The invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle for intelligent identification of a polar ice rink. The unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an aerial vehicle main body, a
solar battery pack,
rudder wings, a spiral
propeller and an observation cabin, the aircraft is powered by
solar energy, so that long endurance time can be achieved; the
rudder wings are symmetrically installed on the two sides of the aircraft body to achieve lifting and steering of the aircraft body. The spiral
propeller provides propulsive force and cooperates with the
rudder wings to complete lifting steering motion. A plurality of functional modules are arranged in the observation cabin, and the functions of ice rink recognition, aircraft and transport ship positioning,
data transmission, state monitoring and the like can be achieved. Illumination warning lamps are arranged on the front edges of the two wings of the aircraft, so that ice rink identification and
aircraft landing under the extremely night condition are facilitated. The invention also provides a polar ice rink intelligent identification method of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The
sea ice morphology around the navigation channel can be observed in detail and accurately, accurate
sea ice data can be obtained, the polar transport ship is helped to sail, a captain is assisted to make a decision, and the risk of distress is reduced.