The invention relates to a steel bridge
disease detection and identification method based on a large
language model, and belongs to the technical field of
artificial intelligence and
civil engineering crossing. According to the method, a cross-
modal feature alignment mechanism is constructed through a pre-trained multi-
modal large
language model by fusing a steel bridge image and a field customized text prompt, and a
cascade detection process of'component identification-
disease classification-region segmentation 'is realized. Comprising the following steps: designing a
structured text prompt word
bank to enhance
semantic consistency, and dynamically fusing general knowledge and instance features in combination with a mixed prompt mechanism; a multi-level cross-
modal alignment strategy is adopted to generate an anomaly graph, and a
disease area is accurately positioned; a visual prompt enhancement module is introduced to improve the multi-scale feature discrimination ability, and the robustness in a complex environment is adjusted and optimized through data self-adaption. Under the condition of few samples or even zero samples, high-sensitivity detection and pixel-level segmentation of steel bridge cracks,
corrosion and other diseases are achieved, and the problems that a traditional method is low in efficiency, poor in generalization, high in labor cost and the like are effectively solved.