Antenna and mobile terminal

Abstract

The application provides an antenna and a mobile terminal, the antenna comprising a first radiation unit, a second radiation unit, a third radiation unit and a fourth radiation unit, the first radiation unit being connected with the second radiation unit and the fourth radiation unit, the third radiation unit being connected with the second radiation unit, and the first radiation unit and the fourth radiation unit being connected to form a double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna; the second radiation unit comprising a first branch antenna, a second branch antenna, a feeding point and a grounding point, the feeding point, the grounding point, the first branch antenna and the second branch antenna being connected to form a balun loop structure, and the balun loop structure generating a coupling current; and the first radiation unit being symmetrically coupled with the third radiation unit. The antenna of the application can effectively solve the problem of narrow frequency band coverage of intelligent devices, and can simplify the antenna design, reduce the production cost, improve the radiation efficiency and speed up the positioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and a mobile terminal. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of smart devices, the arrival of 5G, and the demands of the public, the requirements for the network speed and stability of smart products are getting higher and higher. Frequency band coverage, signal strength and gain, as well as GPS positioning speed and accuracy play a key role.

[0003] Currently, traditional WiFi antennas suffer from poor GPS positioning in the upper hemisphere, slow positioning, and low accuracy. They also struggle to cover dual GPS / L1 / L5 networks, and their 2.4-5G WiFi performance does not meet operator standards. Furthermore, they are cumbersome to design and lack consistency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an antenna that can effectively solve the problem of narrow frequency band coverage of intelligent devices, and also simplifies antenna design, reduces production costs, increases radiation efficiency, and accelerates positioning speed.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an antenna comprising a first radiating element, a second radiating element, a third radiating element, and a fourth radiating element. The first radiating element is connected to the second and fourth radiating elements, and the third radiating element is connected to the second radiating element. The connection of the first and fourth radiating elements forms a double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna. The second radiating element comprises a first stub antenna, a second stub antenna, a feed point, and a ground point. The feed point, ground point, and the first and second stub antennas are connected to form a balun loop structure, which generates a coupling current. The first and third radiating elements are symmetrically coupled.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first radiating element includes a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, and a third radiating arm connected in sequence, and the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, and the third radiating arm are connected to form a semi-ring antenna.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fourth radiating element is connected to the first radiating arm to form the double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first stub antenna and the second stub antenna of the second radiating element are connected to form a semi-ring antenna.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first stub antenna is connected to the first radiating arm and is arranged in a Z shape, the second stub antenna is connected to the third radiating element and is arranged in an L shape.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feed point is electrically connected to the first stub antenna, and the grounding point is electrically connected to the second stub antenna.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the third radiating element includes a first antenna stub, a second antenna stub, and a third antenna stub, and the first antenna stub, the second antenna stub, and the third antenna stub are sequentially connected to form a semi-ring antenna symmetrically coupled to the first radiating element.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the phase difference between the first radiating element and the fourth radiating element is 90°, and the lengths of the radiating arms of the first radiating element and the fourth radiating element are both integer multiples of a quarter wavelength.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the radiating arm of the fourth radiating unit is interconnected with the first radiating unit to form two resonances: GPS and WiFi.

[0014] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mobile terminal for better application of the aforementioned antenna.

[0015] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal including the aforementioned antenna.

[0016] This invention provides an antenna comprising a first radiating element, a second radiating element, a third radiating element, and a fourth radiating element. The first radiating element is connected to the second and fourth radiating elements, and the third radiating element is connected to the second radiating element, forming a dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna. The second radiating element includes a first stub antenna, a second stub antenna, a feed point, and a ground point. The feed point, ground point, and the first and second stub antennas are connected to form a balun loop structure, which generates a coupling current. The first and third radiating elements are symmetrically coupled. This antenna effectively solves the problem of narrow frequency band coverage for intelligent devices, simplifies antenna design, reduces production costs, increases radiation efficiency, and improves positioning speed. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 The diagram shows the simulation results of the antenna of this invention.

[0019] The labels in the accompanying drawings are explained as follows:

[0020] First radiating element 100, first radiating arm 101, second radiating arm 102, third radiating arm 103

[0021] Second radiating element 200, first stub antenna 201, second stub antenna 202, feed point 203, grounding point 204

[0022] Third radiating element 300, first antenna stub 301, second antenna stub 302, third antenna stub 303.

[0023] Fourth radiation unit 400. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The high-frequency antenna and mobile terminal proposed in this invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of this invention. Furthermore, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of the actual structure. In particular, different figures may emphasize different aspects and sometimes use different scales.

[0025] This invention provides an antenna that can be used in mobile terminals, such as mobile phones, tablets, or laptops.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna includes a first radiating element 100, a second radiating element 200, a third radiating element 300, and a fourth radiating element 400. The first radiating element 100 is connected to the second radiating element 200 and the fourth radiating element 400, and the third radiating element 300 is connected to the second radiating element 200. The connection of the first radiating element 100 and the fourth radiating element 400 forms a double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna. The second radiating element 200 includes a first stub antenna 201, a second stub antenna 202, a feed point 203, and a ground point 204. The feed point 203, the ground point 204, the first stub antenna 201, and the second stub antenna 202 are connected to form a balun loop structure, which generates a coupling current. The first radiating element 100 and the third radiating element 300 are symmetrically coupled.

[0027] With the continuous development of smart devices, especially as users' demands for mobile phones increase, the requirements for network speed and stability of smart products are also rising. Frequency band coverage, signal strength, gain, and GPS positioning speed and accuracy play a crucial role. The antenna of this invention can effectively solve the problem of poor frequency band coverage in smart devices. It not only broadens the antenna's coverage frequency band, but also features a simple and compact design, occupying less internal space in the mobile terminal, resulting in low production costs. Furthermore, it effectively improves the antenna's radiation efficiency and enhances its positioning speed.

[0028] Specifically, the first radiating element 100 includes a first radiating arm 101, a second radiating arm 102, and a third radiating arm 103 connected in sequence, forming a semi-loop antenna. The fourth radiating element 400 is connected to the first radiating arm 101 to form the dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna. The first stub antenna 201 and the second stub antenna 202 of the second radiating element 200 are connected to form a semi-loop antenna. The first stub antenna 201 is connected to the first radiating arm 101 and is Z-shaped. The second stub antenna 202 is connected to the third radiating element 300 and is L-shaped. The feed point 203 is electrically connected to the first stub antenna 201, and the ground point 204 is electrically connected to the second stub antenna 202.

[0029] Furthermore, the third radiating element 300 includes a first antenna stub 301, a second antenna stub 302, and a third antenna stub 303, and the first antenna stub 301, the second antenna stub 302, and the third antenna stub 303 are sequentially connected to form a semi-ring antenna symmetrically coupled to the first radiating element 100.

[0030] Specifically, the phase difference between the first radiating element 100 and the fourth radiating element 400 is 90°, and the lengths of the radiating arms of both the first and fourth radiating elements 100 and 400 are integer multiples of a quarter wavelength. A quarter wavelength refers to the antenna's highest transmission and reception conversion efficiency when the antenna length is one-quarter of the radio signal wavelength. The first radiating element 100 and the fourth radiating element 400 are parallel-mode coupled and separated. The radiating arm of the fourth radiating element 400 is interconnected with the first radiating element 100, forming two resonants for GPS and WiFi. Parallel-mode coupling and separation refers to the fact that before adding the center-line feed, there are no degenerate modes; only after adding the coupling element in the feed direction are degenerate modes generated, and the frequencies of these two degenerate modes are separated.

[0031] In other words, the first radiating unit 100 and the fourth radiating unit 400 form two resonants: GPS-2.4G L1 band and WiFi BT. The 2.4G band can be doubled to achieve 5G WiFi resonance. The second radiating unit 200 has a feed point 203 and a ground point 204, which form a U-shaped balun structure to complete the feed-to-ground loop. A coupling current is generated between the U-shaped balun loop formed by the first stub antenna 201 and the second stub antenna 202 of the second radiating unit 200. This current can be used as an adjustable capacitor. Changing the length of the first stub antenna 201 and the second stub antenna 202 can change the 2.4-5G bandwidth, significantly improving the overall radiation efficiency of the antenna. The third radiating unit 300 is symmetrically coupled to the first radiating unit 100, generating a GPS resonance with a carrier frequency of 1176.45MHz and coupling with each other, increasing the 5G bandwidth and resulting in a longer wavelength and less free-space attenuation in the L5 band. It can be seen that the high-frequency antenna of the present invention can support dual-mode L1 / L5 dual-frequency GPS, and can combine L1 / L5 dual-frequency antennas and perform ionospheric delay correction, thereby improving the overall carrier capability of the antenna, increasing the overall positioning speed and positioning accuracy of the antenna.

[0032] The refraction of electromagnetic waves by the ionosphere around the Earth alters the propagation speed of GPS signals; this change is called ionospheric delay. The effect of ionospheric refraction on electromagnetic waves is related to the frequency of the electromagnetic wave and the total electron content along its propagation path, therefore dual-frequency, dual-mode correction is employed.

[0033] The ionosphere is a layer in Earth's atmosphere, characterized by a large number of free electrons and ions. It has a significant impact on technologies such as radio communication, navigation, and satellite communication. Due to the instability and dynamic nature of the ionosphere, it affects the propagation of radio signals, thus requiring ionospheric delay correction to improve the accuracy and reliability of these technologies. Ionospheric delay correction involves studying and analyzing the characteristics of the ionosphere, establishing a mathematical model, calculating the delay of radio signals caused by the ionosphere, and taking corresponding measures to correct it, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of radio communication and navigation technologies. Ionospheric delay correction methods mainly include model building, data acquisition, data processing, and delay correction. Model building is the key step in ionospheric delay correction; its purpose is to study and analyze the characteristics of the ionosphere, establish a mathematical model, and calculate the delay of radio signals caused by the ionosphere. Commonly used ionospheric delay models include the global ionospheric model, the international ionospheric reference model, and the global ionospheric geomagnetic reference model. These models, based on the physical properties of the ionosphere and measured data, can predict ionospheric delays relatively accurately. Data acquisition aims to collect measured ionospheric data to verify the model's accuracy and reliability. Commonly used measured ionospheric data include ionospheric radiosonde data, GPS receiver data, and satellite signal data. This data can be collected through ionospheric radiosonde, GPS receivers, and satellite signal reception. Data processing aims to process and analyze the collected ionospheric data to calculate the ionospheric delay on radio signals. Common data processing methods include interpolation, fitting, and filtering. These methods can effectively process and analyze ionospheric data, improving the accuracy and reliability of ionospheric delay correction. Delay correction is the final step in ionospheric delay correction. Its purpose is to correct radio signals based on the calculated ionospheric delay value, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of radio communication and navigation technologies. Common delay correction methods include single-frequency correction, dual-frequency correction, and multi-frequency correction. These methods can correct signals to varying degrees based on different radio signal characteristics, improving the accuracy and reliability of radio communication and navigation technologies. In other words, the high-frequency antenna of this invention can support dual-mode L1 / L5 dual-frequency GPS and can be combined for ionospheric delay correction, thereby improving the overall carrier capability of the antenna, increasing the overall positioning speed and positioning accuracy.

[0034] This invention employs a dual-frequency, dual-mode correction method, improving the accuracy and reliability of technologies such as radio communication and navigation. By establishing an ionospheric delay model, collecting measured ionospheric data, processing the ionospheric data, and performing delay correction, the influence of the ionosphere on radio signals can be effectively reduced, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of technologies such as radio communication and navigation. Extensive experiments have yielded images... Figure 2 As shown, GPS resonance is good, antenna efficiency is high, and attenuation is particularly low in the upper hemisphere, reaching -3dB. Therefore, the antenna of this invention can achieve fast overall positioning speed and high point accuracy. Since the frequency of GPS L5 is 1176.45MHz, which is 5 times the frequency of GPS L1, its signal power reaching the ground is higher. The GPS L5 signal uses Newman-Huffman coding, which has strong autocorrelation characteristics, improving the receiver's ability to resist narrowband interference and improving data bit synchronization. The GPS L5 signal uses dual channels of data and pilot, and its pilot channel has no 180° ambiguity, thereby improving carrier recovery capability and realizing instantaneous carrier ambiguity resolution. Although the high code rate of GPS L5 is useful, why not use L5 directly? This is because the low code rate of GPS L1 is easier to acquire, and we cannot sacrifice positioning time while maintaining accuracy. Therefore, GPS L1 is also called coarse acquisition code. After the signal is acquired, GPS L5 can be used in the calculation. That is to say, GPS L1 is coarsely acquired first, and then GPS L5 is used in the fine calculation. Therefore, this application provides a dual-mode L1 / L5 dual-frequency GPS, which improves the overall carrier capability of the antenna, increases the overall positioning speed and positioning accuracy, and achieves the technical effect of high antenna efficiency and small upper hemisphere difference.

[0035] In summary, this invention provides an antenna comprising a first radiating element 100, a second radiating element 200, a third radiating element 300, and a fourth radiating element 400. The first radiating element 100 is connected to the second radiating element 200 and the fourth radiating element 400, and the third radiating element 300 is connected to the second radiating element 200. The connection of the first radiating element 100 and the fourth radiating element 400 forms a double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna. The second radiating element 200 includes a first stub antenna 201, a second stub antenna 202, a feed point 203, and a ground point 204. The feed point 203, the ground point 204, the first stub antenna 201, and the second stub antenna 202 are connected to form a balun loop structure, which generates a coupling current. The first radiating element 100 and the third radiating element 300 are symmetrically coupled. This invention's antenna effectively solves the problem of narrow frequency band coverage for intelligent devices, simplifies antenna design, reduces production costs, increases radiation efficiency, and provides fast positioning speed.

[0036] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. In addition, the different parts between embodiments can also be combined with each other, and this invention does not limit this.

[0037] The above description is merely a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna includes a first radiating element, a second radiating element, a third radiating element, and a fourth radiating element. The first radiating element is connected to the second and fourth radiating elements, and the third radiating element is connected to the second radiating element. The connection of the first and fourth radiating elements forms a dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna. The second radiating element includes a first stub antenna, a second stub antenna, a feed point, and a ground point. The feed point, ground point, and the first and second stub antennas are connected to form a balun loop structure, which generates a coupling current. The first and third radiating elements are symmetrically coupled. The first radiating element includes a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, and a third radiating arm connected in sequence. The connection of the first, second, and third radiating arms forms a semi-loop antenna. The fourth radiating element is connected to the first radiating arm to form the dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna. The first and second stub antennas of the second radiating element are connected to form a semi-loop antenna.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stub antenna is connected to the first radiating arm and is arranged in a Z shape. The second stub antenna is connected to the third radiating element and is arranged in an L shape.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed point is electrically connected to the first stub antenna, and the grounding point is electrically connected to the second stub antenna.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third radiating element includes a first antenna stub, a second antenna stub, and a third antenna stub, and the first antenna stub, the second antenna stub, and the third antenna stub are sequentially connected to form a semi-ring antenna that is symmetrically coupled to the first radiating element.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase difference between the first radiating element and the fourth radiating element is 90°, and the lengths of the radiating arms of the first radiating element and the fourth radiating element are both integer multiples of a quarter wavelength.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radiating arm of the fourth radiating unit is connected to the first radiating unit to form two resonances: GPS and WiFi.

7. A mobile terminal, characterized in that: The mobile terminal includes the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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