A lateral restraint system for a scale model arch beam test

Abstract

A lateral fixing constraint system for arch beam scale model test, comprising: an arch beam scale model, two arch beam scale model side sticking plates, a plurality of gears, a plurality of gear engagement plates, a plurality of fixed connecting rods, a plurality of fixed supports, a plurality of fixed tracks, two fixed plates and a plurality of connecting components. The patent has the advantages of clear force transmission path and low cost, and can truly simulate the real stress of the arch beam in the arch dam structure, thereby enhancing the reliability of the test results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of scaled-down model testing of arch dam structures in hydraulic engineering, specifically to a lateral fixed constraint system for scaled-down model testing of arch ring beams. Background Technology

[0002] my country's water and hydropower resources are mostly concentrated in high dams and large reservoirs. These large and medium-sized water conservancy projects, as important national infrastructure, play a vital role in economic development and maintaining social stability. Arch dams are an extremely important type of water-retaining structure in water conservancy projects. With the increasing emphasis placed on water conservancy facilities by the state in recent years, research on arch dam structures has also attracted growing attention.

[0003] Scaled-down model tests of arch dams are currently one of the main methods for studying the structural safety performance of arch dams. The results provide important reference and value for analyzing and evaluating the structural safety performance of arch dams. However, scaled-down model tests of arch dams are costly, which limits their widespread implementation. Therefore, a representative part of the arch dam structure is selected, such as the arch ring beam at a certain elevation (e.g.,...). Figure 10 As shown in the figure, conducting scaled-down model tests of arch ring beams is an important direction in the current research on scaled-down model tests of arch dam structures. However, existing scaled-down model test studies of arch ring beams have not considered the direct interaction (bending moment, pressure, shear force, etc.) between adjacent arch ring beams on the actual arch ring beam. Therefore, there is still much room for improvement in reflecting the true stress performance of the arch ring beam structure, and the reliability of the test results also needs to be further improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lateral fixing constraint system for a scaled-down arch beam model that has a clear force transmission path, low cost, and can realistically simulate the actual mechanical action exerted by adjacent arch beams on an arch dam structure. This system is used to solve the problem that existing scaled-down arch beam model tests do not consider the application of lateral fixing constraints, which leads to the inability to fully reflect the actual stress situation of the arch dam structure.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows: a lateral fixed constraint system for a scaled-down model test of an arch beam, comprising: a scaled-down model of an arch beam, two side-mounted plates of the scaled-down model of the arch beam, several gears, several gear meshing plates, several fixed connecting rods, several fixed supports, several fixed tracks, two fixed plates, and several connecting components.

[0006] The side-mounted plates of the two scaled-down arch beam models are located on both sides of the scaled-down arch beam model.

[0007] The two arch beam scale model side fitting plates have several equidistant grooves on the side away from the arch beam scale model, and the grooves are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the arch beam scale model.

[0008] The gear has a circular hole in the thickness direction.

[0009] The gear meshes with the gear meshing plate.

[0010] The gear meshing plate is embedded in the groove of the side fitting plate of the scaled-down arch beam model.

[0011] The fixed connecting rod includes two iron pipes, one of which has symmetrically arranged through holes.

[0012] One end of the fixed connecting rod without a through hole is connected to the circular hole of the gear, and the other end is connected to the iron pipe with a through hole by bolts.

[0013] The fixed support is an arch-shaped iron plate welded from three rectangular iron plates and a semi-circular iron block. The semi-circular iron block at the top has a through hole in the center for inserting a fixed connecting rod.

[0014] The two rectangular plates opposite each other of the fixed support are symmetrical about the center line of the base plate, and are provided with through holes corresponding to the through holes of the fixed connecting rod.

[0015] The base plate of the fixed support is provided with connection holes.

[0016] The through hole of the fixed support is connected to the through hole of the fixed connecting rod by a pin and bolt. The fixed support is located on the fixed track.

[0017] The two fixing plates are located on both sides of the scaled-down model of the arch beam.

[0018] The fixing plate is provided with several fixing tracks corresponding to the grooves on the side of the arch beam scale model.

[0019] The connecting component is located on the side of the fixed track away from the fixed support.

[0020] The connecting component connects the fixed support and the fixed plate through the connecting holes in the base plate of the fixed support.

[0021] When the constraint system is in use, the upstream side of the scaled-down arch beam model faces upward and bears the load. Side plates of the two scaled-down arch beam models simulate the stress on the arch beam.

[0022] Furthermore, the fixing plate is made of a high-density material.

[0023] Furthermore, the connecting components include bolts and pins.

[0024] Furthermore, the fixed support can slide along a fixed track.

[0025] The technical effects of this invention are undeniable. Compared with the prior art, the lateral fixed constraint system proposed in this patent for scaled model testing of arch ring beams in hydraulic engineering arch dam structures has the following advantages:

[0026] 1) The side bonding plate that fits closely to the scaled-down model of the arch ring beam can avoid stress concentration, while realistically restoring the force transmission effect of the "contact surface", and can observe the failure mode of the side of the arch ring model.

[0027] 2) The gear set embedded in the side bonding plate of the scaled-down model of the arch beam can transmit bending moment, and the existing technology has not been able to solve this problem.

[0028] 3) The number of teeth on a single gear is not too small, which can protect the gear and avoid stress concentration on the contact surface;

[0029] 4) The use of the lateral fixing constraint system of the arch beam scale model provided by this invention patent determines that the arch beam scale model test adopts the "vertical" loading method of applying "hydrostatic pressure" vertically. This allows for simultaneous observation of the crack development process and failure mode on the "upper" and "lower" surfaces of the arch, overcoming the defect that the traditional "lying" arch model test can only observe the failure process on one side.

[0030] 5) The "vertical" arch beam model test can use its own weight to pre-apply the load, reducing the requirements for jacks;

[0031] 6) The materials used in the lateral fixing constraint system for the arch beam proposed in this invention patent, including the side bonding plate (including gear meshing plate), gear, iron pipe, fixed support, fixing plate and connecting parts, are all readily available and low-cost raw materials.

[0032] Overall, the lateral fixed constraint system proposed in this invention for scaled model tests of arch ring beams in hydraulic dam structures has a clear design concept, a well-defined force transmission path, and low material costs. It can realistically simulate the actual stress conditions of the arch ring beam in the dam structure, such as the pressure and support force perpendicular to the contact surface applied by adjacent arch ring beams, and the bending moment pointing upstream, thereby enhancing the reliability of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a front view at a 45° angle of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a side view of a scaled-down model of an arch beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a detailed connection diagram of the gear, gear meshing plate, and fixed connecting rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a detailed diagram showing the connection between the fixed connecting rod, fixed support, and fixed plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a detailed drawing of the fixing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effects of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Scaled-down model of the arch beam; 2. Side fitting plate of the scaled-down model of the arch beam; 3. Gear; 4. Gear meshing plate; 5. Fixed connecting rod; 6. Fixed support; 7. Fixed track; 8. Fixed plate; 9. Connecting component. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Various substitutions and modifications made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] See Figures 1 to 9 A lateral fixing constraint system for testing scaled-down arch beam models includes: a scaled-down arch beam model 1, two side-mounted plates 2 for the scaled-down arch beam model, several gears 3, several gear meshing plates 4, several fixed connecting rods 5, several fixed supports 6, several fixed tracks 7, two fixing plates 8, and several connecting components 9.

[0047] The scaled-down arch beam model 1 is obtained by demolding and curing the scaled-down arch beam model mold at a certain elevation of the actual hydraulic arch dam structure, which is made of microparticle concrete.

[0048] The two side-mounted plates 2 of the arch beam scale model are located on both sides of the arch beam scale model 1. The side-mounted plates 2 of the arch beam scale model are made of a material that is easy to mold or cut and has a certain degree of hardness. They are arranged to fit tightly along the entire side of the arch beam scale model 1, and positions are reserved for embedding gear meshing plates 4.

[0049] The two arch beam scale model side fitting plates 2 are provided with several equidistant grooves on the side away from the arch beam scale model 1, and the grooves are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the arch beam scale model 1.

[0050] The number of teeth on the gear 3 must not be too few, and the gear 3 has a circular hole in the thickness direction.

[0051] The gear 3 meshes with the gear meshing plate 4.

[0052] The gear meshing plate 4 is made of the same material as the side bonding plate 2 of the arch beam scale model, and the gear meshing plate 4 is embedded in the groove of the side bonding plate 2 of the arch beam scale model.

[0053] The fixed connecting rod 5 includes two iron pipes, one of which has symmetrically arranged through holes.

[0054] One end of the fixed connecting rod 5 without a through hole is connected to the circular hole of the gear 3, and the other end is connected to the iron pipe with a through hole by bolts.

[0055] The fixed support 6 is an arch-shaped iron plate welded from three rectangular iron plates and a semi-circular iron block. The semi-circular iron block at the top has a through hole in the center for inserting the fixed connecting rod 5.

[0056] The two rectangular plates opposite each other of the fixed support 6 are symmetrical about the center line of the base plate, and their outer edges are aligned with the outer edges of the base plate in the width direction. They are provided with through holes corresponding to the through holes of the fixed connecting rod 5.

[0057] The base plate of the fixed support 6 is provided with a connection hole.

[0058] After the fixed connecting rod 5 is inserted between the two arch-shaped iron blocks of the fixed support 6, an iron rod with a diameter slightly smaller than the round hole on the arch-shaped iron block is used as a pin to pass through the round hole on the arch-shaped iron block and the iron rod, and is fixed with bolts, thereby connecting them into a whole.

[0059] The through hole of the fixed support 6 is connected to the through hole of the fixed connecting rod 5 by a pin and bolt. The fixed support 6 is located on the fixed track 7.

[0060] The fixed track 7 is a slender hole that runs through the entire thickness of the fixed plate 8 and has a width slightly larger than the diameter of the connecting component 9 that connects the fixed support 6 to the fixed plate 8.

[0061] The two fixing plates 8 are located on both sides of the arch beam scale model 1, and are arranged symmetrically about the arch beam scale model 1.

[0062] The fixing plate 8 is provided with several fixing tracks 7 corresponding to the grooves of the side fitting plate 2 of the arch beam scale model.

[0063] The connecting component 9 is located on the side of the fixed track 7 away from the fixed support 6.

[0064] The connecting component 9 connects the fixed support 6 and the fixed plate 8 through the connecting hole in the bottom plate of the fixed support 6.

[0065] When the constraint system is in use, the upstream side of the scaled-down arch beam model 1 faces upward and bears the load. The side plates 2 of the two scaled-down arch beam models simulate the stress on the arch beam.

[0066] The fixing plate 8 is made of a high-density material, including concrete. Fixed rails 7 are installed on it at certain intervals, the number of which is the same as the number of single-sided gears 3 in the scaled-down arch beam model 1.

[0067] The connecting component 9 includes bolts and pins.

[0068] The fixed support 6 can slide along the fixed track 7.

[0069] Before the test, the fixed support 6 should be slid along the fixed track 7 to a suitable initial position.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] See Figures 1 to 9 A lateral fixing constraint system for testing scaled-down arch beam models includes: a scaled-down arch beam model 1, two side-mounted plates 2 for the scaled-down arch beam model, several gears 3, several gear meshing plates 4, several fixed connecting rods 5, several fixed supports 6, several fixed tracks 7, two fixing plates 8, and several connecting components 9.

[0072] The scaled-down arch beam model 1 is obtained by demolding and curing the scaled-down arch beam model mold at a certain elevation of the actual hydraulic arch dam structure, which is made of microparticle concrete.

[0073] The two side-mounted plates 2 of the arch beam scale model are located on both sides of the arch beam scale model 1. The side-mounted plates 2 of the arch beam scale model are made of a material that is easy to mold or cut and has a certain degree of hardness. They are arranged to fit tightly along the entire side of the arch beam scale model 1, and positions are reserved for embedding gear meshing plates 4.

[0074] The two arch beam scale model side fitting plates 2 are provided with several equidistant grooves on the side away from the arch beam scale model 1, and the grooves are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the arch beam scale model 1.

[0075] The number of teeth on the gear 3 must not be too few, and the gear 3 has a circular hole in the thickness direction.

[0076] The gear 3 meshes with the gear meshing plate 4.

[0077] The gear meshing plate 4 is made of the same material as the side bonding plate 2 of the arch beam scale model, and the gear meshing plate 4 is embedded in the groove of the side bonding plate 2 of the arch beam scale model.

[0078] The fixed connecting rod 5 includes two iron pipes, one of which has symmetrically arranged through holes.

[0079] One end of the fixed connecting rod 5 without a through hole is connected to the circular hole of the gear 3, and the other end is connected to the iron pipe with a through hole by bolts.

[0080] The fixed support 6 is an arch-shaped iron plate welded from three rectangular iron plates and a semi-circular iron block. The semi-circular iron block at the top has a through hole in the center for inserting the fixed connecting rod 5.

[0081] The two rectangular plates opposite each other of the fixed support 6 are symmetrical about the center line of the base plate, and their outer edges are aligned with the outer edges of the base plate in the width direction. They are provided with through holes corresponding to the through holes of the fixed connecting rod 5.

[0082] The base plate of the fixed support 6 is provided with a connection hole.

[0083] After the fixed connecting rod 5 is inserted between the two arch-shaped iron blocks of the fixed support 6, an iron rod with a diameter slightly smaller than the round hole on the arch-shaped iron block is used as a pin to pass through the round hole on the arch-shaped iron block and the iron rod, and is fixed with bolts, thereby connecting them into a whole.

[0084] The through hole of the fixed support 6 is connected to the through hole of the fixed connecting rod 5 by a pin and bolt. The fixed support 6 is located on the fixed track 7.

[0085] The fixed track 7 is a slender hole that runs through the entire thickness of the fixed plate 8 and has a width slightly larger than the diameter of the connecting component 9 that connects the fixed support 6 to the fixed plate 8.

[0086] The two fixing plates 8 are located on both sides of the arch beam scale model 1, and are arranged symmetrically about the arch beam scale model 1.

[0087] The fixing plate 8 is provided with several fixing tracks 7 corresponding to the grooves of the side fitting plate 2 of the arch beam scale model.

[0088] The connecting component 9 is located on the side of the fixed track 7 away from the fixed support 6.

[0089] The connecting component 9 connects the fixed support 6 and the fixed plate 8 through the connecting hole in the bottom plate of the fixed support 6.

[0090] When the constraint system is in use, the upstream side of the scaled-down arch beam model 1 faces upward and bears the load. The side plates 2 of the two scaled-down arch beam models simulate the stress on the arch beam.

[0091] Example 3:

[0092] A lateral fixation constraint system for scaled-down model tests of arch beams, the main structure of which is shown in Example 2, wherein the fixing plate 8 is made of a high-density material, including concrete. Microparticle concrete is prepared by mixing water, cement, and fine sand (with a continuous gradation of 0.16-5mm), with a mix proportion (mass ratio) of "water:cement:fine sand = 1.2:1:5".

[0093] Fixed tracks 7 are provided on it at certain intervals, and the number of fixed tracks 7 is the same as the number of single-sided gears 3 in the scaled-down model 1 of the arch beam.

[0094] Example 4:

[0095] A lateral fixing constraint system for scaled-down model tests of arch beams, the main structure of which is shown in Embodiment 2, wherein the connecting component 9 includes bolts and pins.

[0096] Example 5:

[0097] A lateral fixed constraint system for scaled-down model tests of arch beams, the main structure of which is shown in Embodiment 2, wherein the fixed support 6 can slide along the fixed track 7.

[0098] Before the test, the fixed support 6 should be slid along the fixed track 7 to a suitable initial position.

[0099] Example 6:

[0100] See Figures 1 to 9 A lateral fixing constraint system for testing a scaled-down model of an arch beam includes a scaled-down model of the arch beam 1, a side-mounted plate of the scaled-down model of the arch beam 2, a gear 3, a gear meshing plate 4, a fixed connecting rod 5, a fixed support 6, a fixed track 7, a fixing plate 8, and a connecting component 9.

[0101] The scaled-down arch beam model 1 is obtained by demolding and curing the scaled-down arch beam model mold at a certain elevation of the actual hydraulic arch dam structure, which is made of microparticle concrete.

[0102] The side-mounted plate 2 of the arch beam scale model is made of a material that is easy to mold or cut and has a certain degree of hardness. It is arranged to fit tightly along the entire side of the arch beam scale model 1, and a position is reserved for embedding the gear meshing plate 4.

[0103] The number of teeth in the gear 3 must not be too few, and a circular hole is provided in the thickness direction.

[0104] The gear meshing plate 4 is made of the same material as the side bonding plate 2 of the arch beam scale model and can fully mesh with the gear 3. It is set on one side of the arch beam scale model 1 in an appropriate number and at a suitable spacing, and is arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the arch beam scale model 1.

[0105] The fixed connecting rod 5 is composed of two iron pipes connected by bolts. One of the iron pipes has symmetrically arranged through holes at one end, and the end of the iron pipe without holes is connected to the circular hole of the gear 3, while the other end is connected to the end of the iron pipe without holes.

[0106] The fixed support 6 is made by welding two rectangular iron plates and a semi-circular iron block to form an arch-shaped iron plate, which is then vertically welded to another rectangular iron plate. The two arch-shaped iron plates are symmetrical about the center line of the rectangular iron plates, and their outer edges are aligned with the outer edges of the rectangular iron plates in the width direction. Each arch-shaped iron plate has a through hole at its center.

[0107] After the fixed connecting rod 5 is inserted between the two arch-shaped iron blocks of the fixed support 6, an iron rod with a diameter slightly smaller than the round hole on the arch-shaped iron block is used as a pin to pass through the round hole on the arch-shaped iron block and the iron rod, and is fixed with bolts, thereby connecting them into a whole.

[0108] The fixed track 7 is a slender hole that runs through the entire thickness of the fixed plate 8 and has a width slightly larger than the diameter of the connecting component 9 that connects the fixed support 6 to the fixed plate 8.

[0109] The fixed support 6 and the fixed plate 8 are connected and tightened by bolts and pins via the fixed rail 7 and connecting component 9.

[0110] The fixing plate 8 is made of high density material such as concrete, and fixed rails 7 are provided on it at certain intervals. The number of fixed rails 7 is the same as the number of single-sided gears 3 in the scaled-down model 1 of the arch beam.

[0111] A fixing plate 8 is placed on each of the two sides of the arch beam scale model 1, and the two plates are arranged symmetrically about the arch beam scale model 1.

[0112] Before the test, the fixed support 6 should be slid along the fixed track 7 to a suitable initial position.

[0113] Advantages of the invention patent: The advantages of this invention patent are that the force transmission path is clear and the cost is low. It can realistically simulate the actual stress of the arch ring beam in the arch dam structure, thereby enhancing the reliability of the test results.

[0114] Example 7:

[0115] See Figures 1 to 9 A lateral fixing constraint system for testing a scaled-down model of an arch beam includes a scaled-down arch beam model 1, a side-mounted plate 2 for the arch beam model, a gear 3, a gear meshing plate 4, a fixed connecting rod 5, a fixed support 6, a fixed track 7, a fixing plate 8, and connecting components (bolts, pins, etc.) 9.

[0116] In this embodiment, the arch ring beam structure at an elevation of 150m in a proposed high arch dam project is selected as the research object. The geometric scale ratio λ between the scaled-down model and the prototype arch ring is 100. The geometric dimensions of this scaled-down arch ring beam model example are shown in the appendix. Figure 6 .

[0117] In this embodiment, micro-particle concrete is prepared by mixing water, cement, and fine sand (with a continuous gradation of 0.16-5mm). The mix proportion (mass ratio) of the micro-particle concrete is "water: cement: fine sand = 1.2:1:5".

[0118] In this embodiment, micro-particle concrete is poured into the mold of the scaled-down arch beam model, and after demolding and curing, the scaled-down arch beam model 1 is obtained.

[0119] In this embodiment, acrylic sheets are selected as the material for the side bonding plate 2 and the gear meshing plate 4 of the scaled-down arch beam model. The gear meshing plates 4 need to be prepared before the side bonding plates 2 are in place, and their number is the same as the number of gears 3, and they can fully mesh with the gears 3.

[0120] In this embodiment, a single gear 3 has a diameter of 15cm and a thickness of 3cm, and a circular hole with a diameter of 2cm is provided along the thickness direction of the gear. The number of gears is 13 on each side of the scaled-down model 1 of the arch beam.

[0121] In this embodiment, the side bonding plate 2 material is pasted along the entire side of the arch beam scale model 1, with a bonding thickness of 10cm, and the excess is trimmed off. During this process, positions are reserved for embedding the prepared gear meshing plate 4. The gear meshing plates are arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the arch and at appropriate intervals, with an embedding depth of 5cm.

[0122] In this embodiment, the fixed connecting rod 5 consists of two iron pipes with a diameter of 2cm. One of the iron pipes has a symmetrical through hole with a diameter of 1.5cm on one end surface. One end of the iron pipe without the hole is connected to the gear, and the other end is connected to the iron pipe with the hole by a bolt.

[0123] In this embodiment, two rectangular iron plates, each 2cm thick and 6cm (length) × 4cm (width), are welded together with a semi-circular iron block of 6cm diameter to form an arch-shaped iron plate. This arch-shaped iron plate is then vertically welded onto a rectangular iron plate of 6cm (length) × 6cm (width). The two arch-shaped iron plates are symmetrical about the center line of the rectangular iron plate, with their outer edges aligned with the outer edges of the rectangular iron plate in the width direction. Each arch-shaped iron plate has a through hole of 1.5cm diameter at its center, thus forming a fixed support 6.

[0124] In this embodiment, after aligning the pre-set through hole of the fixed connecting rod 5 with the pre-set through holes of the two arch-shaped iron blocks in the previous step fixed support 6, an iron rod with a diameter of 1.5cm is used as a connecting component 9 to pass through it and is tightened with bolts, thereby connecting them into a whole.

[0125] In this embodiment, a fixed plate 8, made of concrete, is used to completely cover the entire scaled-down arch beam model 1. Vertical, 2cm wide, narrow holes are carved into the plate at regular intervals to serve as fixed tracks 7. Fixed supports 6 are connected to the fixed plate 8 via bolts, pins, or other connecting components 9 passing through the fixed tracks 7. The number of fixed tracks 7 on each fixed plate 8 is the same as the number of fixed supports 6. One fixed plate 8 is placed on each of the two sides of the scaled-down arch beam model 1, arranged symmetrically.

[0126] In this embodiment, the fixed support 6 is adjusted to slide along the fixed track 7 until it reaches the appropriate initial position.

[0127] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The lateral fixed constraint system for scaled-down model tests of arch ring beams proposed in this invention has a clear design concept, a well-defined force transmission path, and low material costs. It can realistically simulate the actual interactions between the arch ring beam and the adjacent arch ring beam in the arch dam structure, including the pressure and support force perpendicular to the contact surface and the bending moment pointing upstream, thereby enhancing the reliability of the test results. Specifically:

[0128] 1) The side bonding plate that fits closely to the scaled-down model of the arch ring beam can avoid stress concentration, while realistically restoring the force transmission effect of the "contact surface", and can observe the failure mode of the side of the arch ring model.

[0129] 2) The gear set embedded in the side bonding plate of the scaled-down model of the arch beam can transmit bending moment, and the existing technology has not been able to solve this problem.

[0130] 3) The number of teeth on a single gear is not too small, which can protect the gear and avoid stress concentration on the contact surface;

[0131] 4) The use of the lateral fixing constraint system of the arch beam scaled model proposed in this invention patent enables the arch beam scaled model test to adopt the "vertical" loading method of applying "hydrostatic pressure" vertically. This allows for simultaneous observation of the crack development process and failure mode on the "upper" and "lower" surfaces of the arch, overcoming the defect of the traditional "lying" arch model test that can only observe the failure process on one side.

[0132] 5) The "vertical" arch beam model test can use its own weight to pre-apply the load, reducing the requirements for jacks;

[0133] 6) The lateral fixing constraint system for the arch beam proposed in this invention patent includes side bonding plates (including gear meshing plates), gears, fixed connecting rods, fixed supports, fixing plates, and connecting components, all of which are made of readily available and low-cost materials.

[0134] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lateral fixation constraint system for scaled-down model tests of arch beams, characterized in that, include: Arch beam scale model (1), two arch beam scale model side fitting plates (2), several gears (3), several gear meshing plates (4), several fixed connecting rods (5), several fixed supports (6), several fixed tracks (7), two fixed plates (8), and several connecting parts (9). The two side-mounted plates (2) of the scaled-down arch beam model are located on both sides of the scaled-down arch beam model (1); The two arch beam scale model side fitting plates (2) are provided with several equally spaced grooves on the side away from the arch beam scale model (1), and the grooves are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the arch beam scale model (1). The gear (3) has a circular hole in the thickness direction; The gear (3) meshes with the gear meshing plate (4); The gear meshing plate (4) is embedded in the groove of the side fitting plate (2) of the arch beam scale model; The fixed connecting rod (5) includes two iron pipes, one of which has symmetrically arranged through holes; One end of the fixed connecting rod (5) without a through hole is connected to the circular hole of the gear (3), and the other end is connected to the iron pipe with a through hole by bolts. The fixed support (6) is an arch-shaped iron plate welded from three rectangular iron plates and a semi-circular iron block. The semi-circular iron block at the top has a through hole in the center for inserting a fixed connecting rod (5). The two rectangular plates opposite to the fixed support (6) are symmetrical about the center line of the base plate, and are provided with through round holes corresponding to the through holes of the fixed connecting rod (5); The base plate of the fixed support (6) is provided with a connecting hole; The through hole of the fixed support (6) is connected to the through hole of the fixed connecting rod (5) by means of a pin and a bolt; the fixed support (6) is located on the fixed track (7); The two fixing plates (8) are located on both sides of the scaled-down model (1) of the arch beam; The fixing plate (8) is provided with several fixing tracks (7) corresponding to the grooves of the side fitting plate (2) of the arch beam scale model; The connecting component (9) is located on the side of the fixed track (7) away from the fixed support (6); The connecting component (9) connects the fixed support (6) and the fixed plate (8) through the connecting hole of the base plate of the fixed support (6); When the constraint system is in use, the upstream side of the scaled arch beam model (1) faces upward and bears the load; the side plates (2) of the two scaled arch beam models simulate the force on the arch beam.

2. The lateral fixation constraint system for scaled-down model tests of arch beams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing plate (8) is made of high density material.

3. The lateral fixation constraint system for scaled-down model tests of arch beams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting component (9) includes bolts and pins.

4. The lateral fixation constraint system for scaled-down model tests of arch beams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed support (6) can slide along the fixed track (7).

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