A millimeter-wave antenna and mobile terminal

Abstract

This invention provides a millimeter-wave antenna and a mobile terminal. The millimeter-wave antenna sequentially includes a first metal layer, a dielectric substrate, and a second metal layer. The dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is covered by the first metal layer, and a slot structure is formed in the first metal layer. The second surface is covered by the second metal layer, and a first feed port and a second feed port are formed in the second metal layer, spaced apart. A plurality of spaced metal vias are provided at the edge of the slot structure, and the metal vias are longitudinally connected to the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The millimeter-wave antenna of this invention can achieve dual-polarized radiation with a single antenna, reducing the number of antennas required and lowering production costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a millimeter-wave antenna and a mobile terminal. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing technologies typically require two antennas to be fed in different directions to achieve dual polarization. For example, if the x-axis and y-axis are two mutually perpendicular arrays, then when the x-axis array is fed, the PCB board must be along the x-axis. In this case, the feed point of the y-axis array is relatively far from the PCB board arranged in the x-axis, making y-axis array feeding more complicated.

[0003] In other words, feeding from different directions will cause great inconvenience when assembling millimeter-wave antennas in practice, because if the directions of the feed ports are orthogonal, it will inevitably lead to great difficulty in feeding from the other direction when assembling the array in one direction.

[0004] In view of this, it is indeed necessary for the present invention to propose a co-directionally fed millimeter-wave antenna, and the millimeter-wave antenna can be applied to 5G mobile terminals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a millimeter-wave antenna that can achieve dual-polarized radiation with a single antenna, which not only reduces the number of antennas required but also lowers production costs.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a millimeter-wave antenna, which sequentially comprises a first metal layer, a dielectric substrate, and a second metal layer. The dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is covered by the first metal layer, and a slot structure is formed on the first metal layer. The second surface is covered by the second metal layer, and the second metal layer has a first feed port and a second feed port, which are spaced apart. A plurality of spaced metal vias are provided at the edge of the slot structure, and the metal vias connect the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the gap structure is a centrally symmetrical cross structure, and the gap structure is a centrally symmetrical X-shaped structure.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the slit structure is located at the middle position of the first surface.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the gap structure is a centrally symmetrical butterfly-shaped structure, the butterfly-shaped structure including a first gap, a second gap, a third gap and a fourth gap, the first gap, the second gap, the third gap and the fourth gap being connected in sequence.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the tilt angle range of the first gap, the second gap, the third gap and the fourth gap being connected in sequence is 45° to 90°.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the straight line where the first power supply port is located is parallel to the straight line where the second power supply port is located.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first power supply port and the second power supply port are symmetrically arranged, and both the first power supply port and the second power supply port are rectangular in shape.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a decoupling structure is provided between the first power supply port and the second power supply port, one end of the decoupling structure is connected to the second metal layer, and the other end of the decoupling structure is a free end.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the length L1 of the decoupling structure is in the range of 1.5 to 1.8 mm.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the metal vias are arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of the metal vias connect the first metal layer and the second metal layer to form a relatively enclosed space.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, both the first feed port and the second feed port are configured as microstrip lines, the microstrip lines are located on the second surface and connected to the second metal layer, and the microstrip lines are fed by a plurality of metal vias.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spacing between the plurality of metal vias ranges from 0.1 to 0.5 mm, and the diameter d of the metal vias ranges from 0.2 to 1 mm.

[0018] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mobile terminal that can better utilize the aforementioned millimeter-wave antenna.

[0019] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal including the aforementioned millimeter-wave antenna.

[0020] This invention provides a millimeter-wave antenna, which sequentially comprises a first metal layer, a dielectric substrate, and a second metal layer. The dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is covered by the first metal layer, and a slot structure is formed in the first metal layer. The second surface is covered by the second metal layer, and the second metal layer has a first feed port and a second feed port, which are spaced apart. A plurality of spaced metal vias are provided at the edge of the slot structure, and the metal vias are longitudinally connected to the first metal layer and the second metal layer. This invention's millimeter-wave antenna can achieve dual-polarized radiation with a single antenna, reducing the number of antennas required and lowering production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the millimeter-wave antenna of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 The figure shows the simulation results of the electric field distribution of the millimeter-wave antenna of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 The simulation structure diagram of the reflection coefficient S11 of the first feed port of the millimeter-wave antenna of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 4 The simulation structure diagram shows the reflection coefficient S22 of the second feed port of the millimeter-wave antenna of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 The radiation pattern of the first feed port of the millimeter-wave antenna of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 The radiation pattern of the second feed port of the millimeter-wave antenna of the present invention.

[0027] The labels in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0028] Millimeter-wave antenna 100, dielectric substrate 10, first metal layer 20, second metal layer 30, slot structure 40, first feed port 50, second feed port 51, decoupling structure 60, metal via 70. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The millimeter-wave antenna 100 and mobile terminal proposed in this invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of this invention. Furthermore, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of the actual structure. In particular, different proportions may be used in different drawings to illustrate different aspects.

[0030] This invention provides a millimeter-wave antenna 100, which is used in mobile terminals, such as mobile phones, tablets, or laptops.

[0031] Currently, to achieve dual polarization, existing technologies generally require designing two or more antennas and feeding them in different directions. However, feeding in different directions can cause great inconvenience when assembling millimeter-wave antennas. If the directions of the feeding ports are orthogonal, it will be extremely difficult to feed the other direction when assembling the antenna in one direction.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the millimeter-wave antenna 100 sequentially includes a first metal layer 20, a dielectric substrate 10, and a second metal layer 30; the dielectric substrate 10 includes a first surface and a second surface, the first surface is covered by the first metal layer 20, and a slot structure 40 is formed on the first metal layer 20; the second surface is covered by the second metal layer 30, and the second metal layer 30 has a first feed port 50 and a second feed port 51, which are spaced apart; a plurality of spaced metal vias 70 are provided at the edge of the slot structure 40, and the metal vias 70 connect the first metal layer 20 and the second metal layer 30.

[0033] The millimeter-wave antenna of this invention is a dual-polarized millimeter-wave antenna that is fed from a single antenna in the same direction, making it suitable for 5G mobile terminals. Specifically, the millimeter-wave antenna is fed along the bottom edge of the antenna, with a dielectric substrate and a second metal layer forming a PCB board. This configuration allows the PCB board to be placed near the bottom edge, making it suitable for mobile terminal antenna designs with limited space. Compared to traditional millimeter-wave antennas, it eliminates the need for two or more antennas to be fed in different directions to achieve dual polarization, and avoids the significant inconvenience caused by feeding from different directions during actual millimeter-wave antenna array assembly.

[0034] Furthermore, the slot structure 40 is a centrally symmetrical X-shaped structure, preferably located at the center of the first surface. Alternatively, the slot structure 40 can be a cross structure, where the angles between each small slot in the X-shaped structure differ by 90 degrees. This slot structure 40 serves as the main radiating structure of the millimeter antenna of the present invention.

[0035] Preferably, the slot structure 40 is a centrally symmetrical butterfly-shaped structure, comprising a first slot, a second slot, a third slot, and a fourth slot, which are sequentially connected. The angle between the sequentially connected first, second, third, and fourth slots ranges from 45° to 90°. This configuration better achieves the radiation effect of the millimeter-wave antenna 100 of the present invention, improves the antenna's radiation gain, and also has a certain aesthetic appeal. Preferably, the angle is configured to 45°, at which point the antenna not only achieves dual polarization but also optimizes the overall radiation gain, resulting in the best radiation effect.

[0036] Specifically, the entire radiating antenna is mounted on a dielectric substrate 10, which includes a first surface and a second surface, i.e., two sides. The first surface is covered with a first metal layer 20, and a slit is formed in the middle of the first metal layer 20. Preferably, this slit is configured as a butterfly-shaped slit, meaning that the butterfly-shaped slit in the middle does not have a metal covering layer. A second metal layer 30 is covered on the second surface, such as... Figure 1 As shown in the right-hand image, a second metal layer 30 is covered on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate 10, and a first feed port 50 and a second feed port 51 are respectively provided at the lower end of the bottom layer. The first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51 are not covered by a metal layer, and the uncovered area is arranged in a double "convex" shape. The relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate 10 is 2.2. Preferably, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 10 of the present invention is 0.254 mm. A plurality of metal vias 70 are provided on the upper and lower edges of the entire antenna. The plurality of metal vias 70 connect the bottom floor and the upper metal area. Specifically, from the perspective of the first surface, the plurality of metal vias 70 surround a butterfly-shaped gap, and the spacing of the metal vias 70 located at the lower position is larger than the spacing distance at other positions, so as to correspond to the area of ​​the second surface that is not covered by metal. From the perspective of the second surface, the plurality of metal vias 70 correspond to the metal vias 70 on the first surface. Several metal vias 70 connect the first metal layer 20 and the second metal layer 30, thus forming a relatively enclosed space.

[0037] Preferably, the straight line containing the first feed port 50 is parallel to the straight line containing the second feed port 51, and the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51 are symmetrically arranged, both being rectangular in shape. Further, a decoupling structure 60 is provided between the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51. One end of the decoupling structure 60 is connected to the second metal layer 30, and the other end is a free end. This arrangement is because the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51 are relatively close, which can cause coupling problems that affect the overall performance of the antenna. By providing the decoupling structure 60 between the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51, the coupling between them can be effectively reduced. Preferably, the length L1 of the decoupling structure 60 is in the range of 1.5–1.8 mm.

[0038] As a further improvement of the present invention, the metal vias 70 are cylindrical, and a plurality of the metal vias 70 connect the first metal layer 20 and the second metal layer 30 to form a relatively enclosed space. A relatively enclosed space means that the metal vias 70 connect the first metal layer 20 and the second metal layer 30, so that locally the metal vias 70 and the upper and lower metal layers can be regarded as a relatively enclosed metal box, and the vertical upper and lower surfaces of the plurality of metal vias 70 are like the sides of a box. Further, the spacing s of each metal via 70 is 0.1–0.5 mm, each metal via 70 has the same structure, and its diameter d is 0.2–1 mm. Preferably, the length L of the resonant cavity of the millimeter-wave antenna 100 of the present invention ranges from 7.0 mm ± 0.1 mm, the length Ls of the butterfly-shaped slits ranges from 3.5 mm ± 0.1 mm, and the width Ws of the first to fourth slits ranges from 2.4 mm ± 0.1 mm.

[0039] Furthermore, both the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51 are configured as microstrip lines. These microstrip lines are located on the second surface and connected to the second metal layer 30. The microstrip lines are fed through several metal vias 70. In other words, the relatively enclosed space is fed through the bottom microstrip lines, i.e., the two parallel feed ports, and energy radiates out from the upper slot structure 40, i.e., the butterfly-shaped slot. This is the basic radiation principle of the antenna as a whole. Since the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51 are arranged parallel to each other, and both feed ports are electrically connected to the second metal layer, the slot structure at the middle position is fed along the microstrip lines connecting the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51. Therefore, the millimeter-wave antenna of this invention can generate unidirectional feeding. This avoids the significant inconvenience caused by feeding in different directions with traditional antennas.

[0040] Preferably, the spacing between the plurality of metal vias 70 is 0.3 mm, and the diameter d of the metal vias 70 is configured to be 0.6 mm. The maximum width Ws1 between the slots of the butterfly structure is 2.8 mm, the maximum length Ls of the slot structure is 3.5 mm, the length L of the resonant cavity is 7 mm, the width Ws of the four slots in the butterfly structure is 2.4 mm, the width W2 of the microstrip line is 0.6 mm, and the distance W1 between the openings of the feed port is 2.4 mm. This configuration can better achieve the overall radiation of the antenna. Figure 1 The first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51 shown represent the two polarization ports of the millimeter-wave antenna 100. These two polarization ports feed the antenna structure described above, thus enabling dual-port feeding of the entire antenna and allowing the two ports to achieve different polarizations.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention presents the electric field distribution of the millimeter-wave antenna 100 when fed by the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51. The left side of the figure shows feeding via the first feed port 50, and the right side shows feeding via the second feed port 51. From the electric field distribution, the electric field distribution near the millimeter-wave antenna 100 is symmetrical and approximately verifies the ±45° direction. This fully demonstrates that the millimeter-wave antenna 100 can achieve different polarization characteristics when fed by the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51.

[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides simulation structure diagrams of S11 / S22 for the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51, respectively. Figure 3 and Figure 4As can be clearly seen from the two figures, the millimeter-wave antenna 100 achieves a deep resonance near 25 GHz, which demonstrates that the millimeter-wave antenna 100 of the present invention has achieved good matching.

[0043] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides simulation results of the radiation patterns when fed by the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51. It can be seen from the figure that the radiation patterns of the millimeter-wave antenna 100 when fed by the first feed port 50 and the second feed port 51 are also approximately symmetrical, which further demonstrates that the millimeter-wave antenna 100 of the present invention can achieve good dual polarization characteristics.

[0044] In summary, this invention provides a millimeter-wave antenna 100 that cleverly achieves dual-polarized radiation by designing a single antenna body with two feed ports. The millimeter-wave antenna 100 sequentially includes a first metal layer 20, a dielectric substrate 10, and a second metal layer 30. The dielectric substrate 10 includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is covered by the first metal layer 20, and a slot structure 40 is formed on the first metal layer 20. The second surface is covered by the second metal layer 30, and the second metal layer 30 has a first feed port 50 and a second feed port 51, which are spaced apart. A plurality of spaced metal vias 70 are provided at the edge of the slot structure 40, and the metal vias 70 are longitudinally connected to the first metal layer 20 and the second metal layer 30. The millimeter-wave antenna 100 of this invention can achieve dual-polarized radiation with a single antenna, reducing the number of antennas required and lowering production costs.

[0045] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. In addition, different parts between embodiments can also be combined with each other, and this invention does not limit this.

[0046] The above description is merely a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A millimeter-wave antenna (100), characterized in that: The millimeter-wave antenna (100) sequentially includes a first metal layer (20), a dielectric substrate (10), and a second metal layer (30); the dielectric substrate (10) includes a first surface and a second surface, the first surface being covered by the first metal layer (20), and a slot structure (40) is formed on the first metal layer (20); the second surface is covered by the second metal layer (30), and the second metal layer (30) has a first feed port (50) and a second feed port (51). 51) Spacing arrangement; a plurality of spaced metal vias (70) are provided at the edge of the slot structure (40), the metal vias (70) connecting the first metal layer (20) and the second metal layer (30); the slot structure (40) is a centrally symmetrical X-shaped knot; the slot structure (40) is a centrally symmetrical butterfly structure, the butterfly structure including a first slot, a second slot, a third slot and a fourth slot, the first slot, the second slot, the third slot and the fourth slot are sequentially connected.

2. The millimeter-wave antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slit structure (40) is located at the middle position of the first surface.

3. The millimeter-wave antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle of inclination of the first gap, the second gap, the third gap and the fourth gap connected in sequence is in the range of 45° to 90°.

4. The millimeter-wave antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight line where the first power supply port (50) is located is parallel to the straight line where the second power supply port (51) is located.

5. The millimeter-wave antenna (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first power supply port (50) and the second power supply port (51) are symmetrically arranged, and both the first power supply port (50) and the second power supply port (51) are rectangular in shape.

6. The millimeter-wave antenna (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that: A decoupling structure (60) is provided between the first power supply port (50) and the second power supply port (51). One end of the decoupling structure (60) is connected to the second metal layer (30), and the other end of the decoupling structure (60) is a free end.

7. The millimeter-wave antenna (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length L1 of the decoupling structure (60) ranges from 1.5 to 1.8 mm.

8. The millimeter-wave antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal vias (70) are cylindrical in shape, and a plurality of the metal vias (70) connect the first metal layer (20) and the second metal layer (30) to form a relatively enclosed space.

9. The millimeter-wave antenna (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that: Both the first power supply port (50) and the second power supply port (51) are configured as microstrip lines. The microstrip lines are located on the second surface and connected to the second metal layer (30). The microstrip lines are fed by a plurality of metal vias (70).

10. The millimeter-wave antenna (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spacing between the plurality of metal vias (70) ranges from 0.1 to 0.5 mm, and the diameter d of the metal vias (70) ranges from 0.2 to 1 mm.

11. A mobile terminal, characterized in that: The mobile terminal includes a millimeter-wave antenna (100) as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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