A small-scale soybean and corn strip planter suitable for clay soil.

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of soybean and corn strip planting, and discloses a small seeding machine suitable for soybean and corn strip planting on clay land, which comprises a main frame, a pulling joint is fixedly connected to the front side of the main frame, a fertilizer box is fixedly connected to the front side of the top end of the main frame, a frame outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rear side of the main frame, balance frames are movably sleeved in the middle of the frame outer cylinder, and roller shafts are movably connected to the bottom ends of every two adjacent balance frames. The frame outer cylinder and the buffer spring are used to movably connect the compacting wheel, so that the problems of suspended compacting or over-compacting are avoided; the compacting wheel and the furrow opener are fixedly connected to the bottom of the seed box, so that the phenomenon of over-sowing or over-seeding caused by the ground ditch system is avoided; the balance frame is divided into two ends, and an adjustable adjusting shaft is arranged in the middle, the depth of the furrow opener is freely adjusted, and the use of the seeding device is more free.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soybean and corn strip planting, in particular to a small seeding machine for soybean and corn strip planting suitable for clay soil. BACKGROUND

[0002] Soybean is both a protein crop and an oil crop. Soybean protein is one of the main sources of protein needed by the people in China. China is the largest country in the world in terms of soybean demand and import volume, with a high degree of dependence on foreign countries of 74.5%. The gap between supply and demand of soybean is huge. Therefore, vigorously developing soybean planting and improving the self-sufficiency rate of raw soybean are important directions for the adjustment of agricultural structure in China. The use of corn and soybean strip composite planting can fully utilize the edge row advantage of high crop corn and achieve the harmonious coexistence of soybean and corn and one-season double cropping in the same plot.

[0003] Soybean and corn strip planting mode plays an important role in alleviating the urgent demand for corn and soybean in China. However, in the actual production process, especially in the Huanghuai South region, the soil is mostly clayey. During the growth of summer crops such as soybean and corn, there is more rain, and extreme weather occurs frequently. Net production of soybean and corn requires drainage ditches. Due to the fixed width of a complete strip in soybean and corn strip composite planting, 2:4 integrated seeding machines for soybean and corn often have difficulty in flow operation in plots with low ditch quality during the seeding process. The phenomena of seed marking and nest seeding are more frequent during the seeding process, resulting in low seedling quality. For soybean and corn strip planting, the existing seeding device has fixed and uniform planting depth, so that the planting depth corresponding to each seed box is fixed, which is difficult to adapt to the adjustment of different planting ratios of soybean and corn. Therefore, a small seeding machine for soybean and corn strip planting suitable for clay soil is crucial for soybean and corn strip composite planting. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application proposes a small seeding machine for soybean and corn strip planting suitable for clay soil to effectively solve the problems of pre-rain seed stealing and the like in the production process, improve the full mechanization and production sustainability of soybean and corn strip composite planting, and help improve the comprehensive yield and benefit in the production process.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: A small seeder for strip planting of soybeans and corn suitable for clay soil, comprising a main frame, a traction joint fixedly connected to the front side of the main frame, a fertilizer box fixedly connected to the front side of the top of the main frame, an outer frame cylinder fixedly connected to the bottom of the rear side of the main frame, a balancing frame movably sleeved in the middle of the outer frame cylinder, a roller shaft movably connected to the bottom of every two adjacent balancing frames, a pressure wheel fixedly connected in the middle of the roller shaft, and a limit protrusion fixedly connected in the middle of the balancing frame. A buffer spring is movably installed above and below the convex part. A seed box is fixedly connected to the top of the balance frame. A seed dispensing groove is opened in the middle of the bottom of the seed box, and a seed dispensing tray is movably connected through the seed dispensing groove. A connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the seed box. A furrow opener is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft. A furrowing knife is fixedly installed on the front side of the furrow opener. An inoculation tube is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the furrow opener. A fertilizer tube is fixedly connected to the other side of the top of the furrow opener. The top of the fertilizer tube is fixedly connected to the fertilizer box.

[0006] Preferably, the balancing frame is divided into an upper balancing frame and a lower balancing frame. The bottom end of the upper balancing frame and the top end of the lower balancing frame are fixedly connected to limit protrusions. Adjustment grooves are formed at the bottom end of the upper balancing frame and the top end of the lower balancing frame. Threaded grooves are formed on the inner wall of the adjustment grooves. An adjustment shaft is movably sleeved in the middle of the adjustment grooves. An adjustment sleeve is fixedly connected in the middle of the adjustment shaft. Threads corresponding to the threaded grooves in the adjustment grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the adjustment shaft. An adjustment opening is formed on the back of the outer cylinder of the frame.

[0007] Preferably, the main frame has installation ports at both ends, and an extension frame is movably connected to the installation ports. Each side has a supplement port. When the extension seeding group is not in use, the supplement port is closed by a cap. An extension seeding group is movably installed on the extension frame, and the extension seeding group is connected to the extension frame through the supplement port.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom surface of the fertilizer box has four evenly spaced discharge ports, with two adjacent outer cylinders of the frame forming a group, for a total of four groups, and the spacing between each group is equal, corresponding to the discharge ports on the bottom surface of the fertilizer box. The seed box has a total of four groups.

[0009] Preferably, the upper buffer spring pushes against the limiting protrusion and the upper inner wall of the outer frame cylinder, and the lower buffer spring pushes against the limiting protrusion and the lower inner wall of the outer frame cylinder, so that the balance frame is in the middle position of the outer frame cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the grooving blade is fixedly connected to the seed box, and the distance between the bottom end of the grooving blade and the bottom surface of the seed box is a fixed value, as is the distance between the lowest end of the pressing wheel and the bottom surface of the seed box.

[0011] Preferably, the inoculation tube is located directly below the seed metering tray, the fertilizer tube is a flexible and stretchable hose, and the furrow opener is equipped with a partition.

[0012] Preferably, the threaded grooves in the upper and lower balance frames are opposite in direction.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This invention uses an outer frame cylinder and a buffer spring to movably connect the pressing wheel, avoiding the problems of suspended pressing or over-compacting; by fixing both the pressing wheel and the furrow opener to the bottom of the seed box, it avoids the phenomenon of exposed seeds or excessively deep sowing caused by ground furrows; by dividing the balance frame into two ends and adding a freely adjustable shaft in the middle, the depth of the furrow opened by the furrow opener from the ground can be freely adjusted, making the use of the sowing device more flexible.

[0015] 2. This invention changes the traditional soybean and corn planter's fixed six-set planting box mode to a four-set planting box mode, which greatly reduces the overall weight of the device. By using a small planting device instead of a large planter, the pressure on the land is greatly reduced, solving the problem of the planting device sinking, making it more suitable for use on clay soils. By extending the setting of the planting boxes, this device is different from the nationally recommended integrated planter, and the planting ratio can be freely switched, making the device more flexible in use.

[0016] 3. This invention adds an outer frame cylinder to the main frame and uses the outer frame cylinder and buffer springs to movably connect the pressing wheels, so that each group of pressing wheels can be relatively movably connected. This avoids the problem of suspended pressing or over-compacting when working on plots with low trench quality caused by the uniform fixed connection of all pressing wheels. It also allows the pressing depth of each group of pressing wheels to be freely adjusted according to the state of the bottom surface.

[0017] 4. By fixing both the press wheel and the furrow opener to the bottom of the seed box, the height difference between the bottom surface of the press wheel and the furrow opener is fixed. This ensures that the bottom of the press wheel always remains in contact with the bottom surface, while the depth of the furrow opened by the furrow opener from the ground always remains fixed. This avoids the phenomenon of sowing too deeply or exposed seeds due to ground furrows, and greatly improves the sowing effect in clay soil.

[0018] 5. This invention divides the balance frame into two ends and adds a freely adjustable adjustment shaft in the middle, so as to freely adjust the distance between the pressing wheel below the seed box and the bottom of the seed box according to the different types of seeds placed in the seed box, thereby adjusting the depth of the furrow opened by the furrow opener from the ground. This allows each seed box of the seeder to be freely adjusted to the corn or soybean planting mode, making the planting ratio more flexible when using the device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A side view of the overall structure of the invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of the structure at point A;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the single-unit seeding box structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting shaft structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the extended structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Main frame; 2. Pull joint; 3. Fertilizer box; 4. Outer cylinder of frame; 5. Balancing frame; 51. Upper balancing frame; 52. Lower balancing frame; 53. Adjusting groove; 6. Roller shaft; 7. Pressing wheel; 8. Limiting protrusion; 9. Buffer spring; 10. Seed box; 11. Seed metering tray; 12. Connecting shaft; 13. Furrow opener; 14. Furrowing knife; 15. Inoculation tube; 16. Fertilizer tube; 17. Adjusting shaft; 171. Adjusting sleeve; 18. Extension frame; 19. Extension sowing group. Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please see Figures 1-3A small seeder for strip planting of soybeans and corn suitable for clay soil includes a main frame 1. A traction joint 2 is fixedly connected to the front of the main frame 1 for connecting to the machine head and driving the device forward. A fertilizer box 3 is fixedly connected to the front of the top of the main frame 1. The bottom surface of the fertilizer box 3 has four evenly spaced discharge ports. An outer frame cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rear side of the main frame 1. There are eight outer frame cylinders 4 in total. Each pair of adjacent outer frame cylinders 4 forms a group, for a total of four groups. The spacing between each group is equal and corresponds to the discharge ports on the bottom surface of the fertilizer box 3. This changes the traditional six-row planting mode to a four-row planting mode, greatly reducing the overall weight of the device and the pressure on the soil, making it more suitable for use in clay soil. A balancing frame 5 is movably sleeved in the middle of the outer frame cylinder 4. A roller 6 is movably connected to the bottom of each pair of adjacent balancing frames 5. The roller 6 is fixed in the middle. A fixed roller 7 is connected to the balance frame 5 to compact the buried soil after sowing, preventing the soil from becoming loose and washed away by rainwater, thus avoiding the phenomenon of exposed sowing. A limiting protrusion 8 is fixedly connected in the middle of the balance frame 5. Buffer springs 9 are movably installed above and below the limiting protrusion 8. The upper buffer spring 9 pushes the limiting protrusion 8 and the upper inner wall of the outer frame cylinder 4, and the lower buffer spring 9 pushes the limiting protrusion 8 and the lower inner wall of the outer frame cylinder 4, so that the balance frame 5 is in the middle position of the outer frame cylinder 4. The height of the four sets of rollers 7 is not fixed, so that when a row of sowing positions encounters a drainage ditch or a raised ridge, the rollers 7 extend or retract downwards or upwards according to the terrain of that row, ensuring that the lowest end of the roller 7 is always in contact with the bottom surface, thereby ensuring the compaction effect of that row and avoiding the problem of over-compacting or hollow rollers caused by multiple sets of rollers 7 having the same height on uneven terrain.

[0029] Please see Figures 4-5The top of the balancing frame 5 is fixedly connected to a seed box 10. There are four sets of seed boxes 10, which hold seeds according to the types of soybeans and corn to be planted. The whole device can plant soybeans and corn in a 2:2 planting mode. In the whole device, a seed dispensing groove is opened in the middle of the bottom of the seed box 10, and a seed dispensing tray 11 is movably connected to the seed dispensing groove. The seed dispensing tray 11 ensures that the number of seeds falling each time is fixed, avoiding the phenomenon of sowing in clusters. A connecting shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the seed box 10, and a furrow opener 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft 12. A furrowing knife 14 is fixedly installed on the front side of the furrow opener 13, so that the furrowing knife 14 is fixedly connected to the seed box 10. The distance between the bottom of the furrowing knife 14 and the bottom surface of the seed box 10 is a fixed value, which is the same as the distance between the lowest point of the press wheel 7 and the bottom surface of the seed box 10. This ensures that the depth of the furrows dug by the furrowing knife 14 is fixed. When encountering drainage ditches or raised ridges, The limiting protrusion 8 ensures that the lowest end of the press wheel 7 is always in contact with the bottom surface, while the depth of the sowing furrow dug by the furrowing knife 14, which is fixed at a fixed distance from the lowest end of the press wheel 7, is also fixed, avoiding the problem of sowing too deeply or exposed seeds due to uneven terrain. An inoculation tube 15 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the furrow opener 13. The inoculation tube 15 is located directly below the seed metering tray 11 and is used to receive and transfer the seeds at the seed metering tray 11 into the furrow opener 13. A fertilizer tube 16 is fixedly connected to the other side of the top of the furrow opener 13. The top of the fertilizer tube 16 is fixedly connected to the fertilizer box 3. The fertilizer tube 16 is a stretchable and flexible hose to adapt to the height change of the furrow opener 13 when the fertilizer box 3 is fixed. A partition is provided inside the furrow opener 13 to separate the seeds falling from the inoculation tube 15 and the fertilizer falling from the fertilizer tube 16, so as to prevent the seeds from directly contacting some irritating fertilizers and affecting their activity.

[0030] Please see Figure 6The balance frame 5 is divided into an upper balance frame 51 and a lower balance frame 52. Limiting protrusions 8 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the upper balance frame 51 and the top end of the lower balance frame 52. Adjustment grooves 53 are formed at the bottom end of the upper balance frame 51 and the top end of the lower balance frame 52. Threaded grooves are formed on the inner wall of the adjustment grooves 53, and the threaded grooves in the upper balance frame 51 and the lower balance frame 52 are opposite in direction. An adjustment shaft 17 is movably sleeved in the middle of the adjustment groove 53. An adjustment sleeve 171 is fixedly connected to the middle of the adjustment shaft 17. Both ends of the adjustment shaft 17 are respectively provided with threads corresponding to the threaded grooves in the adjustment groove 53. When the adjustment sleeve 171 is rotated, the adjustment shaft 17... The threads at both ends of the 7 pull the upper balance frame 51 and the lower balance frame 52 closer to each other or further away from each other. An adjustment opening is provided on the back of the outer cylinder 4 of the frame, which is used to rotate the adjustment sleeve 171 to adjust the overall length of the balance frame 5, thereby changing the distance between the lowest end of the press wheel 7 and the bottom surface of the seed box 10. The fixed distance between the corresponding grooving knife 14 and the bottom surface of the press wheel 7 can be adjusted, so as to make corresponding adjustments according to the required planting depth of soybeans or corn in different seed boxes 10, so that the planting depth of different seeds placed in each group of seed boxes 10 can be freely adjusted, making it more suitable for use in soybean and corn strip planting areas.

[0031] Please see Figure 7 The main frame 1 has installation ports at both ends, and an extension frame 18 is movably connected to the installation ports. Each side of the 3 has a supplementary port. When the extension seeding group 19 is not in use, the supplementary ports are closed with caps. The extension seeding group 19 is movably installed on the extension frame 18, and the extension seeding group 19 is connected to the 3 through the supplementary ports. This allows the device to operate in a four-row seeding mode when working on clay soil. When an extension seeding group 19 is added to each side, or both sides are equipped with an extension seeding group 19, it can easily switch to a five-row working state with a corn-soybean 2:3 seeding mode, or a six-row working state with a soybean-corn 2:4 seeding mode, making the seeding ratio more flexible. It can also seed soybeans or corn in six rows alone. Compared with the traditional integrated soybean-corn planter recommended by the state, this small seeding equipment allows for more flexible adjustment of the planting ratio, not limited by the traditional 2:4 planting mode. Furthermore, the height of the movable press wheel can be freely adjusted, making it more suitable for promotion and use in clay soil areas than the integrated planter recommended by the state.

[0032] The working principle of the method of using this invention is as follows:

[0033] In use, the sowing device is connected to the tail end of the traveling head via the pull joint 2. Fertilizer is added to the fertilizer box 3 to supplement the fertilizer required for sowing. Then, according to the required number of planting rows, soybeans and corn are placed in the four seed boxes 10 respectively. During planting, the pressing wheel 7 contacts the ground to compact the soil buried after sowing. Due to the reaction force of the soil, the limiting protrusions 8 are positioned slightly above the outer cylinder 4 of the frame. At this time, the upper buffer spring 9 is in a compressed state while the lower buffer spring 9 is in a stretched state. When a planting row at one of the pressing wheels 7 falls into a drainage ditch or other relatively concave terrain, the reaction force of the ground on the pressing wheel 7 decreases. The pressing wheel 7 is pushed downwards by the upper buffer spring 9, and simultaneously pressed down by the weight of the seed box 10, causing the pressing wheel 7 of that concave row to contact the ground, avoiding the phenomenon of air pressure. Each seed box 10 is fixed relative to its respective bottom pressing wheel 7 and furrow opener 13. The downward movement of the pressing wheel 7 causes the seed box 10 in that row to sink, while simultaneously pressing down the furrow opener 13, which is fixedly connected by the connecting shaft 12. This ensures that the furrowing blade 14 of the recessed row digs to a fixed depth, avoiding the phenomenon of empty sowing and exposed seeds caused by uneven ground quality. Similarly, when one row encounters a raised ridge, the pressing wheel 7 experiences increased reaction force from the ground, pushing the pressing wheel 7 and the balance frame 5 to continue moving upward and compressing the buffer spring 9 above the limiting protrusion 8. At this time, the seed box 10 floats up, causing the furrowing blade 14 to move upward as well, thus increasing the digging distance of the furrowing blade 14. This avoids the phenomenon of deep burial of seeds and seedling death caused by uniform depth, ensuring the sowing effect of the sowing device on clay soil, especially in areas with poor furrow quality.

[0034] Furthermore, before sowing, seeds are placed in the corresponding seed boxes 10 according to the planting ratio of soybeans and corn. The exposed length of the adjusting shaft 17 is adjusted by rotating the adjusting sleeve 171 through the adjustment opening on the back of the outer cylinder 4 of the frame. This adjusts the total length of the upper balance frame 51, the adjusting shaft 17, and the lower balance frame 52, i.e., the final height difference between the lowest end of the press wheel 7 and the bottom surface of the furrow cutter 14. Depending on the type of seeds placed in the upper seed box 10, the adjusting sleeve 171 is adjusted so that the final height difference is the optimal sowing depth for that type of planting. This allows for different sowing depths for different types of seeds, effectively improving their survival rate. The depth of the furrow opener 13 corresponding to each group of seed boxes 10 can be freely adjusted to suit either corn or soybean sowing.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A small seeder for strip planting of soybeans and corn in clay soil, comprising a main frame (1), wherein a pull joint (2) is fixedly connected to the front side of the main frame (1), and a fertilizer box (3) is fixedly connected to the front side of the top of the main frame (1), characterized in that: The bottom end of the rear side of the main frame (1) is fixedly connected with a frame outer cylinder (4), the middle of the frame outer cylinder (4) is movably sleeved with a balance frame (5), the bottom end of every two adjacent balance frames (5) is movably connected with a roller shaft (6), the middle of the roller shaft (6) is fixedly connected with a roller (7), the middle of the balance frame (5) is fixedly connected with a limiting lug (8), the upper and lower sides of the limiting lug (8) are movably installed with a buffer spring (9), the top end of the balance frame (5) is fixedly connected with a seed box (10), the middle of the bottom end of the seed box (10) is provided with a seed sowing groove, and the seed sowing groove is movably connected with a seed sowing disc (11), the bottom end of the seed box (10) is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft (12), the bottom end of the connecting shaft (12) is fixedly connected with a furrow opener (13), the front side of the furrow opener (13) is fixedly installed with a furrow cutter (14), one side of the top end of the furrow opener (13) is fixedly connected with a seed tube (15), the other side of the top end of the furrow opener (13) is fixedly connected with a fertilizer tube (16), and the top end of the fertilizer tube (16) is fixedly connected with a fertilizer box (3). The balance frame (5) is divided into an upper balance frame (51) and a lower balance frame (52), the bottom end of the upper balance frame (51) and the top end of the lower balance frame (52) are fixedly connected with a limiting lug (8), the bottom end of the upper balance frame (51) and the top end of the lower balance frame (52) are provided with an adjusting groove (53), the inner wall of the adjusting groove (53) is provided with a threaded groove, the middle of the adjusting groove (53) is movably sleeved with an adjusting shaft (17), the middle of the adjusting shaft (17) is fixedly connected with an adjusting sleeve (171), the two ends of the adjusting shaft (17) are respectively provided with threads corresponding to the threaded groove in the adjusting groove (53), and the back of the frame outer cylinder (4) is provided with an adjusting opening. The threaded grooves in the upper balance frame (51) and the lower balance frame (52) are opposite in rotation direction.

2. The small-sized seeder for soybean and corn strip planting in clay soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the main frame (1) are provided with mounting openings, and an extension frame (18) is movably sleeved with the mounting openings, an extension sowing group (19) is movably installed on the extension frame (18), the extension sowing group (19) is communicated with the fertilizer box (3) through a supplement opening, one supplement opening is formed in each side of the fertilizer box (3), and the supplement opening is closed by a cover when the extension sowing group (19) is not used.

3. The small-sized seeder for soybean and corn strip planting in clay soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four discharge openings are uniformly formed in the bottom surface of the fertilizer box (3), two adjacent frame outer cylinders (4) form a group, a total of four groups are formed, the distances between every two groups are equal, the discharge openings formed in the bottom surface of the fertilizer box (3) correspond to the four groups of seed boxes (10).

4. The small-sized seeder for soybean and corn strip planting in clay soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper buffer spring (9) drives the limiting lug (8) and the upper inner wall of the frame outer cylinder (4), and the lower buffer spring (9) drives the limiting lug (8) and the lower inner wall of the frame outer cylinder (4), so that the balance frame (5) is located in the middle position of the frame outer cylinder (4).

5. The small-sized seeder for soybean and corn strip planting in clay soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrower (14) is fixedly connected with the seed box (10), and the distance between the bottom end of the furrower (14) and the bottom surface of the seed box (10) and the distance between the lowest end of the roller (7) and the bottom surface of the seed box (10) are fixed values.

6. The small-sized seeder for soybean and corn strip planting in clay soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inoculation tube (15) is located directly below the seed plate (11), the fertilizer tube (16) is a stretchable and bendable hose, and the furrower (13) is provided with a baffle.

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