A preforming tool and a preforming method

Abstract

The application discloses a preforming tool and a preforming method. The preforming tool comprises a preforming die set, each preforming die set has at least one preforming die, a plurality of preforming dies are arranged in sequence from front to back, the preforming dies in the same set are used for forming the same part structure of a product, the preforming die has a trumpet tube-shaped protruding part, has an inner cavity inside, the inner cavity comprises a core mold accommodating area and a peripheral fabric preforming area, a front side wall of the preforming die is provided with a core mold avoiding part and a yarn guide port, the core mold avoiding part corresponds to the core mold accommodating area, the yarn guide port corresponds to the fabric preforming area, a rear end of the inner cavity is a cavity outlet, in the preforming dies in the same set from front to back, the circumferential length of the yarn guide port gradually increases, and the cross-sectional area of the cavity outlet gradually increases. The preforming die in the trumpet tube shape has increased structural strength and is not easy to be damaged by pulling; one preforming die is used for forming one layer of fabric, the size is matched, the fabric is not easy to deviate, and the forming effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pultrusion technology, and more specifically to a preforming tooling and a preforming method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing pultrusion preforming tooling, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes multiple pre-forming plates 01' arranged sequentially from front to back. Each pre-forming plate 01' is provided with a yarn feed opening a' of different curvature. The fabric passes through the corresponding yarn feed opening a' on each pre-forming plate 01' and gradually forms the shape of the core mold under the action of the multiple pre-forming plates 01'.

[0003] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that when the product has multiple internal cavities, each preform plate 01' has multiple yarn feed openings a', resulting in weak strength of a single preform plate 01', which is prone to being pulled and damaged during the pultrusion process. Furthermore, in practical applications, components are usually pultruded from multiple layers of fabric, with the width of each layer increasing sequentially from the inside out. However, in existing pultrusion preforming fixtures, each layer of fabric is formed through the same yarn feed opening a'. It is understandable that, to meet the forming requirements of the outermost fabric, the size of the yarn feed opening a' is relatively larger than that of the inner fabric, potentially causing the inner fabric to shift during forming, resulting in an unsatisfactory forming effect and consequently affecting the structural strength of the formed product.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a preforming tooling that improves the structural strength of the tooling, avoids the problem of being stretched and damaged during the pultrusion process, and at the same time improves the forming effect of the fabric and ensures the structural strength of the formed product is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a preforming tooling that improves the structural strength of the tooling, avoids the problem of being damaged by stretching during the pultrusion process, and at the same time improves the forming effect of the fabric and ensures the structural strength of the formed product.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a preforming tooling, comprising at least one set of preforming mold groups, each set of preforming mold groups having one or more preforming molds, the preforming molds being arranged sequentially from front to back, and the preforming molds in the same set being used to form the same part of the product structure.

[0007] The preforming mold has a protrusion that extends from front to back. The protrusion is an axially penetrating trumpet-shaped tube with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area from front to back. The interior of the protrusion has an inner cavity, which includes a core mold receiving area and a fabric preforming area located on the outer periphery of the core mold receiving area. The front sidewall of the preforming mold has a core mold clearance portion and a yarn guide extending circumferentially along the core mold clearance portion. The core mold clearance portion corresponds to the core mold receiving area, and the yarn guide corresponds to the fabric preforming area. The rear port of the inner cavity is the cavity outlet. In each of the preforming molds in the same group from front to back, the circumferential length of the yarn guide gradually increases, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity outlet gradually increases.

[0008] This invention proposes a novel preforming tooling, wherein each preforming mold has a trumpet-shaped protrusion, the interior of which has an inner cavity. The peripheral wall of the inner cavity is used to preform the outer contour of the fabric. Each preforming mold has a core mold clearance part and a yarn guide. The core mold clearance part is used to avoid the core mold. During operation, the core mold can pass through the core mold clearance part of the preforming mold and be installed in the core mold receiving area of ​​the inner cavity. The function of the core mold is to preform the inner contour of the fabric. The outer periphery of the core mold receiving area... The area is the fabric preforming zone, and the yarn guide is corresponding to the fabric preforming zone for the fabric to pass through. Therefore, the gap between the peripheral wall of the inner cavity and the outer peripheral wall of the core mold can be adaptively set according to the thickness of the fabric. During the preforming process, the fabric enters the inner cavity through the yarn guide under the action of traction, is preformed under the action of the peripheral wall of the inner cavity and the core mold, and is finally drawn out from the cavity outlet. It can be understood that the fabric drawn out from the cavity outlet will wrap around the outer periphery of the core mold, that is, each preforming mold can complete the preforming of one layer of fabric.

[0009] Furthermore, since the fabric is wrapped around the outer periphery of the core mold when it exits each preforming mold, the core mold entering the rear preforming mold will be approximately one layer thicker than the core mold entering the adjacent front preforming mold. Correspondingly, the cavity outlet of the rear preforming mold will also be approximately one layer thicker than the cavity outlet of the adjacent front preforming mold. In other words, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity outlet gradually increases in each preforming mold from front to back in the same group. Simultaneously, to ensure good forming effect for each layer of fabric and avoid problems such as fabric shifting during preforming, the circumferential length of the yarn guide in each preforming mold should match the width of the corresponding fabric. Since the width of the outer fabric is necessarily larger than the width of the inner fabric, the circumferential length of the yarn guide also gradually increases in each preforming mold from front to back in the same group. Thus, after the inner fabric is preformed, the adjacent outer fabric can be preformed sequentially through the adjacent rear preforming molds, and so on, forming sequentially from the inner layer to the outer layer.

[0010] As can be seen from the above description, the preforming tooling of the present invention no longer uses the flat preforming plate of the prior art, but adopts a trumpet-shaped preforming mold, and the trumpet tube extends along the traction direction of the fabric. The structural strength of the preforming mold is significantly increased, and it is not easy to be damaged by pulling during the pultrusion process. In addition, since each preforming mold is used to form one layer of fabric, the structural dimensions of each preforming mold, such as the size of the yarn guide, are adapted to the size of the corresponding fabric. The fabric is not easy to deviate when passing through the corresponding preforming mold, which improves the forming effect of the fabric and thus ensures the structural strength of the formed product.

[0011] Optionally, the preforming mold includes a preforming plate and an adjusting plate. The center of the preforming plate protrudes from front to back to form the protrusion. The adjusting plate is provided with the core mold clearance part and the yarn guide opening. The adjusting plate is connected to the front sidewall of the preforming plate, and the connection position of the adjusting plate is adjustable circumferentially.

[0012] Optionally, the yarn guide opening is an arc-shaped hole, the front port of the inner cavity is the cavity entrance, and the outline of the cavity entrance is at least an arc-shaped shape corresponding to the position of the yarn guide opening.

[0013] Optionally, the preforming mold group includes an intermediate cavity preforming mold group, wherein the preforming mold in the intermediate cavity preforming mold group is an intermediate cavity preforming mold, and in the intermediate cavity preforming mold, the inner cavity is formed inside the protrusion, the front port of the inner cavity is the cavity inlet, the cavity inlet is circular, and in the adjusting plate, the core mold clearance part is a hole-like structure and matches the shape of the cavity outlet.

[0014] Optionally, the preforming mold group includes an outer contour preforming mold group, wherein the preforming mold in the outer contour preforming mold group is an outer contour preforming mold. In the outer contour preforming mold, the inner cavity is formed inside the protrusion, the front port of the inner cavity is the cavity inlet, and the cavity inlet is circular. In the adjusting plate, the core mold clearance part has a hole-like structure and matches the shape of the cavity outlet. The adjusting plate is provided with two yarn guides, which are located on the left and right sides of the core mold clearance part.

[0015] Optionally, in the outer contour preforming mold group, there are multiple outer contour preforming molds, and the alternating outer contour preforming molds are broken circumferentially, with the break position forming an observation zone.

[0016] Optionally, the protrusion has a glue injection port at one end near the cavity outlet, and the inner wall of the protrusion has a liquid storage tank at one end near the cavity outlet. The liquid storage tank extends circumferentially along the protrusion, and the glue injection port communicates with the liquid storage tank.

[0017] Optionally, in the intermediate cavity preforming mold and the outer contour preforming mold, the preforming plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in the left-right direction. The first plate portion has a first notch, and the second plate portion has a second notch. After the first plate portion and the second plate portion are assembled, the first notch and the second notch enclose the inner cavity.

[0018] Optionally, the preforming mold assembly includes a two-sided cavity preforming mold assembly, wherein the preforming mold in the two-sided cavity preforming mold assembly is a two-sided cavity preforming mold. In the two-sided cavity preforming mold, the protrusion is internally divided into a core mold clearance cavity and two inner cavities. The two inner cavities are connected to the left and right sides of the core mold clearance cavity. There are two adjustment plates, and the adjustment plates and the inner cavities are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The adjustment plate is provided with a notch with an open end. The notch forms part of the structure of the core mold clearance part. When the adjustment plate is connected to the preforming plate, the notch faces the core mold clearance cavity.

[0019] Optionally, in the preforming mold of the two side cavities, the preforming plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in the vertical direction. The first plate portion and the second plate portion are respectively provided with a first notch located in the middle and a second notch located on the left and right sides of the first notch. The corresponding first notch encloses the core mold clearance cavity, and the corresponding second notch encloses the inner cavity.

[0020] Optionally, the number of preforming mold groups is three, including a middle cavity preforming mold group, two side cavity preforming mold groups, and an outer contour preforming mold group, which are arranged sequentially from front to back.

[0021] Optionally, it also includes a support frame, which includes an upper fixing part and a lower fixing part. The upper fixing part and the lower fixing part are respectively provided with fixing grooves. The fixing grooves extend laterally along the support frame and penetrate the lateral end walls of the upper fixing part and the lower fixing part. The preforming mold is installed between the upper fixing part and the lower fixing part, and the upper and lower ends of the preforming plate are inserted into the corresponding fixing grooves.

[0022] Optionally, the preforming mold assembly includes an intermediate cavity preforming mold assembly, wherein the preforming mold in the intermediate cavity preforming mold assembly is an intermediate cavity preforming mold. The preforming mold assembly also includes an outer contour preforming mold assembly, wherein the preforming mold in the outer contour preforming mold assembly is an outer contour preforming mold. In the intermediate cavity preforming mold and the outer contour preforming mold, the preforming plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in a left-right direction. The first plate portion has a first notch, and the second plate portion has a second notch. After the first plate portion and the second plate portion are assembled, the first notch and the second notch enclose the inner cavity.

[0023] The upper and lower ends of the first plate and the second plate can slide along the axial direction of the fixing groove.

[0024] Optionally, the preforming mold assembly includes a two-sided cavity preforming mold assembly, wherein the preforming mold in the two-sided cavity preforming mold assembly is a two-sided cavity preforming mold. In the two-sided cavity preforming mold, the preforming plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in a vertical direction. The first plate portion and the second plate portion are correspondingly provided with a first notch located in the middle and second notches located on the left and right sides of the first notch. The corresponding first notches enclose the core mold clearance cavity, and the corresponding second notches enclose the inner cavity.

[0025] The fixing groove for mounting the preformed molds of the two cavities has a preset depth along the height direction. The upper end of the first plate is slidably mounted on the upper fixing groove, and the first plate can move relative to the fixing groove along the height direction. When the first plate moves upward to the disengaged position, the first plate and the core mold can be misaligned along the height direction.

[0026] The lower end of the second plate is slidably mounted in the fixing groove at the lower end. The second plate can move relative to the fixing groove in the height direction. When the second plate moves downward to the disengaged position, the second plate and the core mold can be misaligned in the height direction.

[0027] It also includes a connecting component, one end of which is connected to the support frame, and the other end of which is detachably connected to the first plate portion or the second plate portion.

[0028] Optionally, it may also include one or more fabric adjusting rods, the fabric adjusting rods being provided with fabric seams extending in a vertical direction, the fabric adjusting rods being mounted on the support frame, the fabric adjusting rods being located on the front side corresponding to the preformed mold, and the mounting position of the fabric adjusting rods being adjustable in the lateral direction of the support frame.

[0029] Optionally, it also includes a core mold fixing part and a magnetic adsorption device. The core mold fixing part is installed on the support frame for fixing the core mold. The magnetic adsorption device is installed at the upper rear end of the support frame. The magnetic adsorption device includes a magnetic mechanism for magnetically adsorbing the tail of the core mold. The position of the magnetic mechanism is adjustable along the height direction.

[0030] Optionally, the magnetic adsorption device further includes a mounting base and an adjusting component. The mounting base has a mounting cavity with an opening at the lower end. The adjusting component is connected to the closed end wall of the mounting cavity. The lower end wall of the adjusting component forms a support wall. The support wall is located inside the mounting cavity and its height is adjustable. The upper rear end of the support frame has a support beam. The support beam is located inside the mounting cavity and its upper side wall abuts against the support wall. The magnetic mechanism is connected to the outer side wall of the mounting base, and the connection position is adjustable along the height direction.

[0031] Optionally, the core mold fixing part includes a core mold adjusting seat located at the rear end. The core mold adjusting seat has a receiving hole, and the rear end of the core mold is inserted into the receiving hole. In the theoretical installation state, there is a preset gap between the inner peripheral wall of the receiving hole and the corresponding end wall of the core mold.

[0032] Optionally, it also includes a fabric inlet plate located at the front end of each of the preforming molds. The fabric inlet plate has one or more fabric inlets, and each of the yarn guide openings is configured to correspond one-to-one with one of the fabric inlets.

[0033] The present invention also provides a preforming method. Based on the aforementioned preforming tooling, in the same preforming mold group, each preforming mold preforms a layer of fabric. During operation, the frontmost preforming mold preforms the innermost layer of fabric. After the innermost layer of fabric is preformed, the adjacent rearmost preforming mold preforms the adjacent outer layer of fabric, and so on, forming sequentially from the innermost layer to the outermost layer.

[0034] The preforming method of the present invention is based on the aforementioned preforming tooling, and therefore has the same technical effects as the aforementioned preforming tooling, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preforming mold in the prior art;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the preforming tooling provided by the present invention; a

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-forming of the innermost layer of fabric in the intermediate cavity;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the product formed by the preforming tooling of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate cavity preforming mold in the preforming tooling;

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the second angle of the preforming mold;

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the preforming mold at the third angle;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A structural diagram of the fourth angle of the preforming mold;

[0043] Figure 9 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first specific embodiment of the external contour preforming mold in the preforming tooling;

[0044] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the second angle of the preforming mold;

[0045] Figure 11 for Figure 9 A structural schematic diagram of the preforming mold at the third angle;

[0046] Figure 12 for Figure 9 A structural diagram of the fourth angle of the preforming mold;

[0047] Figure 13 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second specific embodiment of the preforming mold for the outer contour in the preforming tooling;

[0048] Figure 14 Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the preforming mold with cavities on both sides in the preforming tooling;

[0049] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the second angle of the preforming mold;

[0050] Figure 16 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the third angle of the molding die;

[0051] Figure 17 for Figure 14 A structural diagram of the fourth angle of the preforming mold;

[0052] Figure 18 for Figure 14 A structural diagram of the fifth angle of the preforming mold;

[0053] Figure 19 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the support frame in the preforming tooling;

[0054] Figure 20 for Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the support frame at the second angle;

[0055] Figure 21 for Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the support frame at the third angle;

[0056] Figure 22 for Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the support frame at the fourth angle;

[0057] Figure 23 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the fabric adjustment rod in the preforming tooling;

[0058] Figure 24 for Figure 23 A schematic diagram of the second angle of the fabric adjustment rod;

[0059] Figure 25 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the magnetic adsorption device in the preforming tooling;

[0060] Figure 26 for Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the magnetic adsorption device at the second angle;

[0061] Figure 27 for Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the magnetic adsorption device from the third angle;

[0062] Figure 28 for Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the fourth angle of the magnetic adsorption device;

[0063] Figure 29 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the core mold adjustment seat in the preforming tooling;

[0064] Figure 30 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the preforming tooling at the second angle;

[0065] in, Figure 1 The annotations in the accompanying drawings are explained as follows:

[0066] 01'-Preformed plate; a'-Yarn feed inlet;

[0067] in, Figures 2-30 The annotations in the accompanying drawings are explained as follows:

[0068] A - Intermediate cavity preforming mold assembly; B - Side cavity preforming mold assembly; C - Outer contour preforming mold assembly; 1 - Intermediate cavity preforming mold; 1' - Outer contour preforming mold; 1” - Side cavity preforming mold; 11 - Preforming plate; 111 - Protrusion; 111a - Inner cavity; 111b - Core mold clearance cavity; a - Liquid reservoir; H - Observation strip; 112 - Base plate; 11a - First connecting hole; 12 - Adjustment plate; 12a - Core mold clearance part; 12b - Yarn guide; 12c - Second connecting hole; 13 - Connector; 14 - Glue injection port;

[0069] 2-Support frame; 21-Upper fixing part; 22-Lower fixing part; 2a-Fixing groove; 23-Support beam; 221-Protrusion; 2b-Mounting groove; 2c-Fixing hole; 24-Front end plate;

[0070] 3-Fabric adjusting rod; 31-Vertical rod part; 32-Horizontal rod part; 33-Stop block; 3a-Fabric seam;

[0071] 4-Magnetic adsorption device; 41-Magnetic mechanism; 42-Mounting base; 42a-Mounting cavity; 421-Closed end wall; 422-Side wall; 42b-Threaded hole; 42c-Third connecting hole; 43-Adjusting bolt; 44-Transition seat; 441-First connecting part; 442-Second connecting part; 44a-Fourth connecting hole; 451-Fixing bolt; 452-Fixing nut; 46-Connecting bolt;

[0072] 51-Core mold support; 52-Core mold adjustment seat; 52a-Receiving hole;

[0073] 6-Fabric inlet plate; 61-Extension plate; 6a-Fabric inlet;

[0074] 01-Product; 01a-Intermediate cavity; 01b-Two side cavities; 02-Core mold; 03-Fabric; Detailed Implementation

[0075] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0076] The term "multiple" as used in this article usually refers to two or more components; and when "multiple" is used to indicate the quantity of certain components, it does not indicate the relationship between these components in terms of quantity.

[0077] Please refer to Figures 2-4 , Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the preforming tooling provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-forming of the innermost layer of fabric in the intermediate cavity; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the product formed by the preforming tooling of the present invention.

[0078] This invention provides a preforming tooling, comprising three sets of preforming molds arranged sequentially from front to back: a middle cavity preforming mold set A, two side cavity preforming mold sets B, and an outer contour preforming mold set C, wherein:

[0079] The intermediate cavity preforming mold group A includes two preforming molds arranged sequentially from front to back. The intermediate cavity preforming mold group A is used to form the intermediate cavity 01a of product 01.

[0080] The two-sided cavity preforming mold group B includes two preforming molds arranged sequentially from front to back. The two-sided cavity preforming mold group B is used to form the left and right cavities 01b of product 01.

[0081] The outer contour preforming mold group C includes four preforming molds arranged sequentially from front to back. The outer contour preforming mold group C is used to form the outer contour of product 01.

[0082] Therefore, Figure 1 The preforming tooling shown can be used to form, for example... Figure 4 The three-cavity component is shown. It can be understood that in practical applications, depending on the type of product to be molded, the preforming tooling can be equipped with at least one set of preforming molds. For example, if the product to be molded is a single-cavity component, the preforming tooling may only include the intermediate cavity preforming mold set A; if the product to be molded is a two-cavity component, the preforming tooling may include two sets of intermediate cavity preforming molds A and one set of external contour preforming molds C. The two sets of intermediate cavity preforming molds A can be arranged side-by-side.

[0083] Furthermore, in this invention, the preforming mold is specifically provided with a protrusion 111 that protrudes from front to back. The protrusion 111 is an axially penetrating trumpet-shaped tube. The cross-sectional area of ​​the protrusion 111 gradually decreases from front to back. The interior of the protrusion 111 has an inner cavity, which includes a core mold receiving area and a fabric preforming area located on the outer periphery of the core mold receiving area. The front sidewall of the preforming mold has a core mold clearance portion 12a and a yarn guide opening 12b extending circumferentially along the core mold clearance portion 12a. The core mold clearance portion 12a corresponds to the core mold receiving area, and the yarn guide opening 12b corresponds to the fabric preforming area. The rear port of the inner cavity is the cavity outlet. In each preforming mold in the same group from front to back, the circumferential length of the yarn guide opening 12b gradually increases, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity outlet gradually increases.

[0084] It is understandable that the shape of the cavity outlet should be adaptively designed according to the shape of the part to be molded. For example, intermediate cavity preforming mold group A is used to mold the intermediate cavity 01a of product 01, while Figure 4 In the three-cavity component shown, the shape of the intermediate cavity 01a is a square hole. Therefore, the shape of the outlet of each cavity in the intermediate cavity preforming mold group A is a square hole, and the cross-section of the core mold 02 is square.

[0085] As described above, this invention proposes a novel preforming tooling, wherein each preforming mold has a trumpet-shaped protrusion 111, the interior of which has an inner cavity. The peripheral wall of the inner cavity is used to preform the outer contour of the fabric 03. Each preforming mold has a core mold clearance part 12a and a yarn guide opening 12b. The core mold clearance part 12a is used to avoid the core mold 02. During operation, the core mold 02 can pass through the core mold clearance part 12a of the preforming mold and be installed in the core mold receiving area of ​​the inner cavity. The function of the core mold 02 is to preform the inner contour of the fabric 03. The area around the core mold receiving area is the fabric preforming area. The yarn guide opening 12b corresponds to the fabric preforming area. Since the fabric 03 passes through, the gap between the peripheral wall of the inner cavity and the outer peripheral wall of the core mold 02 can be adaptively set according to the thickness of the fabric 03. For example, if the thickness of one layer of fabric 03 is 1.5mm, the gap between the peripheral wall of the inner cavity and the outer peripheral wall of the core mold 02 can be set to 2mm with a certain margin relative to the thickness of the fabric 03. During the preforming process, the fabric 03 enters the inner cavity through the yarn guide 12b under the action of traction, is preformed under the action of the peripheral wall of the inner cavity and the core mold 02, and is finally drawn out from the cavity outlet. It can be understood that the fabric 03 drawn out from the cavity outlet will wrap around the outer periphery of the core mold 02, that is, each preforming mold can complete the preforming of one layer of fabric 03.

[0086] Furthermore, since the fabric 03 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the core mold 02 when it exits from each preforming mold, the core mold 02 entering the rear preforming mold will be approximately one layer thicker than the core mold 02 entering the adjacent front preforming mold. Correspondingly, the cavity outlet of the rear preforming mold will also be approximately one layer thicker than the cavity outlet of the adjacent front preforming mold. In other words, in each preforming mold in the same group from front to back, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity outlet gradually increases. Simultaneously, to ensure that each layer of fabric 03 has good... To achieve good forming results and avoid problems such as fabric 03 shifting during the forming process, the circumferential length of the yarn guide 12b in each preforming mold should match the width of the corresponding fabric 03. Since the width of the outer fabric 03 is necessarily larger than that of the inner fabric 03, the circumferential length of the yarn guide 12b gradually increases in each preforming mold from front to back in the same group. In this way, after the inner fabric 03 is preformed, the adjacent outer fabric 03 can be preformed sequentially through the adjacent rear preforming molds, and so on, forming sequentially from the inner layer to the outer layer.

[0087] As can be seen from the above description, the preforming tooling of the present invention no longer uses the flat preforming plate of the prior art, but adopts a trumpet-shaped preforming mold, and the trumpet tube extends along the traction direction of the fabric 03. The structural strength of the preforming mold is significantly increased, and it is not easy to be damaged by pulling during the pultrusion process. In addition, since each preforming mold is used to form one layer of fabric 03, the structural dimensions of each preforming mold, such as the size of the yarn guide 12b and the size of the inner cavity 111a, are adapted to the size of the corresponding fabric 03. The fabric 03 is not easy to deviate when passing through the corresponding preforming mold, which improves the forming effect of the fabric 03 and thus ensures the structural strength of the formed product.

[0088] like Figure 4 As shown, in the required three-cavity component, the length of the outer contour is L1, L1 = 210 mm; the width of the outer contour is L2, L2 = 90 mm; the wall thickness of the outer contour is H1, H1 = 9 mm; and the thickness of the inner rib is H2, H2 = 6 mm. When forming, a 1.5 mm thick fabric 03 is selected. Therefore, when forming the middle cavity 01a and the left and right side cavities 01b, each cavity requires two layers of fabric 03, and when forming the outer contour, four layers of fabric 03 are required. Thus, in this embodiment, the middle cavity preforming mold group A and the side cavity preforming mold group B have two preforming molds, and the outer contour preforming mold group C has four preforming molds, that is, each preforming mold is used for forming one layer of fabric 03.

[0089] Understandably, in practical applications, depending on the size of the product to be formed and the thickness of the fabric 03, there is no limit to the number of preforming molds in each preforming mold group. Each preforming mold group may include one or more preforming molds. When each preforming mold group includes multiple preforming molds, the multiple preforming molds can be arranged sequentially from front to back. The frontmost preforming mold is used to preform the innermost fabric 03, the adjacent rearmost preforming mold is used to preform the adjacent outer fabric 03, and so on, forming sequentially from the inner layer to the outer layer.

[0090] Further, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this invention, the preforming mold includes a preforming plate 11 and an adjusting plate 12. The middle part of the preforming plate 11 protrudes from front to back to form the aforementioned protrusion 111. The adjusting plate 12 is provided with a core mold clearance part 12a and a yarn guide opening 12b. The yarn guide opening 12b extends circumferentially along the core mold clearance part 12a. The adjusting plate 12 is connected to the front sidewall of the preforming plate 11, and the connection position of the adjusting plate 12 is adjustable circumferentially.

[0091] Depend on Figure 1 As can be seen, in the prior art, the position of the yarn guide is fixed, and therefore, the seam position of each layer of fabric is also fixed. When the seam position happens to be located on the stress surface of the formed product, it may reduce the stress reliability of the product. Based on this, the preforming mold of this application adopts a split structure of preforming plate 11 and adjusting plate 12, and the position of adjusting plate 12 connected to preforming plate 11 is adjustable in the circumferential direction. In other words, adjusting plate 12 and preforming plate 11 adopt a detachable connection method. After adjusting to the required position in the circumferential direction, adjusting plate 12 can be relatively fixed with preforming plate 11. Since the connection position of adjusting plate 12 is adjustable in the circumferential direction, the position of yarn guide 12b is also adjustable in the circumferential direction. Correspondingly, the seam position of fabric 03 is also adjustable in the circumferential direction. In this way, in the early testing process, the seam position of fabric 03 can be adjusted to avoid the stress surface of the formed product by adjusting the connection position of adjusting plate 12, thereby improving the stress reliability of the product.

[0092] Meanwhile, in the preforming tooling of this application, each preforming mold can preform one layer of fabric 03. The staff can understand the seam position of each layer of fabric 03. Thus, by adjusting the position of the yarn guide 12b in each preforming mold, the seam positions of each layer of fabric 03 can be staggered in the circumferential direction, thereby ensuring that the product after molding has no weak area in the circumferential direction and improving the stress reliability of the product.

[0093] It is understandable that, in practice, the center of the core mold clearance part 12a should also be the rotation center of the adjustment plate 12. In this way, when the position of the adjustment plate 12 is adjusted in the circumferential direction, only the position of the yarn guide 12b is adjusted, while the position of the core mold clearance part 12a remains unchanged, so that the core mold 02 can pass through.

[0094] As mentioned earlier, the position of the adjusting plate 12 connected to the preformed plate 11 is adjustable circumferentially. Specifically, in this embodiment, as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the front sidewall of the preformed plate 11 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 11a, which are distributed circumferentially. The adjustment plate 12 is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes 12c, which are distributed circumferentially. It also includes a connector 13, which passes through the corresponding first connecting holes 11a and second connecting holes 12c to fix the preformed plate 11 and the adjustment plate 12. The connection is reliable and easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0095] In this embodiment, the preformed plate 11 and the adjusting plate 12 are fixed by three or four connectors 13. In practical applications, the specific number of connectors 13 is not limited, as long as the connection stability between the preformed plate 11 and the adjusting plate 12 can be ensured. The connectors 13 can specifically be bolts, etc.

[0096] In addition, in practice, the adjustment plate 12 and the preformed plate 11 are not limited to the fixing method of the connecting member 13. For example, the front side wall of the preformed plate 11 can be provided with a snap-fit ​​groove, and the adjustment plate 12 is snapped into the snap-fit ​​groove and abuts against the front side wall of the preformed plate 11 to achieve relative fixation of the adjustment plate 12 and the preformed plate 11.

[0097] The plate-like structure located at the front end of the protrusion 111 in the preform plate 11 is defined as the base plate 112. In practical applications, the preform plate 11 can adopt an integral molding structure, that is, the base plate 112 and the protrusion 111 are inseparable. In this way, different types of preform plates 11 can be prefabricated according to requirements. The cavity outlets in different types of preform plates 11 have different shapes to meet the processing requirements of products with different cavity structures.

[0098] Alternatively, the substrate portion 112 and the protrusion portion 111 can be separate structures, and then fixed together in a detachable manner. Specifically, the substrate portion 112 is provided with a cavity inlet hole, and the protrusion portion 111 is fixed to the substrate portion 112 by a connector, such as a bolt, and corresponds to the position of the cavity inlet hole. When it is necessary to pre-form products with different cavity structures, only different protrusion portions 111 need to be replaced. The substrate portion 112 can be reused, thereby improving the utilization rate of the substrate portion 112 and saving costs.

[0099] Alternatively, the protrusion 111 can be a split structure along the axial direction, and then fixed to a whole in a detachable manner. The front part of the protrusion 111 is integrally formed with the base plate 112, and the rear part of the protrusion 111 can be replaced according to the cavity structure of the required product. In this way, when it is necessary to preform products with different cavity structures, only the rear part of the protrusion 111 needs to be replaced, which improves the versatility of the preforming mold, further saves resources, and reduces costs.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figures 5-8 , Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate cavity preforming mold in the preforming tooling; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the second angle of the preforming mold; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the preforming mold at the third angle; Figure 8 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fourth angle of the preforming mold.

[0101] Figures 5-8 The image shows a preforming mold in the intermediate cavity preforming mold group A. This preforming mold is an intermediate cavity preforming mold 1. In the intermediate cavity preforming mold 1, an inner cavity 111a is formed inside the protrusion 111. The front port of the inner cavity 111a is the cavity inlet. The cavity inlet is circular. The yarn guide 12b is a matching arc-shaped hole. There is one adjusting plate 12. In the adjusting plate 12, the core mold clearance part 12a is a hole-like structure and matches the shape of the cavity outlet.

[0102] The term "matching" here means that in the projection plane parallel to the adjustment plate 12, the outline of the yarn guide 12b near the outer side can coincide with the outline of the cavity entrance. This makes it easier to control the forming of the fabric 03, achieve smooth traction of the fabric 03, enhance the continuous deformation of the fabric 03 during the traction process, and avoid problems such as displacement and wrinkles of the fabric 03 during the pultrusion process.

[0103] In practical applications, the shape of the yarn guide 12b is not limited to a standard arc, and the outline of the cavity entrance is not limited to a standard circle, as long as the cavity entrance and the corresponding position structure of the yarn guide 12b match.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figures 9-13 , Figure 9 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the external contour preforming mold in the preforming tooling; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the second angle of the preforming mold; Figure 11 for Figure 9 A structural schematic diagram of the preforming mold at the third angle; Figure 12 for Figure 9 A structural diagram of the fourth angle of the preforming mold; Figure 13 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second specific embodiment of the preforming mold for the outer contour in the preforming tooling.

[0105] Figures 9-12 The image shows a preform mold in the outer contour preform mold group. This preform mold is the outer contour preform mold 1'. In the outer contour preform mold 1', an inner cavity 111a is formed inside the protrusion 111. The front port of the inner cavity 111a is the cavity entrance, which is circular. There is one adjustment plate 12. In the adjustment plate 12, the core mold clearance part 12a has a hole-like structure that matches the shape of the cavity outlet. The adjustment plate 12 is provided with two yarn guides 12b. The two yarn guides 12b are located on the left and right sides of the core mold clearance part 12a. The yarn guides 12b are arc-shaped holes that match the contour line of the cavity entrance.

[0106] Similarly, "matching" here means that, in the projection plane parallel to the adjustment plate 12, the outline of the yarn guide 12b near the outer side can coincide with the outline of the cavity entrance. This facilitates the forming control of the fabric 03, achieves smooth traction of the fabric 03, enhances the continuous deformation of the fabric 03 during traction, and avoids problems such as displacement and wrinkles in the fabric 03 during pultrusion. At the same time, the adjustment plate 12 is provided with two yarn guides 12b, which are located on the left and right sides of the core mold avoidance part 12a. In this way, the fabrics 03 on both sides will be formed separately and then joined together in the middle to form a whole, completing the pre-forming of one layer of fabric 03.

[0107] Furthermore, since each preformed mold in this application adopts a trumpet-shaped tube, each preformed mold occupies a relatively large space in the front-back direction. Therefore, in order to make the overall structure of the tooling more compact and shorten the length of the core mold 02, and to ensure the concentricity of the core mold 02, each preformed mold will be densely installed, that is, the interval between two adjacent preformed molds is relatively small. However, this will make it inconvenient for the staff to observe the closing state of the fabric 03.

[0108] Based on this, such as Figure 1 and Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, there are four external contour preforming molds 1'. From front to back, the first external contour preforming mold 1' and the third external contour preforming mold 1' are broken in the circumferential direction, and the break point forms an observation zone H.

[0109] By observing the H-shaped setting as described above, the closing state of fabric 03 can be better observed without increasing the length of the core mold, ensuring a compact arrangement of each pre-forming mold, and reserving sufficient adjustment space for the rear magnetic adsorption device (described in detail later). Simultaneously, the second and fourth outer contour pre-forming molds 1' are closed in the circumferential direction, which can provide circumferential restraint on fabric 03. Combined with the rear traction force, this ensures the pre-forming effect of fabric 03.

[0110] Of course, in practical applications, there is no limit to the number of external contour preforming molds 1'. When there are multiple external contour preforming molds 1', they can be separated along the circumferential direction as long as they are adjacent.

[0111] like Figure 9 and Figure 13 As shown, in the external contour preforming mold 1' of the present invention, the protrusion 111 is provided with a glue injection port 14 at one end near the cavity outlet, and the inner wall of the protrusion 111 is provided with a liquid storage tank a at one end near the cavity outlet. The liquid storage tank a extends circumferentially along the protrusion 111, and the glue injection port 14 communicates with the liquid storage tank a.

[0112] As set up above, reinforcing materials such as resin can enter the liquid storage tank a inside the inner cavity 111a through the injection port 14, and extend along the circumference of the protrusion 111 in the liquid storage tank a to fully impregnate the fabric 03, ensuring the quality stability of the pultruded product.

[0113] Depend on Figure 13 As can be seen, in this embodiment, multiple liquid storage tanks a are provided on the inner side of the protrusion 111. Each liquid storage tank a is distributed circumferentially at intervals, and each liquid storage tank a is connected to at least one injection port 14. It can be understood that in practical applications, each liquid storage tank a can also be interconnected to form a whole, which is more conducive to enhancing the circumferential flow of the material.

[0114] Furthermore, the present invention provides a glue injection port 14 on the outer contour preform mold 1', through which reinforcing materials such as resin can be impregnated from the outside to the inside; however, when the thickness of the cavity is large, the reinforcing material may not be able to penetrate inward sufficiently, resulting in the inner fabric 03 not being fully impregnated. In this case, a glue injection port can be provided on the core mold 02, through which reinforcing materials such as resin can be impregnated from the inside to the outside, ensuring that the inner fabric 03 can also be fully impregnated.

[0115] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figures 14-18 , Figure 14 Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the preforming mold with cavities on both sides in the preforming tooling; Figure 15 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the second angle of the preforming mold; Figure 16 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the third angle of the molding die; Figure 17 for Figure 14 A structural diagram of the fourth angle of the preforming mold; Figure 18 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the fifth angle of the preforming mold.

[0116] Figures 14-18 The image shows a preforming mold in a two-sided cavity preforming mold assembly. This preforming mold is a two-sided cavity preforming mold 1”. In the two-sided cavity preforming mold 1”, a core mold clearance cavity 111b and two inner cavities 111a are formed inside the protrusion 111. The two inner cavities 111a are connected to the left and right sides of the core mold clearance cavity 111b. There are two adjustment plates 12. The adjustment plates 12 and the inner cavities 111a are set one-to-one. The adjustment plates 12 are provided with a notch with an open end. The notch forms part of the structure of the core mold clearance part 12a. When the adjustment plates 12 are connected to the preforming plate 11, the notch faces the core mold clearance cavity 111b.

[0117] Thus, during operation, the core mold 02 used to form the middle cavity passes through the core mold clearance cavity 111b, and the core molds 02 used to form the two side cavities pass through the inner cavity 111a in a one-to-one correspondence. The fabrics on the left and right sides pass through the corresponding yarn guides 12b and are pre-formed under the action of the rear traction force and the inner cavity 111a.

[0118] Depend on Figure 15 and Figure 16 As can be seen, the cavity entrance in this embodiment is not a regular circle. In the projection plane parallel to the adjustment plate 12, the outline of the cavity entrance includes an arc-shaped segment near the outside, a vertical extension segment near the inside, and two inclined extension segments. The inclined extension segments connect the corresponding ends of the arc-shaped segment and the vertical extension segment. The outline of the cavity entrance and the outline of the core mold clearance cavity 111b share the vertical extension segment.

[0119] It can be seen that the shape of the outline of the cavity entrance is not restricted, as long as it is an arc that matches the corresponding area of ​​the yarn guide 12b.

[0120] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 , Figures 19-22 , Figure 19 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the support frame in the preforming tooling; Figure 20 for Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the support frame at the second angle; Figure 21 for Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the support frame at the third angle; Figure 22 for Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the support frame at the fourth angle.

[0121] The preforming fixture of the present invention also includes a support frame 2, which includes an upper fixing part 21 and a lower fixing part 22. The side walls of the upper fixing part 21 and the lower fixing part 22 are respectively provided with fixing grooves 2a. The fixing grooves 2a extend laterally along the support frame 2 and penetrate the two lateral end walls of the upper fixing part 21 and the lower fixing part 22. The preforming mold is installed between the upper fixing part 21 and the lower fixing part 22. The upper and lower ends of the preforming plate 11 are inserted into the corresponding fixing grooves 2a and can slide along the extension direction of the fixing grooves 2a.

[0122] Thus, when installing the preformed mold, the upper and lower ends of the preformed mold can be inserted into the corresponding fixed groove 2a and slide along the extension direction of the fixed groove 2a until each preformed mold is in the required position, and then the core mold 02 is installed.

[0123] Understandably, in the installed state, the core mold 02 is inserted into the inner cavity 111a of each preform mold. Since the core mold clearance part 12a is close in size to the core mold 02, there are many inconveniences when installing the core mold 02. In addition, when the preform mold needs to be adjusted, the core mold 02 needs to be removed first, then the preform mold needs to be adjusted, and then the core mold 02 needs to be reinstalled and adjusted, resulting in a long construction cycle.

[0124] Based on this, in order to facilitate the installation and adjustment of the position of the preforming mold, in the intermediate cavity preforming mold 1 and the outer contour preforming mold 1', the preforming plate 11 can be cut in half by wire cutting after the overall processing is completed. That is, the preforming plate 11 includes a first plate part and a second plate part arranged in the left and right direction. The first plate part has a first notch, and the second plate part has a second notch. After the first plate part and the second plate part are assembled, the first notch and the second notch enclose the aforementioned inner cavity 111a.

[0125] Thus, during installation, the height and position of the core mold 02 can be adjusted first. Then, the first plate and the second plate are inserted into the two fixing slots 2a, one on the left and one on the right, and moved towards each other until they are joined together. The first plate and the second plate are then connected by the adjusting plate 12 to form a complete preformed plate 11. When the preformed plate 11 needs to be adjusted or replaced, the core mold 02 does not need to be disassembled. The adjusting plate 12 can be removed, and the first plate and the second plate can be quickly removed by sliding them outward along the fixing slots 2a, which improves the convenience of the adjustment operation.

[0126] In the preforming mold 1” with two side cavities, the preforming plate 11 includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in the vertical direction. The first plate portion and the second plate portion are respectively provided with a first notch located in the middle and a second notch located on the left and right sides of the first notch. The corresponding first notch encloses to form a core mold clearance cavity 111b, and the corresponding second notch encloses to form an inner cavity 111a.

[0127] Meanwhile, the fixing groove 2a for mounting the pre-forming molds 1” on both sides has a preset depth along the height direction. The upper end of the first plate is slidably mounted on the upper fixing groove 2a, and the first plate can move relative to the fixing groove 2a along the height direction. When the first plate moves upward to the disengagement position, the first plate and the core mold 02 can be misaligned along the height direction.

[0128] The lower end of the second plate is slidably mounted in the lower fixing groove 2a. The second plate can move relative to the fixing groove 2a in the height direction. When the second plate moves downward to the disengaged position, the second plate and the core mold 02 can be misaligned in the height direction.

[0129] It also includes a connecting component, one end of which is connected to the support frame 2, and the other end of which is detachably connected to the first plate or the second plate.

[0130] As set up above, during installation, after adjusting the height and position of the core mold 02, the first plate and the second plate can be inserted into the corresponding fixing slots 2a one above the other. When they are opposite each other, the first plate moves downward and the second plate moves upward until they are joined together. Then, the first plate and the second plate are connected by the adjusting plate 12 to form a complete preformed plate 11. Finally, the first plate or the second plate is connected by the connecting component so that the preformed molds 1” of the two cavities can be at the required height.

[0131] When the preformed plate 11 needs to be adjusted or replaced, there is no need to disassemble the core mold 02. The connection between the connecting parts and the first plate / second plate can be disconnected first, and the adjusting plate 12 can be detached. Then, the first plate is pushed upward and the second plate is pushed downward. When the first plate and the core mold 02 are misaligned in the height direction, and the second plate and the core mold 02 are misaligned in the height direction, the first plate and the second plate can be quickly removed by sliding them outward along the fixing groove 2a, which improves the convenience of the adjustment operation.

[0132] The structure of the connecting component is not limited. For example, the connecting component can be a support rod, with its lower end fixed to the lower fixing part 22 of the support frame 2 and its upper end having a support wall. The support wall can support the lower side wall of the second plate, thereby providing vertical positioning for the pre-forming molds 1” on both sides. Alternatively, the connecting component can be a hanger, with its upper end fixed to the upper fixing part 21 of the support frame 2 and its lower end forming a connecting end. The connecting end and the second plate can be fixed by magnetic attraction or by bolts or other connecting parts, similarly providing vertical positioning for the pre-forming molds 1” on both sides.

[0133] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 , Figures 23-24 , Figure 23 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the fabric adjustment rod in the preforming tooling; Figure 24 for Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the second angle of the fabric adjustment rod

[0134] As mentioned above, during operation, fabric 03 enters through the front fabric inlet plate 6 and gradually takes shape through the corresponding pre-forming mold under the action of the rear traction force. However, the gap between the fabric inlet plate 6 and the pre-forming mold near the rear end is relatively large, and the middle part of fabric 03 will inevitably sag under its own weight. At this time, under the gathering effect of the trumpet tube and the action of the rear traction force, fabric 03 is prone to pultrusion damage, resulting in pultrusion failure.

[0135] Based on this, the preforming tooling of the present invention also includes five fabric adjustment rods 3. The fabric adjustment rods 3 are provided with fabric seams 3a extending in the vertical direction. The fabric adjustment rods 3 are installed on the support frame 2. The fabric adjustment rods 3 are located on the front side of the five preforming molds at the rear end, and the installation position of the fabric adjustment rods 3 is adjustable in the lateral direction of the support frame 2.

[0136] As set up above, during operation, fabric 03 will pass through the fabric seam 3a of the corresponding fabric adjusting rod 3 and enter the yarn guide 12b of the corresponding preforming mold. The extension direction of fabric 03 is restricted by the fabric adjusting rod 3 to prevent different fabrics 03 from interfering with each other. At the same time, by adjusting the lateral position of the fabric adjusting rod 3, an outward tension force can be provided to fabric 03 to prevent fabric 03 from sagging, thereby preventing fabric 03 from being damaged during pultrusion and ensuring smooth pultrusion.

[0137] like Figure 1 , Figure 19 , Figures 23-24As shown, the fabric adjustment rod 3 includes a vertical rod portion 31 and a horizontal rod portion 32 connected to the upper end of the vertical rod portion 31. A fabric seam 3a is disposed on the vertical rod portion 31, and a stop block 33 is provided at the lower end of the vertical rod portion 31. In the support frame 2, the lower fixing portion 22 has protrusions 221 extending laterally at both ends of the horizontally fixed portion 221. Each protrusion 221 has a mounting groove 2b with an open outer end extending laterally. The upper fixing portion 21 has a horizontally penetrating fixing hole 2c. In the installed state, the lower end of the vertical rod portion 31 is inserted into the corresponding mounting groove 2b and can slide along the extending direction of the mounting groove 2b. The stop block 33 abuts against the upper sidewall of the lower fixing portion 22, and the horizontal rod portion 32 is inserted into the corresponding fixing hole 2c and can slide along the extending direction of the fixing hole 2c. Thus, during adjustment, both the fixing hole 2c and the mounting groove 2b can serve as guides.

[0138] It is understood that in practical applications, the specific structure of the fabric adjusting rod 3 is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, the fabric adjusting rod 3 may only include a vertical rod portion 31, with a stop block 33 at both the upper and lower ends of the vertical rod portion 31. In the support frame 2, both the upper fixing portion 21 and the lower fixing portion 22 are provided with a protrusion 221 extending laterally. The protrusion 221 is provided with a mounting groove 2b, which has an open outer end and extends laterally. In the installed state, the upper and lower ends of the vertical rod portion 31 are inserted into the corresponding mounting groove 2b and can slide along the extension direction of the mounting groove 2b. The stop block 33 abuts against the upper side wall of the upper fixing portion 21 or the lower fixing portion 22, thus providing a vertical limiting function.

[0139] In this embodiment, the number of fabric adjustment rods 3 is five. It can be understood that in actual applications, the number of fabric adjustment rods 3 is not limited. For example, when the cavity thickness of the product to be molded is thin, the number of fabric layers required during preforming is also small, the distance between the fabric inlet plate 6 and the preforming mold is small, and the fabric drooping is not obvious, it is also feasible not to set the fabric adjustment rods 3. When the fabric adjustment rods 3 are set, the number of fabric adjustment rods 3 can be at least one.

[0140] Please continue to refer to Figure 2. Figures 25-28 , Figure 25 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the magnetic adsorption device in the preforming tooling; Figure 26 for Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the magnetic adsorption device at the second angle; Figure 27 for Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the magnetic adsorption device from the third angle; Figure 28 for Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the fourth angle of the magnetic adsorption device.

[0141] The preforming fixture of the present invention also includes a core mold fixing part and a magnetic adsorption device 4. The core mold fixing part is installed on the support frame 2 and is used to fix the core mold 02. The magnetic adsorption device 4 is installed on the upper rear end of the support frame 2. The magnetic adsorption device 4 includes a magnetic mechanism 41. The magnetic mechanism 41 is used to magnetically adsorb the tail of the core mold 02. The position of the magnetic mechanism 41 is adjustable along the height direction.

[0142] Because the tail of the core mold in the existing preforming tooling is suspended in the air, the core mold has insufficient support, resulting in a large pultrusion force during pultrusion, which aggravates the wear and damage of the preforming tooling.

[0143] Based on this, the preforming tooling of the present invention is equipped with a magnetic adsorption device 4, wherein the magnetic mechanism 41 is used to magnetically adsorb the tail of the core mold 02 and provide a certain lifting force to the tail of the core mold 02. In order to ensure the concentricity of the core mold 02, the height of the tail of the core mold 02 needs to be adjusted, that is, the magnitude of the magnetic adsorption force provided by the magnetic mechanism 41 needs to be adjusted. Therefore, in the present invention, the position of the magnetic mechanism 41 is set to be adjustable along the height direction, that is, the height of the magnetic mechanism 41 from the core mold 02 is adjustable, thereby realizing the adjustment of the magnitude of the magnetic adsorption force provided by the magnetic mechanism 41, ensuring that the magnetic adsorption force generated by the magnetic mechanism 41 is closer to the preset size, ensuring the concentricity of the core mold 02, reducing the resistance in pultrusion molding, and slowing down the wear and damage of the preforming tooling.

[0144] Specifically, in this embodiment, the magnetic adsorption device 4 further includes a mounting base 42 and an adjusting component. The mounting base 42 has a mounting cavity 42a with an opening at the lower end. The adjusting component is connected to the closed end wall 421 of the mounting cavity 42a. The lower end wall of the adjusting component forms a support wall, which is located inside the mounting cavity 42a. The height of the support wall is adjustable. The upper rear end of the support frame 2 has a support beam 23, which is located inside the mounting cavity 42a. The upper side wall of the support beam 23 abuts against the support wall. The magnetic mechanism 41 is connected to the outer side wall of the mounting base 42, and the connection position is adjustable along the height direction.

[0145] As set up above, since the height of the support wall is adjustable, the installation height of the mounting base 42 relative to the support beam 23 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the support wall, thus achieving the initial adjustment of the height of the magnetic mechanism 41. Furthermore, the position of the magnetic mechanism 41 connected to the mounting base 42 is also adjustable along the height direction, thus achieving further adjustment of the height of the magnetic mechanism 41, ensuring that the magnetic attraction force generated by the magnetic mechanism 41 is closer to the preset size, and ensuring the concentricity of the product.

[0146] In this embodiment, the closed end wall 421 of the mounting cavity 42a is provided with a threaded hole 42b, and the adjusting component includes an adjusting bolt 43, which is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole 42b.

[0147] Thus, the lower end wall of the adjusting bolt 43 forms a support wall. When it is necessary to adjust the installation height of the mounting base 42, the support wall can be raised or lowered relative to the mounting base 42 by turning the adjusting bolt 43. Specifically, when the height of the support wall relative to the mounting base 42 is raised, in the installed state, the support beam 23 is close to the closed end of the mounting cavity 42a, and the installation height of the mounting base 42 is lowered; when the height of the support wall relative to the mounting base 42 is lowered, in the installed state, the support beam 23 is close to the open end of the mounting cavity 42a, and the installation height of the mounting base 42 is raised.

[0148] It can be seen that the installation height of the mounting base 42 can be adjusted by adjusting the screw connection between the bolt 43 and the threaded hole 42b. The operation is convenient and the installation position of the mounting base 42 is more reliable.

[0149] Depend on Figure 25 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the closed end wall 421 of the mounting cavity 42a is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 42b, which are spaced apart. The adjusting component includes five adjusting bolts 43, which are spaced apart within the closed end wall 421.

[0150] In practical applications, there is no limit to the number of threaded holes 42b provided on the closed end wall 421 of the mounting cavity 42a, nor is there a limit to the number of adjusting components including adjusting bolts 43, as long as the installation stability of the mounting base 42 can be guaranteed.

[0151] In addition, in practical applications, the adjustment component can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the adjustment component includes multiple pads and connectors. Each pad has a different thickness, and each pad has a threaded hole on its upper sidewall. The closed end wall 421 of the mounting cavity 42a has a matching through hole. The connector passes through the corresponding through hole and is screwed to the threaded hole for fixation. This allows the pads to be detachably connected to the inside of the closed end wall 421 of the mounting cavity 42a. The lower sidewall of the pad forms a support wall. When it is necessary to adjust the installation height of the mounting seat 42, different pads can be replaced. Specifically, when the installation height of the mounting seat 42 needs to be increased, a thicker pad can be replaced, and the height of the support wall relative to the mounting seat 42 decreases. In the installed state, the support beam 23 is close to the open end of the mounting cavity 42a, and the installation height of the mounting seat 42 increases. When the installation height of the mounting seat 42 needs to be decreased, a thinner pad can be replaced, and the height of the support wall relative to the mounting seat 42 increases. In the installed state, the support beam 23 is close to the closed end of the mounting cavity 42a, and the installation height of the mounting seat 42 decreases.

[0152] Depend on Figure 25 As can be seen, in this embodiment, there are two magnetic mechanisms 41, and the two magnetic mechanisms 41 are respectively connected to the outer sides of the two side walls 422 of the mounting cavity 42a.

[0153] In practical applications, the number of magnetic mechanisms 41 is not limited; for example, there can be at least one magnetic mechanism 41. This application provides two magnetic mechanisms 41, which allows the magnetic adsorption device 4 to generate double the adsorption force, ensuring reliable adsorption of the product.

[0154] As mentioned above, the magnetic mechanism 41 is connected to the outer side of the side wall 422 of the mounting cavity 42a. Specifically, in this embodiment, as follows... Figure 25 As shown, the magnetic adsorption device 4 also includes a transition seat 44, the magnetic mechanism 41 is fixed to the transition seat 44, the transition seat 44 is connected to the mounting seat 42, the connection position of the transition seat 44 is adjustable along the height direction, and the transition seat 44 can also be fixed relative to the mounting seat 42 when adjusted to a preset height.

[0155] Thus, the transition seat 44 can serve as a transfer point, and the magnetic mechanism 41 is fixed to the transition seat 44, ensuring a reliable connection and stable installation of the magnetic mechanism 41. At the same time, by adjusting the connection position of the transition seat 44, the connection height of the magnetic mechanism 41 can be indirectly adjusted, making operation convenient.

[0156] The transition seat 44 includes a first connecting part 441 and a second connecting part 442 connected at right angles. The first connecting part 441 extends horizontally, and the second connecting part 442 extends vertically upward. A magnetic mechanism 41 is fixed to the lower side wall of the first connecting part 441. The second connecting part 442 is used to connect with the mounting seat 42. Specifically, the side wall 422 of the mounting cavity 42a is provided with a plurality of third connecting hole groups, which are distributed along the height direction. Each third connecting hole group has one or more third connecting holes 42c. The plurality of third connecting holes 42c are distributed along the horizontal direction. The second connecting part 442 is provided with at least one fourth connecting hole 44a. It also includes at least one fixing member, which passes through the corresponding fourth connecting hole 44a and through any third connecting hole 42c to fix the second connecting part 442 and the mounting seat 42.

[0157] Thus, when it is necessary to adjust the connection height of the magnetic mechanism 41, the fixing part can be removed first. At this time, the height of the magnetic mechanism 41 can be adjusted. When the magnetic mechanism 41 is moved to the required height, the fixing part is passed through the fourth connection hole 44a and the corresponding third connection hole 42c to re-fix the second connection part 442 and the mounting base 42, thereby realizing the adjustment of the connection height of the magnetic mechanism 41.

[0158] Of course, in practical applications, the connection method between the second connecting part 442 and the mounting base 42 is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, the second connecting part 442 and the mounting base 42 can also be connected by magnetic attraction, which is reliable and easy to adjust.

[0159] like Figure 25As shown, in this embodiment, the fixing component includes a fixing bolt 451 and a fixing nut 452. The fixing bolt 451 passes through the corresponding fourth connecting hole 44a and third connecting hole 42c, and the fixing nut 452 is screwed to the fixing bolt 451 for fixation.

[0160] In practical applications, both the third connecting hole 42c and the fourth connecting hole 44a can be threaded holes. In this case, the fastener can consist only of the fixing bolt 451, and the fixing bolt 451 and the corresponding third connecting hole 42c and fourth connecting hole 44a are screwed together for fixation.

[0161] In this embodiment, the second connecting part 442 extends vertically upward, and the magnetic mechanism 41 is fixed to the lower side wall of the first connecting part 441. In practical applications, it is also feasible for the second connecting part 442 to extend vertically downward and the magnetic mechanism 41 to be fixed to the upper side wall of the first connecting part 441.

[0162] As mentioned above, the magnetic mechanism 41 is fixed to the transition seat 44. Specifically, the magnetic mechanism 41 and the transition seat 44 can be fixed by welding, snap-fitting, bonding, or by a connector. Specifically, the first connecting part 441 is provided with at least one through hole, and the magnetic mechanism 41 is provided with at least one threaded connection hole. The connector includes a connecting bolt 46, which passes through the through hole and is screwed to the corresponding threaded connection hole.

[0163] As can be seen, in this embodiment, there are two connecting bolts 46. In practical applications, the specific number of connecting bolts 46 is not limited, as long as the connection stability of the magnetic mechanism 41 can be guaranteed.

[0164] It is understandable that in practical applications, the magnetic adsorption device 4 is not limited to the implementation method of this embodiment. For example, the magnetic adsorption device 4 can be changed to the form of an electromagnet, and the magnitude of the magnetic adsorption force can be automatically adjusted according to the length of the core mold 02 to ensure the concentricity of the core mold 02, greatly reduce the workload of adjusting the mold, improve production efficiency, and realize the automation of pultrusion.

[0165] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 29 , Figure 29 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the core mold adjustment seat in the preforming tooling.

[0166] In this invention, the core mold fixing part includes a core mold support seat 51 located at the front end of the support frame 2 and a core mold adjustment seat 52 located at the rear end of the support frame 2. The core mold adjustment seat 52 has a receiving hole 52a. During operation, the core mold 02 used to form the intermediate cavity is fixed to the front end plate 24 of the support frame 2 by a connector, such as a bolt, etc., the middle part is supported on the core mold support seat 51, and the rear end is inserted into the receiving hole 52a of the core mold adjustment seat 52. The core mold 02 used to form the two side cavities is supported on the core mold support seat 51 by the front end and fixed to the core mold support seat 51 by a connector, such as a bolt, etc., and the rear end is inserted into the receiving hole 52a of the core mold adjustment seat 52.

[0167] In the theoretical installation state, there is a preset gap between the inner peripheral wall of the receiving hole 52a and the corresponding end wall of the core mold 02. Therefore, by measuring the distance between the inner peripheral wall of the receiving hole 52a and the corresponding end wall of the core mold 02, it can be determined whether the core mold 02 is in the theoretical installation state, so as to adjust the position of the core mold 02 in time and ensure the smooth progress of subsequent pultrusion work.

[0168] Depend on Figure 29 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the lower end of the core mold adjustment seat 52 is provided with two connecting ears, the connecting ears are provided with connecting holes, the lower fixing part 22 of the support frame 2 is provided with corresponding threaded holes, and also includes connecting parts, such as screws, etc. The connecting parts pass through the corresponding through holes and are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes to realize the fixation of the core mold adjustment seat 52 and the support frame 2.

[0169] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 and Figure 30 , Figure 30 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the second angle of the preforming tooling.

[0170] In the preforming fixture of the present invention, the front end plate 24 of the support frame 2 is provided with multiple strip holes, which extend vertically and the length of the strip holes gradually increases from the middle to both ends; the two ends of the front end plate 24 are connected to two extension plates 61, which are also provided with multiple strip holes, which extend vertically. The front end plate 24 and the two extension plates 61 at both ends together form the fabric inlet plate 6, and the strip holes form the fabric inlet 6a. Each yarn guide 12b is correspondingly set with one of the fabric inlets 6a.

[0171] Thus, during operation, the fabric enters the preforming fixture through the fabric inlet 6a, and then enters the corresponding preforming mold through the corresponding yarn guide 12b. At the same time, the length of the fabric inlet 6a in the front end plate 24 gradually extends from the middle to both ends, allowing the fabric inlet 6a to better match the corresponding fabric and ensuring that the fabric does not shift during the preforming process.

[0172] At the same time, by Figure 2 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the front end plate 24 and the extension plate 61 are fixedly connected by connectors, such as bolts, and the connection is reliable. When different products need to be preformed, different extension plates 61 can be replaced according to the requirements, thereby improving the versatility of the preforming tooling of the present invention.

[0173] It is understood that the fabric inlet plate 6 is not limited to the combination of the front end plate 24 and the extension plate 61. For example, the fabric inlet plate 6 can be a separate plate structure. The fabric inlet plate 6 is installed on the support frame 2 and located on the front side of each preform mold. The support frame 2 does not have a front end plate 24 to avoid interference with the fabric.

[0174] The present invention also provides a preforming method. Based on the aforementioned preforming tooling, in the same preforming mold group, each preforming mold preforms a layer of fabric. During operation, the frontmost preforming mold preforms the innermost fabric. After the innermost fabric is preformed, the adjacent rearmost preforming mold preforms the adjacent outer fabric, and so on, forming sequentially from the innermost layer to the outermost layer.

[0175] The preforming method of the present invention is based on the aforementioned preforming tooling, and therefore has the same technical effects as the aforementioned preforming tooling, which will not be repeated here.

[0176] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of the preforming tooling and preforming method provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preforming tooling, characterized in that, It includes at least one set of preforming mold groups, each set of preforming mold groups having one or more preforming molds, and the preforming molds are arranged sequentially from front to back. The preforming molds in the same set are used to form the same part of the product structure. The preforming mold has a protrusion that extends from front to back. The protrusion is an axially penetrating trumpet-shaped tube with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area from front to back. The interior of the protrusion has an inner cavity, which includes a core mold receiving area and a fabric preforming area located on the outer periphery of the core mold receiving area. The front sidewall of the preforming mold has a core mold clearance portion and a yarn guide extending circumferentially along the core mold clearance portion. The core mold clearance portion corresponds to the core mold receiving area, and the yarn guide corresponds to the fabric preforming area. The rear port of the inner cavity is the cavity outlet. In each of the preforming molds in the same group from front to back, the circumferential length of the yarn guide gradually increases, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity outlet gradually increases.

2. The preforming tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preforming mold includes a preforming plate and an adjusting plate. The center of the preforming plate protrudes from front to back to form the protrusion. The adjusting plate is provided with the core mold clearance part and the yarn guide opening. The adjusting plate is connected to the front side wall of the preforming plate, and the connection position of the adjusting plate is adjustable along the circumferential direction.

3. The preforming tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The yarn guide opening is an arc-shaped hole, the front port of the inner cavity is the cavity entrance, and the outline of the cavity entrance is at least an arc-shaped shape corresponding to the position of the yarn guide opening.

4. The preforming tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preforming mold assembly includes an intermediate cavity preforming mold assembly, wherein the preforming mold in the intermediate cavity preforming mold assembly is an intermediate cavity preforming mold. In the intermediate cavity preforming mold, the inner cavity is formed inside the protrusion, the front port of the inner cavity is the cavity inlet, and the cavity inlet is circular. In the adjustment plate, the core mold clearance part has a hole-like structure and matches the shape of the cavity outlet.

5. The preforming tooling according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preforming mold assembly includes an outer contour preforming mold assembly, wherein the preforming mold in the outer contour preforming mold assembly is an outer contour preforming mold. In the outer contour preforming mold, the inner cavity is formed inside the protrusion, and the front port of the inner cavity is the cavity inlet. The cavity inlet is circular. In the adjustment plate, the core mold clearance part has a hole-like structure and matches the shape of the cavity outlet. The adjustment plate is provided with two yarn guides, which are located on the left and right sides of the core mold clearance part.

6. The preforming tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the external contour preforming mold group, there are multiple external contour preforming molds, and the alternating external contour preforming molds are broken along the circumferential direction, and the break position forms an observation zone.

7. The preforming tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The protrusion has a glue injection port at one end near the cavity outlet, and the inner wall of the protrusion has a liquid storage tank at the other end near the cavity outlet. The liquid storage tank extends circumferentially along the protrusion, and the glue injection port communicates with the liquid storage tank.

8. The preforming tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the intermediate cavity preforming mold and the outer contour preforming mold, the preforming plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in the left-right direction. The first plate portion has a first notch, and the second plate portion has a second notch. After the first plate portion and the second plate portion are assembled, the first notch and the second notch enclose the inner cavity.

9. The preforming tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preforming mold assembly includes a two-sided cavity preforming mold assembly, wherein the preforming mold in the two-sided cavity preforming mold assembly is a two-sided cavity preforming mold. In the two-sided cavity preforming mold, the protrusion is internally divided into a core mold clearance cavity and two inner cavities. The two inner cavities are connected to the left and right sides of the core mold clearance cavity. There are two adjustment plates, and the adjustment plates and the inner cavities are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The adjustment plate is provided with a notch with an open end. The notch forms part of the structure of the core mold clearance part. When the adjustment plate is connected to the preforming plate, the notch faces the core mold clearance cavity.

10. The preforming tooling according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the preforming mold with cavities on both sides, the preforming plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in the vertical direction. The first plate portion and the second plate portion are respectively provided with a first notch located in the middle and a second notch located on the left and right sides of the first notch. The corresponding first notch encloses the core mold clearance cavity, and the corresponding second notch encloses the inner cavity.

11. The preforming tooling according to claim 9, characterized in that, The number of preforming mold groups is three, including a middle cavity preforming mold group, two side cavity preforming mold groups, and an outer contour preforming mold group, which are arranged in sequence from front to back.

12. The preforming tooling according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, It also includes a support frame, which includes an upper fixing part and a lower fixing part. The upper fixing part and the lower fixing part are respectively provided with fixing grooves. The fixing grooves extend laterally along the support frame and penetrate the lateral end walls of the upper fixing part and the lower fixing part. The preforming mold is installed between the upper fixing part and the lower fixing part, and the upper and lower ends of the preforming plate are inserted into the corresponding fixing grooves.

13. The preforming tooling according to claim 12, characterized in that, The preforming mold assembly includes an intermediate cavity preforming mold assembly, wherein the preforming mold in the intermediate cavity preforming mold assembly is an intermediate cavity preforming mold. The preforming mold assembly also includes an outer contour preforming mold assembly, wherein the preforming mold in the outer contour preforming mold assembly is an outer contour preforming mold. In both the intermediate cavity preforming mold and the outer contour preforming mold, the preforming plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in a left-right direction. The first plate portion has a first notch, and the second plate portion has a second notch. After the first plate portion and the second plate portion are assembled, the first notch and the second notch enclose and form the inner cavity. The upper and lower ends of the first plate and the second plate can slide along the axial direction of the fixing groove.

14. The preforming tooling according to claim 12, characterized in that, The preforming mold assembly includes a two-sided cavity preforming mold assembly. The preforming mold in the two-sided cavity preforming mold assembly is a two-sided cavity preforming mold. In the two-sided cavity preforming mold, the preforming plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in a vertical direction. The first plate portion and the second plate portion are correspondingly provided with a first notch located in the middle and second notches located on the left and right sides of the first notch. The corresponding first notches enclose the core mold clearance cavity, and the corresponding second notches enclose the inner cavity. The fixing groove for mounting the preformed molds of the two cavities has a preset depth along the height direction. The upper end of the first plate is slidably mounted on the upper fixing groove, and the first plate can move relative to the fixing groove along the height direction. When the first plate moves upward to the disengaged position, the first plate and the core mold can be misaligned along the height direction. The lower end of the second plate is slidably mounted in the fixing groove at the lower end. The second plate can move relative to the fixing groove in the height direction. When the second plate moves downward to the disengaged position, the second plate and the core mold can be misaligned in the height direction. It also includes a connecting component, one end of which is connected to the support frame, and the other end of which is detachably connected to the first plate portion or the second plate portion.

15. The preforming tooling according to claim 12, characterized in that, It also includes one or more fabric adjusting rods, each fabric adjusting rod having a fabric seam extending in a vertical direction. The fabric adjusting rod is mounted on the support frame and is located on the front side corresponding to the preform mold. The mounting position of the fabric adjusting rod is adjustable in the lateral direction of the support frame.

16. The preforming tooling according to claim 12, characterized in that, It also includes a core mold fixing part and a magnetic adsorption device. The core mold fixing part is installed on the support frame and is used to fix the core mold. The magnetic adsorption device is installed at the upper rear end of the support frame. The magnetic adsorption device includes a magnetic mechanism for magnetically adsorbing the tail of the core mold. The position of the magnetic mechanism is adjustable along the height direction.

17. The preforming tooling according to claim 16, characterized in that, The magnetic adsorption device further includes a mounting base and an adjusting component. The mounting base has a mounting cavity with an opening at the lower end. The adjusting component is connected to the closed end wall of the mounting cavity. The lower end wall of the adjusting component forms a support wall. The support wall is located inside the mounting cavity and its height is adjustable. The upper rear end of the support frame has a support beam. The support beam is located inside the mounting cavity and its upper side wall abuts against the support wall. The magnetic mechanism is connected to the outer side wall of the mounting base, and its connection position is adjustable along the height direction.

18. The preforming tooling according to claim 16, characterized in that, The core mold fixing part includes a core mold adjusting seat located at the rear end. The core mold adjusting seat has a receiving hole. The rear end of the core mold is inserted into the receiving hole. In the theoretical installation state, there is a preset gap between the inner peripheral wall of the receiving hole and the corresponding end wall of the core mold.

19. The preforming tooling according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, It also includes a fabric inlet plate, which is located at the front end of each of the preforming molds. The fabric inlet plate has one or more fabric inlets, and each of the yarn guides is configured to correspond one-to-one with one of the fabric inlets.

20. A preforming method, based on the preforming tooling according to any one of claims 1-19, characterized in that, In the same preforming mold group, each preforming mold preforms one layer of fabric. During operation, the frontmost preforming mold preforms the innermost layer of fabric. After the innermost layer of fabric is preformed, the adjacent rearmost preforming mold preforms the adjacent outer layer of fabric, and so on, forming the fabric sequentially from the innermost layer to the outermost layer.

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