Low-protein diet and its application for improving egg production performance of white-feathered broiler breeders and their offspring production performance

Abstract

The present invention provides a low-protein diet and its application for improving the egg-laying performance of white-feathered broiler breeder chickens and the production performance of their offspring. By optimizing the low-protein diet formula and rationally considering electrolyte supplementation, the present invention successfully addresses the problem of nutritional excess in white-feathered broiler breeder chickens, ensuring sufficient absorption and utilization of supplemented crystalline amino acids, thereby improving protein synthesis capacity and achieving the feeding standard of a normal protein diet. This contributes to independent innovation in the application technology of domestically produced new-type white-feathered, fast-growing, large-scale broiler breeder chickens and promotes the development and progress of my country's breeding industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of animal breeding, and in particular relates to a low-protein diet for improving the egg-laying performance of white-feathered broiler breeders and the production performance of their offspring and its application. Background Art

[0002] In the application field of new white-feathered fast-growing large-scale broiler breeders, my country's white-feathered broiler breeds such as Shengze 901 and Ward 188 have recently successfully broken through the technical bottleneck in breeding, but still face gaps in nutritional standards and feed formulas.

[0003] Precision nutrition is a critical issue urgently needed in the poultry industry. Low-protein diet technology holds the key to addressing this challenge. Current technologies only adjust the nutritional requirements of broilers and laying hens, but fail to consider specific physiological and biochemical factors. For example, protein deficiency not only leads to a deficiency in amino acids, but also restricts the cellular synthesis pathways involved in nutrient transport. Furthermore, in the context of low-protein diets, amino acids exhibit a so-called "barrel effect," whereby some non-essential amino acids, when insufficiently supplemented, become "essential" in the low-protein diet. The reduced protein content and the use of crystalline amino acids in low-protein diets can affect electrolyte balance in poultry. Electrolyte balance is crucial in low-protein diets, as they may result in lower water intake. A balanced balance of water and electrolytes is crucial for digestion, metabolism, and temperature regulation. Proper electrolyte balance helps poultry maintain hydration. A balanced acid-base balance is crucial for digestion and nutrient absorption. Low-protein diets can lead to the accumulation of metabolic products, which in turn affects acid-base balance. A proper electrolyte balance can help maintain the pH value of poultry's body fluids within an appropriate range, promoting the normal functioning of enzyme activity and other physiological processes. In low-protein diets, poultry generally rely on carbohydrates for energy. Electrolytes play an important role in intracellular metabolic processes, including carbohydrate metabolism and energy release. Proper electrolyte balance helps maintain the normal operation of these metabolic processes, ensuring that poultry can effectively use carbohydrates as an energy source. Electrolytes are also very important for nerve conduction. Low-protein diets may affect the normal function of nerve cells and lead to abnormal nerve signal transmission. Proper electrolyte balance can maintain the stability and excitability of nerve cells, ensure the normal functioning of the nervous system, and thus help improve poultry behavior and production performance. Some studies have shown that under low-protein diet conditions, the intake of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium may be affected, which in turn affects the growth and development, eggshell quality, and immune function of poultry.

[0004] Layers and broiler breeders differ in their adaptability to low-protein diets. Low-protein diets are less effective in laying hens because egg production is the primary goal of laying hens, and protein and amino acids are key factors in protein synthesis and egg production. Insufficient protein intake can lead to decreased egg production and reduced egg quality. Conversely, low-protein diets may be more effective in overweight white broiler breeders. White broilers are primarily characterized by rapid growth and muscle gain. Excessive protein intake can lead to rapid weight gain, which can lead to a series of health problems such as fatty liver, leg deformities, and cardiovascular disease, primarily affecting the performance of offspring. A properly balanced electrolyte content helps birds maintain normal water and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, carbohydrate metabolism, and nerve conduction, ensuring they receive essential nutrients and maintain health and high production performance under specific circumstances. Therefore, using low-protein diets in white broiler breeders can effectively overcome these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a low-protein diet for improving the egg-laying performance of white-feathered broiler breeders and the production performance of their offspring and its application.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a low-protein diet for improving the egg-laying performance of white-feathered broiler breeders and the production performance of their offspring, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 67-72 parts of corn, 12-14 parts of soybean meal, 1-3 parts of corn gluten meal, 7.35-7.5 parts of rock powder, 0.90-0.93 parts of soybean oil, 0.18-0.25 parts of salt, 0.30 parts of broiler breeder complex minerals, 0.035 parts of broiler breeder complex vitamins, 0.36-0.45 parts of potassium sulfate, 1. 90-2.15 parts, sodium bicarbonate 0.27-0.32 parts, DL-methionine 0.12-0.16 parts, L-threonine 0.08-0.15 parts, L-tryptophan 0.02-0.04 parts, L-lysine sulfate 0.03-0.09 parts, L-arginine 0.06-0.15 parts, L-isoleucine 0.02-0.10 parts, L-valine 0.05-0.10 parts, choline chloride 50% 0.15-0.16 parts, antioxidant 0.03 parts, phytase 0.016 parts.

[0007] Preferably, the low-protein diet comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 72.197 parts of corn, 13.20 parts of soybean meal, 1.869 parts of corn gluten meal, 7.35 parts of stone powder, 0.90 parts of soybean oil, 2.15 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.18 parts of salt, 0.30 parts of broiler breeder complex minerals, 0.035 parts of broiler breeder complex vitamins, 0.45 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.32 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 0.16 parts of DL-methionine, 0.145 parts of L-threonine, 0.04 parts of L-tryptophan, 0.09 parts of L-lysine sulfate, 0.07 parts of cystine, 0.152 parts of L-arginine, 0.10 parts of L-isoleucine, 0.09 parts of L-valine, 0.156 parts of choline chloride 50%, 0.03 parts of antioxidants, and 0.016 parts of phytase.

[0008] Furthermore, the mass ratio of each trace element in the broiler breeder composite mineral is: Cu:Zn:Fe:Mn:Se:I=8:75:80:100:0.15:0.35.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass ratio of each vitamin in the broiler breeder multivitamin is: vitamin A: vitamin D3: vitamin E: vitamin K3: vitamin B1: vitamin B2: vitamin B6: vitamin B12: pantothenic acid: niacin: folic acid: biotin = 4.5mg: 0.9mg: 0.00675mg: 3mg: 3mg: 8mg: 6mg: 0.03mg: 17.64mg: 44mg: 17.64mg: 0.15mg.

[0010] Furthermore, the phytase is a thermostable phytase, and the enzyme activity unit is above 5000 U / g, preferably 5000-10000 U / g.

[0011] Furthermore, the antioxidant is butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and a chelate.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides application of the low-protein diet in breeding white-feathered broiler breeders.

[0013] The age of white-feathered broiler breeders is used as the basis for classification. Different diets are fed according to different ages. Specifically:

[0014] 1) 0-21 days of age, free access to early broiler diet;

[0015] 2) 22-42 days of age, free access to mid-term broiler diet;

[0016] 3) 43-105 days of age, ad libitum access to late broiler diet;

[0017] 4) From 15 to 40 weeks of age, restrict feeding to conventional broiler breeder feed;

[0018] 5) From 41 weeks of age to the late egg-laying period, the chicks were fed the low-protein diet.

[0019] Furthermore, the late egg-laying period is 42 to 47 weeks of age.

[0020] One of the technical principles of the present invention: Low-protein diet technology is to adjust the nutritional composition of feed by reducing the protein content in the formula. However, low-protein diets may lead to an imbalance between essential and non-essential amino acids. In low-protein diets, the intake of essential amino acids may be insufficient, affecting the growth, production and health of poultry. In order to make up for this deficiency, suitable essential amino acids, such as lysine, methionine and arginine, can be added to low-protein diets to maintain amino acid balance and ensure normal growth and production of poultry. In addition, it is also necessary to supplement low-protein diets with an appropriate amount of non-essential amino acids, because some non-essential amino acids may have similar effects to essential amino acids under specific conditions. For example, the synthesis of collagen requires a large amount of cystine and alanine.

[0021] Therefore, the application of low-protein diet technology will help adjust the protein content of the feed for the new white-feathered, fast-growing, large-broiler breeder chickens, avoid nutritional excess, and maintain amino acid balance by adding essential and appropriate amounts of non-essential amino acids, thereby improving the growth, production, and health of poultry. This improvement will effectively resolve the problem of relying on foreign formulas and standards, achieve independent innovation in the application technology of the new white-feathered, fast-growing, large-broiler breeder chickens, and promote the development and progress of my country's breeding industry.

[0022] The second technical principle of this invention: Optimizing low-protein diet technology and considering electrolyte supplementation

[0023] The main shortcoming of the low-protein diet technology currently used in my country is that it prevents poultry from fully absorbing and utilizing the supplemented crystalline amino acids, limiting protein synthesis and thus failing to meet the feeding standards of a normal protein diet. Therefore, we have made improvements based on the use of low-protein diet technology to address this shortcoming.

[0024] If a low-protein diet is supplemented with too many amino acids, more electrolytes will be needed to participate in the absorption of amino acids in the intestine. During the protein digestion process, amino acids need to rely on the "sodium-potassium pump" for transportation, which involves sodium, potassium, chloride and other ions. Therefore, in a low-protein diet, it is particularly important to maintain a proper electrolyte balance. The importance of electrolytes is reflected in the following aspects:

[0025] Maintaining a stable intestinal environment: Electrolytes help maintain a stable intestinal environment and ensure the normal absorption of amino acids. Sodium, potassium, and chloride ions maintain the potential difference across the intestinal cell membrane, facilitating the active transport of amino acids.

[0026] Promote amino acid absorption: Amino acids supplemented in low-protein diets require sufficient electrolytes to support their absorption. Electrolytes and amino acids work together in the intestinal absorption process, helping to more effectively absorb amino acids and meet the growth and development needs of poultry.

[0027] Improve intestinal health: Proper electrolyte balance helps improve intestinal health and reduce the risk of diarrhea. Maintaining a good intestinal environment is particularly important for improving amino acid utilization.

[0028] Reducing adverse reactions to amino acids: Supplementing too much amino acid in a low-protein diet may lead to an increase in amino acid metabolites, triggering some adverse reactions. Appropriate electrolyte supplementation can alleviate these adverse reactions and help poultry better adapt to low-protein diets.

[0029] Therefore, by optimizing low-protein diet technology and rationally considering electrolyte supplementation, the problem of nutritional overload in white-feathered broiler breeders has been successfully resolved, ensuring sufficient absorption and utilization of supplemented crystalline amino acids, thereby improving protein synthesis and meeting the feeding standards of a normal protein diet. This improvement will contribute to independent innovation in the application technology of new white-feathered, fast-growing, large-scale broiler breeders and promote the development and progress of my country's livestock farming industry.

[0030] The third technical principle of the present invention: Comprehensive consideration of maternal nutrition and the supply of functional amino acids

[0031] Blindly reducing the nutrient content of egg white in broiler breeders can lead to nutritional imbalance in broiler breeders, impairing protein deposition in the eggs, and ultimately leading to stunted growth and development in the offspring, affecting market weight and causing significant economic losses. Overnutrition in broiler breeders can also lead to excessive fat deposition in offspring, impairing growth performance. Therefore, we are implementing low-protein diets alongside a maternal nutrition perspective. Excess nutrients can be transferred to offspring through the egg yolk, impacting growth, immune function, and muscle quality.

[0032] Low-protein diet technology reduces nitrogen emissions and feed costs by lowering the protein content in feed. A properly formulated low-protein diet can reduce the burden on the hens' kidneys, lowering the risk of reproductive problems and improving the performance of their offspring. When using low-protein diet technology, various amino acids also play a crucial role in protein synthesis, becoming "functional amino acids." These amino acids, such as methionine and arginine, play a crucial role in promoting muscle development and energy utilization in offspring.

[0033] Therefore, when using low-protein diets, we prioritize the requirement for these functional amino acids, comprehensively considering both maternal nutrition and the supply of functional amino acids, thereby improving the production performance of future generations of commercial broilers. By rationally balancing the supply of protein and functional amino acids, we can effectively avoid nutritional imbalances and overnutrition, improve the growth and production performance of future generations of commercial broilers, and reduce economic losses. This improvement is of great significance and practical value in addressing the problems caused by blindly reducing the nutritional level of egg white in broiler breeders.

[0034] By means of the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0035] (1) Reduce feed costs and improve economic benefits: This low-protein diet technology can reduce the formula by 0.13 yuan per kilogram (the price of feed raw materials is calculated based on April 2023), saving 130 yuan per ton, and reducing the soybean meal usage by 2.1 percentage points, thereby reducing the cost of feed.

[0036] (2) Improved egg production performance of white-feathered broiler breeder chickens: The low-protein diet group significantly improved the average egg production rate over the entire period (P<0.01). Specifically, using this low-protein diet formula for seven weeks can increase egg production by 1.68%. For example, in a medium-sized breeding industry, a chicken house can accommodate 20,000 broiler breeder chickens. After using this low-protein diet technology, 336 more eggs can be produced per day. At the same time, the feed-to-egg ratio was reduced by 0.02, and egg production was increased under the condition of limiting feed intake. This low-protein diet technology improves egg production performance while reducing feed costs, achieving the goal of reducing costs and increasing efficiency, and improving economic benefits.

[0037] (3) It improved the lipid metabolism of white-feathered broiler breeders, alleviated the symptoms of fatty liver, and had no negative impact on reproductive performance.

[0038] (4) Significantly improved the production performance and organ index of white-feathered broiler offspring, and increased the offspring's market weight. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 The low-protein diet technology in the preferred embodiment of the present invention can significantly improve the egg-laying performance of Ward 188 broiler breeders.

[0040] Figure 2 The low-protein diet technology in the preferred embodiment of the present invention can significantly alleviate the fatty liver symptoms of Ward 188 broiler breeders.

[0041] Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low-protein diet technology has no negative impact on reproductive performance.

[0042] Figure 4The low-protein diet technology in the preferred embodiment of the present invention increases the diameter of the muscle fibers of offspring broiler chickens.

[0043] Figure 5 The low-protein diet technology in the preferred embodiment of the present invention increases the offspring's slaughter weight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention provides a low-protein diet for improving the egg-laying performance of white-feathered broiler breeders and the production performance of their offspring. The low-protein diet comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 67-72 parts of corn, 12-14 parts of soybean meal, 1-3 parts of corn gluten powder, 7.35-7.5 parts of stone powder, 0.90-0.93 parts of soybean oil, 0.18-0.25 parts of salt, 0.30 parts of broiler breeder composite minerals, 0.035 parts of broiler breeder composite vitamins, 0.36-0.45 parts of potassium sulfate, and 1.90-2.15 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate. , 0.27-0.32 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 0.12-0.16 parts of DL-methionine, 0.08-0.15 parts of L-threonine, 0.02-0.04 parts of L-tryptophan, 0.03-0.09 parts of L-lysine sulfate, 0.06-0.15 parts of L-arginine, 0.02-0.10 parts of L-isoleucine, 0.05-0.10 parts of L-valine, 0.15-0.16 parts of choline chloride 50%, 0.03 parts of antioxidant, and 0.016 parts of phytase.

[0045] Preferably, the low-protein diet comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 72.197 parts of corn, 13.20 parts of soybean meal, 1.869 parts of corn gluten meal, 7.35 parts of stone powder, 0.90 parts of soybean oil, 2.15 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.18 parts of salt, 0.30 parts of broiler breeder complex minerals, 0.035 parts of broiler breeder complex vitamins, 0.45 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.32 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 0.16 parts of DL-methionine, 0.145 parts of L-threonine, 0.04 parts of L-tryptophan, 0.09 parts of L-lysine sulfate, 0.07 parts of cystine, 0.152 parts of L-arginine, 0.10 parts of L-isoleucine, 0.09 parts of L-valine, 0.156 parts of choline chloride 50%, 0.03 parts of antioxidants, and 0.016 parts of phytase.

[0046] Furthermore, the mass ratio of each trace element in the broiler breeder composite mineral is: Cu:Zn:Fe:Mn:Se:I=8:75:80:100:0.15:0.35.

[0047] Furthermore, the mass ratio of each vitamin in the broiler breeder multivitamin is: vitamin A: vitamin D3: vitamin E: vitamin K3: vitamin B1: vitamin B2: vitamin B6: vitamin B12: pantothenic acid: niacin: folic acid: biotin = 4.5mg: 0.9mg: 0.00675mg: 3mg: 3mg: 8mg: 6mg: 0.03mg: 17.64mg: 44mg: 17.64mg: 0.15mg.

[0048] Furthermore, the phytase is a thermostable phytase, and the enzyme activity unit is above 5000 U / g, preferably 5000-10000 U / g.

[0049] The present invention also provides a method for improving the egg-laying performance of white-feathered broiler breeders and the production performance of their offspring, wherein the white-feathered broiler breeders are divided based on their age, and different diets are fed to the breeders at different ages, specifically:

[0050] 1) 0-21 days of age, free access to early broiler diet;

[0051] 2) 22-42 days of age, free access to mid-term broiler diet;

[0052] 3) 43-105 days of age, ad libitum access to late broiler diet;

[0053] 4) From 15 to 40 weeks of age, restrict feeding to conventional broiler breeder feed;

[0054] 5) From 41 weeks of age to the late egg-laying period, the chicks were fed the low-protein diet.

[0055] Furthermore, the late egg-laying period is 42 to 47 weeks of age.

[0056] One of the key ingredients of the low-protein diet of the present invention is the supplementation of calcium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, and lysine sulfate, which can provide K, Na, SO4 2-ion-rich feed ingredients, thereby replenishing electrolyte components and achieving electrolyte balance. Since the primary approach to achieving low-protein diets is to reduce the amount of soybean meal included, which leads to a significant decrease in potassium content and, consequently, a significant reduction in the electrolyte balance coefficient, Van Emas (2017) significantly reduced the amount of soybean meal included to achieve a dietary crude protein content of 11.5%. This adjustment resulted in a potassium content of 5.3 g / kg and a DEB coefficient of 150 mEq / kg. In contrast, Dos Santos (2011) compared two diets containing 150 and 180 mEq / kg of electrolytes in broiler breeders aged 55 to 66 weeks. The results showed a significant decrease in egg production in the 150 mEq / kg electrolyte group. Recently, Halley (2016) reported that Ross 708 broiler breeders fed diets containing 180 and 205 mEq / kg of electrolytes had significantly higher egg production rates than those fed 160 mEq / kg. The electrolyte balance coefficient of the control group in this study was 187.4, which is within the optimal range. However, the electrolyte balance index of the low-protein diet group reached 193.4 after electrolyte supplementation, which is consistent with the values. Therefore, one of the key components of this low-protein diet formulation is the alteration of the electrolyte balance coefficient.

[0057] The second key ingredient: The simultaneous consideration of essential and non-essential amino acids. The key difference between low-protein diets and conventional protein diets is that when dietary protein is reduced, the importance of limiting amino acids becomes more pronounced as the protein content decreases. In this case, non-essential amino acids, such as glycine and glutamate, may become limiting amino acids and therefore require supplementation. This low-protein diet formula, while reducing protein and replenishing the missing essential amino acids, also adds valine, filling the gap in amino acid imbalance.

[0058] The low-protein diet of the present invention is used for large white-feathered, fast-growing broiler breeder hens, whose main purpose is to produce fertilized eggs. Due to the breed problem, restricted feeding is required to prevent excessive weight and fat from reducing egg production.

[0059] The low-protein diet of this invention is not suitable for other chicken breeds. First, this diet formula is based on the 2021 edition of the Arbor Acres Plus Parent Broiler Breeder Nutritional Requirements Manual. White-feathered, fast-growing, large broiler breeders are characterized by their rapid growth rate and large size (the average weight of a 41-week-old laying hen is 2 kg, and the average weight of a white-feathered broiler breeder is 4.5 kg). Therefore, the energy level required is much higher than that of other chicken breeds. If this diet formula is used on other chicken breeds, it will lead to problems such as overnutrition.

[0060] In the application field of new white-feathered fast-growing large-scale broiler breeders, my country's white-feathered broiler breeders such as Shengze 901 and Ward 188 have recently successfully broken through the technical bottleneck in breeding, but the nutritional standards and feed formulas are still modeled after foreign standards. Therefore, this low-protein diet formula is optimized in many aspects under foreign nutritional standards, and has a good improvement effect on the egg-laying performance, reproductive performance of broiler breeders and the production performance of offspring commercial broilers. It is a breakthrough method to solve the nutritional problems of my country's white-feathered fast-growing large-scale broiler breeders.

[0061] This invention is specifically formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of white-feathered broiler breeders (parent-generation white-feathered broiler breeders), filling a gap in nutritional formula and standardization in this field in my country. By reducing feed costs, this invention increases egg production and hatchability in white-feathered broiler breeders, and improves the production and slaughter performance of offspring white-feathered broiler chickens.

[0062] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the raw materials used are all commercially available products.

[0063] The broiler breeder composite minerals and broiler breeder composite vitamins used in the following examples were purchased from Beijing Zhongnong Youjia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0064] Phytase (thermostable phytase) with an activity unit of about 10,000 U / g was purchased from Beijing Zhongnong Youjia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0065] The antioxidant was chlorpyrifos, which was purchased from Beijing Zhongnong Youjia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0066] Early broiler diet, mid-term broiler diet, late broiler diet and conventional broiler breeder feed were purchased from Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Co., Ltd.

[0067] Example 1 Method for improving egg production performance of white-feathered broiler breeders and their offspring production performance

[0068] In this example, 480 41-week-old, late-laying, white-feathered, fast-growing large-scale broiler breeders (Ward 188 broiler breeders) with similar body weight (average body weight of 4.4 kg) and uniform egg production were selected and housed in conventional stepped cages in a closed henhouse, with 2 chickens per cage. The 480 chickens were randomly divided into two treatment groups: a 15% crude protein group (fed with protein at normal nutritional requirements, the control group) and a 13% low protein group (based on a 2% reduction in crude protein based on normal protein nutritional requirements, the experimental group), with 8 replicates per group and 30 chickens per replicate. Eggs were collected daily and egg production was recorded.

[0069] Fertilized eggs were collected at the end of the experiment, and the fertilization rate and healthy chick rate were recorded during the incubation period. After hatching, 320 chicks (mixed male and female chicks) were selected and randomly divided into two treatment groups according to the breeder treatment: a control group (15%) and a low-protein group (13%). The two groups were fed the same diet, and the average body weight was recorded at the end of the experiment.

[0070] Dietary formulations should be based on the 2021 edition of the Arbor Acres Plus Parent Broiler Breeder Nutrient Requirements Manual. A scientific amino acid balance should be used: While reducing protein content, focus on the ratio of essential and non-essential amino acids. A scientific amino acid balance helps improve protein utilization, reduce nitrogen emissions, and minimize environmental pollution. Electrolytes play a key role in low-protein diets, significantly impacting protein digestion and absorption and chicken performance. In low-protein diets, attention should be paid to the supplementation of key electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and chloride. Appropriate electrolyte supplementation helps maintain physiological balance in broiler breeders, improves amino acid absorption efficiency, reduces stress on birds adapting to low-protein diets, and enhances egg production. Furthermore, dietary sodium, chloride, and potassium levels should be controlled within appropriate ranges by adding salt, potassium sulfate, lysine sulfate, and choline chloride supplements. This helps adjust the electrolyte content in the feed to maintain an electrolyte balance of 192.5 to 200 mEq / kg. Proper electrolyte balance improves the nutritional value of low-protein diets and promotes egg production and offspring performance in broiler breeders.

[0071] The preparation method of the low-protein diet for improving the egg-laying performance of white-feathered broiler breeder hens and the production performance of their offspring provided in this embodiment is as follows: each component is quantitatively weighed in proportion, and broiler breeder trace elements, choline chloride, potassium sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, L-lysine sulfate, DL-methionine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, cystine, L-arginine, L-isoleucine, broiler breeder multivitamins, antioxidants, and phytase are first uniformly mixed to form a small batch; then the mixed small batch is uniformly mixed with other raw materials to obtain a finished raw material mixture.

[0072] The overall feed formula is shown in Table 1:

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] The age of white-feathered broiler breeders is used as the basis for classification. Different diets are fed according to different ages. Specifically:

[0077] 1) From 0 to 21 days of age, the experimental and control groups were fed with the early broiler diet ad libitum;

[0078] 2) From 22 to 42 days of age, the experimental and control groups were fed with a mid-term broiler diet ad libitum;

[0079] 3) From 43 to 105 days of age, the experimental and control groups were fed ad libitum a late broiler diet;

[0080] 4) At 15 to 40 weeks of age, the experimental and control groups were restricted in feeding conventional broiler breeder feed; the experimental and control groups were fed conventional broiler breeder feed;

[0081] 5) From 41 to 47 weeks of age, the experimental group was fed a low-protein diet containing 13% protein, and the control group was fed a diet containing 15% crude protein.

[0082] After 7 weeks of feeding, the following analyses were performed on the white-feathered broiler breeders in the experimental and control groups:

[0083] 1. Reduce feed costs and improve economic benefits. This low-protein diet technology can reduce the formula price by 0.13 yuan per kilogram (based on feed raw material prices in April 2023), saving 130 yuan per ton, and reducing soybean meal usage by 2.1 percentage points, thereby reducing feed costs.

[0084] 2. Improved egg production performance. The 13% low-protein diet group significantly improved the average egg production rate of the entire period (P<0.01). Specifically, using this low-protein diet formula for seven weeks can increase the egg production rate by 1.68%. For example, a chicken house in a medium-sized breeding industry can accommodate 20,000 broiler breeders. After using this low-protein diet technology, 336 more breeding eggs can be produced every day. At the same time, the feed-to-egg ratio is reduced by 0.02, and egg production is increased under the condition of limiting feed intake. This low-protein diet technology improves egg production performance while reducing feed costs, achieving the goal of reducing costs and increasing efficiency, and improving economic benefits ( Figure 1 ).

[0085] 3. Improved lipid metabolism and alleviated the symptoms of fatty liver. By using low-protein diet technology, the symptoms of fatty liver in broiler breeders can be significantly alleviated, and the color changes from yellow to red. Through the observation of liver tissue morphology, it can be found that the number and size of lipid droplets (vacuoles) are significantly reduced, which further illustrates that low-protein diet plays an important role in improving overnutrition. Figure 2 ).

[0086] 4. No negative impact on reproductive performance: The 13% low-protein diet group did not change the fertilization rate and chick rate of broiler breeders compared to the control group (P>0.05). This result shows that the low-protein diet formula meets the nutritional needs of broiler breeders and does not affect reproductive tract health and egg nutrition. Combined with the results of average egg production, it proves that this formula can achieve the purpose of improving economic benefits by increasing average egg production and not affecting egg hatching. Figure 3 ).

[0087] 5. Significantly improved the production performance and organ indexes of offspring: Compared with the control group, the low-protein diet group did not significantly improve the feed intake of offspring broiler chickens (male and female mixed), but significantly reduced the feed-to-weight ratio from 1 to 42 days of age (P<0.01, Table 2). This shows that feeding broiler breeders a low-protein diet can significantly improve the feed conversion rate of offspring broiler chickens, thereby increasing average body weight and meat production.

[0088] Table 2 Low-protein diet technology can significantly improve the production performance of offspring from 1 to 42 days old

[0089]

[0090] Note: Different superscript letters in the same column indicate significant differences.

[0091] Compared with the control group, the low-protein diet group had a significant improvement effect on the organ indexes of offspring broiler chickens (mixed male and female), mainly significantly increasing the relative weight and relative length of the duodenum, the relative weight of the jejunum (P<0.01, Table 3), and a trend of increasing the relative length of the ileum (P<0.1). This shows that this feed formula has a significant effect on improving the intestinal development of offspring broiler chickens, improving the ability to absorb nutrients, and thus promoting production performance. At the same time, the results showed that the low-protein diet group significantly reduced the relative weight of the spleen (P<0.01), which preliminarily indicates that this low-protein diet formula has no stimulating effect on the humoral immunity of the offspring, so that the energy taken in by broiler chickens is mainly used for growth, development and meat production.

[0092] Table 3 Low-protein diet technology can significantly improve the organ indexes of broiler offspring at 42 days of age

[0093]

[0094] Note: Different superscript letters in the same column indicate significant differences.

[0095] 6. Increased offspring weight at market: The 13% low-protein diet group significantly increased the diameter and density of breast muscle fibers in 42-day-old broilers compared to the control group. The muscle fibers in the low-protein diet group were closely arranged in the field of vision ( Figure 4 There was no significant change in the average body weight of the mixed male and female offspring at 42 days of age (P>0.05, Figure 5 ), but the specific values were 2578g and 2631g, respectively, an increase of 53g. Based on a 20,000-bird house, this translates to a profit of 1060kg per day. This result suggests that this low-protein diet formula promotes the production performance of the offspring.

[0096] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made based on the present invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements, which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. Application of a low-protein diet for improving egg-laying performance of white-feathered broiler breeders and the production performance of their offspring in breeding white-feathered broiler breeders, characterized in that: The age of white-feathered broiler breeders is used as the basis for classification. Different diets are fed according to different ages. Specifically: 1) 0-21 days of age, free access to early broiler diet; 2) 22-42 days of age, free access to mid-term broiler diet; 3) 43-105 days of age, ad libitum access to a late broiler diet; 4) From 15 to 40 weeks of age, restrict feeding of conventional broiler breeder feed; 5) From 41 weeks of age to the late egg-laying period, feed the low-protein diet; The low-protein diet is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 72.197 parts of corn, 13.20 parts of soybean meal, 1.869 parts of corn gluten meal, 7.35 parts of stone powder, 0.90 parts of soybean oil, 0.18 parts of salt, 0.30 parts of broiler breeder complex minerals, 0.035 parts of broiler breeder complex vitamins, 0.45 parts of potassium sulfate, 2.15 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.32 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 0.16 parts of DL-methionine, 0.145 parts of L-threonine, 0.04 parts of L-tryptophan, 0.09 parts of L-lysine sulfate, 0.07 parts of cystine, 0.152 parts of L-arginine, 0.10 parts of L-isoleucine, 0.09 parts of L-valine, 0.156 parts of choline chloride 50%, 0.03 parts of antioxidants, and 0.016 parts of phytase.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of each trace element in the broiler breeder composite mineral is: Cu:Zn:Fe:Mn:Se:I=8:75:80:100:0.15:0.

35.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of each vitamin in the broiler breeder multivitamin is: vitamin A: vitamin D3: vitamin E: vitamin K3: vitamin B1: vitamin B2: vitamin B6: vitamin B12: pantothenic acid: niacin: folic acid: biotin = 4.5mg: 0.9mg: 0.00675mg: 3mg: 3mg: 8mg: 6mg: 0.03mg: 17.64mg: 44mg: 17.64mg: 0.15mg.

4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The phytase is a thermostable phytase with an enzyme activity unit of 5000-10000 U / g.

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