A landing gear structure load-bearing test device

Abstract

This invention introduces a landing gear structure load-bearing test device, comprising a test platform, a test piece, a vertical load-loading assembly, a heading load-loading assembly, a lateral load-loading assembly, a restraining force loading assembly, and a catapult force loading assembly. Using a certain type of carrier-based aircraft landing gear as the test piece, this invention simulates the load conditions of an aircraft landing gear during catapult takeoff and landing in a laboratory. The device utilizes a hydraulic actuator for loading, resulting in a stable and continuous load. The layout and installation of the test device accurately simulate the forces acting on the landing gear during catapult takeoff and landing. Furthermore, the device simplifies construction and installation, reduces the scale of the test, and saves testing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of structural bearing, and in particular to a landing gear structural bearing test device. Background Art

[0002] The performance of carrier-based aircraft determines the combat effectiveness of an aircraft carrier. The greater the number, the stronger the combat effectiveness. The landing gear is an important load-bearing and maneuverable component of the carrier-based aircraft. Its performance is directly related to the use and safety of the carrier-based aircraft. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe use of carrier-based aircraft, it is necessary to study the structural bearing strength of the landing gear.

[0003] When landing a carrier-based aircraft, its landing gear is subject to its own gravity and significant impact loads. During catapult takeoff, the launch rod and check rod are also subject to significant impact loads. Therefore, studying the load-bearing capacity of the main force-transmitting structures of the landing gear during catapult takeoff and landing is crucial. This can reveal weak points in the landing gear structure, provide a basis for design improvements, and verify the quality of materials, forgings, and production processes.

[0004] Currently, there are no publicly available reports on landing gear structural load-bearing tests and their methods, both domestically and internationally. While research on this topic has been ongoing abroad and a comprehensive system has been gradually established, the details are limited and no relevant research is found in published patents. Therefore, further experimental simulation research is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a landing gear structure load-bearing test device for simulating the actual load conditions of a carrier-based aircraft during catapult takeoff and landing in response to the defects involved in the background technology.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0007] A landing gear structure load-bearing test device includes a test platform, a test piece, a vertical load loading assembly, a heading load loading assembly, a lateral load loading assembly, a restraining force loading assembly, and an ejection force loading assembly;

[0008] The test piece is used to simulate an inverted landing gear, and includes a strut, a rotating shaft, a retractable actuator, a resistance support rod, a catapult rod, an upper torque arm, a lower torque arm, a pivot shaft, a check rod, a mounting rod, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first dummy wheel, a second dummy wheel, and first to third fixing seats;

[0009] The rotating shaft is arranged horizontally, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the first fixing seat, and can rotate freely relative to the first fixing seat; the first fixing seat is fixed to the test platform;

[0010] The lower end of the support is vertically fixedly connected to the midpoint of the rotating shaft, and the upper end is vertically fixedly connected to the midpoint of the mounting rod; the mounting rod is parallel to the rotating shaft;

[0011] The upper torque arm, the lower torque arm, and the resistance support rod are coplanar and arranged on the same side of the pillar, and one end of each of the upper torque arm, the lower torque arm, and the resistance support rod are hinged to the side wall of the pillar in sequence from top to bottom, and are perpendicular to the rotating shaft;

[0012] One end of the check rod, the other end of the upper torque arm, and the other end of the lower torque arm are pivotally connected through the pivot shaft;

[0013] The other end of the resistance support rod is hinged to the second fixing seat, and the second fixing seat is fixed to the test platform;

[0014] The other end of the retractable actuator is hinged to the third fixing seat, and the third fixing seat is fixed to the test platform;

[0015] The ejection rod is perpendicular to the rotation axis, is arranged on the other side of the pillar relative to the restraining rod, and one end is hinged to the side wall of the pillar;

[0016] The first and second dummy wheels have the same structure, both comprising a wheel body and a force rod; the wheel body is strip-shaped, with a bearing mounting hole provided in the center thereof, a first hinge point provided at one end, and second and third hinge points provided at the other end, with the third hinge point being located between the first and second hinge points; the lower end of the force rod is vertically fixedly connected to the midpoint of the wheel body, the force rod is perpendicular to the bearing mounting hole, and the upper end of the force rod is provided with a fourth hinge point;

[0017] The first bearing and the second bearing are symmetrically arranged, the inner rings are coaxially fixed to the two ends of the mounting rod, and the outer rings are coaxially fixed to the bearing mounting holes of the first dummy wheel and the second dummy wheel respectively;

[0018] The vertical load loading assembly includes a first vertical force actuator, a second vertical force actuator, a first articulated chain, and a second articulated chain;

[0019] The first vertical force actuator is vertically arranged, with one end hinged to the test platform and the other end hinged to the first hinge point of the first dummy wheel; the first hinge chain is vertically arranged, with one end hinged to the test platform and the other end hinged to the third hinge point of the first dummy wheel; the first vertical force actuator and the first hinge chain cooperate with each other to make the wheel body of the first dummy wheel horizontal, so as to simulate the application of a vertical load to the first dummy wheel;

[0020] The second vertical force actuator is vertically arranged, one end of which is hinged to the test platform, and the other end is hinged to the first hinge point of the second dummy wheel; the second hinge chain is vertically arranged, one end of which is hinged to the test platform, and the other end is hinged to the third hinge point of the second dummy wheel; the second vertical force actuator and the second hinge chain cooperate with each other to make the wheel body of the first dummy wheel horizontal, so as to simulate the application of a vertical load to the second dummy wheel;

[0021] The azimuth load loading assembly includes a first bearing wall, a first azimuth force actuator, and a second azimuth force actuator;

[0022] The lower end of the first load-bearing wall is vertically fixed to the test platform, and the wall surface is perpendicular to the wheel body of the first dummy wheel;

[0023] The first heading force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the first load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the second hinge point of the first dummy wheel, for simulating application of a heading load to the first dummy wheel;

[0024] The second heading force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the first load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the second hinge point of the second dummy wheel, for simulating application of a heading load to the second dummy wheel;

[0025] The lateral load loading assembly includes a second bearing wall, a third bearing wall, a first lateral force actuator, and a second lateral force actuator;

[0026] The second bearing wall and the third bearing wall are respectively arranged on both sides of the test piece, and the lower ends are vertically fixed to the test platform and the wall surfaces are perpendicular to the mounting rods;

[0027] The first lateral force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the second load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the fourth hinge point of the first dummy wheel, for simulating the application of a lateral load to the first dummy wheel;

[0028] The second lateral force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the third load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the fourth hinge point of the second dummy wheel, for simulating the application of a lateral load to the second dummy wheel;

[0029] The restraining force loading assembly includes a restraining force actuator, a fourth fixing seat, a fifth fixing seat, a first hinge, and a first pull rod;

[0030] The first hinge member is provided with a fifth hinge point, a sixth hinge point, and a seventh hinge point, and the sixth hinge point is located between the fifth hinge point and the seventh hinge point;

[0031] The fourth fixing seat and the fifth fixing seat are both fixed on the first load-bearing wall, and the fourth fixing seat is located above the fifth fixing seat;

[0032] One end of the restraining force actuator is hinged to the fourth fixing seat, and the other end is hinged to the fifth hinge point of the first hinge member; the seventh hinge point of the first hinge member is hinged to the fifth fixing seat; one end of the first pull rod is hinged to the end of the restraining rod away from the support, and the other end is hinged to the sixth hinge point of the first hinge member; the fifth hinge point, the sixth hinge point, the seventh hinge point, the restraining force actuator, the first pull rod, and the restraining rod are coplanar;

[0033] The restraining force actuator, the first hinged member, and the first pull rod cooperate with each other to simulate applying a restraining force to the test piece;

[0034] The ejection force loading assembly includes a fourth load-bearing wall, a load-bearing beam, an ejection force actuator, a second hinge, a second fixing seat, and a second pull rod;

[0035] The lower end of the fourth load-bearing wall is vertically fixedly connected to the test platform;

[0036] The second hinge member is provided with an eighth hinge point, a ninth hinge point, and a tenth hinge point, and the ninth hinge point is located between the eighth hinge point and the tenth hinge point;

[0037] The ejection force actuator cylinder and the load-bearing beam are respectively arranged on both sides of the ejection rod, wherein one end of the load-bearing beam is fixedly connected to the fourth load-bearing wall, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second fixing seat; one end of the ejection force actuator cylinder is hinged to the eighth hinge point of the second hinge member, and the other end is hinged to the second fixing seat;

[0038] The tenth hinge point of the second hinge member is hinged to the side wall of the load-bearing beam;

[0039] One end of the second pull rod is hinged to the ninth hinge point of the second hinge member, and the other end is hinged to the end of the ejection rod away from the support pillar;

[0040] The ejection force actuator, the second hinged member, and the second pull rod cooperate with each other to simulate applying an ejection force to the test piece.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0042] The landing gear structure load-bearing test device and test method provided by the present invention realize the structural load-bearing test of the landing gear structure during the catapult takeoff and landing of the carrier-based aircraft in the laboratory, and predict the fatigue life of the landing gear; the hydraulic actuator is used for loading, and the load is stable and continuous; the layout and installation of the test device can accurately simulate the actual working conditions of the landing gear structure, and at the same time, the construction is simple, the test scale is reduced, and the test cost is saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test piece of the present invention after removing the first dummy wheel and the second dummy wheel;

[0045] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first dummy wheel in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical load loading assembly in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heading load loading assembly in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lateral load loading component in the present invention

[0049] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the restraining force loading component of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ejection force loading component in the present invention.

[0051] In the figure, 1-first load-bearing wall, 2-second load-bearing wall, 3-third load-bearing wall, 4-fourth load-bearing wall, 5-test platform, 6-pillar, 7-ejection rod, 8-installation rod, 9-lower torque arm, 10-check rod, 11-upper torque arm, 12-resistance support rod, 13-retractable actuator, 14-first fixed seat, 15-second fixed seat, 16-third fixed seat, 17-first heading force actuator, 18-second heading force actuator, 19-first dummy wheel , 20-second dummy wheel, 21-first vertical force actuating cylinder, 22-second vertical force actuating cylinder, 23-first articulated chain, 24-second articulated chain, 25-first lateral force actuating cylinder, 26-second lateral force actuating cylinder, 27-fourth fixed seat, 28-restraining force actuating cylinder, 29-first hinge, 30-first pull rod, 31-fifth fixed seat, 32-ejection force actuating cylinder, 33-second pull rod, 34-second articulated, 35-load-bearing beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0053] The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0054] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention discloses a landing gear structure load-bearing test device, comprising a test platform, a test piece, a vertical load loading assembly, a heading load loading assembly, a lateral load loading assembly, a restraining force loading assembly, and an ejection force loading assembly;

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the test piece is used to simulate an inverted landing gear, including a strut, a rotating shaft, a retraction and extension cylinder, a resistance support rod, a catapult rod, an upper torque arm, a lower torque arm, a pivot shaft, a check rod, a mounting rod, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first dummy wheel, a second dummy wheel, and first to third fixing seats;

[0056] The rotating shaft is arranged horizontally, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the first fixing seat, and can rotate freely relative to the first fixing seat; the first fixing seat is fixed to the test platform;

[0057] The lower end of the support is vertically fixedly connected to the midpoint of the rotating shaft, and the upper end is vertically fixedly connected to the midpoint of the mounting rod; the mounting rod is parallel to the rotating shaft;

[0058] The upper torque arm, the lower torque arm, and the resistance support rod are coplanar and arranged on the same side of the pillar, and one end of each of the upper torque arm, the lower torque arm, and the resistance support rod are hinged to the side wall of the pillar in sequence from top to bottom, and are perpendicular to the rotating shaft;

[0059] One end of the check rod, the other end of the upper torque arm, and the other end of the lower torque arm are pivotally connected through the pivot shaft;

[0060] The other end of the resistance support rod is hinged to the second fixing seat, and the second fixing seat is fixed to the test platform;

[0061] The other end of the retractable actuator is hinged to the third fixing seat, and the third fixing seat is fixed to the test platform;

[0062] The ejection rod is perpendicular to the rotation axis, is arranged on the other side of the pillar relative to the restraining rod, and one end is hinged to the side wall of the pillar;

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the first and second dummy wheels have the same structure, both comprising a wheel body and a force-adding rod; the wheel body is strip-shaped, with a bearing mounting hole provided in the center thereof, a first hinge point provided at one end, and second and third hinge points provided at the other end, with the third hinge point being located between the first and second hinge points; the lower end of the force-adding rod is vertically fixedly connected to the midpoint of the wheel body, the force-adding rod is perpendicular to the bearing mounting hole, and the upper end of the force-adding rod is provided with a fourth hinge point;

[0064] The first bearing and the second bearing are symmetrically arranged, the inner rings are coaxially fixed to the two ends of the mounting rod, and the outer rings are coaxially fixed to the bearing mounting holes of the first dummy wheel and the second dummy wheel respectively;

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, the vertical load loading assembly includes a first vertical force actuator, a second vertical force actuator, a first articulated chain, and a second articulated chain;

[0066] The first vertical force actuator is vertically arranged, with one end hinged to the test platform and the other end hinged to the first hinge point of the first dummy wheel; the first hinge chain is vertically arranged, with one end hinged to the test platform and the other end hinged to the third hinge point of the first dummy wheel; the first vertical force actuator and the first hinge chain cooperate with each other to make the wheel body of the first dummy wheel horizontal, so as to simulate the application of a vertical load to the first dummy wheel;

[0067] The second vertical force actuator is vertically arranged, one end of which is hinged to the test platform, and the other end is hinged to the first hinge point of the second dummy wheel; the second hinge chain is vertically arranged, one end of which is hinged to the test platform, and the other end is hinged to the third hinge point of the second dummy wheel; the second vertical force actuator and the second hinge chain cooperate with each other to make the wheel body of the first dummy wheel horizontal, so as to simulate the application of a vertical load to the second dummy wheel;

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, the heading load loading assembly includes a first bearing wall, a first heading force actuator cylinder, and a second heading force actuator cylinder;

[0069] The lower end of the first load-bearing wall is vertically fixed to the test platform, and the wall surface is perpendicular to the wheel body of the first dummy wheel;

[0070] The first heading force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the first load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the second hinge point of the first dummy wheel, for simulating application of a heading load to the first dummy wheel;

[0071] The second heading force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the first load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the second hinge point of the second dummy wheel, for simulating application of a heading load to the second dummy wheel;

[0072] like Figure 6 As shown, the lateral load loading assembly includes a second bearing wall, a third bearing wall, a first lateral force actuator, and a second lateral force actuator;

[0073] The second bearing wall and the third bearing wall are respectively arranged on both sides of the test piece, and the lower ends are vertically fixed to the test platform and the wall surfaces are perpendicular to the mounting rods;

[0074] The first lateral force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the second load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the fourth hinge point of the first dummy wheel, for simulating the application of a lateral load to the first dummy wheel;

[0075] The second lateral force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the third load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the fourth hinge point of the second dummy wheel, for simulating the application of a lateral load to the second dummy wheel;

[0076] like Figure 7 As shown, the restraining force loading assembly includes a restraining force actuator, a fourth fixing seat, a fifth fixing seat, a first hinge, and a first pull rod;

[0077] The first hinge member is provided with a fifth hinge point, a sixth hinge point, and a seventh hinge point, and the sixth hinge point is located between the fifth hinge point and the seventh hinge point;

[0078] The fourth fixing seat and the fifth fixing seat are both fixed on the first load-bearing wall, and the fourth fixing seat is located above the fifth fixing seat;

[0079] One end of the restraining force actuator is hinged to the fourth fixing seat, and the other end is hinged to the fifth hinge point of the first hinge member; the seventh hinge point of the first hinge member is hinged to the fifth fixing seat; one end of the first pull rod is hinged to the end of the restraining rod away from the support, and the other end is hinged to the sixth hinge point of the first hinge member; the fifth hinge point, the sixth hinge point, the seventh hinge point, the restraining force actuator, the first pull rod, and the restraining rod are coplanar;

[0080] The restraining force actuator, the first hinged member, and the first pull rod cooperate with each other to simulate applying a restraining force to the test piece;

[0081] like Figure 8 As shown, the ejection force loading assembly includes a fourth load-bearing wall, a load-bearing beam, an ejection force actuator, a second hinge, a second fixing seat, and a second pull rod;

[0082] The lower end of the fourth load-bearing wall is vertically fixedly connected to the test platform;

[0083] The second hinge member is provided with an eighth hinge point, a ninth hinge point, and a tenth hinge point, and the ninth hinge point is located between the eighth hinge point and the tenth hinge point;

[0084] The ejection force actuator cylinder and the load-bearing beam are respectively arranged on both sides of the ejection rod, wherein one end of the load-bearing beam is fixedly connected to the fourth load-bearing wall, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second fixing seat; one end of the ejection force actuator cylinder is hinged to the eighth hinge point of the second hinge member, and the other end is hinged to the second fixing seat;

[0085] The tenth hinge point of the second hinge member is hinged to the side wall of the load-bearing beam;

[0086] One end of the second pull rod is hinged to the ninth hinge point of the second hinge member, and the other end is hinged to the end of the ejection rod away from the support pillar;

[0087] The ejection force actuator, the second hinged member, and the second pull rod cooperate with each other to simulate applying an ejection force to the test piece.

[0088] When conducting structural load-bearing tests using the aforementioned device, the test bench and various loading components must first undergo flaw detection inspection. A loading cycle includes a vertical load, a lateral load, a catapult force, and a restraining force. During each test cycle, the load is maintained at maximum load for a period before unloading.

[0089] After the loading test is completed, if the test piece, test bench and loading assembly are not damaged, the residual strength test of the maximum load condition shall be carried out.

[0090] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited to the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, they can make certain modifications or improvements to the preferred embodiment of this patent. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A landing gear structure load-bearing test device, characterized in that: It includes a test platform, a test piece, a vertical load loading assembly, a heading load loading assembly, a lateral load loading assembly, a restraining force loading assembly and a ejection force loading assembly; The test piece is used to simulate an inverted landing gear, and includes a strut, a rotating shaft, a retractable actuator, a resistance support rod, a catapult rod, an upper torque arm, a lower torque arm, a pivot shaft, a check rod, a mounting rod, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first dummy wheel, a second dummy wheel, and first to third fixing seats; The rotating shaft is arranged horizontally, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the first fixing seat, and can rotate freely relative to the first fixing seat; the first fixing seat is fixed to the test platform; The lower end of the support is vertically fixedly connected to the midpoint of the rotating shaft, and the upper end is vertically fixedly connected to the midpoint of the mounting rod; the mounting rod is parallel to the rotating shaft; The upper torque arm, the lower torque arm, and the resistance support rod are coplanar and arranged on the same side of the pillar, and one end of each of the upper torque arm, the lower torque arm, and the resistance support rod are hinged to the side wall of the pillar in sequence from top to bottom, and are perpendicular to the rotating shaft; One end of the check rod, the other end of the upper torque arm, and the other end of the lower torque arm are pivotally connected through the pivot shaft; The other end of the resistance support rod is hinged to the second fixing seat, and the second fixing seat is fixed to the test platform; The other end of the retractable actuator is hinged to the third fixing seat, and the third fixing seat is fixed to the test platform; The ejection rod is perpendicular to the rotation axis, is arranged on the other side of the pillar relative to the restraining rod, and one end is hinged to the side wall of the pillar; The first and second dummy wheels have the same structure, both comprising a wheel body and a force rod; the wheel body is strip-shaped, with a bearing mounting hole provided in the center thereof, a first hinge point provided at one end, and second and third hinge points provided at the other end, with the third hinge point being located between the first and second hinge points; the lower end of the force rod is vertically fixedly connected to the midpoint of the wheel body, the force rod is perpendicular to the bearing mounting hole, and the upper end of the force rod is provided with a fourth hinge point; The first bearing and the second bearing are symmetrically arranged, the inner rings are coaxially fixed to the two ends of the mounting rod, and the outer rings are coaxially fixed to the bearing mounting holes of the first dummy wheel and the second dummy wheel respectively; The vertical load loading assembly includes a first vertical force actuator, a second vertical force actuator, a first articulated chain, and a second articulated chain; The first vertical force actuator is vertically arranged, with one end hinged to the test platform and the other end hinged to the first hinge point of the first dummy wheel; the first hinge chain is vertically arranged, with one end hinged to the test platform and the other end hinged to the third hinge point of the first dummy wheel; the first vertical force actuator and the first hinge chain cooperate with each other to make the wheel body of the first dummy wheel horizontal, so as to simulate the application of a vertical load to the first dummy wheel; The second vertical force actuator is vertically arranged, one end of which is hinged to the test platform, and the other end is hinged to the first hinge point of the second dummy wheel; the second hinge chain is vertically arranged, one end of which is hinged to the test platform, and the other end is hinged to the third hinge point of the second dummy wheel; the second vertical force actuator and the second hinge chain cooperate with each other to make the wheel body of the first dummy wheel horizontal, so as to simulate the application of a vertical load to the second dummy wheel; The azimuth load loading assembly includes a first bearing wall, a first azimuth force actuator, and a second azimuth force actuator; The lower end of the first load-bearing wall is vertically fixed to the test platform, and the wall surface is perpendicular to the wheel body of the first dummy wheel; The first heading force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the first load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the second hinge point of the first dummy wheel, for simulating application of a heading load to the first dummy wheel; The second heading force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the first load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the second hinge point of the second dummy wheel, for simulating application of a heading load to the second dummy wheel; The lateral load loading assembly includes a second bearing wall, a third bearing wall, a first lateral force actuator, and a second lateral force actuator; The second bearing wall and the third bearing wall are respectively arranged on both sides of the test piece, and the lower ends are vertically fixed to the test platform and the wall surfaces are perpendicular to the mounting rods; The first lateral force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the second load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the fourth hinge point of the first dummy wheel, for simulating the application of a lateral load to the first dummy wheel; The second lateral force actuator is horizontally arranged, with one end hinged to the third load-bearing wall and the other end hinged to the fourth hinge point of the second dummy wheel, for simulating the application of a lateral load to the second dummy wheel; The restraining force loading assembly includes a restraining force actuator, a fourth fixing seat, a fifth fixing seat, a first hinge, and a first pull rod; The first hinge member is provided with a fifth hinge point, a sixth hinge point, and a seventh hinge point, and the sixth hinge point is located between the fifth hinge point and the seventh hinge point; The fourth fixing seat and the fifth fixing seat are both fixed on the first load-bearing wall, and the fourth fixing seat is located above the fifth fixing seat; One end of the restraining force actuator is hinged to the fourth fixing seat, and the other end is hinged to the fifth hinge point of the first hinge member; the seventh hinge point of the first hinge member is hinged to the fifth fixing seat; one end of the first pull rod is hinged to the end of the restraining rod away from the support, and the other end is hinged to the sixth hinge point of the first hinge member; the fifth hinge point, the sixth hinge point, the seventh hinge point, the restraining force actuator, the first pull rod, and the restraining rod are coplanar; The restraining force actuator, the first hinged member, and the first pull rod cooperate with each other to simulate applying a restraining force to the test piece; The ejection force loading assembly includes a fourth load-bearing wall, a load-bearing beam, an ejection force actuator, a second hinge, a second fixing seat, and a second pull rod; The lower end of the fourth load-bearing wall is vertically fixedly connected to the test platform; The second hinge member is provided with an eighth hinge point, a ninth hinge point, and a tenth hinge point, and the ninth hinge point is located between the eighth hinge point and the tenth hinge point; The ejection force actuator cylinder and the load-bearing beam are respectively arranged on both sides of the ejection rod, wherein one end of the load-bearing beam is fixedly connected to the fourth load-bearing wall, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second fixing seat; one end of the ejection force actuator cylinder is hinged to the eighth hinge point of the second hinge member, and the other end is hinged to the second fixing seat; The tenth hinge point of the second hinge member is hinged to the side wall of the load-bearing beam; One end of the second pull rod is hinged to the ninth hinge point of the second hinge member, and the other end is hinged to the end of the ejection rod away from the support pillar; The ejection force actuator, the second hinged member, and the second pull rod cooperate with each other to simulate applying an ejection force to the test piece.

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