A process for separating copper and lead from galena

Abstract

The application discloses a lead-copper ore copper-lead separation process, comprising the following steps: S1, raw material pretreatment: crushing and screening the lead-copper ore, screening out the ore material with a particle size of 2-25 mm, and moving the ore material larger than 25 mm and the ore material smaller than 2 mm to other workshops for treatment; S2, water washing and desliming: washing away the redundant silt and stone powder and other impurities on the ore with water flow, and then putting the water-washed ore into an ore gravity separation equipment. Before the lead-copper ore is separated, the raw material of the lead-copper ore is pretreated, the mineral raw material with a particle size of 2-25 mm is selected after crushing and screening, and the mineral raw material is centrifugally separated after water washing and desliming, so that the lead ore and the copper ore can be effectively preliminarily separated, then the lead ore and the copper ore which have been separated are separated again in combination with a flotation process, and separate concentrates are obtained, and through multiple separation, the quality of the copper concentrate and the smelting efficiency can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ore sorting technology, specifically a copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ore. Background Technology

[0002] Lead is one of the main impurities in copper concentrate, and its presence can lead to environmental problems such as lead-containing fumes during smelting. Furthermore, lead contamination can adversely affect subsequent copper electrolysis processes. In sulfide copper ores, lead minerals are often associated with them, making the separation of copper and lead extremely difficult and a frequent technical challenge in production. Therefore, achieving effective separation of copper and lead is key to improving the quality of copper concentrate and smelting efficiency. To this end, we propose a copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ores. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ore. Before separating the lead-copper ore, the raw materials are pretreated by crushing and screening, and mineral raw materials with a particle size of 2-25mm are selected for water washing and desliming, followed by centrifugal gravity separation. This can effectively separate the lead ore and copper ore initially. Then, combined with flotation process, the separated lead ore and copper ore are separated again to obtain separate concentrates. Through multiple separations, the quality of copper concentrate and smelting efficiency can be effectively improved, and the problems in the background technology can be effectively solved.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ore, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Raw material pretreatment: The lead-copper ore is crushed and screened to screen out ore with a particle size of 2-25mm. Ore with a particle size greater than 25mm and ore with a particle size less than 2mm are transferred to other workshops for processing.

[0006] S2, Water washing and desliming: Water flow is used to wash away excess mud, sand and stone powder and other impurities from the ore, and then the washed ore is fed into the ore gravity separation equipment;

[0007] S3. Ore gravity separation: The washed and deslimed ore is fed into a centrifuge for gravity separation. The medium used is a heavy suspension. The difference in density between copper and lead causes them to separate into layers by centrifugation, thus completing the initial separation.

[0008] S4. Ore flotation: Water is added to the separated copper and lead ore to form corresponding slurries. Then, the corresponding flotation agents are added to the slurries to form bubbles with the copper or lead ore. Then, taking advantage of the characteristics of the bubbles adhering to and rising with the ore particles in the slurry, they are separated from the slurry by flotation in sequence, and separate concentrates and waste tailings are obtained, thus completing the copper-lead separation of lead-copper ore.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the lead-copper ore raw material is crushed and screened, the degree of liberation of copper minerals is 90%-100%.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, a screening box is used to screen lead-copper ore. The screening box is a hollow cylindrical shape, and several supports are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the screening box. An upper screen plate and a lower screen plate are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides inside the screening box. The upper screen plate is used to filter ore material larger than 25mm, and the lower screen plate is used to screen out ore material smaller than 2mm. Ore material with a particle size between 2-25mm is left on the lower screen plate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the screening box is open, and a plurality of connecting rods intersecting at their centers are evenly arranged on the inner surface of the upper part of the screening box. A drive motor is installed on the upper surface of the intersection of the connecting rods. The output shaft of the drive motor passes through the lower surface of the connecting rod and is connected to the rotating shaft through a coupling. The rotating shaft passes through the lower surface of the upper screen plate and is fixedly connected to the discharge coil plate. The discharge coil plate is arranged on the upper side of the lower screen plate. A plurality of discharge troughs for discharging minerals with a particle size between 2-25mm are evenly opened in the middle of the screening box. The bottom surface of the discharge trough is slightly lower than the upper surface of the lower screen plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric push rod is provided on the lower surface of the upper screen plate, and a mounting frame is provided on the side surface of the electric push rod facing the discharge coil plate. A pressing roller for pressing the discharge coil plate when it is wound up is rotatably provided on the mounting frame.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mounting bracket includes a fixing part fixedly disposed on the side surface of the movable end of the electric push rod, a sliding groove is provided on the side surface of the fixing part, a sliding part is slidably disposed in the sliding groove, a spring is disposed between the sliding part and the sliding groove, and a pressure roller is rotatably disposed on the sliding part, and the axis of the pressure roller is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a discharge baffle for closing the discharge trough is slidably provided on the outer surface of the screening box.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of synchronous hydraulic cylinders are uniformly arranged in the middle of the outer surface of the screening box, and the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the discharge baffle.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the raw materials are pretreated before separating lead and copper ore. After crushing and screening, mineral raw materials with a particle size of 2-25mm are selected for water washing and desliming, followed by centrifugal gravity separation. This can effectively separate lead ore and copper ore initially. Then, combined with flotation process, the separated lead ore and copper ore are separated again to obtain separate concentrates. Through multiple separations, the quality of copper concentrate and smelting efficiency can be effectively improved. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the screening box of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifuge of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a side view of the centrifuge structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating discharge tank of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 100 Screening box, 101 Upper screen plate, 102 Lower screen plate, 103 Support, 104 Connecting rod, 105 Drive motor, 106 Rotating shaft, 107 Discharge coil plate, 108 Electric push rod, 109 Pressing roller, 110 Discharge chute, 111 Discharge baffle, 112 Hydraulic cylinder, 200 Centrifuge, 201 Spiral groove, 202 Rotating column, 203 Telescopic rod, 204 Rotating discharge tank, 205 Discharge pipe, 206 Flexible connecting pipe, 207 Discharge head, 208 Support plate, 209 Wheel frame, 210 Auxiliary wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ore, S1, raw material pretreatment: the lead-copper ore is crushed and screened to screen out ore with a particle size of 2-25mm, and the ore with a particle size greater than 25mm and the ore with a particle size less than 2mm are transferred to other workshops for processing respectively.

[0025] S2, Water washing and desliming: Water flow is used to wash away excess mud, sand and stone powder and other impurities from the ore, and then the washed ore is fed into the ore gravity separation equipment;

[0026] S3. Ore gravity separation: The washed and deslimed ore is fed into a centrifuge for gravity separation. The medium used is a heavy suspension. The difference in density between copper and lead causes them to separate into layers by centrifugation, thus completing the initial separation.

[0027] S4. Ore flotation: Water is added to the separated copper and lead ore to form corresponding slurries. Then, the corresponding flotation agents are added to the slurries to form bubbles with the copper or lead ore. Then, taking advantage of the characteristics of the bubbles adhering to and rising with the ore particles in the slurry, they are separated from the slurry by flotation in sequence, and separate concentrates and waste tailings are obtained, thus completing the copper-lead separation of lead-copper ore.

[0028] Before separating lead and copper ore, the raw materials are pretreated by crushing and screening them. Mineral raw materials with a particle size of 2-25mm are selected, washed and deslimed, and then centrifuged and gravity separated. This can effectively separate lead and copper ore initially. Then, combined with flotation process, the separated lead and copper ore are separated again to obtain separate concentrates. Through multiple separations, the quality of copper concentrate and smelting efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0029] In the preferred embodiment, after the lead-copper ore raw material is crushed and screened, the degree of liberation of copper minerals is 90%-100%, which facilitates subsequent gravity separation and flotation separation and improves overall work efficiency.

[0030] In the preferred technical solution, in step S1, a screening box 100 is used to screen lead-copper ore. The screening box 100 is a hollow cylindrical shape. Several supports 103 are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the screening box 100. An upper screen plate 101 and a lower screen plate 102 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides inside the screening box 100. The upper screen plate 101 is used to filter ore material larger than 25mm, and the lower screen plate 102 is used to screen out ore material smaller than 2mm. Ore material with a particle size between 2-25mm is retained on the lower screen plate 102, thereby screening out the ore material that meets the requirements, improving the copper-lead separation effect, and thus improving the quality of copper concentrate and smelting efficiency.

[0031] Optionally, both the upper screen plate 101 and the lower screen plate 102 are connected to an externally installed vibrating motor to improve screening efficiency.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the screening box 100 is open. A plurality of connecting rods 104, intersecting at their centers, are evenly arranged on the inner surface of the upper part of the screening box 100. A drive motor 105 is mounted on the upper surface of the intersection of the connecting rods 104. The output shaft of the drive motor 105 passes through the lower surface of the connecting rods 104 and is connected to a rotating shaft 106 via a coupling. The rotating shaft 106 passes through the lower surface of the upper screen plate 101 and is fixedly connected to a discharge coil 107. The discharge coil 107 is positioned above the lower screen plate 102. A plurality of discharge troughs 110 are evenly provided in the middle of the screening box 100 for discharging minerals with a particle size between 2-25 mm. The bottom surface of the discharge chute 110 is slightly lower than the upper surface of the lower screen plate 102. The discharge coil 107 is an elastic long strip. When it contracts, it is rotated and wound into a spring shape under the drive of the drive motor 105. It contracts and is fixed at the upper center of the lower screen plate 102. It remains fixed during screening. After screening, it is released and expands outward under elastic potential energy, thereby discharging the mineral material with a particle size between 2-25mm on the lower screen plate 102 through the discharge chute 110. Then it is transported to the centrifuge 200 for gravity separation. The discharge coil 107 can quickly discharge the mineral material inside the circular screening box, which is convenient, simple to operate, and improves work efficiency.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, an electric push rod 108 is provided on the lower surface of the upper screen plate 101. A mounting frame is provided on the side surface of the discharge coil plate 107 facing the movable end of the electric push rod 108. A pressing roller 109 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame to press the discharge coil plate 107 during winding. The pressing roller 109 presses against the outside of the coiled discharge coil plate 107 during ore screening, fixing it in place and not affecting the normal screening of the ore. When discharge is required after screening, the electric push rod 108 is opened, lifting the mounting frame away from the discharge coil plate 107, and the discharge coil... Plate 107 is no longer fixed, thus expanding to discharge the ore outside the screening box. After the discharge is completed, when the discharge coil 107 needs to be wound and retracted, the mounting frame is lowered by the electric push rod 108, so that the pressure roller 109 presses against its outer side. Then, the drive motor drives the discharge coil 107 to rotate and wind. During the winding process, the pressure roller 109 is always in close contact with its outer side, so that it can complete the winding. At the same time, since the pressure roller 109 is rotated, the friction between it and the outer side of the discharge coil 107 can be greatly reduced, reducing wear, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing production costs.

[0034] In a further preferred embodiment, the mounting frame includes a fixing part fixedly disposed on the side surface of the movable end of the electric push rod 108. A groove is provided on the side surface of the fixing part, and a sliding part is slidably disposed in the groove. A spring is disposed between the sliding part and the groove. The pressure roller 109 is rotatably disposed on the sliding part. The spring between the sliding part and the fixing part can ensure that the pressure roller 109 is always pressed against the outside of the discharge coil 107 as the discharge coil 107 is wound and its outer diameter gradually increases. The self-adaptability of the spring makes the winding process more stable.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, an annular discharge baffle 111 for closing the discharge trough 110 is slidably disposed on the outer surface of the screening box 100. Several synchronous hydraulic cylinders 112 are evenly disposed in the middle of the outer surface of the screening box 100. The movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 112 is fixedly connected to the discharge baffle 111. The discharge baffle 111 is driven to rise and fall by the parallel synchronous hydraulic cylinders 112, thereby opening or closing the discharge trough 110. The discharge trough is closed when screening the ore. After screening, the discharge trough is opened to discharge the ore that meets the requirements and transfer it to the centrifuge 200 for re-selection.

[0036] Optional technical solution: Centrifuge 200 is a commonly used gravity separation centrifuge. Its top plate has a spiral groove 201 on its upper surface. A rotating column 202 is rotatably mounted at the center of the upper surface of the top plate of centrifuge 200. A servo motor is installed at the center of the lower surface of the top plate. The output shaft of the servo motor passes through the upper surface of the top plate and is connected to the rotating column 202 via a coupling. A telescopic rod 203 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating column 202. The telescopic rod 203 includes a fixed end and a sliding end. The fixed end is located outside the rotating column 202, and the sliding end is slidably mounted in a groove on the side surface of the fixed end. The sliding end can have multiple sections, and a rotating discharge section is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the outermost sliding end. Tank 204, the upper surface of the rotating discharge tank 204 is connected to the ore discharge equipment through the flexible connecting pipe 206, and the lower surface of the rotating discharge tank 204 is provided with a discharge pipe 205. The discharge pipe 205 extends into the centrifuge 200 through the spiral groove 201 to discharge the ore into the centrifuge 200. The servo motor drives the rotating discharge tank 204 and the discharge pipe 205 to rotate along the spiral groove 201 through the rotating column 202, so that the ore is evenly fed into the centrifuge 200, thereby improving the working efficiency during centrifugal gravity separation, making the material distribution uniform, and enabling the material to be quickly dispersed during the centrifugal gravity separation process and then quickly stratified due to different densities, which greatly improves the working efficiency of gravity separation.

[0037] Alternatively, the end of the discharge pipe 205 is connected to a discharge head 207. The diameter of the discharge head 207 is larger than that of the discharge pipe 205. Several discharge ports are evenly opened on the lower surface of the discharge head 207, which can expand its discharge surface and make the discharge more uniform.

[0038] Furthermore, a support plate 208 is installed on the lower surface of the rotating discharge tank 204, and the discharge pipe 205 passes through the support plate 208. Two wheel frames 209 are symmetrically rotatably arranged on the lower surface of the support plate 208, and auxiliary wheels 210 are rotatably arranged on the lower side of the wheel frames 209. During the rotation of the rotating discharge tank 204, it travels on the top plate of the centrifuge 200 through the auxiliary wheels 210, making the rotation more convenient and avoiding direct contact and wear with the top plate. The discharge is also faster, further improving work efficiency.

[0039] All parts not disclosed in this invention are prior art, and their specific structures, materials, and working principles will not be described in detail. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ore, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: The lead-copper ore is crushed and screened to screen out ore with a particle size of 2-25mm. Ore with a particle size greater than 25mm and ore with a particle size less than 2mm are transferred to other workshops for further processing. In step S1, a screening box (100) is used to screen the lead-copper ore. The screening box (100) is a hollow cylindrical shape. Several supports (103) are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the screening box (100), and upper screen plates are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides inside the screening box (100). The upper screen (101) and the lower screen (102) are used to filter minerals larger than 25mm, and the lower screen (102) is used to screen out minerals smaller than 2mm. Minerals with a particle size between 2-25mm are left on the lower screen (102). The upper surface of the screening box (100) is open, and a number of connecting rods (104) that cross each other at the center are evenly arranged on the upper inner surface of the screening box (100). The upper surface of the intersection of the connecting rods (104) is equipped with a series of connecting rods (104). Equipped with a drive motor (105), the output shaft of the drive motor (105) passes through the lower surface of the connecting rod (104) and is connected to the rotating shaft (106) via a coupling. The rotating shaft (106) passes through the lower surface of the upper screen plate (101) and is fixedly connected to the discharge coil plate (107). The discharge coil plate (107) is located on the upper side of the lower screen plate (102). The screening box (100) has several discharge troughs evenly distributed in the middle for discharging mineral materials with a particle size between 2-25 mm. (110), the bottom surface of the discharge trough (110) is slightly lower than the upper surface of the lower screen plate (102); the discharge coil (107) is a long strip with elasticity, and an electric push rod (108) is provided on the lower surface of the upper screen plate (101). The movable end of the electric push rod (108) is provided with a mounting frame facing the side surface of the discharge coil (107). A pressing roller (109) is rotatably provided on the mounting frame for pressing the discharge coil (107) when it is wound up. S2, Water washing and desliming: Water flow is used to wash away excess mud, sand and stone powder impurities from the ore, and then the washed ore is fed into the ore gravity separation equipment; S3. Ore gravity separation: The washed and deslimed ore is fed into a centrifuge for gravity separation. The medium used is a heavy suspension. The difference in density between copper and lead causes them to separate into layers by centrifugation, thus completing the initial separation. S4. Ore flotation: Water is added to the separated copper and lead ore to form corresponding slurries. Then, the corresponding flotation agents are added to the slurries to form bubbles with the copper or lead ore. Then, taking advantage of the characteristics of the bubbles adhering to and rising with the ore particles in the slurry, they are separated from the slurry by flotation in sequence, and separate concentrates and waste tailings are obtained, thus completing the copper-lead separation of lead-copper ore.

2. The copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the lead-copper ore raw material is crushed and screened, the degree of liberation of copper minerals is 90%-100%.

3. The copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting bracket includes a fixing part fixedly disposed on the side surface of the movable end of the electric push rod (108). A groove is provided on the side surface of the fixing part, and a sliding part is slidably disposed in the groove. A spring is disposed between the sliding part and the groove. A pressure roller (109) is rotatably disposed on the sliding part, and the axis of the pressure roller (109) is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft (106).

4. The copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the screening box (100) is provided with a discharge baffle (111) for closing the discharge chute (110).

5. The copper-lead separation process for lead-copper ore according to claim 4, characterized in that: Several synchronous hydraulic cylinders (112) are evenly arranged in the middle of the outer surface of the screening box (100), and the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder (112) is fixedly connected to the discharge baffle (111).

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