Pipeline early warning method and system based on optical fiber sensing

Abstract

The application provides a pipeline early warning method and system based on optical fiber sensing, and relates to the technical field of pipeline safety equipment. The pipeline early warning method comprises a pipeline information processing module, a signal emitting module, a front-end processor and a back-end processor. The pipeline information processing module is connected with the signal emitting module and the back-end processor. The input end of the front-end processor is connected with the signal emitting module. A sensing optical fiber is arranged between the front-end processor and the back-end processor. The application further comprises an early warning sleeve, which is arranged outside a pipeline to be warned. The sensing optical fiber is arranged between the early warning sleeve and the pipeline to be warned. Sealing rings are arranged at the front end and the back end of the early warning sleeve. The front-end processor and the back-end processor are arranged at the two sealing rings respectively to record the optical fiber signals at the corresponding positions and transmit the signals to the pipeline information processing module. Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, real-time monitoring of the pipeline state, and effective monitoring and protection of slight leakage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pipeline safety equipment, in particular to a pipeline early warning method and system based on optical fiber sensing. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of urban construction, the pipeline laying between cities and in buildings is also increasing. The urban pipeline is one of the important infrastructures of urban construction, and the development of urban pipeline facilities has become an important symbol of urban modernization. With the increasing total amount of pipeline construction, it is more and more important to monitor, maintain and repair the pipeline to ensure pipeline safety.

[0003] In the prior art, due to the long distance of inter-city pipeline transportation and the complex environment passed through, the monitoring method mainly uses manual patrol, buried point-type vibration detection alarm. This alarm method has low sensitivity, low automation degree, information transmission lag, and needs to consume a lot of manpower and material resources. For the pipeline built in the building, such as natural gas pipeline, a natural gas alarm is usually installed in the user's home to monitor the end of the pipeline to prompt the leakage. This preventive measure is relatively isolated and cannot be linked. In the case of no one or personnel in a coma on the spot, it cannot be handled in time, and the safety situation of the pipeline in the middle cannot be monitored.

[0004] In view of the above technical defects, the present application provides a pipeline early warning method and system based on optical fiber sensing to solve the current problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a pipeline early warning method and system based on optical fiber sensing, which has simple structure, convenient use, can monitor the pipeline state in real time, and can also effectively monitor and protect the slight leakage.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0007] A pipeline early warning system based on optical fiber sensing, comprising a pipeline information processing module, a signal transmitting module, a front-end processor and a back-end processor; the pipeline information processing module is connected with the signal transmitting module and the back-end processor, the input end of the front-end processor is connected with the signal transmitting module, and a sensing optical fiber is arranged between the front-end processor and the back-end processor; further comprising a warning pipe sleeve, the warning pipe sleeve is sleeved outside the pipeline to be warned, the sensing optical fiber is arranged between the warning pipe sleeve and the pipeline to be warned, and sealing rings are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the warning pipe sleeve; the front-end processor and the back-end processor are respectively arranged at the two sealing rings to record the optical fiber signals of the corresponding positions and transmit them to the pipeline information processing module; the optical fiber signals include optical fiber light intensity, frequency and polarization signals.

[0008] Further, in the present application, the signal emitting module comprises a laser emitter and a modulator, and the front-end processor and the back-end processor are both provided with a timer.

[0009] Further, in the present application, the pre-warning pipe sleeve is provided with a plurality of pre-warning pipe sleeves, and two adjacent pre-warning pipe sleeves are fixedly connected and provided with a middle-end processor and a polarized light emitter between them; the middle-end processor is connected with the adjacent front-end processor or middle-end processor.

[0010] Further, in the present application, the two adjacent sealing rings are both provided with an inlet pressure through hole and an outlet pressure through hole, and the inlet pressure through hole and the outlet pressure through hole on the two adjacent sealing rings are oppositely arranged; the inner side of the inlet pressure through hole is provided with a plugging plate, a reset spring is arranged in the inlet pressure through hole, and the plugging plate and the sealing ring are both provided with an electrically connected piece on the side corresponding to each other; the electrically connected piece is connected with the middle-end processor.

[0011] Further, in the present application, the sensing optical fiber is provided with a plurality of sensing optical fibers, and the plurality of sensing optical fibers are uniformly arranged around the side of the pipeline to be warned.

[0012] Further, in the present application, the pre-warning pipe sleeve is provided with a pressure pull ring, and the pressure pull ring is sleeved on the pipeline to be warned; one end of the pressure pull ring is fixedly connected with the sensing optical fiber, and the other end is fixedly connected with the pipeline to be warned on the opposite side of the sensing optical fiber; the pressure pull ring is obliquely arranged.

[0013] Further, in the present application, two pressure pull rings are arranged in mirror image at the fixed connection position of the sensing optical fiber.

[0014] A pipeline pre-warning method based on optical fiber sensing, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1, the sensing optical fiber is laid on the pipeline to be warned, the pre-warning pipe sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the pipeline to be warned, the front-end processor and the back-end processor are arranged in front of and behind the pre-warning pipe sleeve, and the pipeline information processing module and the signal emitting module are arranged;

[0016] S2, the difference between the front-end optical fiber signal and the back-end optical fiber signal of the pre-warning pipe sleeve is preset, and the initial value of the signal emitting module is adjusted;

[0017] S3, the signal emitting module emits the optical fiber signal, and the front-end processor and the back-end processor record and transmit the optical fiber signal to the pipeline information processing module;

[0018] S4, the pipeline information processing module processes the optical fiber signal, compares the difference between the front-end optical fiber signal and the back-end optical fiber signal, and the difference exceeding the preset range is a pre-warning.

[0019] Further, in the present application, in the above step S1, the middle end processor and the polarized light emitter are arranged between the plurality of adjacent early warning pipe sleeves; in step S3, the middle end processor detects that the optical fiber signal difference exceeds the preset value, and the polarized light emitter emits polarized light into the sensing optical fiber; in step S4, the pipeline information processing module processes the polarized light signal to obtain the early warning position.

[0020] Further, in the present application, in the above step S1, the middle end processor and the polarized light emitter are arranged between the plurality of adjacent early warning pipe sleeves; in step S3, the middle end processor detects that the optical fiber signal difference exceeds the preset value, and the polarized light emitter emits polarized light into the sensing optical fiber; in step S4, the pipeline information processing module processes the polarized light signal to obtain the early warning position.

[0021] The present application has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0022] In the prior art, due to the long distance and complex environment of the inter-city pipeline, manual inspection and buried point-type vibration detection alarm are mainly used, which is not only low in sensitivity but also time-consuming and laborious; and the pipeline constructed in the building, such as the natural gas pipeline, usually uses the installation of natural gas alarm and other end alarm to alarm after the incident, which cannot prevent the incident in advance, and such defense measures are relatively isolated and cannot be linked to the outside world.

[0023] The present application provides a pipeline early warning system based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises a pipeline information processing module, a signal emitting module, a front end processor and a back end processor; the pipeline information processing module is connected with the signal emitting module and the back end processor, the input end of the front end processor is connected with the signal emitting module, and the sensing optical fiber is arranged between the front end processor and the back end processor; the early warning pipe sleeve is further provided, the early warning pipe sleeve is sleeved outside the pipeline to be warned, the sensing optical fiber is arranged between the early warning pipe sleeve and the pipeline to be warned, and the sealing rings are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the early warning pipe sleeve; the front end processor and the back end processor are respectively arranged at the two sealing rings to record the optical fiber signals at the corresponding positions and transmit the optical fiber signals to the pipeline information processing module; the optical fiber signals comprise optical fiber light intensity, frequency and polarization signals.

[0024] The present application can emit optical fiber signals through the signal emitting module, record the optical fiber signals at the corresponding positions through the front end processor and the back end processor, and transmit the optical fiber signals to the pipeline information processing module, so as to judge whether the environmental temperature, pressure and displacement outside the pipeline to be warned exceed the safety value through the changes of the light intensity, phase, frequency, polarization and wavelength of the optical fiber signals in the transmission process, so as to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring of the safety of the pipeline.

[0025] Meanwhile, the application sets the early warning pipe sleeve to wrap the pipeline to be warned and the sensing optical fiber, the early warning pipe sleeve makes the sensing optical fiber more sensitive to the environment pressure outside the pipeline, and when the pipeline leakage occurs, the early warning pipe sleeve can wrap to prevent the leakage in a short time, provide time for maintenance, and also can accumulate the leakage to find the tiny leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation to the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of the drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 is the front view of the embodiment of the application;

[0028] Figure 2 is the sectional view of the sealing ring of the embodiment of the application;

[0029] Figure 3 is the sectional view of the early warning pipe sleeve of the embodiment of the application;

[0030] Figure 4 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the application.

[0031] Figure legend: 1, pipeline information processing module; 2, signal transmitting module; 3, front-end processor; 4, back-end processor; 5, sensing optical fiber; 6, early warning pipe sleeve; 7, sealing ring; 8, modulator; 9, middle-end processor; 10, polarized light transmitter; 11, pressure inlet through hole; 12, pressure outlet through hole; 13, plugging plate; 14, reset spring; 15, electrically connected sheet; 16, pressure pull ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the application more clear, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the application, but not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of the protection of the application.

[0034] Embodiment:

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The embodiment of the present application provides a pipeline early warning system based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises a pipeline information processing module 1, a signal transmitting module 2, a front-end processor 3 and a back-end processor 4; the pipeline information processing module 1 is connected with the signal transmitting module 2 and the back-end processor 4, the input end of the front-end processor 3 is connected with the signal transmitting module 2, and a sensing optical fiber 5 is arranged between the front-end processor 3 and the back-end processor 4; the early warning sleeve 6 is further arranged outside the pipeline to be warned, the sensing optical fiber 5 is arranged between the early warning sleeve 6 and the pipeline to be warned, and the early warning sleeve 6 is provided with a sealing ring 7 at both ends; the front-end processor 3 and the back-end processor 4 are respectively arranged at the two sealing rings 7 to record the optical fiber signals at the corresponding positions and transmit the optical fiber signals to the pipeline information processing module 1; the optical fiber signals comprise optical fiber light intensity, frequency and polarization signals.

[0036] In the prior art, due to the long transportation distance and complex environment of the pipeline between cities, artificial patrol and buried point-type vibration detection alarm are mainly used, which are not only low in sensitivity but also time-consuming and laborious; and the pipeline built in the building, such as the natural gas pipeline, usually adopts the installation of natural gas alarm and other end alarm, which can only alarm after the occurrence and cannot prevent in advance, and such defense measures are relatively isolated and cannot be linked with the outside. The present application can emit optical fiber signals through the signal transmitting module 2, record the optical fiber signals at the corresponding positions through the front-end processor 3 and the back-end processor 4 and transmit the optical fiber signals to the pipeline information processing module 1 by arranging the pipeline information processing module 1, the signal transmitting module 2, the front-end processor 3 and the back-end processor 4, so as to judge whether the environmental temperature, pressure and displacement outside the pipeline to be warned exceed the safety value according to the changes of the light intensity, phase, frequency, polarization and wavelength of the optical fiber signals in the transmission process, so as to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring of the safety of the pipeline.

[0037] Meanwhile, the present application can make the sensing optical fiber 5 more sensitive to the environmental pressure outside the pipeline by arranging the early warning sleeve 6 to wrap the pipeline to be warned and the sensing optical fiber 5; and when the pipeline leakage occurs, the early warning sleeve 6 can wrap the pipeline to be warned, prevent the leakage in a short time and provide time for maintenance; meanwhile, the sensing optical fiber 5 is arranged in the early warning sleeve 6, the changes of the internal and external pressures of the early warning sleeve 6 have an influence on the sensing optical fiber 5, not only the pressure on one side can be measured, and the early warning sleeve 6 can also accumulate the leaked substances, so that even a small leakage can accumulate and cause an influence on the sensing optical fiber 5.

[0038] Further, in the present application, the signal emitting module 2 comprises a laser emitter and a modulator 8, and the front-end processor 3 and the back-end processor 4 are both provided with a timer. The modulator 8 can modulate the light signal emitted by the laser emitter, and the light intensity, frequency, etc. are adjusted by timing, and the system self-checking is completed by cooperating with the signal feedback of the front-end processor 3 and the back-end processor 4, so as to avoid system failure; the setting of the timer makes it possible to calculate the fault position by the light signal change time and the measurement change time through light signal adjustment.

[0039] Further, in the present application, the above-mentioned early warning pipe sleeve 6 is provided with a plurality of early warning pipe sleeves 6, and two adjacent early warning pipe sleeves 6 are fixedly connected and provided with a middle-end processor 9 and a polarized light emitter 10 therebetween; the middle-end processor 9 is connected with the adjacent front-end processor 3, middle-end processor 9 or back-end processor 4. The middle-end processor 9 is connected with the adjacent front-end processor 3 or middle-end processor 9, and when the signal difference between the two exceeds the preset normal value, the polarized light emitter 10 emits a specific polarized light, and the pipeline information processing module 1 judges the fault position through the specific polarized light signal.

[0040] Further, in the present application, the above-mentioned two adjacent sealing rings 7 are both provided with an inlet pressure through hole 11 and an outlet pressure through hole 12, and the inlet pressure through hole 11 and the outlet pressure through hole 12 on the two adjacent sealing rings 7 are oppositely arranged; the inner side of the inlet pressure through hole 11 is provided with a plugging plate 13, the inlet pressure through hole 11 is provided with a reset spring 14, and the plugging plate 13 and the side corresponding to the sealing ring 7 are both provided with an electrically connected piece 15; the electrically connected piece 15 is connected with the middle-end processor 9. When a leakage accident occurs, the early warning pipe sleeve 6 can play a defense role to avoid the first-time leakage of the material in the pipeline to the outside to cause pollution, and when the pressure of the early warning pipe sleeve 6 at the leakage point reaches the critical value of the pressure of the reset spring 14, the plugging plate 13 can be pushed to release the pressure to the adjacent early warning pipe sleeve 6 to avoid damage; further, the early warning pipe sleeve 6 can be provided with an external release port, and the material in the early warning pipe sleeve 6 can be sucked out for cleaning through the external release port during maintenance. The contact or separation state of the electrically connected piece 15 is transmitted to the pipeline information processing module 1 for processing and recording, and the state thereof can be used to judge whether it is in a continuous leakage state or the severity of the leakage accident, and the more serious the pressure exceeds the preset value, the more the number of early warning sleeve pipes.

[0041] Further, in the present application, the above-mentioned sensing optical fiber 5 is provided with a plurality of sensing optical fibers 5, and the plurality of sensing optical fibers 5 are uniformly arranged around the side of the pipeline to be warned.

[0042] Further, in the present application, the pressure pull ring 16 is arranged in the pre-warning pipe sleeve 6, and the pressure pull ring 16 is sleeved on the pipeline to be pre-warned; one end of the pressure pull ring 16 is fixedly connected with the sensing optical fiber 5, and the other end is fixedly connected with the pipeline to be pre-warned on the opposite side of the sensing optical fiber 5; and the pressure pull ring 16 is arranged obliquely. The arrangement of the pressure pull ring 16 makes the pipeline to be pre-warned cause pressure to the sensing optical fiber 5 through the pressure pull ring 16 when the pipeline to be pre-warned is bent. Two pressure pull rings 16 are arranged in mirror image on the fixed connection position of the pressure pull ring 16 relative to the sensing optical fiber 5. The two obliquely arranged pressure pull rings 16 can better amplify the pressure caused by the pipeline, so that the sensing optical fiber 5 is more sensitive in measurement. It can be understood that multiple groups of pressure pull rings 16 can be arranged.

[0043] A pipeline pre-warning method based on optical fiber sensing, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1, laying a sensing optical fiber on the pipeline to be pre-warned, sleeving a pre-warning pipe sleeve on the outside of the pipeline to be pre-warned, arranging a front-end processor and a rear-end processor in front of and behind the pre-warning pipe sleeve, and arranging a pipeline information processing module and a signal transmitting module;

[0045] S2, presetting a difference between front-end optical fiber signals and rear-end optical fiber signals of the pre-warning pipe sleeve, and adjusting an initial value of the signal transmitting module;

[0046] S3, transmitting optical fiber signals through the signal transmitting module, and recording and transmitting the optical fiber signals to the pipeline information processing module by the front-end processor and the rear-end processor;

[0047] S4, processing the optical fiber signals by the pipeline information processing module, comparing the difference between the front-end optical fiber signals and the rear-end optical fiber signals, and pre-warning when the difference exceeds a preset range.

[0048] The present application can process optical fiber signals in the sensing optical fiber 5 arranged beside the pipeline to be pre-warned through the pipeline information processing module 1, monitor the state of the pre-warning pipeline in real time, and realize automatic monitoring through presetting a preset difference; meanwhile, automatic detection can be realized by adjusting initial optical signal intensity and other information, so that pre-warning failure caused by faults can be avoided.

[0049] Further, in the present application, in the step S1, a middle-end processor 9 and a polarized light transmitter 10 are arranged between multiple adjacent pre-warning pipe sleeves 6; in the step S3, the middle-end processor 9 detects that the difference between the optical fiber signals exceeds a preset value, and transmits polarized light into the sensing optical fiber 5 through the polarized light transmitter 10; and in the step S4, the pipeline information processing module 1 processes the polarized light signals to obtain a pre-warning position. Through the arrangement of the middle-end processor 9 and the polarized light transmitter 10, the fault point can be quickly located; it can be understood that different frequencies and intensities of the polarized light can be used for different positions to avoid confusion.

[0050] Further, in the present application, in step S1, the pressure inlet hole 11, the pressure outlet hole 12 and the blocking plate 13 of claim 4 are arranged; in step S4, the pipeline information processing module 1 processes the optical fiber signal, and the warning position adjacent warning sleeve 6 sends a warning, that is, an alarm. The arrangement of the pressure inlet hole 11, the pressure outlet hole 12 and the blocking plate 13 makes full use of the warning sleeve 6, realizes secondary protection, avoids direct environmental pollution and provides valuable time for maintenance.

[0051] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a pipeline warning system based on optical fiber sensing. The pipeline information processing module 1, the signal transmitting module 2, the front-end processor 3 and the back-end processor 4 are arranged, the signal transmitting module 2 transmits the optical fiber signal, the front-end processor 3 and the back-end processor 4 record the optical fiber signal of the corresponding position and transmit it to the pipeline information processing module 1, the pipeline information processing module 1 judges whether the environmental temperature, pressure and displacement outside the pipeline to be warned exceed the safety value by the changes of the light intensity, phase, frequency, polarization and wavelength of the optical fiber signal in the transmission process, so as to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring of pipeline safety. At the same time, the warning sleeve 6 is arranged to wrap the pipeline to be warned and the sensing optical fiber 5, the warning sleeve 6 makes the sensing optical fiber 5 more sensitive to the environmental pressure outside the pipeline; and when the pipeline leakage occurs, the warning sleeve 6 can wrap and prevent leakage in a short time, provide time for maintenance, and accumulate the leaked substances to find the small leakage. The embodiment of the present application provides a pipeline warning method based on optical fiber sensing, which processes the optical fiber signal in the sensing optical fiber 5 arranged beside the pipeline to be warned by the pipeline information processing module 1, and monitors the state of the warning pipeline in real time. The preset difference can be set in advance to realize automatic monitoring; at the same time, the initial optical signal intensity and other information can be adjusted to realize automatic detection, and prevent the warning from failing due to failure.

[0052] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pipeline early warning system based on optical fiber sensing, characterized in that: The system comprises a pipeline information processing module, a signal transmission module, a front-end processor and a back-end processor; the pipeline information processing module is connected to the signal transmission module and the back-end processor, the input end of the front-end processor is connected to the signal transmission module, and a sensing optical fiber is arranged between the front-end processor and the back-end processor; the system also comprises an early warning sleeve, the early warning sleeve is arranged on the outside of the pipeline to be warned, the sensing optical fiber is arranged between the early warning sleeve and the pipeline to be warned, and sealing rings are arranged at the front and back ends of the early warning sleeve; the front-end processor and the back-end processor are respectively arranged at the two sealing rings to record the optical fiber signals at their corresponding positions and transmit them to the pipeline information processing module; the optical fiber signal includes optical fiber light intensity, frequency and polarization signals; The signal transmission module includes a laser transmitter and a modulator, and the front-end processor and the back-end processor are both provided with a timer; There are multiple early warning sleeves, and two adjacent early warning sleeves are fixedly connected, with a mid-end processor and a polarized light transmitter arranged between them; the mid-end processor is connected to the adjacent front-end processor or mid-end processor; Two adjacent sealing rings are each provided with a pressure inlet through hole and a pressure outlet through hole, and the pressure inlet through holes and the pressure outlet through holes on the two adjacent sealing rings are arranged opposite to each other; a blocking plate is provided on the inner side of the pressure inlet through hole, a return spring is provided in the pressure inlet through hole, and an electrical connection piece is provided on the side of the blocking plate corresponding to the sealing ring; the electrical connection piece is connected to the mid-end processor; A pressure pull ring is provided in the warning tube sleeve, and the pressure pull ring is provided outside the pipeline to be warned; one end of the pressure pull ring is fixedly connected to the sensing optical fiber, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pipeline to be warned on the opposite side of the sensing optical fiber; the pressure pull ring is arranged at an angle.

2. The pipeline early warning system based on optical fiber sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of sensing optical fibers are provided, and the plurality of sensing optical fibers are evenly arranged around the circumference of the pipeline to be warned.

3. The pipeline early warning system based on optical fiber sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure pull rings are mirror-imaged with two at the fixed connection position of the sensing optical fiber.

4. A pipeline early warning method based on optical fiber sensing, using the pipeline early warning system based on optical fiber sensing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Lay a sensing optical fiber outside the pipeline to be warned, set an early warning sleeve on the outside of the pipeline to be warned, set a front-end processor and a back-end processor before and after the early warning sleeve, and set a pipeline information processing module and a signal transmission module. The early warning sleeve is provided with multiple, and the front and back ends of the early warning sleeve are provided with the sealing ring. A mid-end processor and a polarized light transmitter are provided between multiple adjacent early warning sleeves. S2. Preset the difference between the optical fiber signal at the front end and the optical fiber signal at the back end of the warning tube sleeve and adjust the initial value of the signal transmission module; S3. The optical fiber signal is transmitted through the signal transmission module. The front-end processor and the back-end processor record and transmit the optical fiber signal to the pipeline information processing module. The mid-end processor detects that the optical fiber signal difference exceeds the preset value and transmits polarized light into the sensing optical fiber through the polarized light transmitter. S4. The pipeline information processing module processes the optical fiber signal and compares the difference between the front-end optical fiber signal and the back-end optical fiber signal. If the difference exceeds the preset range, an alarm is issued.

5. The pipeline early warning method based on optical fiber sensing according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S4, the pipeline information processing module processes the optical fiber signal, and the warning pipe sleeve adjacent to the warning position issues a warning, that is, an alarm.

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