the sixth edge is a second distance; the distance between the first intersection point and the first midpoint is a third distance, and the distance between the second intersection point and the first midpoint is a fourth distance; the ratio of the first distance to the third distance and the ratio of the second distance to the fourth distance are both in the range of 2:15-3:

14.

7. The antenna of claim 5, wherein, The first edge has a concave part protruding towards the second edge.

8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein, For one of the first radiation parts, the extension direction of the line connecting the center of the profile of the concave part and the midpoint of the second edge is in the range of 0°-5° with respect to the first direction.

9. The antenna of claim 7, wherein, For one of the first radiation parts, the ratio of the maximum distance and the minimum distance of the first edge and the second edge in the first direction is in the range of 25:19-22:

19.

10. The antenna of claim 5, wherein, Two of the second feeding structures in the sub-array are symmetrically arranged with a straight line extending in the first direction and passing through the midpoint of the second edge of the profile of the first radiation part as the axis of symmetry.

11. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The first feeding structure is a 1:2 power divider; every two of the sub-arrays arranged side by side in the first direction form a group; a group of the sub-arrays is fed by two of the first feeding structures, and the two first feeding structures feeding the same group of the sub-arrays are respectively a first feeding structure a and a first feeding structure b; For a group of the sub-arrays, two of the second feeding ports of the first feeding structure a are respectively coupled through a corresponding first opening a and a first transmission structure of a corresponding transmission component a; second transmission structures of the transmission component a are respectively coupled through a corresponding second opening a and a first feeding port of a corresponding second feeding structure a; The two second feeding ports of the first feeding structure b are respectively coupled with the first transmission structure of the corresponding transmission component b through corresponding first openings b; The second transmission structure of the transmission component b is coupled with the first feeding port of the corresponding second feeding structure b through corresponding second openings b.

12. The antenna of claim 1, wherein, The transmission component comprises a phase shifter; the phase shifter further comprises a phase shifting part connected between the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure; the phase shifting part of the phase shifter comprises a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate arranged oppositely, a first electrode layer arranged on the third dielectric substrate close to the fourth dielectric substrate, a second electrode layer arranged on the fourth dielectric substrate close to the third dielectric substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer; The third dielectric substrate is closer to the reference electrode layer than the fourth dielectric substrate; The first electrode layer comprises a first main line and a second main line; the orthographic projections of the first main line and the second main line on the third dielectric substrate both overlap with the orthographic projection of the second electrode layer on the third dielectric substrate; the two ends of the first main line and the second main line are respectively connected with the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure.

13. The antenna of claim 12, wherein, The first main line and the second main line both comprise a first end and a second end arranged oppositely; the first transmission structure comprises a first combining path, a first branch path and a second branch path; the second transmission structure comprises a second combining path, a third branch path and a fourth branch path; The first combining path overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first opening on the first dielectric substrate; one end of the first branch path is connected with the first end of the first main line, and the other end is connected with the first combining path; The second branch path is connected with the first end of the second main line, and the other end is connected with the first combining path; The second combining path overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second opening on the first dielectric substrate; one end of the third branch path is connected with the second end of the first main line, and the other end is connected with the second combining path; the fourth branch path is connected with the second end of the second main line, and the other end is connected with the second combining path; The first branch path and the fourth branch path have equal lengths; the second branch path and the third branch path have equal lengths, and the length of the first branch path is greater than that of the second branch path.

14. The antenna of claim 12, wherein, The first transmission structure and the second transmission structure are arranged on the third dielectric substrate.

15. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The number of the first radiation parts in the antenna is N, N≥2, and N is an integer; the second feeding structure comprises N fourth feeding ports; the first radiation parts in the antenna are connected with the fourth feeding ports one by one.

16. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The first dielectric substrate comprises a printed circuit board.

17. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The first feeding structure, the second feeding structure and the first radiation parts are arranged in the same layer and are made of the same material.

18. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The antenna further comprises a shell; the subarray and the first feeding structure are located in the hollow space of the shell.

19. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, The profile of the first radiation part has at least one first protruding part and / or at least one first recessed part.

20. The antenna of claim 19, wherein, The profile of the second radiating portion has at least one second protruding portion and / or at least one second recessed portion; When the first radiating portion has a first protruding portion and the second radiating portion has a second protruding portion, one of the second protruding portions is arranged correspondingly to one of the first protruding portions; When the first radiating portion has a first recessed portion and the second radiating portion has a second recessed portion, one of the second recessed portions is arranged correspondingly to one of the first recessed portions.

21. An electronic device comprising the antenna of any one of claims 1-20.

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