Semi-automatic indexing device for three-axis vertical CNC machine tool

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a semi-automatic indexing device for a three-axis vertical numerical control machine tool, which comprises a base, a rotating shaft group, a driving assembly and an indexing assembly. The rotating shaft group comprises a flange shaft, an indexing gear and a ratchet wheel which are fixedly sleeved on the flange shaft. The driving assembly comprises a first vertical column, a sliding block, a pressing rod, a shift fork, a first return spring and a second return spring. The indexing assembly comprises a second vertical column, an indexing pin and a third return spring. The device can realize automatic indexing and continuous machining according to the required equal division angle of workpiece machining elements in cooperation with numerical control machine tool programming, does not need the participation of operators, greatly reduces the labor intensity of operators, has high machining efficiency, can play the automation advantages of the numerical control machine tool and has high adaptability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of machining technology, in particular to a semi-automatic indexing device for a three-axis vertical numerical control machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] When machining equal-angle elements of a rotary body on a three-axis vertical numerical control machine tool, an indexing head needs to be installed, then a three-jaw chuck or a special fixture is fixed on the indexing head, then the workpiece is fixed in the three-jaw chuck or the special fixture, and finally the circumferential angle of the workpiece is adjusted by rotating the indexing head to complete the machining of multiple equal-angle elements of the workpiece.

[0003] The existing indexing disc is generally manual, and the operator needs to rotate the indexing disc to adjust the circumferential angle of the workpiece. This machining method requires the operator to participate frequently, has high labor intensity, and has low adjustment efficiency, so it is difficult to exert the automation advantage of the numerical control machine tool and cannot adapt to the machining trend of increasing mechanization and automation. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the technical defects that the adjustment of the indexing disc on the existing three-axis vertical numerical control machine tool is time-consuming and laborious and cannot adapt to the machining trend of increasing mechanization and automation, the present application provides a semi-automatic indexing device for a three-axis vertical numerical control machine tool.

[0005] The semi-automatic indexing device for a three-axis vertical numerical control machine tool provided by the present application comprises:

[0006] a base adapted to be fixed on a machine tool workbench;

[0007] a rotating shaft group comprising a flange shaft, an indexing gear and a ratchet wheel fixedly sleeved on the flange shaft, the flange shaft being rotatably installed on the base and arranged in the X direction, and one end of the flange shaft being provided with a flange plate;

[0008] a driving assembly comprising a first stand column fixed on the base and located on one side of the ratchet wheel in the Y direction, the surface of the first stand column facing the ratchet wheel being provided with a sliding groove arranged in the Z direction, a sliding block being slidably connected in the sliding groove, the sliding block being provided with a first return spring driving the sliding block to move upward, a press rod being inserted in the gap of the top of the sliding groove, the surface of the sliding block facing the ratchet wheel being provided with a mounting groove, a pawl being hingedly connected in the mounting groove and the hinging axis of the pawl being arranged in the X direction, a tension spring being connected between the pawl and the mounting groove and adapted to drive the pawl to abut against the ratchet wheel, a yoke being slidably connected to the top of the first stand column, the sliding direction of the yoke being in the Z direction, the yoke being provided with a second return spring driving the yoke to move upward, and the yoke being provided with a pressing portion adapted to press the press rod;

[0009] The indexing assembly comprises a second column fixed on the base and located on the Y direction side of the indexing gear, the second column and the first column are located on the same side of the flange shaft, the second column is provided with a sliding hole arranged in the Y direction, a indexing pin is slidingly connected in the sliding hole, the indexing pin is provided with a third return spring for driving it to be close to the indexing gear, the end of the indexing pin towards the indexing gear is adapted with the teeth of the indexing gear, the X direction side of the indexing pin close to the first column is provided with a matching part, the shift fork is further provided with a driving part, the driving part is provided as a wedge surface, the wedge surface is suitable for driving the matching part away from the indexing gear.

[0010] When the shift fork is pressed down, the matching part is first contacted to drive the indexing pin away from the indexing gear, and then the pressure rod is contacted to drive the ratchet wheel to rotate through the pawl.

[0011] Optionally, the base comprises:

[0012] A bottom plate horizontally arranged and suitable for being fixed on the machine tool workbench;

[0013] Two vertical plates are provided and are both vertically fixed on the bottom plate, the plate faces of the two vertical plates are both perpendicular to the X direction axis, the two vertical plates are oppositely arranged and a gap is left between them, and the flange shaft is rotatably installed in the two vertical plates.

[0014] Optionally, the flange shaft is sequentially provided with a first threaded section, a first light rod section, a second threaded section, a second light rod section and a flange plate along the axial direction thereof, the ratchet wheel is connected on the first light rod section through a first key and is limited by the two nut members screwed on the first threaded section and the second threaded section at the axial two ends thereof, the two vertical plates are rotatably connected at the two ends of the second light rod section, and the indexing gear is connected on the middle part of the second light rod section through a second key and is limited by the two vertical plates at the axial two ends thereof.

[0015] Optionally, the indexing gear comprises:

[0016] A gear body provided with meshing teeth on the outer circular face thereof;

[0017] Two first bosses are provided on the axial two end faces of the gear body respectively, and the diameter of the first boss is smaller than that of the indexing gear.

[0018] Optionally, the flange plate comprises:

[0019] A disc body provided with a plurality of installation holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;

[0020] A second boss is provided on one end of the disc body close to the second light rod section, the diameter of the second boss is greater than that of the second light rod section and smaller than that of the disc body.

[0021] Optionally, the bottom end of the sliding block is provided with a first limiting column arranged in the Z direction, the first reset spring is sleeved on the first limiting column and the two ends thereof abut against the bottom surface of the sliding block and the groove bottom of the sliding groove respectively.

[0022] Optionally, the shifting fork comprises:

[0023] a horizontal rod arranged in the Y direction, the pressing part being arranged on the horizontal rod;

[0024] a vertical rod arranged in the Z direction, the upper end of the vertical rod being connected to the horizontal rod, and the driving part being arranged at the lower end of the vertical rod.

[0025] Optionally, a through hole is formed in the horizontal rod, a guide column is fixed to the top end of the first stand column, the guide column is gap-inserted in the through hole to realize the sliding connection between the shifting fork and the first stand column, and the second reset spring is sleeved on the guide column and the two ends thereof abut against the horizontal rod and the first stand column respectively.

[0026] Optionally, the vertical rod is connected to the middle part of the horizontal rod, the through hole is provided with two and is located at the two sides of the vertical rod respectively, the first stand column comprises a mounting column and a supporting column arranged in the Y direction, the mounting column faces the ratchet wheel, the top part of the mounting column and the supporting column is provided with the guide column, the two guide columns are gap-inserted in the two through holes respectively, and the second reset spring is sleeved on each guide column.

[0027] Optionally, the second stand column comprises a stand column body and an L-shaped baffle, the first baffle surface of the L-shaped baffle is horizontally arranged and fixed on the top surface of the stand column body, the second baffle surface of the L-shaped baffle is located on the Y direction side of the stand column body away from the indexing gear and a gap is left therebetween, the matching part is arranged at the end of the indexing pin away from the indexing gear, the end of the indexing pin away from the indexing gear is provided with a second limiting column arranged in the Y direction, and the third reset spring is sleeved on the second limiting column and the two ends thereof abut against the indexing pin and the second baffle surface of the L-shaped baffle respectively.

[0028] In use, firstly, the whole device is fixed on the machine tool workbench through the base; secondly, the flange plate is connected to the three-jaw chuck or clamp and the workpiece is installed; then a tool shank is installed on the machine tool to install a pressing rod and the tool is aligned to press the shifting fork, and the corresponding pressing program is also added in the numerical control program; finally, the workpiece is processed.

[0029] The workpiece processing comprises the following steps:

[0030] Firstly, a first group of machining elements of the workpiece is processed;

[0031] Second, after processing, the machine tool calls the tool holder with the installed pressing rod under the control of the numerical control program, and controls the pressing rod to press the fork, the fork is pressed to move downward, the fork first drives the index pin to separate from the index gear through the wedge surface, then continues to move downward, and then drives the slider to move downward through the pressing rod, so as to drive the ratchet to move downward, and then drive the ratchet wheel to rotate, control the descending displacement of the pawl to make the ratchet wheel rotate one tooth, and the central angle of the adjacent teeth of the ratchet wheel and the index gear is consistent with the central angle between the adjacent machining elements of the workpiece, then the index gear will rotate one tooth synchronously, at this time the tool holder retreats, the fork rises under the action of the second reset spring, the slider rises under the action of the first reset spring, the index pin abuts on the index gear under the action of the third reset spring, and each part returns to the original position, and one indexing is completed;

[0032] Third, machining the second group of machining elements of the workpiece;

[0033] Fourth, repeat the second step, perform the second indexing, and sequentially continue until all machining elements of the workpiece are machined.

[0034] The technical scheme provided by the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0035] The semi-automatic indexing device provided by the present application for the three-axis vertical numerical control machine tool can realize automatic indexing and continuous machining according to the required equal division angle of the machining elements of the workpiece in cooperation with the programming of the numerical control machine tool, without the participation of the operator, greatly reducing the labor intensity of the operator, and having high machining efficiency, which can play the automation advantage of the numerical control machine tool and has strong adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical schemes in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows, and obviously, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0038] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the semi-automatic indexing device in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 2 The use state diagram of the semi-automatic indexing device in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 3 The exploded schematic diagram of the semi-automatic indexing device in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0041] Figure 4 Figure 1 is an exploded schematic diagram showing the slider and related structures in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram showing the base in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram showing the flange shaft in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram showing the indexing gear in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 8 Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram showing the shift fork in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 9 Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram showing the indexing pin in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 10 Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram showing the slider in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 11 Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram showing the pawl in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] In the figure:

[0050] 1, base; 11, bottom plate; 111, U-shaped groove; 12, vertical plate;

[0051] 2, rotating shaft group; 21, flange shaft; 211, flange plate; 2111, plate body; 2112, second boss; 212, first threaded section; 213, first light pole section; 214, second threaded section; 215, second light pole section; 216, first key; 217, second key; 22, indexing gear; 221, gear body; 222, first boss; 23, ratchet wheel;

[0052] 3, driving assembly; 31, first vertical column; 311, sliding groove; 3111, guide waist hole; 312, guide column; 313, mounting column; 314, support column; 32, slider; 321, mounting groove; 3211, first hanging hole; 33, first return spring; 34, pressing rod; 341, fourth return spring; 35, pawl; 351, second hanging hole; 36, tension spring; 37, shift fork; 371, horizontal rod; 3711, pressure connection part; 3712, through hole; 372, vertical rod; 3721, driving part; 38, second return spring; 39, first limiting column;

[0053] 4, indexing assembly; 41, second vertical column; 411, sliding hole; 42, indexing pin; 421, matching part; 43, third return spring; 44, L-shaped baffle; 45, second limiting column;

[0054] 5. clamp; 51. connecting plate; 52. mounting column; 53. cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the schemes of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0056] In the description, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the examples in the specification are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0058] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] In one embodiment, with reference to Figures 1 to 4A semi-automatic indexing device for a three-axis vertical CNC machine tool includes a base 1, a rotating shaft assembly 2, a drive assembly 3, and an indexing assembly 4. The base 1 is adapted to be fixed on the machine tool worktable. The rotating shaft assembly 2 includes a flange shaft 21 and an indexing gear 22 and a ratchet 23 fixedly sleeved on the flange shaft 21. The flange shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the base 1 and arranged in the X-direction, with a flange 211 at one end. The drive assembly 3 includes a first column 31, which is fixed on the base 1 and located on the Y-direction side of the ratchet 23. A Z-oriented groove 311 is formed on the surface facing the ratchet 23. A slider 32 is slidably connected within the groove 311. The slider 32 is equipped with a first return spring 33 that drives it to move upward. A pressure rod 34 is inserted into the gap at the top of the groove 311. A mounting groove 321 is formed on the surface of the slider 32 facing the ratchet 23. A pawl 35 is hinged within the mounting groove 321 with its hinge axis arranged in the X direction. A tension spring 36 connects the pawl 35 to the mounting groove 321. The tension spring 36 is adapted to drive the pawl 35 to abut against the ratchet 23. The top of the first column 31 is slidably connected. The system includes a shift fork 37, which slides in the Z-direction. The shift fork 37 is equipped with a second return spring 38 that drives it upwards. The shift fork 37 has a pressing part 3711 suitable for pressing the pressing rod 34. The indexing assembly 4 includes a second column 41, which is fixed to the base 1 and located on the Y-direction side of the indexing gear 22. The second column 41 and the first column 31 are located on the same side of the flange shaft 21. The second column 41 has a Y-direction arranged sliding hole 411, and an indexing pin 42 is slidably connected within the sliding hole 411. The indexing pin 42 is equipped with a mechanism to drive it closer to the base 22. The third return spring 43 of the indexing gear 22, the end of the indexing pin 42 facing the indexing gear 22 is adapted to the teeth of the indexing gear 22, the indexing pin 42 extends to the X-direction side near the first column 31 and is provided with a mating part 421, the shift fork 37 is also provided with a driving part 3721, the driving part 3721 is provided with a wedge-shaped surface, the wedge-shaped surface is suitable for driving the mating part 421 away from the indexing gear 22; when the shift fork 37 is pressed down, it first contacts the mating part 421 to drive the indexing pin 42 to disengage from the indexing gear 22, and then contacts the pressure rod 34 to drive the ratchet 23 to rotate through the pawl 35.

[0060] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 The base 1 includes a base plate 11 and a vertical plate 12. The base plate 11 is horizontally arranged and suitable for fixing on the machine tool workbench. There are two vertical plates 12, both of which are vertically fixed on the base plate 11. The surfaces of the two vertical plates 12 are perpendicular to the X-axis. The two vertical plates 12 are arranged opposite each other with a gap between them. The flange shaft 21 is rotatably installed in the two vertical plates 12.

[0061] Specifically, the bottom plate 11 is provided with a U-shaped groove 111, a bolt is penetrated through the U-shaped groove 111, the bolt head is pressed in the upper part of the U-shaped groove 111, the bolt bottom is screwed with a T-shaped block clamped in the T-shaped groove of the machine tool workbench, so as to realize the fixation of the bottom plate 11 on the machine tool workbench. As an alternative embodiment, the fixation of the bottom plate 11 on the machine tool workbench can also be realized by a pressing plate or other commonly used structures.

[0062] Specifically, the vertical plate 12 can be fixed on the bottom plate 11 by welding or gluing or other commonly used means.

[0063] It is easy to understand that two points determine a straight line, and two vertical plates 12 can make the installation of the flange shaft 21 more stable.

[0064] The base 1 of the embodiment is convenient for fixation on the machine tool workbench, and also convenient for installation of the flange shaft 21, and the structure is relatively simple. In other embodiments, the base 1 can also be a block structure, the block structure has a connecting lug extending outward from the bottom to connect with the machine tool workbench, and the flange shaft 21 is inserted into the block structure to form a cantilever structure.

[0065] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 6 , the flange shaft 21 is sequentially provided with a first threaded section 212, a first light pole section 213, a second threaded section 214, a second light pole section 215 and a flange plate 211 along the axial direction, the ratchet wheel 23 is sleeved on the first light pole section 213 through a first key 216 and is limited by the nut members screwed on the first threaded section 212 and the second threaded section 214 at the two axial ends respectively, the two vertical plates 12 are rotatably sleeved at the two ends of the second light pole section 215, and the indexing gear 22 is sleeved on the middle part of the second light pole section 215 through a second key 217 and is limited by the two vertical plates 12 at the two axial ends respectively. The indexing gear 22 and the ratchet wheel 23 can be detachably installed on the flange shaft 21, and by replacing the indexing gears 22 and the ratchet wheels 23 with different teeth, different workpieces can be processed. In other embodiments, the ratchet wheel 23 and the indexing gear 22 can also be welded and fixed on the flange shaft 21 to process specific workpieces.

[0066] Further, referring to Figure 7The index gear 22 comprises a gear body 221 and a first boss 222. The outer circumferential surface of the gear body 221 is provided with engagement teeth. The first boss 222 is provided with two first bosses 222 respectively arranged on the axial two end surfaces of the gear body 221. The diameter of the first boss 222 is smaller than that of the index gear 22. The axial two end surfaces of the index gear 22 are in contact with the vertical plates 12 through the first boss 222. Compared with the direct contact between the gear body 221 and the vertical plates 12, the contact area is reduced, thereby reducing the friction and making the rotation of the index gear 22 more smooth. In other embodiments, the first boss 222 can be omitted, and the index gear 22 can only comprise the gear body 221. The axial two end surfaces of the gear body 221 are directly in contact with the two vertical plates 12.

[0067] Further, referring to Figure 6 The flange plate 211 comprises a plate body 2111 and a second boss 2112. The plate body 2111 is provided with a plurality of installation holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The second boss 2112 is arranged on one end of the plate body 2111 close to the second light rod section 215. The diameter of the second boss 2112 is greater than that of the second light rod section 215 and smaller than that of the plate body 2111. The one end of the flange plate 211 close to the second light rod section 215 is in contact with the vertical plates 12 through the second boss 2112. Compared with the direct contact between the plate body 2111 and the vertical plates 12, the contact area is reduced, thereby reducing the friction and making the rotation of the gear plate more smooth. In other embodiments, the second boss 2112 can be omitted, and the gear plate can only comprise the plate body 2111. The plate body 2111 is directly in contact with the vertical plates 12.

[0068] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 4 The bottom end of the sliding block 32 is provided with a first limiting column 39 arranged in the Z direction. The first reset spring 33 is sleeved on the first limiting column 39 and the two ends thereof are respectively abutted against the bottom surface of the sliding block 32 and the groove bottom of the sliding groove 311. When the sliding block 32 is pressed, the first reset spring 33 is compressed. When the pressed state of the sliding block 32 is released, the sliding block 32 is reset under the action of the first reset spring 33. The first limiting column 39 is used to limit the first reset spring 33, so as to avoid the tilting and falling of the first reset spring 33. It should be noted that the length of the first limiting column 39 needs to be smaller than the maximum distance between the sliding block 32 and the groove bottom of the sliding groove 311, so as to reserve the movement allowance of the sliding block 32. In other embodiments, a hanging ear can be arranged on the sliding block 32. One end of the first reset spring 33 is connected to the groove top of the sliding groove 311, and the other end is connected to the hanging ear. When the sliding block 32 is pressed, the first reset spring 33 is in a stretched state. When the pressed state of the sliding block 32 is released, the sliding block 32 is reset under the action of the first reset spring 33.

[0069] In this embodiment, the sliding connection between the sliding block 32 and the sliding groove 311 adopts the following structure: referring to Figure 4On the X-direction two side walls of the sliding slot 311, guide waist holes 3111 are formed, and a pin shaft arranged in the X-direction is fixedly inserted on the sliding block 32, and the two ends of the pin shaft are respectively arranged in the two guide waist holes 3111, so that the sliding connection of the sliding block 32 and the sliding slot 311 is realized. In other embodiments, a guide hole can also be formed in the groove bottom of the sliding slot 311, a threaded hole is formed in the bottom surface of the sliding block 32, a guide rod is penetrated through the guide hole from the bottom gap, and the top of the guide rod is screwed in the threaded hole, and the sliding connection of the sliding block 32 and the sliding slot 311 is realized through the cooperation of the guide rod and the guide hole.

[0070] Further, the pawl 35 is hinged on the pin shaft.

[0071] In the embodiment, with reference to Figure 3 In order to facilitate the installation of the sliding block 32, the sliding block 32 and the pressing rod 34 are separately arranged, the bottom end of the pressing rod 34 is only abutted on the top of the sliding block 32, and the pressing rod 34 is not connected with the sliding block 32, the top of the pressing rod 34 is provided with a stop head, and the fourth reset spring 341 is arranged between the stop head and the top surface of the first vertical column 31, and the pressing rod 34 is reset under the action of the fourth reset spring 341 after the pressing state is released. In other embodiments, the fourth reset spring 341 can also be cancelled, the sliding block 32 is reset under the action of the first reset spring 33, and the pressing rod 34 is supported on the sliding block 32 under the action of gravity, so that the sliding block 32 is also driven to reset when the sliding block 32 is reset; the pressing rod 34 and the sliding block 32 can also be fixed as a whole by welding or gluing or other means after the separate installation of the sliding block 32 and the pressing rod 34, and the fourth reset spring 341 is used as the first reset spring 33.

[0072] In the embodiment, with reference to Figure 8 The shift fork 37 includes a horizontal rod 371 and a vertical rod 372, the horizontal rod 371 is arranged in the Y direction, a pressing portion 3711 is arranged on the horizontal rod 371, the vertical rod 372 is arranged in the Z direction, the upper end of the vertical rod 372 is connected to the horizontal rod 371, and a driving portion 3721 is arranged on the lower end of the vertical rod 372.

[0073] Specifically, the top of the vertical rod 372 is connected to the horizontal rod 371 through a connecting rod to meet the relative position requirements of the pressing portion 3711 and the driving portion 3721. As an alternative embodiment, the top of the vertical rod 372 can also be directly fixed on the horizontal rod 371, and the horizontal rod 371 or the vertical rod 372 is arranged to be wider to meet the relative position requirements of the pressing portion 3711 and the driving portion 3721.

[0074] Specifically, the horizontal rod 371 is provided with a through hole 3712, the top end of the first column 31 is fixed with a guide column 312, the guide column 312 is gap-fitted in the through hole 3712 to achieve the sliding connection between the fork 37 and the first column 31, and the second reset spring 38 is sleeved on the guide column 312 and abuts against the horizontal rod 371 and the first column 31 at both ends. This structure is convenient to assemble and reliable in performance. As an alternative embodiment, the fork 37 and the first column 31 can also achieve the sliding connection through a guide rail pair or other commonly used structures.

[0075] More specifically, the vertical rod 372 is connected to the middle part of the horizontal rod 371, the through hole 3712 is provided with two and is located at both sides of the vertical rod 372 respectively, the first column 31 includes a Y-direction distributed mounting column 313 and a supporting column 314, the mounting column 313 faces the ratchet wheel 23, the top of the mounting column 313 and the supporting column 314 is provided with a guide column 312, the two guide columns 312 are gap-fitted in the two through holes 3712 respectively, and each guide column 312 is sleeved with a second reset spring 38. The fork 37 is guided by the two guide columns 312, so that its movement is more stable.

[0076] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 9 , the second column 41 includes a column body and an L-shaped baffle 44, the first panel of the L-shaped baffle 44 is horizontally arranged and fixed on the top surface of the column body, the second panel of the L-shaped baffle 44 is located on the Y-direction side of the column body away from the indexing gear 22 and has a gap therebetween, the cooperation part 421 is arranged at the end of the indexing pin 42 away from the indexing gear 22, the end of the indexing pin 42 away from the indexing gear 22 is provided with a Y-direction arranged second limiting column 45, and the third reset spring 43 is sleeved on the second limiting column 45 and abuts against the indexing pin 42 and the second panel of the L-shaped baffle 44 at both ends. Through the arrangement of the L-shaped baffle 44, the main body of the indexing pin 42 is inserted into the sliding hole 411, both ends of which are externally extended from the second column 41, so that the support is more stable. In other embodiments, the sliding hole 411 can also be a blind hole, part of the indexing pin 42 is inserted into the blind hole, and the third reset spring 43 is pressed between the end surface of the indexing pin 42 and the bottom of the blind hole to form a cantilever structure.

[0077] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 5 , the bottom plate 11 is provided with a bottom hole at a position corresponding to the first column 31 and the second column 41, the bottom surface of the first column 31 and the second column 41 is provided with a threaded hole, and a bolt is used to penetrate the bottom hole from below and then screwed into the threaded hole to fix the column on the bottom plate 11. In other embodiments, the first column 31 and the second column 41 can also be fixed on the bottom plate 11 by welding or gluing or other commonly used means.

[0078] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11A first hanging hole 3211 is provided at the bottom of the installation groove 321, and a second hanging hole 351 is provided eccentrically on the pawl 35. The two ends of the tension spring 36 are respectively hooked in the first hanging hole 3211 and the second hanging hole 351. In other embodiments, a fixed shaft can be provided on the installation groove 321 and the pawl 35, and the two ends of the tension spring 36 are respectively hooked on the two fixed shafts.

[0079] In addition, referring to Figure 8 The top two through holes 3712 of the fork 37 are provided with a contact boss, which is used to fit a pressing rod installed in the tool magazine of the machine tool. In other embodiments, the pressing rod can directly press the top surface of the fork 37.

[0080] It should be noted that Figure 1 The special fixture 5 for the workpiece connected to the flange plate 211 is shown in FIG. 11, which includes a connecting plate 51, an installation cylinder 52, and a cover plate 53. The connecting plate 51 is connected to the flange plate 211 by bolts, the workpiece is sleeved on the installation cylinder 52, and the cover plate 53 is fixed on the end face of the installation cylinder 52 by screws to press and fix the workpiece. In other embodiments, the flange plate 211 can also be connected to a three-jaw chuck, and the workpiece is installed on the three-jaw chuck.

[0081] The installation process of the semi-automatic indexing device described in this embodiment is as follows:

[0082] S1. Place the installation column 313, the support column 314, and the second column 41 on the base plate 11, and fix the three columns by three screws from the bottom surface;

[0083] S2. Place the pawl 35 in the installation groove 321 of the sliding block 32, and then place both in the sliding groove 311 of the first column 31. A pin shaft is used to penetrate the guide waist hole 3111 of the sliding block 32, the pawl 35, and the first column 31, so that the sliding block 32 and the pawl 35 are connected to the first column 31 at the same time, and the pawl 35 can rotate around the pin shaft and the sliding block 32 can slide up and down in the guide waist hole 3111 of the first column 31;

[0084] S3. The first reset spring 33 is sleeved on the first limiting column 39, one end of the tension spring 36 is hung in the second hanging hole 351 above the pawl 35, and the other end is hung in the first hanging hole 3211 of the installation groove 321;

[0085] S4. Place the indexing gear 22 between the two vertical plates 12, and then pass the flange shaft 21 with the second key 217 through the vertical plate 12 and the inner hole of the indexing gear 22. Then, the nut part on the second threaded section 214 is fastened to limit the flange shaft 21 to only rotate in the vertical plate 12 and cannot move axially.

[0086] S5. The first key 216 is placed in the key groove of the first light pole section 213 of the flange shaft 21, the key groove of the ratchet 23 is aligned with the first key 216, the wedge-shaped teeth on the outer circumference of the ratchet 23 are engaged with the pawl 35, and the ratchet 23 is sleeved into the flange shaft 21, the nut member on the first threaded section 212 is fastened, and the relative rotation and axial movement between the ratchet 23 and the flange shaft 21 are limited;

[0087] S6. The lower end of the pressing rod 34 is sleeved with the fourth reset spring 341 and inserted into the top guide hole of the first vertical column 31;

[0088] S7. The two second reset springs 38 are respectively sleeved on the guide column 312 of the mounting column 313 and the supporting column 314, and then the yoke 37 is placed on the two by matching the two through holes 3712 with the guide column 312;

[0089] S8. The index pin 42 is inserted into the sliding hole 411 of the second vertical column 41, the front end triangular structure is matched with the triangular teeth of the index gear 22, the third reset spring 43 is sleeved on the second limiting column 45 at the rear end of the index pin 42, the first plate surface of the L-shaped baffle is fixed on the top surface of the second vertical column 41 by a screw to press the third reset spring 43, and the installation is completed.

[0090] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Although the foregoing embodiments are described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and they should be covered in the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic indexing device for use on a three-axis vertical CNC machine tool, characterised in that, The utility model relates to a numerical control worktable, including: Base (1) is suitable for fixed on lathe workstation, Rotary shaft group (2) includes flange shaft (21) and fixed sleeve on flange shaft (21) on index gear (22) and ratchet wheel (23), flange shaft (21) is rotatably installed on base (1) and X is arranged, and the one end of flange shaft (21) is equipped with flange (211), Drive assembly (3) includes first column (31), and first column (31) is fixed on base (1) and is located Y one side of ratchet wheel (23), and the surface of first column (31) towards ratchet wheel (23) is provided with the sliding slot (311) of Z arrangement, the sliding slot (311) is slidably connected with slider (32), and slider (32) is provided with the first reset spring (33) of driving it to move up, and the top gap of sliding slot (311) is inserted with pressure rod (34), and the surface of slider (32) towards ratchet wheel (23) is provided with mounting groove (321), and mounting groove (321) is hingedly connected with pawl (35) and the hinging axis X is arranged, and the pull spring (36) is connected between pawl (35) and mounting groove (321), and the pull spring (36) is suitable for driving pawl (35) and abutting ratchet wheel (23), and the top of first column (31) is slidably connected with shift fork (37), and the sliding direction of shift fork (37) is Z, and shift fork (37) is provided with the second reset spring (38) of driving it to move up, and shift fork (37) is equipped with the pressure bonding portion (3711) suitable for pressure bonding pressure rod (34), Index assembly (4) includes second column (41), and second column (41) is fixed on base (1) and is located Y one side of index gear (22), and second column (41) and first column (31) are located on the same side of flange shaft (21), and second column (41) is provided with the sliding hole (411) of Y arrangement, and the sliding hole (411) is slidably connected with index pin (42), and index pin (42) is provided with the third reset spring (43) of driving it to be close to index gear (22), and the end of index pin (42) towards index gear (22) is adapted with the tooth of index gear (22), and the X one side of index pin (42) close to first column (31) is extended and is provided with cooperation portion (421), and shift fork (37) is further provided with driving portion (3721), and driving portion (3721) is provided as wedge surface, and the wedge surface is suitable for driving cooperation portion (421) and away from index gear (22), When shift fork (37) is pressed down, first contact cooperation portion (421) and drive index pin (42) and separate index gear (22), then contact pressure rod (34) and drive ratchet wheel (23) to rotate through pawl (35). The base (1) comprises a bottom plate (11) and vertical plates (12), the bottom plate (11) is horizontally arranged and is suitable for being fixed on a machine tool workbench, the vertical plates (12) are provided with two plates and are both fixed vertically on the bottom plate (11), the plate faces of the two vertical plates (12) are both perpendicular to the X-axis, the two vertical plates (12) are oppositely arranged and have a gap therebetween, and the flange shaft (21) is rotatably installed in the two vertical plates (12); the flange shaft (21) is sequentially provided with a first threaded section (212) with gradually increasing diameter, a first light rod section (213), a second threaded section (214), a second light rod section (215) and a flange plate (211) along the axial direction thereof, the ratchet wheel (23) is sleeved on the first light rod section (213) through a first key (216) and is limited in the axial direction by nut members screwed on the first threaded section (212) and the second threaded section (214) at both ends, respectively, and the two vertical plates (12) are rotatably sleeved at both ends of the second light rod section (215), and the index gear (22) is sleeved on the middle part of the second light rod section (215) through a second key (217) and is limited in the axial direction by the two vertical plates (12) at both ends, respectively.

2. Semi-automatic indexing device for use on a three-axis vertical numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The index gear (22) comprises: a gear body (221) provided with meshing teeth on the outer circular face; first bosses (222) provided with two bosses and arranged at the axial ends of the gear body (221), respectively, and the diameter of the first bosses (222) is smaller than that of the index gear (22).

3. The semi-automatic indexing device for use on a three-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flange plate (211) comprises: a disc body (2111) provided with a plurality of installation holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction; a second boss (2112) provided on one end of the disc body (2111) close to the second light rod section (215), and the diameter of the second boss (2112) is greater than that of the second light rod section (215) and smaller than that of the disc body (2111).

4. The semi-automatic indexing device for use on a three-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the sliding block (32) is provided with a first limiting column (39) arranged in the Z direction, and the first return spring (33) is sleeved on the first limiting column (39) and abuts against the bottom face of the sliding block (32) and the groove bottom of the sliding groove (311) at both ends, respectively.

5. A semi-automatic indexing device for use on a three-axis vertical CNC machine tool as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that, The shifting fork (37) comprises: a cross rod (371) arranged in the Y direction, and a pressing portion (3711) is arranged on the cross rod (371); a vertical rod (372) arranged in the Z direction, and the upper end of the vertical rod (372) is connected to the cross rod (371), and a driving portion (3721) is arranged on the lower end of the vertical rod (372).

6. Semi-automatic indexing device for use on a three-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, A through hole (3712) is formed in the cross rod (371), the top end of the first stand column (31) is fixed with a guide column (312), the guide column (312) is gap-inserted in the through hole (3712) to realize the sliding connection between the shifting fork (37) and the first stand column (31), and the second return spring (38) is sleeved on the guide column (312) and abuts against the cross rod (371) and the first stand column (31) at both ends, respectively.

7. Semi-automatic indexing device for use on a three-axis vertical numerical control machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vertical rod (372) is connected to the middle part of the horizontal rod (371), the through hole (3712) is provided with two and is respectively located at two sides of the vertical rod (372), the first stand (31) includes Y direction distribution installation column (313) and support column (314), the installation column (313) is toward the ratchet (23), the top of the installation column (313) and support column (314) is provided with the guide column (312), two guide columns (312) are respectively gap inserted in two through holes (3712), and each guide column (312) is all sleeved with the second reset spring (38).

8. A semi-automatic indexing device for use on a three-axis vertical CNC machine tool as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that, The second stand (41) includes stand body and L type baffle (44), the first board of the L type baffle (44) is horizontally arranged and is fixed on the top surface of the stand body, the second board of the L type baffle (44) is located at the Y direction side of the stand body away from the index gear (22) and is left with a gap, the matching part (421) is located at the end of the index pin (42) away from the index gear (22), the end of the index pin (42) away from the index gear (22) is provided with Y direction arrangement second limit column (45), the third reset spring (43) is sleeved on the second limit column (45) and two ends are respectively abutted with the index pin (42) and the second board of the L type baffle (44).

Images