A method for constructing a deformation section

Abstract

A deformation section construction method, comprising a construction preparation method, an emergency treatment method and a on-off control method; the construction preparation method comprises: excavating to form a tunnel, monitoring gas during further excavation of the tunnel, determining a gas accumulation position through gas monitoring when the gas concentration is greater than a first threshold value, stopping excavation when the tunneling reaches a position 5 meters away from the gas accumulation position, constructing an annular pipe around the tunnel, and constructing an exhaust system to exhaust water and gas, and then further excavating the tunnel; the emergency treatment method comprises: if the gas concentration is less than a second threshold value when gas is detected during the tunneling, starting an air extractor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, and more specifically to a method for constructing deformable sections. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of existing tunnels, some sections contain water accumulation and coal seam gas. The water accumulation causes deformation of these sections, creating deformed sections. Therefore, it is necessary to drain the water and gas from these sections to ensure construction safety and quality. For example, in the design of the Chengdu-Chongqing Central Line Railway (including Shiling South Station), which our unit was responsible for constructing, the Rongjiawan Tunnel section had this problem. Therefore, after detecting gas in the tunnel, before further excavation, it was necessary to drain the water and gas from the tunnel in a timely manner to prevent deformation of the construction section caused by water or hazards from gas.

[0003] In practical engineering work, the following problems exist:

[0004] I. Although there are corresponding drainage and gas discharge devices in the existing technology, the principle they utilize is simply that gas is light and easy to float. When the gas and water mixture flows, the gas floats up through the pipe. However, if the mixture flows too fast, the gas cannot be discharged in time and in full when it passes through the discharge pipe.

[0005] 2. In existing drainage and gas discharge devices, gas is separated from water through the discharge pipe above. However, after the gas is discharged, the flowing mixture loses a portion of its volume, creating a negative pressure. The remaining mixture needs to be replenished to the negative pressure area, which can easily lead to water hammer.

[0006] Third, although there are corresponding drainage and gas discharge devices in the existing technology, the drainage volume and gas discharge volume are different in different road sections or even at different times in different situations. For example, in cases where the water volume is too large and the gas volume is too small, how to deal with the situation in a targeted manner remains to be solved.

[0007] Fourth, although there are corresponding drainage and gas discharge devices in the existing technology, the drainage volume and gas discharge volume are different in different road sections or even at different times in different situations. For example, in the case of all gas, a lot of gas passing through the discharge pipe will flow directly downstream.

[0008] Fifth, existing float-type structures lack stable placement methods. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution that addresses multiple problems simultaneously.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a construction method for a deformable section, including a construction preparation method, an emergency handling method, and a flow control method; the construction preparation method includes: excavating to form a tunnel, monitoring gas during further excavation of the tunnel, determining the gas accumulation location by gas monitoring when the gas concentration is greater than a first threshold, stopping excavation when the tunnel reaches 5 meters from the gas accumulation location, constructing a ring pipe around the tunnel, and constructing a drainage system to drain water and gas before further excavating the tunnel; the emergency handling method includes: when gas is detected during excavation, if the gas concentration is less than a second threshold, turning on the exhaust fan; if the gas concentration is greater than the second threshold but less than the first threshold, stopping excavation, evacuating personnel, and waiting for the exhaust fan to extract the gas from the tunnel; if the gas concentration still has not decreased to less than the second threshold after personnel have evacuated and the exhaust fan has been operating for a first time, then personnel are strictly prohibited from entering the tunnel, and the gas concentration is re-detected after a second time interval;

[0011] The discharge system includes a main discharge pipe, an upstream pipe section, a downstream pipe section, a middle pipe section, a second discharge pipe, a first discharge pipe, a confluence pipe, a three-way valve, a drain pipe, and a side ditch. Water and gas in the rock strata permeate into the annular pipe and mix. The mixture is conducted to the upstream pipe section through the annular pipe. A three-way valve is installed in the upstream pipe section, and the upper end of the three-way valve is connected to the first discharge pipe, through which gas can be discharged upwards. The upstream pipe section, the middle pipe section, and the downstream pipe section are connected sequentially from right to left. The second discharge pipe is connected to the downstream pipe section, through which gas can be discharged upwards. The first and second discharge pipes are both connected to the confluence pipe at the top, and the middle part of the confluence pipe is connected to the main discharge pipe. A drain pipe is connected to the middle pipe section. When the mixture is transferred to the middle pipe section, some water is discharged into the side ditch through the drain pipe, and the remaining mixture continues to enter the downstream pipe section.

[0012] The three-way valve includes a valve body, valve core, valve seat, connecting block, connecting pipe one, connecting pipe two, connecting pipe three, cavity, stop block, water pressure sensor, and electrical components; the electrical components include a drive unit and a controller.

[0013] The valve body contains a valve core that can rotate within the valve body. The valve body also contains a valve seat, an inlet, an outlet 1, and an outlet 2. The valve core contains a valve port 1, a valve port 2, and a valve port 3. The left side of the valve body is connected to one end of the connecting block, and the other end of the connecting block is connected to the connecting pipe 1. The right side of the valve body is connected to the connecting pipe 2, and the upper end of the valve body is connected to the connecting pipe 3. The front end of the valve body is connected to a driving component that can drive the valve core to rotate.

[0014] The connecting block includes a cylindrical inner cavity, with the water pressure sensor installed at the lower end of the cylindrical inner cavity and the stop block installed at the upper end of the cylindrical inner cavity. The connecting block above the cylindrical inner cavity has a cavity. When the water level in the cylindrical inner cavity rises, the stop block can be pushed into the cavity. The left end and the right end of the cavity are both inclined surfaces.

[0015] The stop block includes a shaped float plate, a blocking part, a head, and a guide part. The shaped float plate is located at the top, and the blocking part, head, and guide part are arranged below the shaped float plate. The blocking part, guide part, and head are arranged sequentially from left to right. The guide part includes a guide arc surface that connects the head and the blocking part. The left side of the blocking part includes a plane that extends obliquely in the vertical direction, and the right side of the head converges into a line that extends obliquely in the vertical direction. The shape of the shaped float plate is adapted to the shape of the cavity.

[0016] The on / off control method includes: aligning the inlet with valve port three, aligning valve port one with outlet one, and aligning valve port two with outlet two; water flowing from pipe two to pipe one, and gas flowing from pipe two to pipe three; when the water pressure sensor does not detect water pressure, it sends a signal to the controller, which controls the valve core to rotate, aligning the inlet with valve port two, aligning valve port one with outlet two, and allowing gas to flow from pipe two to pipe three.

[0017] Preferably, the first, second, and third connecting pipes all include connecting ears.

[0018] Preferably, the valve seat is provided in three sets.

[0019] Preferably, the end of the shaping float is provided with a protrusion.

[0020] Preferably, the cavity has grooves and protrusions on the corresponding wall surface to match.

[0021] Preferably, the bump can slide along the groove.

[0022] Preferably, the protrusion can be positioned within the groove.

[0023] Preferably, a sealing element is provided between the shaped float and the wall of the cavity.

[0024] Preferably, the head includes a first portion, which includes a triangular cross-section.

[0025] Preferably, the head includes a second part, which is a cuboid and is connected to the guide portion.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] I. Regarding the first point raised in the background technology, since the mixture of seepage from the rock strata forms a distribution with gas on top and water below, by setting a baffle structure in the internal passage of the three-way valve, the gas is blocked at the location where the gas flows. The blocked gas stagnates below the discharge pipe, which facilitates its discharge through the discharge pipe.

[0028] Second, regarding the second point raised in the background technology, an integrated conical structure and a water guiding surface are provided in front of the baffle structure. The conical structure achieves flow tangential guidance to reduce water hammer, and the water guiding surface guides water flow to reduce irregular water hammer. Thus, an independent block structure simultaneously achieves the functions of blocking air and guiding flow.

[0029] Thirdly, regarding the third point raised in the background technology, a connecting block is attached to the valve body, and a cavity is provided in the connecting block. The previously mentioned stop block can slide in and out of the cavity. When the water volume is too large, the stop block can be pushed upward. At the same time, a shaped float plate is provided above the stop block, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the cavity to position the stop block in the cavity. At the same time, the float plate increases the buoyancy of the entire stop block. Thus, when the water volume is too large, the stop block will be pushed upward, so as not to obstruct the water flow. At the same time, the stop block and the cavity are also connected by a structure such as a slide rail to realize the stroke movement and stroke limitation.

[0030] Fourthly, in response to the fourth point raised in the background technology, a water flow sensor, such as a water pressure sensor, is installed in the connecting block. When the water pressure sensor does not detect water, it transmits a signal to the controller, which controls the three-way valve core to rotate, so that the valve outlet is directly connected to the discharge pipe.

[0031] Fifth, regarding the fifth point raised in the background technology, a matching inclined surface is set on the cavity and the inclined surface. When the shaping float moves the baffle upward and the water volume decreases, the baffle will not fall freely. At the same time, when the three-way valve changes its application mode and position, such as when one end of the connecting block is facing upward (i.e., Figure 2 The device shown can be rotated 90 degrees to the left or right. The block slides into the cavity by gravity with the help of the inclined plane, thus no longer forming an obstruction and forming a normal valve structure, thereby increasing the applicability of the three-way valve of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the overall system for generating and processing water-air mixtures according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Internal structure diagram of a three-way valve

[0035] Figure 3 A side view of an embodiment of the arrangement of the blocks of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 Top view of another embodiment of the arrangement of the blocks of the present invention

[0037] Figure 5 Side view of another embodiment of the arrangement of the blocks of the present invention

[0038] Figure 6 This is a front view of the tunnel and annular pipe of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a top view of the annular tube of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a top view of the main discharge pipe located at the tunnel end in the pretreatment system of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel passing through a mountain ridge according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the construction method before further excavation in this invention.

[0043] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating the post-excavation safety treatment method of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 Supplementary diagram for the post-excavation safety treatment method of the present invention

[0045] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0046] 1. Main discharge pipe, 2. Ring pipe, 3. Upstream pipe section, 4. Downstream pipe section, 5. Middle section pipe, 6. Second discharge pipe, 7. First discharge pipe, 8. Combined pipe, 9. First three-way valve, 10. Second three-way valve, 11. First three-way connector, 12. Second three-way connector, 13. Drain pipe, 14. Valve body, 15. Valve core, 16. Valve seat, 17. Connecting block, 18. Pipe 1, 19. Pipe 2, 20. Pipe 3, 21. Cavity, 22. Stop block, 23. Water pressure sensor, 24. Outlet 1, 25. Outlet 2, 26. Valve port 1, 27. Valve port 2, 28. Valve port 3, 29. Inlet, 30. Shaped float plate, 31. Blocking part, 32. Head, 33. Guide part, 34. Guide surface, 35. Side ditch, 36. Tunnel. Detailed Implementation

[0047] As shown in the figure: A construction method for a deformable section includes a construction preparation method, an emergency response method, and a flow control method. The construction preparation method includes: excavating to form a tunnel; monitoring gas during further tunnel excavation; determining the gas accumulation location when the gas concentration exceeds a first threshold; stopping excavation when the tunnel reaches 5 meters from the gas accumulation location; constructing a ring pipe around the tunnel and a drainage system to remove water and gas before further tunnel excavation. The emergency response method includes: if gas is detected during excavation and the gas concentration is less than a second threshold, turning on the ventilation fan; if the gas concentration is greater than the second threshold but less than the first threshold, stopping excavation and evacuating personnel while waiting for the ventilation fan to extract the gas from the tunnel; if the gas concentration has not decreased to less than the second threshold after personnel evacuation and the ventilation fan has been operating for a first time, prohibiting personnel from entering the tunnel and re-monitoring the gas concentration after a second time interval.

[0048] The discharge system includes a main discharge pipe, an upstream pipe section, a downstream pipe section, a middle pipe section, a second discharge pipe, a first discharge pipe, a confluence pipe, a three-way valve, a drain pipe, and a side ditch. Water and gas in the rock strata permeate into the annular pipe and mix. The mixture is conducted to the upstream pipe section through the annular pipe. A three-way valve is installed in the upstream pipe section, and the upper end of the three-way valve is connected to the first discharge pipe, through which gas can be discharged upwards. The upstream pipe section, the middle pipe section, and the downstream pipe section are connected sequentially from right to left. The second discharge pipe is connected to the downstream pipe section, through which gas can be discharged upwards. The first and second discharge pipes are both connected to the confluence pipe at the top, and the middle part of the confluence pipe is connected to the main discharge pipe. A drain pipe is connected to the middle pipe section. When the mixture is transferred to the middle pipe section, some water is discharged into the side ditch through the drain pipe, and the remaining mixture continues to enter the downstream pipe section.

[0049] The three-way valve includes a valve body, valve core, valve seat, connecting block, connecting pipe one, connecting pipe two, connecting pipe three, cavity, stop block, water pressure sensor, and electrical components; the electrical components include a drive unit and a controller.

[0050] The valve body contains a valve core that can rotate within the valve body. The valve body also contains a valve seat, an inlet, an outlet 1, and an outlet 2. The valve core contains a valve port 1, a valve port 2, and a valve port 3. The left side of the valve body is connected to one end of the connecting block, and the other end of the connecting block is connected to the connecting pipe 1. The right side of the valve body is connected to the connecting pipe 2, and the upper end of the valve body is connected to the connecting pipe 3. The front end of the valve body is connected to a driving component that can drive the valve core to rotate.

[0051] The connecting block includes a cylindrical inner cavity, with the water pressure sensor installed at the lower end of the cylindrical inner cavity and the stop block installed at the upper end of the cylindrical inner cavity. The connecting block above the cylindrical inner cavity has a cavity. When the water level in the cylindrical inner cavity rises, the stop block can be pushed into the cavity. The left end and the right end of the cavity are both inclined surfaces.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown: The stop includes a shaped float plate, a blocking part, a head, and a guide part. The shaped float plate is located at the top, and the blocking part, head, and guide part are arranged below the shaped float plate. The blocking part, guide part, and head are arranged sequentially from left to right. The guide part includes a guide arc surface that connects the head and the blocking part. The left side of the blocking part includes a plane that extends obliquely in the vertical direction, and the right side of the head converges into a line that extends obliquely in the vertical direction. The shape of the shaped float plate is adapted to the shape of the cavity.

[0053] The on / off control method includes: aligning the inlet with valve port three, aligning valve port one with outlet one, and aligning valve port two with outlet two; water flowing from pipe two to pipe one, and gas flowing from pipe two to pipe three; when the water pressure sensor does not detect water pressure, it sends a signal to the controller, which controls the valve core to rotate, aligning the inlet with valve port two, aligning valve port one with outlet two, and allowing gas to flow from pipe two to pipe three.

[0054] The first, second, and third connecting pipes all include connecting lugs. Three sets of valve seats are provided. A protrusion is provided at the end of the shaped float. A groove is provided on the corresponding wall surface of the cavity to fit the protrusion. The protrusion can slide along the groove. The protrusion can be limited within the groove. A sealing element is provided between the shaped float and the wall surface of the cavity. The head includes a first part, which has a triangular cross-section. The head also includes a second part, which is a cuboid connected to the guide portion.

[0055] Figure 4 , Figure 5 The middle example is an embodiment of another block arrangement, the difference being that the shaped floating plate extends from the upper end of the guide to both sides and from the upper end of the blocking part to the right, rather than being manufactured as a single plate.

[0056] The above detailed description is a specific description of feasible embodiments of the present invention. These embodiments are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the present invention should be included in the patent scope of this case.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a deformable section, characterized in that: The method includes construction preparation, emergency response, and flow control. The construction preparation method includes: excavating to form a tunnel; monitoring gas concentration during further tunnel excavation; determining the gas accumulation location when the gas concentration exceeds a first threshold; stopping excavation when the tunnel reaches 5 meters from the gas accumulation location; constructing a ring pipe around the tunnel and a drainage system to remove water and gas before further tunnel excavation. The emergency response method includes: if gas is detected during excavation and the gas concentration is less than a second threshold, turning on the ventilation fan; if the gas concentration is greater than the second threshold but less than the first threshold, stopping excavation and evacuating personnel while waiting for the ventilation fan to extract the gas from the tunnel; if the gas concentration has not decreased to less than the second threshold after personnel evacuation and the ventilation fan has been operating for a first time, prohibiting personnel from entering the tunnel and re-monitoring the gas concentration after a second time interval. The discharge system includes a main discharge pipe, an upstream pipe section, a downstream pipe section, a middle pipe section, a second discharge pipe, a first discharge pipe, a confluence pipe, a three-way valve, a drain pipe, and a side ditch. Water and gas in the rock strata permeate into the annular pipe and mix. The mixture is conducted to the upstream pipe section through the annular pipe. A three-way valve is installed in the upstream pipe section, and the upper end of the three-way valve is connected to the first discharge pipe, through which gas can be discharged upwards. The upstream pipe section, the middle pipe section, and the downstream pipe section are connected sequentially from right to left. The second discharge pipe is connected to the downstream pipe section, through which gas can be discharged upwards. The first and second discharge pipes are both connected to the confluence pipe at the top, and the middle part of the confluence pipe is connected to the main discharge pipe. A drain pipe is connected to the middle pipe section. When the mixture is transferred to the middle pipe section, some water is discharged into the side ditch through the drain pipe, and the remaining mixture continues to enter the downstream pipe section. The three-way valve includes a valve body, valve core, valve seat, connecting block, connecting pipe one, connecting pipe two, connecting pipe three, cavity, stop block, water pressure sensor, and electrical components; the electrical components include a drive unit and a controller. The valve body contains a valve core that can rotate within the valve body. The valve body also contains a valve seat, an inlet, an outlet 1, and an outlet 2. The valve core contains a valve port 1, a valve port 2, and a valve port 3. The left side of the valve body is connected to one end of the connecting block, and the other end of the connecting block is connected to the connecting pipe 1. The right side of the valve body is connected to the connecting pipe 2, and the upper end of the valve body is connected to the connecting pipe 3. The front end of the valve body is connected to a driving component that can drive the valve core to rotate. The connecting block includes a cylindrical inner cavity, with the water pressure sensor installed at the lower end of the cylindrical inner cavity and the stop block installed at the upper end of the cylindrical inner cavity. The connecting block above the cylindrical inner cavity has a cavity. When the water level in the cylindrical inner cavity rises, the stop block can be pushed into the cavity. The left end and the right end of the cavity are both inclined surfaces. The stop block includes a shaped float plate, a blocking part, a head, and a guide part. The shaped float plate is located at the top, and the blocking part, head, and guide part are arranged below the shaped float plate. The blocking part, guide part, and head are arranged sequentially from left to right. The guide part includes a guide arc surface that connects the head and the blocking part. The left side of the blocking part includes a plane that extends obliquely in the vertical direction, and the right side of the head converges into a line that extends obliquely in the vertical direction. The shape of the shaped float plate is adapted to the shape of the cavity. The on / off control method includes: aligning the inlet with valve port three, simultaneously aligning valve port one with outlet one, and aligning valve port two with outlet two; allowing water to flow from pipe pipe two to pipe pipe one, and gas to flow from pipe pipe two to pipe pipe three; when the water pressure sensor does not detect water pressure, it sends a signal to the controller, which controls the valve core to rotate, aligning the inlet with valve port two, aligning valve port one with outlet two, and allowing gas to flow from pipe pipe two to pipe pipe three.

2. The method for constructing a deformable section according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first, second, and third connectors all include connecting ears.

3. The method for constructing a deformable section according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve seat is provided in three sets.

4. The method for constructing a deformable section according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the shaping float is provided with a protrusion.

5. The method for constructing a deformable section according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cavity has grooves and protrusions on the corresponding wall surface to fit each other.

6. The method for constructing a deformable section according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bump can slide along the groove.

7. The method for constructing a deformable section according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bump can be positioned within the groove.

8. The method for constructing a deformable section according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing element is provided between the shaped float and the wall of the cavity.

9. The method for constructing a deformable section according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head includes a first portion, which includes a triangular cross-section.

10. A method for constructing a deformable section according to claim 9, characterized in that: The head includes a second part, which is a cuboid and is connected to the guide part.

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