A fleshing device and method for making a human bone specimen

Abstract

The application discloses a meat removing device and method for preparing human skeleton specimens in the technical field of skeleton specimen preparation, which comprises a rack and a first container installed on the rack, a second container is horizontally and slidingly matched in the first container, and the first container and the second container form a preparation cavity with an upper opening; a first hole plate is fixedly installed on the first container, a second hole plate is fixedly installed on the second container, and the holes on the first hole plate and the second hole plate are arranged in an up-and-down staggered mode; the second container is connected with a driving component, an output shaft of a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second container, a shaft cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a power component through a first electromagnetic valve, and the shaft cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the preparation cavity through a second electromagnetic valve; a shaftless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the preparation cavity through a third electromagnetic valve, and the shaftless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a fourth electromagnetic valve; and a plurality of elastic elements abutting against a piston are arranged on the side of the hydraulic cylinder away from the output shaft. The application has simple structure and improves the efficiency of skeleton specimen preparation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of skeletal specimen preparation technology, specifically a flesh removal device and method for preparing human skeletal specimens. Background Technology

[0002] Bones are hard tissues inside or on the surface of the human or animal body. Their functions include movement, support, and protection. Composed of various shapes such as long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones, bones have complex internal and external structures that allow them to maintain rigidity while reducing weight. Human skeletal specimens are of great significance and application value in learning and researching human anatomy, histology, morphology, classification, and the skeletal movement system. They are commonly used reference models in medical research; therefore, the preparation of human skeletal specimens is particularly important in the research process.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN112598984A discloses a device and method for removing flesh from human skeletal specimens. It includes a base, a cooking chamber, and a soaking chamber. The method involves first removing soft tissue from the animal carcass, then placing the bones in the cooking chamber for high-temperature cooking for 2-4 hours, followed by open soaking at a constant temperature of 20-35°C exposed to air for 18-24 hours to allow impurities and remaining soft tissue to separate from the bones, after which the bones are rinsed. While this method is simple and safe, the efficiency is low due to the use of only cooking and soaking, and the subsequent step of separating soft tissue from bones makes the entire separation process time-consuming. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a flesh removal device and method for preparing human skeletal specimens, thereby shortening the preparation time. To achieve the above objective, the technical solution of this invention is as follows: A flesh removal device for preparing human skeletal specimens includes a frame and a first container mounted on the frame. A second container is horizontally slidably fitted inside the first container. The first and second containers constitute a preparation cavity with an upper opening, and the preparation cavity is filled with a dissolving solution.

[0005] A first perforated plate is fixedly installed on the first container, and a second perforated plate is fixedly installed on the second container. The holes on the first and second perforated plates are arranged alternately. The second container is connected to a driving component. When the driving component drives the second container to reciprocate horizontally, the holes on the first perforated plate increase or decrease in size.

[0006] The driving component is a hydraulic cylinder. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the second container. The shafted chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the power component through the first solenoid valve. The shafted chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the preparation chamber through the second solenoid valve. The shaftless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the preparation chamber through the third solenoid valve. The shaftless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fourth solenoid valve. The fourth solenoid valve is connected to the recovery device.

[0007] The hydraulic cylinder has several elastic elements on the side away from the output shaft that abut against the piston.

[0008] Furthermore, a cover plate for sealing the preparation chamber is hinged to the second container. An adjustment plate is provided above the cover plate, and driving components are provided on both sides of the adjustment plate. The driving components drive the adjustment plate to slide vertically back and forth. Scraping nails arranged along the length of the second container are fixedly installed on the adjustment plate. The scraping nails penetrate the cover plate and slide vertically with the cover plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a steel wool ball is fitted onto the end of the scraping nail furthest from the adjusting plate, and the steel wool ball is fixed to the scraping nail.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the second container is fitted with several rollers, and the bottom of the first container is provided with a sliding groove, with several rollers located in the sliding groove. The second container slides horizontally with the first container through the several rollers and the sliding groove.

[0011] Furthermore, a heater is installed on the side wall of the first container.

[0012] Furthermore, the side of the hydraulic cylinder away from the output shaft is a detachable plate, which is detachably connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, and several elastic elements are fixed on the detachable plate.

[0013] Furthermore, using the flesh removal device for preparing human skeletal specimens as described above, the following steps are included:

[0014] Step 1: Place the specimen for which the bone specimen needs to be prepared into the preparation chamber, then add a dissolving solution to cover the specimen, soak it, and heat the dissolving solution with a heater;

[0015] Step 2: Seal the preparation chamber with a cover plate. After soaking the specimen for 1-2 hours, adjust the position of the scraping nails with the power component until the scraping nails contact the specimen. Intermittently start the power component. Under the action of the power component, the drive component moves horizontally back and forth. The drive component drives the scraping nails to move back and forth to remove soft tissue from the specimen.

[0016] Step 3: readjust the position of the scraping pins until only the steel wool is in contact with the soft tissue of the specimen;

[0017] Step 4: Replace the solution by reciprocating motion of the drive component.

[0018] Furthermore, the solution is a low concentration of NaOH of 3%-8%, and 1-2% of protease or degreasing agent is added to the NaOH.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 1, the heating temperature is 80-100℃, and the heating time is 1-5 hours.

[0020] The above scheme achieves the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention decomposes soft tissue more efficiently by soaking in the solution and by heating than by boiling in water. At the same time, by using the horizontal reciprocating motion of the second container, the second perforated plate slides horizontally, thereby changing the aperture of the first perforated plate to gradually increase or decrease. When the aperture increases, the volume of the preparation cavity increases, and the solution flows downward through the holes of the first and second perforated plates. When the aperture decreases, the volume of the preparation cavity decreases, and the solution flows upward through the holes of the first and second perforated plates (with a certain impact force). In this way, the separation of soft tissue and bone is promoted by the flow of liquid.

[0021] (2) In this invention, the soft tissue below is flushed by the impact of the dissolving liquid, while the soft tissue above is scraped by the removal pin. During the scraping process, the soft tissue is damaged in advance by the scraping pin and scraped off by the steel wool. In this way, the separation of soft tissue and bone is improved from both the top and bottom positions. Of course, due to the setting of the driving component, the position of the scraping pin can be adjusted so that the scraping depth can be adjusted. It can also be processed by using only steel wool to a certain extent, reducing the chance of the scraping pin damaging the bone.

[0022] (3) In this invention, the dissolving liquid in the preparation chamber is replaced by a driving component, which reduces the soft tissue in the dissolving liquid and reduces the amount of oil and other substances, thereby improving the quality of bone specimen preparation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top sectional view in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a side sectional view in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the preparation cavity in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of part A in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of B in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the motion state in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0035] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Removable plate; 2. Spring; 3. Fourth solenoid valve; 4. Third solenoid valve; 5. Piston; 6. Liquid pump; 7. First solenoid valve; 8. Second solenoid valve; 9. Output shaft; 10. Second container; 11. Cover plate; 12. Scraper; 13. Steel wool; 14. Electric cylinder; 15. First orifice plate; 16. First hole; 17. Second hole; 18. Inlet valve; 19. Outlet valve; 20. Second orifice plate; 21. First container; 22. Roller; 23. Slide groove; 24. Adsorption ball; 25. Heater.

[0036] Embodiment 1 of this application: A device for removing flesh from human skeletal specimens is provided, basically as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1-8 The apparatus includes a frame and a first container 21 mounted on the frame. A second container 10 is horizontally slidably fitted inside the first container 21. The first container 21 and the second container 10 form a preparation chamber with a first opening at the top. A groove 23 is formed on the bottom wall of the first container 21. A roller 22 located in the groove 23 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the second container 10. The first container 21 is horizontally slidably fitted with the second container 10 through the groove 23 and the roller 22. The preparation chamber is filled with a dissolving solution, which is a low-concentration NaOH of 3%-8%, and the NaOH contains 1-2% protease or degreasing agent. In this embodiment, a low-concentration NaOH of 5% is preferred.

[0037] The first container 21 is bolted with a first perforated plate 15, and the second container 10 is bolted with a second perforated plate 20 located below the first perforated plate 15. The first hole 16 of the first perforated plate 15 and the second hole 17 of the second perforated plate 20 are arranged alternately, and the second hole 17 is located to the left of the first hole 16.

[0038] A drive component, a hydraulic cylinder, is mounted on the frame. The output shaft 9 of the hydraulic cylinder is bolted to the second container 10. The shafted cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a first solenoid valve 7, which is connected to a power component, a hydraulic pump 6. The shafted cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is also connected to a second solenoid valve 8, which is connected to an inlet valve 18 via a pipe. The inlet valve 18 is bolted to the first container 21 and is connected to the preparation chamber. Several elastic elements, springs 2, are installed in the shaftless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. A detachable plate 1 is located on the side of the hydraulic cylinder away from the output shaft 9, and is detachably connected to the hydraulic cylinder. One end of the spring 2 is fixed to the detachable plate 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the piston 5. In this embodiment, the shaftless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a third solenoid valve 4, which is connected to an outlet valve 19 via a pipe. The outlet valve 19 is fixedly mounted on the first container 21 and is connected to the preparation chamber. The shaftless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is also connected to a fourth solenoid valve 3, which is connected to the recovery chamber.

[0039] In this embodiment, a heater 25 is installed on the first container 21. The heater 25 is an existing heater 25.

[0040] This application provides a method for removing flesh from human skeletal specimens, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Place the specimen to be prepared into the preparation chamber, then add a dissolving solution to cover the specimen and soak it. At this time, heat the dissolving solution through heater 25. Specifically, the heating temperature is 80-100℃ and the heating time is 1-5 hours.

[0042] Step 2: Seal the preparation chamber with cover plate 11. After soaking the specimen for 1-2 hours, adjust the position of the scraping nail 12 using the electric control cylinder 14 until the scraping nail 12 contacts the specimen. Intermittently start the power unit: specifically, the liquid pump 6 sends the dissolving solution into the shaft cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. At this time, the second solenoid valve 8 is closed. Under pressure, as shown in the attached... Figure 1The piston 5 moves to the right to discharge the waste liquid in the shaftless chamber to the recovery chamber through the fourth solenoid valve 3, at which time the fourth solenoid valve 3 is closed. After closing the third and opening the fourth solenoid valve 3, the second solenoid valve 8 is opened and the first solenoid valve 7 is closed. Under the action of the elastic element, the piston 5 is pushed to the left, and the solution in the shafted chamber enters the preparation chamber through the second solenoid valve 8 and the outlet valve 19. At the same time, a negative pressure is generated in the shaftless chamber, and some of the used solution is drawn in through the fourth solenoid valve 3 and the inlet valve 18. In this way, the power component can drive the second container 10 to reciprocate horizontally by transmitting the solution and resetting the elastic element. Therefore, under the action of the power component, the drive component reciprocates horizontally, and the drive component drives the scraper nail 12 to reciprocate to remove soft tissue from the specimen. Of course, in this embodiment, the horizontal reciprocating motion of the second container 10 causes the second perforated plate 20 to slide horizontally, thereby gradually increasing or decreasing the aperture of the first perforated plate 15. When the aperture increases, the volume of the preparation chamber increases, and the dissolving liquid flows downward through the holes of the first perforated plate 15 and the second perforated plate 20. When the aperture decreases, the volume of the preparation chamber decreases, and the dissolving liquid flows upward through the holes of the first perforated plate 15 and the second perforated plate 20 (with a certain impact force). In this way, the flow of liquid promotes the separation of soft tissue and bone. In this embodiment, when the waste liquid is discharged through the fourth solenoid valve 3, a barrier net is formed by several elastic elements to block some tissue. Then, the detachable plate 1 is removed from the hydraulic cylinder to process the tissue on the elastic elements, so that the discharged waste liquid contains relatively few impurities.

[0043] Step 3: Adjust the position of the scraping nail 12 again using the electric control cylinder 14 until only the steel wool 13 is in contact with the soft tissue of the specimen to remove the soft tissue.

[0044] Step 4: Replace the solute by reciprocating motion of the drive component, i.e., repeat steps 2 and 3.

[0045] The above method removes 80%-90% of the soft tissue from human anatomical specimens, preserving the skeletal structure. The bones are then classified into long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones according to their morphology and encapsulated separately to facilitate the effective removal of muscle tissue.

[0046] Embodiment 2 of this application: A plurality of adsorption balls are provided in the preparation chamber. The adsorption balls are made of liposuction material and have a plurality of holes. When the dissolving solution is changed, as in step 3, the adsorption balls 24 can roll due to the impact of the liquid when the dissolving solution is changed, thereby improving the effect of adsorbing grease. The holes can increase the contact area with the dissolving solution. Of course, due to the holes, some soft tissue can also be adsorbed to a certain extent, thus reducing the soft tissue debris in the waste liquid. When the adsorption balls 24 are completely settled at the bottom of the preparation chamber, the adsorption balls 24 can be replaced.

[0047] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and / or characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for removing flesh from human skeletal specimens, characterized in that: The device includes a frame and a first container mounted on the frame. A second container is horizontally slidably fitted inside the first container. The first and second containers form a preparation chamber with an upper opening. The preparation chamber is filled with a dissolving liquid. A first perforated plate is fixedly installed on the first container, and a second perforated plate is fixedly installed on the second container. The holes on the first and second perforated plates are arranged alternately. The second container is connected to a driving component. When the driving component drives the second container to reciprocate horizontally, the holes on the first perforated plate increase or decrease in size. The driving component is a hydraulic cylinder. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the second container. The shafted chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the power component through the first solenoid valve. The shafted chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the preparation chamber through the second solenoid valve. The shaftless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the preparation chamber through the third solenoid valve. The shaftless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fourth solenoid valve. The fourth solenoid valve is connected to the recovery device. The hydraulic cylinder has several elastic elements on the side away from the output shaft that abut against the piston.

2. The flesh removal device for preparing human skeletal specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second container is hinged with a cover plate for sealing the preparation chamber. An adjustment plate is provided above the cover plate. Both sides of the adjustment plate are provided with driving components. The driving components drive the adjustment plate to slide vertically back and forth. Scraping nails arranged along the length of the second container are fixedly installed on the adjustment plate. The scraping nails penetrate the cover plate and slide vertically with the cover plate.

3. The flesh removal device for preparing human skeletal specimens according to claim 2, characterized in that: A steel wool ball is fitted onto the end of the scraper nail furthest from the adjusting plate, and the steel wool ball is fixed to the scraper nail.

4. The flesh removal device for preparing human skeletal specimens according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the second container is fitted with several rollers, and the bottom of the first container is provided with a sliding groove, in which several rollers are located. The second container slides horizontally with the first container through the rollers and the sliding groove.

5. The flesh removal device for preparing human skeletal specimens according to claim 4, characterized in that: A heater is installed on the side wall of the first container.

6. The flesh removal device for preparing human skeletal specimens according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the hydraulic cylinder away from the output shaft is a detachable plate, which is detachably connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder. Several elastic elements are fixed on the detachable plate.

7. A method for removing flesh from a human skeletal specimen, characterized in that: The flesh removal apparatus for preparing human skeletal specimens as described in claim 6 includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the specimen for which the bone specimen needs to be prepared into the preparation chamber, then add a dissolving solution to cover the specimen, soak it, and heat the dissolving solution with a heater; Step 2: Seal the preparation chamber with a cover plate. After soaking the specimen for 1-2 hours, adjust the position of the scraping nails with the drive component until the scraping nails contact the specimen. Intermittently start the power component. Under the action of the power component, the drive component moves horizontally back and forth. The drive component drives the scraping nails to move back and forth to remove soft tissue from the specimen. Step 3: readjust the position of the scraping pins until only the steel wool is in contact with the soft tissue of the specimen; Step 4: Replace the solution by reciprocating motion of the drive component.

8. The method for removing flesh from a human skeletal specimen according to claim 7, characterized in that: The solution is a low concentration of NaOH (3%-8%), and 1-2% of protease or degreasing agent is added to the NaOH.

9. The method for removing flesh from a human skeletal specimen according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 1, the heating temperature is 80-100℃ and the heating time is 1-5 hours.

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