On-board calibration device and calibration method for packaged stress sensor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a real ship calibration device and calibration method for a packaged stress sensor. The device comprises: a calibration loading unit, including a sensor mounting beam and a force applying unit; a data acquisition processing unit, when calibrating the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, a preset axial force is applied to the sensor mounting beam through the force applying unit, and after applying the preset axial force, the corresponding strain sensing values ​​of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and the standard sensor under the current axial force are collected by the data acquisition processing unit, so as to generate strain sensing information under the current axial force based on the collected strain sensing values; calibration information is generated based on the strain sensing information under all axial forces, and the data acquisition processing unit determines the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated based on the calibration information. The present invention can effectively realize the real ship calibration of the packaged stress sensor, and improve the convenience and reliability of the calibration of the packaged stress sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a calibration device and a calibration method, in particular to a real ship calibration device and a calibration method for a packaged stress sensor. Background Art

[0002] For ships and marine engineering structures, under the action of internal forces and periodic fatigue loads caused by wind, waves and currents, cracks or crack propagation are easy to occur in key structural parts, threatening the safety of the overall structure. In order to ensure the safety of ships and improve the ability to predict risks of ships and marine engineering structures, structural safety monitoring technology is developing rapidly.

[0003] In structural safety monitoring, strain is a very important physical quantity related to the total longitudinal strength and local strength of the ship, and is a key parameter that must be monitored. However, in the long-term structural safety monitoring process, due to the long-term effects of temperature, humidity and salinity in the marine environment, strain sensitive components are prone to aging, creep or even failure, so that the long-term reliability of strain sensors cannot be guaranteed. Based on this, various types of packaged stress sensors developed by combining structural sensitive substrates and strain sensitive components have been widely used in the field of ship and marine engineering structural safety monitoring due to their easy installation, repeatable disassembly and maintenance.

[0004] After the strain sensitive element is packaged, the strain value output by the packaged stress sensor is not the actual strain value at the measuring point. Therefore, the packaged stress sensor needs to be calibrated. The purpose of calibration is to obtain the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor so that it can be put into actual ship application.

[0005] Generally, the initial calibration of the packaged stress sensor is carried out in the laboratory, with the help of a large tension and pressure testing machine and a large structural part, the packaged stress sensor is installed on the structural part to measure the sensitivity coefficient. However, during the long-term use of the packaged stress sensor, the performance of the packaged stress sensor may change due to factors such as fatigue and aging, and the packaged stress sensor needs to be calibrated regularly.

[0006] When the packaged stress sensor is calibrated regularly, the packaged stress sensor can be sent back to the laboratory for calibration, but this may require additional time and cost. Therefore, in order to meet the actual needs of structural safety monitoring, the packaged stress sensor needs to be calibrated on board. On-board calibration can reduce transportation and calibration costs, especially when frequent calibration is required or a large number of sensors need to be calibrated. It is more economical. In addition, on-board calibration of the packaged stress sensor can be carried out in the actual working environment of the packaged stress sensor, which can more accurately reflect the measurement results under actual working conditions and provide more real-time and accurate calibration data.

[0007] Packaged stress sensors are usually installed in key parts of the ship structure, such as the deck, hull and other areas. When calibrating the packaged stress sensors in these small and hard-to-reach areas, special calibration devices are required, but it is still difficult to meet the actual ship calibration needs of the packaged stress sensors. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a packaged stress sensor on-board calibration device and a calibration method, which can effectively realize the on-board calibration of the packaged stress sensor and improve the convenience and reliability of the calibration of the packaged stress sensor.

[0009] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the packaged stress sensor on-board calibration device is used to perform on-board calibration on the packaged stress sensor, and the calibration device includes:

[0010] A calibration loading unit, comprising a sensor mounting beam and a force applying unit for applying a calibration axial force, wherein a packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and a plurality of standard sensors are mounted on the sensor mounting beam, and the axial force for calibration is applied to the sensor mounting beam through the force applying unit;

[0011] The data acquisition and processing unit is electrically connected to the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and the corresponding standard sensor on the sensor mounting beam, wherein:

[0012] When calibrating the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, a preset axial force is applied to the sensor mounting beam by a force applying unit, and after the preset axial force is applied, corresponding strain sensing values ​​of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and the standard sensor under the current axial force are collected by a data acquisition processing unit, so as to generate strain sensing information under the current axial force based on the collected strain sensing values;

[0013] Calibration information is generated based on the strain sensing information under all axial forces, and the data acquisition processing unit determines the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated based on the calibration information.

[0014] When generating calibration information based on strain sensing information for all axial forces, this includes:

[0015] For any standard sensor connected to the data acquisition processing unit, generating standard strain sensing information of the current standard sensor based on the strain sensing value of the standard sensor under all preset axial forces;

[0016] For the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, generating strain sensing information to be calibrated of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated based on strain sensing values ​​of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated under all preset axial forces;

[0017] generating calibration information based on the strain sensing information to be calibrated and all standard strain sensing information;

[0018] When determining the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated based on the calibration information, a linear conversion coefficient between the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and each standard sensor connected to the data acquisition processing unit is calculated;

[0019] The sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated is calculated and generated based on all the linear conversion coefficients.

[0020] When calculating the linear conversion coefficient, we have:

[0021]

[0022] Where n is the number of standard sensors connected to the data acquisition and processing unit, β is the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, and K i is the i-th conversion coefficient, Sensor is the strain sensing information to be calibrated, S i is the standard strain sensing information of the i-th standard sensor connected to the data acquisition and processing unit, b i is the i-th offset coefficient, is the mean of the conversion coefficients.

[0023] When calibrating the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, the data acquisition processing unit also generates a nonlinear error, which is:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, L fi is the nonlinear error between the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and the i-th standard sensor, M is the absolute value of the maximum deviation between the fitting straight line generated based on the strain sensing value of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and the strain sensing value of the i-th standard sensor, and N is the maximum absolute value of the strain sensing value of the i-th standard sensor.

[0026] The calibration loading unit further includes a loading base, a mounting beam seat arranged on the loading base, and an axial force transmission beam for transmitting the axial force loaded by the force applying unit, wherein:

[0027] The mounting beams are vertically distributed on the loading base;

[0028] The first end of the sensor mounting beam is fixedly connected to the mounting beam seat, and the second end of the sensor mounting beam is adaptively connected to the first end of the axial force transmission beam through the mounting beam connecting shaft, so that the sensor mounting beam is arranged to be obliquely distributed above the loading base, and in the length direction of the sensor mounting beam, different cross-sectional positions of the same cross-sectional segment have equal normal stress values;

[0029] The second end of the axial force transmission beam extends into the mounting beam seat and is fixedly connected to the mounting beam seat, and the axial force transmission beam is parallel to the loading base.

[0030] Fixing the first end of the sensor mounting beam in the mounting beam seat via the mounting beam mounting shaft;

[0031] A transfer beam connecting shaft is arranged in the mounting beam seat, and is adaptively connected with the second end of the axial force transfer beam extending into the mounting beam seat through the transfer beam connecting shaft;

[0032] The force applying unit is assembled on the loading base and can move on the loading base along the length direction of the axial force transmission beam.

[0033] The force applying unit includes a force sensor and a force sensor connecting frame adapted to be connected to the force sensor, wherein:

[0034] The force applying unit and the sensor mounting beam are respectively located on both sides of the axial force transmission beam;

[0035] The force sensor of the force applying unit is in contact with the axial force transmission beam, and the force applying unit applies axial pressure or axial tension to the sensor mounting beam through the force sensor and the axial force transmission beam.

[0036] When calibrating the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, first configure the position of the force-applying unit on the loading base. For the position of the force-applying unit, the following are available:

[0037]

[0038] Where S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensor mounting beam, ε max is the maximum value of the measuring range of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, E is the elastic modulus of the sensor mounting beam, l is the distance from the contact point between the force sensor and the axial force transfer beam to the connecting axis of the transfer beam, A is the distance between the connecting axis of the transfer beam and the connecting axis of the mounting beam, B is the length of the sensor mounting beam, and C is the distance from the mounting axis of the mounting beam to the connecting axis of the transfer beam.

[0039] A sliding groove is provided on the loading base, wherein the sliding groove allows the force-applying base in the force sensing connecting frame to be embedded and slide along the length direction of the sliding groove;

[0040] The force sensing connecting frame includes a lead screw and a lead screw moving seat sleeved on the lead screw, wherein the first end of the lead screw is connected to the force applying base and can rotate relative to the force applying base, and the force sensor is fixedly mounted on the lead screw moving seat;

[0041] A handle is arranged at the second end of the lead screw, and the lead screw is driven to rotate on the force application base by the handle, so as to drive the force sensor to apply axial force on the axial force transmission beam through the lead screw moving seat.

[0042] A method for calibrating a packaged stress sensor on board a ship is disclosed. Any packaged stress sensor is calibrated on board a ship using the calibration device mentioned above.

[0043] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: a real ship calibration device is formed by using a calibration loading unit and a data acquisition and processing unit. In addition to meeting the calibration capability, the calibration loading unit can be portable, thereby solving the problem that the calibration of the packaged stress sensor can only be performed in the laboratory. The technicians can realize the real ship calibration of the packaged stress sensor in the small area environment where the sensor is located on the real ship, comprehensively considering the actual working conditions of the sensor, and providing more accurate calibration data.

[0044] The force-applying unit can move on the applying base. Through the overall movement of the force-applying device, the force-applying device can apply concentrated force within a certain range at different positions of the axial force transfer beam, thereby controlling the maximum value of the axial force applied to the sensor mounting beam to match the measuring range of different packaged stress sensors to be calibrated. During the calibration process, the force-applying unit can provide axial pressure or axial tension to meet the calibration requirements in different situations.

[0045] The sensor mounting beam has equal positive stress values ​​at different cross-sectional positions in the same cross-sectional segment in the length direction, so that standard sensors and packaged stress sensors to be calibrated can be installed at different positions on the upper and lower surfaces of the sensor mounting beam. By installing multiple standard sensors, the system error caused by equipment processing and human factors can be reduced, and the calibration accuracy of the packaged stress sensors to be calibrated can be improved. In addition, multiple packaged stress sensors to be calibrated can be calibrated at one time to improve the actual ship calibration efficiency of the packaged stress sensors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of a force applying unit, an axial force transfer beam and a loading base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Explanation of the reference numerals: 100-actual ship calibration device, 1-calibration loading unit, 101-sensor mounting beam, 102-loading base, 1021-sliding groove, 103-axial force transfer beam, 104-mounting beam mounting axis, 105-transfer beam connecting axis, 106-mounting beam connecting axis, 107-force applying unit, 1071-force applying base, 1072-support guide rod; 1073-screw, 1074-screw moving seat, 1075-force applying upper seat, 1076-handle, 1077-force sensor; 108-mounting beam seat, 109-transfer beam groove, 2-data acquisition and processing unit, 200-standard sensor, 201-data collector, 202-host computer, 203-analog signal wire, 204-digital signal wire, 200-standard sensor, 300-packaged stress sensor to be calibrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific drawings and embodiments.

[0050] In order to effectively realize the on-board calibration of the packaged stress sensor and improve the convenience and reliability of the calibration of the packaged stress sensor, a packaged stress sensor on-board calibration device is provided, which is used to perform on-board calibration of the packaged stress sensor. In one embodiment of the present invention, the calibration device includes:

[0051] The calibration loading unit 1 comprises a sensor mounting beam 101 and a force applying unit 107 for applying a calibration axial force, wherein a packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and a plurality of standard sensors 200 are mounted on the sensor mounting beam 101, and the axial force for calibration is applied to the sensor mounting beam 101 by the force applying unit 107;

[0052] The data acquisition and processing unit 2 is electrically connected to the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the corresponding standard sensor 200 on the sensor mounting beam 101, wherein:

[0053] When calibrating the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated, a preset axial force is applied to the sensor mounting beam 101 by the force applying unit 107, and after the preset axial force is applied, the corresponding strain sensing values ​​of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the standard sensor 200 under the current axial force are collected by the data acquisition processing unit 2, so as to generate strain sensing information under the current axial force based on the collected strain sensing values;

[0054] Calibration information is generated based on the strain sensing information under all axial forces, and the data acquisition processing unit 2 determines the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated based on the calibration information.

[0055] From the above description, it can be known that the real ship calibration of the packaged stress sensor specifically means that the calibration can be carried out on the ship, and there is no need to bring the packaged stress sensor back to the laboratory for calibration; the real ship specifically means that a real ship environment can be provided.

[0056] Figure 1 and Figure 2 An embodiment of the calibration device is shown in the figure. In the figure, a real ship calibration device 100 can be formed based on the cooperation of the calibration loading unit 1 and the data acquisition processing unit 2, wherein the calibration loading unit 1 can mainly provide the axial force capacity required for the calibration of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated, and the data acquisition processing unit 2 can realize data acquisition and processing during the calibration process, and finally generate the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated. It can be seen from the above description that the calibration of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated is realized. The calibration loading unit 1 and the data acquisition processing unit 2 are described in detail below to illustrate the calibration process of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, the calibration loading unit 1 further includes a loading base 102, a mounting beam seat 108 disposed on the loading base 102, and an axial force transfer beam 103 for transferring the axial force loaded by the force applying unit 107, wherein:

[0058] The mounting beams 108 are vertically distributed on the loading base 102;

[0059] The first end of the sensor mounting beam 101 is fixedly connected to the mounting beam seat 108, and the second end of the sensor mounting beam 101 is adaptively connected to the first end of the axial force transmission beam 103 through the mounting beam connecting shaft 106, so that the sensor mounting beam 101 is arranged to be obliquely distributed above the loading base 102, and in the length direction of the sensor mounting beam 101, different cross-sectional positions of the same cross-sectional segment have equal normal stress values;

[0060] The second end of the axial force transfer beam 103 extends into the mounting beam seat 108 and is fixedly connected to the mounting beam seat 108 , and the axial force transfer beam 103 is parallel to the loading base 102 .

[0061] Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the figure, the calibration loading unit 1 includes a loading base 102, which may be in the shape of a flat block. The entire calibration loading unit 1 may be placed at a target position on a real ship through the loading base 102. The target position is related to the use scenario of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated on a real ship. A mounting beam seat 108 is provided on the loading base 102. The mounting beam seat 108 may be in a box shape or other shapes, so as to meet the requirement that the sensor mounting beam 101 and the axial force transmission beam 103 can be installed by using the mounting beam seat 108.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the sensor mounting beam 101 extends into the mounting beam seat 108, and the first end of the sensor mounting beam 101 is fixed in the mounting beam seat 108 by the mounting beam mounting shaft 104. The mounting beam mounting shaft 104 can be in the form of a pin shaft, specifically, based on being able to fix the first end of the sensor mounting beam 101 in the mounting beam seat 108.

[0063] The sensor mounting beam 101 is in a strip or block shape, and the second end of the sensor mounting beam 101 is located below the first end of the sensor mounting beam 101. At this time, the sensor mounting beam 101 is inclined and is adaptively connected to the first end of the axial force transfer beam 103 through the mounting beam connecting shaft 106. The mounting beam connecting shaft 106 can be in the form of a pin shaft. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the axial force transmission beam 103 can be in a form similar to a channel steel, that is, the axial force transmission beam 103 has a transmission beam groove 109, and the transmission beam groove 109 can be distributed along the length direction of the axial force transmission beam 103. The mounting beam connecting shaft 106 can pass through the second end of the sensor mounting beam 101 and extend into the transmission beam groove 109. Of course, other forms can also be used to realize the connection between the sensor mounting beam 101 and the axial force transmission beam 103 through the mounting beam connecting shaft 106, which is based on whether the axial force can be transmitted to the sensor mounting beam 101.

[0064] Specifically, the sensor mounting beam 101 and the axial force transfer beam 103 are made of metal materials. In order to realize the calibration of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated, it is necessary to configure the sensor mounting beam 101 so that different cross-sectional positions of the same cross-sectional segment in the length direction of the sensor mounting beam 101 have equal positive stress values. Therefore, the axial force can be applied to the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the standard sensor 200 based on the characteristics of the sensor mounting beam 101.

[0065] When calibrating the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated, generally at least the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated is placed on the sensor mounting beam 101, and a standard sensor 200 is installed on the sensor mounting beam 101. The standard sensor 200 can be a calibrated stress sensor, and the form of the standard sensor 200 and the number on the sensor mounting beam 101 can be selected as needed.

[0066] Figure 1In the embodiment, a packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated is placed on the front of the sensor mounting beam 101, and a standard sensor 200 is placed on both sides of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated. The packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the standard sensor 200 can be placed on the sensor mounting beam 101 in a manner commonly used in the art, such as by bonding, bolting, etc., specifically, the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the standard sensor 200 can be assembled on the sensor mounting beam 101. In addition, other numbers of standard sensors 200 can be arranged on the back of the sensor mounting beam 101, and the specific number and distribution can be selected according to needs.

[0067] Furthermore, a transfer beam connecting shaft 105 is provided in the mounting beam seat 108, and the transfer beam connecting shaft 105 is adapted to be connected with the second end of the axial force transfer beam 103 extending into the mounting beam seat 108;

[0068] The force applying unit 107 is assembled on the loading base 102 and can move along the length direction of the axial force transfer beam 103 on the loading base 102 .

[0069] Specifically, the transfer beam connecting shaft 105 can also adopt a pin shaft, and the axis of the transfer beam connecting shaft 105 is parallel to the axis of the mounting beam mounting shaft 104. The second end of the axial force transfer beam 103 extends into the mounting beam seat 108. The transfer beam connecting shaft 105 can be connected to the axial force transfer beam 103. At this time, the axial force transfer beam 103 is assembled above the loading base 102 through the transfer beam connecting shaft 105 and the mounting beam connecting shaft 106. The connection and cooperation form between the transfer beam connecting shaft 105 and the axial force transfer beam 103 can refer to the connection and cooperation form between the above-mentioned mounting beam connecting shaft 106 and the axial force transfer beam 103, and will not be repeated here.

[0070] Based on the connection and cooperation between the above-mentioned axial force transfer beam 103 and the sensor mounting beam 101, the axial force applied by the force-applying unit 107 can be transmitted to the sensor mounting beam 101 through the axial force transfer beam 103. At this time, stress detection can be achieved through the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the standard sensor 200, and the corresponding stress sensing value can be obtained. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment, the axial force transmission beam 103 is generally required to be parallel to the loading base 102. In order to calibrate the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated in different measuring ranges, the force applying unit 107 needs to be movable on the loading base 102, and the moving direction of the force applying unit 107 is consistent with the length direction of the axial force transmission beam 103.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, the force applying unit 107 includes a force sensor 1077 and a force sensor connecting frame adapted to be connected to the force sensor 1077, wherein:

[0072] The force applying unit 107 and the sensor mounting beam 101 are respectively located on both sides of the axial force transmission beam 103;

[0073] The force sensor 1077 of the force applying unit 107 is in contact with the axial force transmission beam 103 , and the force applying unit 107 applies axial pressure or axial tension to the sensor mounting beam 101 through the force sensor 1077 and the axial force transmission beam 103 .

[0074] Specifically, the force sensor 1077 can adopt an existing commonly used form, and the force sensor 1077 can display the concentrated force applied to the axial force transmission beam 103. When the force unit 107 and the sensor mounting beam 101 are respectively located on both sides of the axial force transmission beam 103, it will not affect the movement of the force unit 107 along the length direction of the axial force transmission beam 103.

[0075] The force sensor 1077 needs to be in contact with the axial force transfer beam 103. Depending on the contact position with the axial force transfer beam 103, axial pressure or axial tension can be transmitted to the sensor mounting beam 101. Generally, when the force sensor 1077 contacts the lower surface of the axial force transfer beam 103 and applies concentrated force, axial pressure can be transmitted to the sensor mounting beam 101 through the axial force transfer beam 103; when the force sensor 1077 contacts the upper surface of the axial force transfer beam 103 and applies concentrated force, axial tension can be transmitted to the sensor mounting beam 101 through the axial force transfer beam 103.

[0076] In one embodiment of the present invention, a sliding groove 1021 is provided on the loading base 102, and the sliding groove 1021 allows the force-applying base 1071 in the force sensing connecting frame to be embedded and slide along the length direction of the sliding groove 1021;

[0077] The force sensing connecting frame includes a lead screw 1073 and a lead screw moving seat 1074 sleeved on the lead screw 1073, wherein the first end of the lead screw 1073 is connected to the force applying base 1071 and can rotate relative to the force applying base 1071, and the force sensor 1077 is fixedly assembled on the lead screw moving seat 1074;

[0078] A handle 1076 is provided at the second end of the lead screw 1073 , and the lead screw 1073 is driven to rotate on the force application base 1071 by the handle 1076 , so as to drive the force sensor 1077 to apply an axial force on the axial force transfer beam 103 through the lead screw moving seat 1074 .

[0079] Figure 1 and Figure 2In the embodiment, a sliding groove 1021 is provided on the loading base 102, and the length direction of the sliding groove 1021 is consistent with the length direction of the axial force transfer beam 103. The sliding groove 1021 allows the force base 1071 to be embedded. When the force base 1071 moves in the sliding groove 1021, the force unit 107 can be moved on the loading base 102.

[0080] The force sensor connecting frame also includes a lead screw 1073 and support guide rods 1072 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lead screw 1073, and the length direction of the support guide rods 1072 is consistent with the length direction of the lead screw 1073. The lower end of the support guide rod 1072 is fixed to the force application base 1071. The lead screw moving seat 1074 is screwed to the lead screw 1073, and the lead screw moving seat 1074 can slide on the support guide rod 1072 along the length direction of the support guide rod 1072. The force sensor 1077 is fixed to the lead screw moving seat 1074, so that by driving the movement of the lead screw moving seat 1074, the movement of the force sensor 1077 can be adjusted and / or the application of concentrated force can be achieved.

[0081] In specific implementation, a force-applying upper seat 1075 is further provided at the ends of the lead screw 1073 and the support guide rod 1072, the support guide rod 1072 is fixed to the force-applying upper seat 1075, the end of the lead screw 1073 passes through the force-applying upper seat 1075, and can rotate relative to the force-applying upper seat 1075. A handle 1076 is provided on the end of the lead screw 1073 passing through the force-applying upper seat 1075, and the handle 1076 can be used to drive the lead screw 1073 to rotate.

[0082] Of course, in specific implementation, other methods can also be used to adjust the movement of the force-applying unit 107 on the base 102, as well as adjust the movement of the force sensor 1077 and apply concentrated force. The base method can be selected according to needs.

[0083] As can be seen from the above description, when the range of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated is different, the position where the concentrated force is applied by the force-applying unit 107 needs to be different. In order to adapt to the calibration of packaged stress sensors 300 with different ranges to be calibrated, in one embodiment of the present invention, when calibrating the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated, the position of the force-applying unit 107 on the loading base 102 is first configured, wherein the position of the force-applying unit 107 is configured as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Where S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensor mounting beam 101, ε maxis the maximum value of the measuring range of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated, E is the elastic modulus of the sensor mounting beam 101, l is the distance from the contact point between the force sensor 1077 and the axial force transfer beam 103 to the transfer beam connecting axis 105, A is the distance between the transfer beam connecting axis 105 and the mounting beam connecting axis 106, B is the length of the sensor mounting beam 101, and C is the distance from the mounting beam mounting axis 104 to the transfer beam connecting axis 105.

[0086] Based on the above description, it can be known that for the determined calibration loading unit 1, the cross-sectional area S of the sensor mounting beam 101 and the maximum value ε of the range of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated can be determined. max , the elastic modulus E of the sensor mounting beam 101, the distance A between the transfer beam connecting axis 105 and the mounting beam connecting axis 106, the length B of the sensor mounting beam 101 and the distance C from the mounting beam mounting axis 104 to the transfer beam connecting axis 105, so that the position of the force applying unit 107 on the loading base 102 can be configured according to the above calculations.

[0087] Figure 1 An embodiment of the data acquisition and processing unit 2 is shown in FIG. In the figure, the data acquisition and processing unit 2 includes a data acquisition device 201 and a host computer 202, wherein the data acquisition device 201 is electrically connected to the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the standard sensor 200 through an analog signal wire 203, and the data acquisition device 201 is electrically connected to the host computer 202 through a digital signal wire 204. Both the data acquisition device 201 and the host computer 202 can adopt existing commonly used forms to meet the needs of data acquisition and data processing. When working, the host computer 202 completes the calculation after the entire data acquisition.

[0088] It can be seen from the above description that at least one packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and several standard sensors 200 are installed on the sensor mounting beam 101, among which there is at least one standard sensor 200. When there are multiple standard sensors 200, some of the standard sensors 200 can be selected to be electrically connected to the data collector 201. Of course, it is also possible to select all the standard sensors 200 on the sensor mounting beam 101 to be electrically connected to the data collector 201. The specific selection can be made according to needs.

[0089] During the specific calibration, the data acquisition and processing unit 2 is configured to be in a working state, and the force applying unit 107 is used to apply axial tension or axial pressure on the axial force transmission beam 103. During the force applying process of the force applying unit 107, the applied concentrated force can be gradually applied from 0 to the maximum range of the force sensor 1077 according to the range of the force sensor 1077, such as increasing by 10% of the range of the force sensor 1077 each time, and the change mode of the applied concentrated force can be selected according to needs.

[0090] Generally, after each application of concentrated force, the current state of applying concentrated force needs to be maintained, such as for 20 seconds; within this time range, the data collector 201 is used to collect data, so as to collect the corresponding strain sensing values ​​of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the standard sensor 200 under the current axial force, so as to generate strain sensing information under the current axial force based on the collected strain sensing values. In specific implementation, the sampling frequency of the data collector 201 can be implemented at least once; and when multiple samplings are implemented, the multiple sampling values ​​can be averaged, so that the calculated average value is used as the corresponding strain sensing value under the current axial force.

[0091] In one embodiment of the present invention, when calibration information is generated based on strain sensing information under all axial forces, it includes:

[0092] For any standard sensor 200 connected to the data acquisition processing unit 2, generating standard strain sensing information of the current standard sensor 200 based on the strain sensing values ​​of the standard sensor 200 under all preset axial forces;

[0093] For the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated, generating strain sensing information to be calibrated of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated based on the strain sensing values ​​of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated under all preset axial forces;

[0094] generating calibration information based on the strain sensing information to be calibrated and all standard strain sensing information;

[0095] When determining the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated based on the calibration information, a linear conversion coefficient between the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and each standard sensor 200 connected to the data acquisition processing unit 2 is calculated;

[0096] The sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated is calculated and generated based on all the linear conversion coefficients.

[0097] As can be seen from the above description, during the calibration process, there will be multiple sets of strain sensing information, so the multiple sets of strain sensing information need to be processed to generate calibration information. Thereafter, the host computer 202 calculates the linear conversion coefficient according to the calibration information, and calculates the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated based on the linear conversion coefficient.

[0098] In one embodiment of the present invention, when calculating the linear conversion coefficient, there is:

[0099]

[0100] Wherein, n is the number of standard sensors 200 connected to the data acquisition and processing unit 2, β is the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated, and Ki is the i-th conversion coefficient, Sensor is the strain sensing information to be calibrated, S i is the standard strain sensing information of the i-th standard sensor 200 connected to the data acquisition processing unit 2, b i is the i-th offset coefficient, and K is the mean of the conversion coefficients.

[0101] In specific implementation, based on the above calculation expression, the host computer 202 can calculate n conversion coefficients K by using least squares or optimization methods. i , and according to n conversion coefficients K i , the sensitivity coefficient β of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated can be obtained. Specifically, the calculation process using the least squares or optimization method can be consistent with the existing one. Of course, other methods can also be used to calculate and obtain n conversion coefficients K i , you can choose according to your needs.

[0102] Furthermore, when calibrating the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated, the data acquisition processing unit 2 also generates a nonlinear error, and the nonlinear error is:

[0103] L fi =MN×100%

[0104] Among them, L fi is the nonlinear error between the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the i-th standard sensor 200, M is the absolute value of the maximum deviation between the fitting straight line generated based on the strain sensing value of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated and the strain sensing value of the i-th standard sensor 200, and N is the maximum absolute value of the strain sensing value of the i-th standard sensor 200.

[0105] Specifically, the host computer 202 performs linear fitting and data processing according to the calibration information to obtain the above nonlinear error.

[0106] In summary, for the on-board calibration method of a packaged stress sensor, in one embodiment of the present invention, any packaged stress sensor is calibrated on-board using the calibration device described above.

[0107] Specifically, the calibration method and specific calibration process of the packaged stress sensor can be referred to the above description, which will not be repeated here.

[0108] It can be seen from the above description that the present invention utilizes the calibration loading unit 1 and the data acquisition and processing unit 2 to form a real ship calibration device 100. In addition to meeting the calibration capability, the calibration loading unit 1 can be portable, thereby solving the problem that the calibration of the packaged stress sensor can only be performed in the laboratory. The technicians can realize the real ship calibration of the packaged stress sensor in the small area environment where the sensor is located on the actual ship site, comprehensively considering the actual working conditions of the sensor, and providing more accurate calibration data.

[0109] The force-applying unit 107 of the present invention can move on the applying base 102. Through the overall movement of the force-applying device, the force-applying device can apply concentrated force within a certain range at different positions of the axial force transfer beam, thereby controlling the maximum value of the axial force applied to the sensor mounting beam to match the measuring range of different packaged stress sensors 300 to be calibrated. During the calibration process, the force-applying unit 107 can provide axial pressure or axial tension to meet the calibration requirements under different circumstances.

[0110] The sensor mounting beam 101 of the present invention has equal positive stress values ​​at different cross-sectional positions of the same cross-sectional segment in the length direction, so that the standard sensor 200 and the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated can be installed at different positions on the upper and lower surfaces of the sensor mounting beam 101. By installing multiple standard sensors 200, the system error caused by equipment processing and human factors is reduced, and the calibration accuracy of the packaged stress sensor 300 to be calibrated is improved; in addition, multiple packaged stress sensors 300 to be calibrated can be calibrated at one time to improve the actual ship calibration efficiency of the packaged stress sensor 300.

Claims

1. A packaged stress sensor real ship calibration device, used for real ship calibration of packaged stress sensors, characterized in that: The calibration device comprises: A calibration loading unit, comprising a sensor mounting beam and a force applying unit for applying a calibration axial force, wherein a packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and a plurality of standard sensors are mounted on the sensor mounting beam, and the axial force for calibration is applied to the sensor mounting beam through the force applying unit; The data acquisition and processing unit is electrically connected to the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and the corresponding standard sensor on the sensor mounting beam, wherein: When calibrating the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, a preset axial force is applied to the sensor mounting beam by a force applying unit, and after the preset axial force is applied, corresponding strain sensing values ​​of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and the standard sensor under the current axial force are collected by a data acquisition processing unit, so as to generate strain sensing information under the current axial force based on the collected strain sensing values; Generating calibration information based on the strain sensing information under all axial forces, and the data acquisition processing unit determining the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated based on the calibration information; The calibration loading unit further includes a loading base, a mounting beam seat arranged on the loading base, and an axial force transmission beam for transmitting the axial force loaded by the force applying unit, wherein: The mounting beams are vertically distributed on the loading base; The first end of the sensor mounting beam is fixedly connected to the mounting beam seat, and the second end of the sensor mounting beam is adaptively connected to the first end of the axial force transmission beam through the mounting beam connecting shaft, so that the sensor mounting beam is arranged to be obliquely distributed above the loading base, and in the length direction of the sensor mounting beam, different cross-sectional positions of the same cross-sectional segment have equal normal stress values; The second end of the axial force transmission beam extends into the mounting beam seat and is fixedly connected to the mounting beam seat, and the axial force transmission beam is parallel to the loading base.

2. The encapsulated stress sensor real ship calibration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When generating calibration information based on strain sensing information for all axial forces, this includes: For any standard sensor connected to the data acquisition processing unit, generating standard strain sensing information of the current standard sensor based on the strain sensing value of the standard sensor under all preset axial forces; For the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, generating strain sensing information to be calibrated of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated based on strain sensing values ​​of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated under all preset axial forces; generating calibration information based on the strain sensing information to be calibrated and all standard strain sensing information; When determining the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated based on the calibration information, a linear conversion coefficient between the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and each standard sensor connected to the data acquisition processing unit is calculated; The sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated is calculated and generated based on all the linear conversion coefficients.

3. The encapsulated stress sensor real ship calibration device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When calculating the linear conversion coefficient, we have: Where n is the number of standard sensors connected to the data acquisition and processing unit, β is the sensitivity coefficient of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, and K i is the i-th conversion coefficient, Sensor is the strain sensing information to be calibrated, S i is the standard strain sensing information of the i-th standard sensor connected to the data acquisition and processing unit, b i is the i-th offset coefficient, and K is the mean of the conversion coefficients.

4. The encapsulated stress sensor real ship calibration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When calibrating the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, the data acquisition processing unit also generates a nonlinear error, which is: Among them, L fi is the nonlinear error between the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and the i-th standard sensor, M is the absolute value of the maximum deviation between the fitting straight line generated based on the strain sensing value of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated and the strain sensing value of the i-th standard sensor, and N is the maximum absolute value of the strain sensing value of the i-th standard sensor.

5. The encapsulated stress sensor real ship calibration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Fixing the first end of the sensor mounting beam in the mounting beam seat via the mounting beam mounting shaft; A transfer beam connecting shaft is arranged in the mounting beam seat, and is adaptively connected with the second end of the axial force transfer beam extending into the mounting beam seat through the transfer beam connecting shaft; The force applying unit is assembled on the loading base and can move on the loading base along the length direction of the axial force transmission beam.

6. The encapsulated stress sensor real ship calibration device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The force applying unit includes a force sensor and a force sensor connecting frame adapted to be connected to the force sensor, wherein: The force applying unit and the sensor mounting beam are respectively located on both sides of the axial force transmission beam; The force sensor of the force applying unit is in contact with the axial force transmission beam, and the force applying unit applies axial pressure or axial tension to the sensor mounting beam through the force sensor and the axial force transmission beam.

7. The encapsulated stress sensor real ship calibration device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: When calibrating the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, first configure the position of the force-applying unit on the loading base. For the position of the force-applying unit, the following are available: Where S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sensor mounting beam, ε max is the maximum value of the range of the packaged stress sensor to be calibrated, E is the elastic modulus of the sensor mounting beam, l is the distance from the contact point between the force sensor and the axial force transfer beam to the transfer beam connecting axis, A is the distance between the transfer beam connecting axis and the mounting beam connecting axis, B is the length of the sensor mounting beam, C is the distance from the mounting beam mounting axis to the transfer beam connecting axis, F W The force-applying unit can apply the maximum concentrated force to the axial force transfer beam.

8. The encapsulated stress sensor real ship calibration device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A sliding groove is provided on the loading base, wherein the sliding groove allows the force-applying base in the force sensing connecting frame to be embedded and slide along the length direction of the sliding groove; The force sensing connecting frame includes a lead screw and a lead screw moving seat sleeved on the lead screw, wherein the first end of the lead screw is connected to the force applying base and can rotate relative to the force applying base, and the force sensor is fixedly mounted on the lead screw moving seat; A handle is arranged at the second end of the lead screw, and the lead screw is driven to rotate on the force application base by the handle, so as to drive the force sensor to apply axial force on the axial force transmission beam through the lead screw moving seat.

9. A method for calibrating a packaged stress sensor on a ship, characterized in that: For any packaged stress sensor, a calibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to perform actual ship calibration.

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