A special spindle for electrochemical machining

Abstract

The application discloses a special spindle for electrochemical machining, which comprises an electric spindle and a spindle seat for mounting the electric spindle, and is characterized in that an integrated bearing end cover is fixedly installed at the upper end of the right cavity of the spindle seat, electrolyte flows into the central through hole of the electric spindle through the inner cavity of the integrated bearing end cover, a centering nut sleeve is installed at the lower end of the output shaft, a T-shaped tube electrode is installed in the centering nut sleeve, the centering nut sleeve aligns and compresses the T-shaped tube electrode with the center of the electric spindle, there is a gap between the output shaft and the inner wall of the right cavity, and a through hole for injecting mercury into the gap is arranged on the side wall of the right cavity. The special spindle cancels the rotary pipe joint and uses a common pipe joint, reduces the failure rate of the equipment, cancels the elastic clamp and uses the centering nut sleeve and the T-shaped tube electrode structure to ensure the sealing property under the high-pressure all-night state, cancels the conductive slip ring and uses the mercury medium to conduct electricity, improves the conductivity and working speed, and greatly improves the process research depth of the electrochemical machining under specific conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the special spindle for electrochemical machining, and particularly relates to a special spindle for electrochemical machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] Electrochemical machining relies on the flow of electrolyte between the workpiece anode and the tool cathode to promote the dissolution of the workpiece surface material. The existing electrospindle equipment involves rotation, conduction, liquid passage and high temperature problems. In electrochemical machining, a conductive slip ring, a rotating pipe joint and an elastic chuck are needed to work. The equipment has many components, high failure rate and high cost. Moreover, the electrospindle adopts a conductive slip ring for conduction, which can only be applied to low-speed working environment, thereby restricting the exploration of the process of the workpiece in the high-speed working environment required by electrochemical machining. Long-time high-temperature operation of the motor causes the motor winding to overheat, affects the service life of the motor bearing, and even causes the motor to fail. SUMMARY

[0003] The application cancels the rotating pipe joint, adopts a concave sealing ring in the integrated bearing end cover, reduces the electrolyte pressure loss, uses a common pipe joint to input the electrolyte, reduces the failure rate of the equipment and reduces the cost of the equipment, cancels the elastic chuck, uses a centering nut sleeve and a T-shaped tube electrode structure, improves the sealing of the cathode and the electrospindle under high pressure, cancels the conductive slip ring, uses mercury medium conduction, improves the conductivity and working speed, greatly improves the process research depth of electrochemical machining under specific conditions, and proposes a sealed gas-cooled motor cover structure to avoid the long-time high-temperature operation of the motor, which causes the motor winding to overheat, affects the service life of the motor bearing, and even causes the motor to fail.

[0004] The technical scheme disclosed by the application is as follows: a special spindle for electrochemical machining, comprising a spindle seat and a spindle seat on which the electrospindle is installed, the spindle seat containing left and right side cavities, the upper and lower ends of the right side cavity being open, the output shaft being in rotational sealing cooperation with the upper and lower ends of the right side cavity, the upper end of the right side cavity being fixedly installed with an integrated bearing end cover, the integrated bearing end cover being fixedly installed with a liquid passage pipe joint, the integrated bearing end cover being installed with a concave sealing ring inside, the electrolyte flowing into the center through hole of the electrospindle through the inner cavity of the integrated bearing end cover, the lower end of the output shaft being installed with a centering nut sleeve, the centering nut sleeve being installed with a T-shaped tube electrode inside, the centering nut sleeve aligning and pressing the T-shaped tube electrode with the center of the electrospindle, the output shaft and the inner wall of the right side cavity having a gap, and the side wall of the right side cavity being provided with a through hole for injecting mercury into the gap.

[0005] On the basis of the above scheme, as a preferred, the integrated bearing end cover is provided with an internal thread hole at the center of the top, and the internal thread hole is threadedly connected with the liquid passage pipe joint.

[0006] On the basis of the above scheme, as preferred, the lower end of the motorized spindle is externally threaded and connected with the centering nut sleeve, the T-shaped tube electrode is installed in the centering nut sleeve, and the centering nut sleeve aligns and presses the T-shaped tube electrode with the motorized spindle.

[0007] On the basis of the above scheme, as preferred, the through hole is connected with a transfusion tube.

[0008] On the basis of the above scheme, as preferred, the spindle base further has a left cavity, the upper end of the left cavity is open, the left cavity and the right cavity are communicated through a communication cavity, a motor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the left cavity, the motor is drivingly connected with a power gear shaft, the power gear shaft is rotatably matched with the inner wall of the left cavity through a left upper sealing bearing and a left lower sealing bearing, the upper and lower sealing bearings are correspondingly located at the upper and lower sides of the communication cavity, and the power gear shaft is drivingly connected with the motorized spindle.

[0009] On the basis of the above scheme, as preferred, the motor and the power gear shaft are connected through a shaft coupling.

[0010] On the basis of the above scheme, as preferred, the power gear shaft has a main groove, the motorized spindle has a secondary groove, and the main groove and the secondary groove are connected through a synchronous belt.

[0011] On the basis of the above scheme, as preferred, a motor cover is fixedly installed above the left cavity, the motor cover has threaded adapters at two sides, and the threaded adapters are connected with an air pump.

[0012] On the basis of the above scheme, as preferred, the two ends of the motorized spindle are rotatably matched with the inner wall of the right cavity through a right upper sealing bearing and a right lower sealing bearing, and the right upper and lower sealing bearings are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the communication cavity.

[0013] On the basis of the above scheme, as preferred, the left upper and lower sealing bearings and the right upper and lower sealing bearings are ceramic sealing bearings.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The present application provides a motorized spindle special for electrochemical machining, which is based on specific occasions of electrochemical machining, fully considers the functional requirements of rotation, conduction and liquid transmission, designs an overall motorized spindle simplified machining system, and improves machining reliability and reduces equipment cost.

[0016] The patent proposes a special spindle for electrochemical machining, which cancels the rotary pipe joint, adopts a concave sealing ring in the integrated bearing end cover (usually in electrochemical machining, the input pressure of electrolyte is large, and the electrolyte is easy to form mist, the upper end diameter of the motor shaft is 30mm, the diameter of the integrated bearing end cover is 58mm, the gap between the motor shaft and the integrated bearing end cover is large, and the ordinary sealing ring will cause the pressure loss of electrolyte), reduces the pressure loss of electrolyte, and uses ordinary pipe joint to input electrolyte, reduces the failure rate of equipment and reduces the cost of equipment;

[0017] The patent proposes a special spindle for electrochemical machining, which cancels the elastic chuck, and uses a centering nut sleeve and a T-shaped tube electrode structure, which improves the sealing performance of the cathode and the motor shaft under high pressure.

[0018] The patent proposes a special spindle for electrochemical machining, which cancels the conductive slip ring and uses mercury medium conductive, which improves the conductivity and working speed, and greatly improves the process research depth of electrochemical machining under certain conditions.

[0019] The patent proposes a special spindle for electrochemical machining, which proposes a sealed gas-cooled motor cover structure to ensure that the motor does not decline in performance under high temperature during long-term operation.

[0020] The patent proposes a special spindle for electrochemical machining, which designs a sealing structure, optimizes the materials of core components, uses ceramic sealing bearings, stainless steel shell and epoxy resin end cover, avoids metal shaft corrosion, and greatly improves the corrosion resistance and service life of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the motor and the power gear shaft;

[0024] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the motor shaft;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the motor shaft and the power gear shaft;

[0026] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the spindle holder;

[0027] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the motor cover.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Left lower sealed bearing, 2-Bearing end cover 1, 3-Coupling, 4-Motor, 5-Power gear shaft, 6-Liquid inlet pipe connector, 7-Integrated bearing end cover, 8-Sealing ring, 9-Electric spindle, 10-Right lower sealed bearing, 11-Left upper sealed bearing, 12-L-shaped connecting plate, 13-Spindle seat, 14-Synchronous belt, 15-Threaded adapter, 16-Air outlet, 17-Motor cover, 18-Centering nut sleeve, 19-Infusion pipe, 20-T-type tube electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0030] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a special spindle for chemical processing includes an electric spindle 9 and a spindle seat 13 for mounting the electric spindle. The spindle seat has two L-shaped connecting plates 12 that are fixed to the spindle seat with screws for mounting the entire special spindle.

[0031] The spindle housing has a right-side cavity for accommodating the electric spindle. The upper and lower ends of the right-side cavity are open, and the lower end of the electric spindle extends out of the right-side cavity. The electric spindle and the upper and lower ends of the right-side cavity are in a rotating sealed fit. An integral bearing end cover 7 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the right-side cavity. A liquid pipe connector is fixedly installed on the integral bearing end cover, and the liquid pipe connector is connected to the central through hole of the electric spindle.

[0032] The one-piece bearing end cap has an internal threaded hole at the center of the top, and the internal threaded hole is threaded to connect to the liquid pipe connector 6.

[0033] An integrated bearing end cap with an internally recessed sealing ring 8 is installed on the upper end of the electric spindle.

[0034] The lower end of the electric spindle is connected to the centering nut sleeve by the external thread. The centering nut sleeve 18 fixes and seals the T-shaped tube electrode 20 in contact with the electric spindle.

[0035] There is a gap between the electric spindle and the inner wall of the right cavity. The side wall of the right cavity is provided with a through hole for injecting mercury into the gap. The through hole is connected by an infusion tube 19.

[0036] The main shaft seat further has a left cavity, the upper end of the left cavity is an opening, the left cavity and the right cavity are communicated through a communication cavity, the upper end of the left cavity is fixedly installed with a motor 4, the motor is drivingly connected with a power gear shaft 5, the power gear shaft is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the left cavity through a left upper sealing bearing 11 and a left lower sealing bearing 1, the upper sealing bearing and the lower sealing bearing are correspondingly located at the upper side and the lower side of the communication cavity, and the power gear shaft is drivingly connected with the motor shaft.

[0037] The motor and the power gear shaft are connected through a shaft coupling 3.

[0038] The power gear shaft has a main groove, the motor shaft has a secondary groove, and the main groove and the secondary groove are connected through a synchronous belt 14.

[0039] The left cavity is fixedly installed with a motor cover 17 above, the upper end of the motor cover has an air outlet 16, the two sides of the motor cover have threaded adapters 15, and the threaded adapters are connected with air pumps.

[0040] The two ends of the motor shaft are rotatably connected with the inner wall of the right cavity through a right upper sealing bearing and a right lower sealing bearing 10, and the right upper sealing bearing and the right lower sealing bearing are respectively located at the upper side and the lower side of the communication cavity.

[0041] The left upper sealing bearing, the left lower sealing bearing, the right upper sealing bearing and the right lower sealing bearing are ceramic sealing bearings.

[0042] The upper end of the left cavity and the upper and lower ends of the right cavity are fixedly installed with bearing end covers 2, the material of the bearing end cover is an epoxy resin end cover, which avoids the electric corrosion of the metal shaft and greatly improves the corrosion resistance and service life of the device.

[0043] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can also be considered within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrochemical machining dedicated spindle comprising an electric spindle and a spindle base in which the electric spindle is installed, characterized by, The main shaft seat contains left and right cavities, the upper and lower ends of the right cavity are open, the motor shaft is in rotational sealing fit between the upper and lower ends of the right cavity, the integral bearing end cover is fixedly installed at the upper end of the right cavity, the liquid passage connector is fixedly installed on the integral bearing end cover, the concave sealing ring is installed in the integral bearing end cover, the electrolyte flows into the central through hole of the motor shaft through the inner cavity of the integral bearing end cover, the centering nut sleeve is installed at the lower end of the motor shaft, the T-shaped tube electrode is installed in the centering nut sleeve, the centering nut sleeve aligns and presses the T-shaped tube electrode with the center of the motor shaft, the motor shaft has a gap between the inner wall of the right cavity, the through hole for injecting mercury into the gap is arranged on the side wall of the right cavity, The upper end of the left cavity is open, the left cavity and the right cavity are communicated through the communication cavity, the motor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the left cavity, the motor is in transmission connection with the power gear shaft, the power gear shaft is in rotational fit with the inner wall of the left cavity through the left upper sealing bearing and the left lower sealing bearing, the upper sealing bearing and the lower sealing bearing are correspondingly located at the upper and lower sides of the communication cavity, the power gear shaft is in transmission connection with the motor shaft, The motor cover is fixedly installed above the left cavity, the motor cover has threaded adapters at two sides, and the threaded adapters are connected with the air pump, The outer thread at the lower end of the motor shaft is connected with the centering nut sleeve, the T-shaped tube electrode is installed in the centering nut sleeve, and the centering nut sleeve aligns and presses the T-shaped tube electrode with the center of the motor shaft, The motor shaft is in rotational fit with the inner wall of the right cavity through the right upper sealing bearing and the right lower sealing bearing, and the right upper sealing bearing and the right lower sealing bearing are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the communication cavity, The left upper sealing bearing, the left lower sealing bearing, the right upper sealing bearing and the right lower sealing bearing are ceramic sealing bearings.

2. The electrochemical machining dedicated spindle according to claim 1, characterized by The integral bearing end cover has an inner threaded hole at the center of the top, and the inner threaded hole is in threaded connection with the liquid passage connector.

3. The chemical processing dedicated spindle of claim 1 wherein, The through hole is connected with the infusion tube.

4. The electrochemical machining dedicated spindle according to claim 1, characterized by The motor and the power gear shaft are connected through the shaft coupling.

5. The electrochemical machining dedicated spindle according to claim 1, characterized by The power gear shaft has a main groove, the motor shaft has a secondary groove, and the main groove and the secondary groove are connected through the synchronous belt.

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