An elastic contact rolling mask electrolytic machining device and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an elastic contact rolling mask electrolytic machining device and a method for using the same, belonging to the field of electrolytic machining technology. The device comprises a connecting shaft, a compression spring, a bracket, a set screw, a conductive lead, a graphite mounting seat, a rotary fluid-passing joint, graphite, a hollow support shaft, a liquid baffle, a mask, a mounting seat, a workpiece, an adhesive tape, a cylindrical cathode, a rolling bearing, and a connecting rod. The device is characterized in that it uses a cylindrical cathode with liquid outlet holes distributed in a spiral pattern on the sidewall, which can ensure a continuous supply of electrolyte to the machining area and improve the machining efficiency of surface microstructures. The device can achieve machining of microstructures with different area ratios on planar and non-planar workpiece surfaces by reciprocating the cylindrical cathode on the mask surface, thus having good machining adaptability. The device regulates the pressing force between the cylindrical cathode and the mask surface by elastically deforming the compression spring, ensuring stable adhesion between the cylindrical cathode and the mask, and between the mask and the workpiece surface, and improving the machining quality of surface microstructures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an elastic contact type rolling mask electrolytic machining device and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of electrolytic machining. Background Art

[0002] Preparing microstructure arrays on metal surfaces can enable parts to obtain special surface properties, such as good friction reduction, heat dissipation, and wettability. These parts with special surface properties play an extremely important role in many fields such as aerospace, biomedicine, and electronic information. Microstructure preparation technology is an important guarantee for the performance of parts. In recent years, the preparation technology of metal surface microstructure arrays has been a research hotspot in the manufacturing field. Micro-electrolytic machining technology removes workpiece material in the form of ions. The cathode and workpiece are not in direct contact, no cutting force is generated, and the workpiece surface does not produce residual stress and micro defects caused by mechanical processing or hot melt processing. Due to the above advantages, micro-electrolytic machining technology has gradually been widely used in the field of micro-machining.

[0003] Micro-electrochemical machining (MEM) includes masked electrochemical machining (MEM), pulsed current electrochemical machining (PCEM), and jet electrochemical machining (JEM). Masked electrochemical machining (MEM) uses an insulating mask to mask the workpiece surface, making it particularly suitable for the efficient machining of large-area microstructures on metal workpiece surfaces. Researchers at home and abroad have conducted extensive research on mask preparation processes, mask-to-workpiece surface bonding, and improving flow field conditions. The mask preparation process overcomes the limitation of traditional photolithography masks that cannot be reused, and a laser mask preparation process has been proposed, which increases the service life and frequency of use of the mask. In terms of mask-to-workpiece surface bonding, flexible porous media and electrolyte fluid dynamic pressure have been introduced into masked electrochemical machining, promoting close adhesion between the mask and the workpiece surface and significantly reducing stray corrosion. In terms of improving flow field conditions, improvements have been made to the electrolyte flow pattern and the liquid medium, promoting electrolyte flow and improving the consistency of microstructure machining. However, it is worth noting that the mask electrochemical machining technology still has the following difficult problems: ① Most of them adopt a "face-to-face" processing method between the cathode surface and the workpiece surface. Changes in the workpiece surface require the setting of a corresponding tool cathode, which makes the mask electrochemical machining process less adaptable; ② In mask electrochemical machining, the mask and the workpiece surface adopt a flexible or rigid bonding method, but the bonding effect is often difficult to control and requires repeated corrections through experiments, resulting in a long mask electrochemical machining test cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] 1. In response to the shortcomings of current surface microstructure mask electrochemical processing technology, the present invention proposes an elastic contact rolling mask electrochemical processing device and its use method. By rolling a cylindrical cathode back and forth on the mask surface, microstructures with different area ratios on planar and non-planar workpiece surfaces can be processed. The pressing force between the cylindrical cathode and the mask surface is regulated by the elastic deformation of the compression spring, thereby improving the processing quality of the surface microstructure and shortening the test cycle.

[0005] 2. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: an elastic contact rolling mask electrolytic machining device, comprising a connecting shaft, a compression spring, a bracket, a tightening screw, a conductive lead, a graphite mounting seat, a rotary liquid joint, graphite, a hollow support shaft, a liquid baffle, a mask, a mounting seat, a workpiece, an adhesive tape, a cylindrical cathode, a rolling bearing, and a connecting rod, characterized in that: the upper end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the machine tool spindle, and the lower end of the connecting shaft is slidably connected to the upper end of the bracket through a cylindrical pin and a compression spring; a pair of rolling bearings are fixedly installed at the lower end of the bracket, and the inner ring of the rolling bearing is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the hollow support shaft so that the hollow support shaft can rotate; both sides of the bracket are fixedly connected to the graphite mounting seat by tightening screws, and the graphite arranged inside the graphite mounting seat maintains elastic contact with the hollow support shaft; the hollow support shaft and the cylindrical cathode with spirally distributed liquid outlet holes on the side wall are fixed together by threaded connection, and both sides of the hollow support shaft are fixedly connected to the rotary liquid joint; the mask is attached to the surface of the workpiece by adhesive tape, and the workpiece is fixedly connected to the mounting seat by tightening screws.

[0006] 3. The elastic contact rolling mask electrolytic processing device is provided with a liquid baffle above the cylindrical cathode. The upper end of the liquid baffle is fixedly connected to the bracket by a connecting rod and a set screw. The inner wall of the liquid baffle is clearance-fitted with the outer wall of the hollow support shaft and the side wall of the cylindrical cathode.

[0007] 4. The method of using the elastic contact rolling mask electrolytic machining device is as follows: the machine tool spindle drives the connecting shaft to move in the vertical direction, causing the compression spring to undergo controllable elastic deformation, thereby regulating the clamping force between the cylindrical cathode and the mask; the machine tool motion system drives the mounting seat to move in a plane, causing friction between the cylindrical cathode and the mask. Driven by the friction force, the cylindrical cathode rolls back and forth on the mask surface.

[0008] 5. The method of using the elastic contact rolling mask electrolytic machining device is that the electrolyte output by the electrolyte circulation filtration system flows into the interior of the hollow support shaft through the rotating liquid joint, and the electrolyte flowing inside the hollow support shaft flows through the liquid outlet hole opened on the side wall of the cylindrical cathode to the hollow area on the workpiece surface that is not covered by the mask.

[0009] 6. The method of using the elastic contact rolling mask electrolytic machining device is as follows: the graphite mounting seat is connected to the negative electrode of the machining power supply through a conductive lead, and the mounting seat is connected to the positive electrode of the machining power supply. The current is conducted to the machining area between the cylindrical cathode and the workpiece through the graphite and the hollow support shaft.

[0010] 7. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The liquid outlet holes on the side wall of the cylindrical cathode are distributed in a spiral line, which can ensure the continuous supply of electrolyte in the processing area and improve the processing efficiency of the surface microstructure; (2) The cylindrical cathode rolls back and forth on the mask surface, which can realize the processing of microstructures with different area ratios on the surface of planar and non-planar workpieces, and has good processing adaptability; (3) The clamping force between the cylindrical cathode and the mask surface is regulated by the elastic deformation of the compression spring, which can ensure the stable fit between the cylindrical cathode and the mask, and between the mask and the workpiece surface, and improve the surface microstructure processing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the contact-type rolling mask electrolytic machining device of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid baffle of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical cathode structure of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1. connecting shaft, 2. compression spring, 3. bracket, 4. set screw, 5. conductive lead, 6. graphite mounting seat, 7. rotary liquid joint, 8. graphite, 9. hollow support shaft, 10. liquid baffle, 11. mask, 12. mounting seat, 13. workpiece, 14. adhesive tape, 15. cylindrical cathode, 16. rolling bearing, 17. connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an elastic contact rolling mask electrochemical machining device, including a connecting shaft 1, a compression spring 2, a bracket 3, a set screw 4, a conductive lead 5, a graphite mounting seat 6, a rotary liquid joint 7, graphite 8, a hollow support shaft 9, a liquid baffle 10, a mask 11, a mounting seat 12, a workpiece 13, an adhesive tape 14, a cylindrical cathode 15, a rolling bearing 16, and a connecting rod 17. The upper end of the connecting shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the machine tool spindle, and its lower end is slidably connected to the upper end of the bracket 3 through a cylindrical pin and a compression spring 2; a pair of rolling bearings 16 are fixedly installed at the lower end of the bracket 3, and the inner ring of the rolling bearing 16 is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the hollow support shaft 9. The hollow support shaft 9 can rotate around the center of the rolling bearing 16; the two sides of the bracket 3 are fixedly connected to the graphite mounting seat 6 by tightening screws 4, and a spiral spring and graphite 8 are provided inside the graphite mounting seat 6. Under the pressure of the spiral spring, the graphite 8 maintains elastic contact with the hollow support shaft 9; the hollow support shaft 9 and the cylindrical cathode 15 with spirally distributed liquid outlet holes on the side wall are fixed as a whole through threaded connection, and the two sides of the hollow support shaft 9 are fixedly connected to the rotary liquid joint 7 through threaded engagement; the mask 11 is attached to the surface of the workpiece 13 by an adhesive tape 14, and the workpiece 13 is fixed as a whole with the mounting seat 12 by tightening screws 4.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bracket structure. The upper end of the bracket 3 is provided with symmetrically distributed U-shaped holes, and the inner wall of the U-shaped hole and the outer wall of the cylindrical pin are clearance-fitted; through holes are provided on both sides of the bracket 3, which pass through the upper and lower parts; the bottom end of the bracket 3 is provided with a symmetrically distributed circular ring structure, and the inner wall of the circular ring and the outer wall of the rolling bearing 16 are interference-fitted.

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the liquid baffle structure. In order to avoid the splashing of the electrolyte flowing out of the cylindrical cathode 15, the liquid baffle 10 adopts a hollow structure, and the cylindrical cathode 15 is wrapped inside the liquid baffle 10. A threaded hole is opened on the top of the liquid baffle 10.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical cathode structure. The cylindrical cathode 15 adopts a hollow structure with threaded holes at the center positions on both sides. The side walls of the cylindrical cathode 15 are provided with liquid holes distributed in a spiral shape. The electrolyte flows out from the inside of the cylindrical cathode 15 through the liquid holes, so that the electrolyte can continuously flow to the processing area.

[0021] The present invention has many specific application paths. The above is only the preferred implementation method of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the technology and rights protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elastic contact rolling mask electrochemical machining device, comprising a connecting shaft (1), a compression spring (2), a bracket (3), a set screw (4), a conductive lead (5), a graphite mounting seat (6), a rotary liquid-through joint (7), graphite (8), a hollow support shaft (9), a liquid baffle (10), a mask (11), a mounting seat (12), a workpiece (13), an adhesive tape (14), a cylindrical cathode (15), a rolling bearing (16), and a connecting rod (17), characterized in that: The upper end of the connecting shaft (1) is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the machine tool, and the lower end of the connecting shaft (1) is slidably connected to the upper end of the bracket (3) through a cylindrical pin and a compression spring (2); a pair of rolling bearings (16) are fixedly installed at the lower end of the bracket (3), and the inner ring of the rolling bearing (16) is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the hollow support shaft (9), so that the hollow support shaft (9) can rotate; both sides of the bracket (3) are fixedly connected to the graphite mounting seat (6) through tightening screws (4), and the graphite (8) arranged inside the graphite mounting seat (6) maintains elastic contact with the hollow support shaft (9); the hollow support shaft (9) and the cylindrical cathode (15) with spirally distributed liquid outlet holes on the side wall are fixed together through threaded connection, and both sides of the hollow support shaft (9) are fixedly connected to the rotary liquid-through joint (7); the mask (11) is fitted to the surface of the workpiece (13) through an adhesive tape (14), and the workpiece (13) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (12) through tightening screws (4).

2. The elastic contact rolling mask electrochemical machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid baffle (10) is also provided above the cylindrical cathode (15). The upper end of the liquid baffle (10) is fixedly connected to the bracket (3) through a connecting rod (17) and a set screw (4). The inner wall of the liquid baffle (10) is clearance-fitted with the outer wall of the hollow support shaft (9) and the side wall of the cylindrical cathode (15).

3. A method for using the elastic contact rolling mask electrochemical machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool spindle drives the connecting shaft (1) to move in the vertical direction, causing the compression spring (2) to undergo controllable elastic deformation, thereby regulating the pressing force between the cylindrical cathode (15) and the mask (11); the machine tool motion system drives the mounting seat (12) to move in a plane, causing the cylindrical cathode (15) and the mask (11) to undergo friction, and driven by the friction force, the cylindrical cathode (15) rolls back and forth on the surface of the mask (11).

4. The method for using the elastic contact rolling mask electrochemical machining device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrolyte outputted by the electrolyte circulation filtration system flows into the interior of the hollow support shaft (9) through the rotary liquid-passing joint (7), and the electrolyte flowing inside the hollow support shaft (9) flows through the liquid outlet opening provided on the side wall of the cylindrical cathode (15) to the hollow area on the surface of the workpiece (13) that is not covered by the mask (11).

5. The method for using the elastic contact rolling mask electrochemical machining device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The graphite mounting seat (6) is connected to the negative electrode of the processing power supply through the conductive lead (5), and the mounting seat (12) is connected to the positive electrode of the processing power supply. The current is conducted to the processing area between the cylindrical cathode (15) and the workpiece (13) through the graphite (8) and the hollow support shaft (9).

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