A method and device for processing ultra-high power microwave spectrum

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for processing ultra-high power microwave spectrum, including: after filtering the original ultra-high power microwave signal for high-order harmonics and absorbing the harmonic reflection, the ultra-high power microwave signal after filtering is distributed with equal power to obtain multiple first microwave signals with equal amplitude and the same phase to reduce the harmonic output level, and then each first microwave signal is successively subjected to reflection module filtering, band-stop filtering, and band-pass filtering to suppress the receiving band spectrum to obtain multiple microwave signals after receiving band processing, and then each receiving band processed microwave signal is subjected to power synthesis to obtain an ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing, and finally sent to an antenna or a load by a high directional coupler. The present invention realizes the integration of ultra-high power microwave filtering network, realizes the spectrum processing capability under ultra-high power conditions, and improves the ultra-high power spectrum processing technology level of my country in the field of deep space exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of radio frequency and microwave applications, and specifically relates to a method and device for processing ultra-high power microwave spectrum, and is particularly suitable for the application field of X-band microwave ultra-high power transmitters. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of global informatization, a large amount of information needs to be transmitted through radio frequency and microwave communication equipment, requiring faster transmission speed, wider transmission bandwidth and stronger anti-interference ability. Among these requirements, higher-quality spectrum processing methods play an extremely important role. Especially in high-power microwave application fields such as deep space exploration, the role of spectrum processing devices is more prominent, and the difficulty of development is also greatly increased. An increasing number of communication systems must work normally in limited spectrum resources, and the spectrum must be allocated according to demand, which puts more stringent requirements on frequency accuracy. At the same time, with the development needs of civil communication equipment and military communication equipment, more stringent requirements are put forward for spectrum processing devices. Due to the limited power processing level of current reflective bandpass filters, bandstop filters and harmonic filters, it is difficult to directly connect them in series with ultra-high power microwave links and directly perform spectrum processing. Therefore, new link spectrum processing methods need to be considered.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN105428767B discloses an X-band ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter, which achieves suppression of the second, third and fourth harmonics by setting twelve groups of sub-waveguide cavities with gradually varying sizes, with suppression levels greater than 70dB, 60dB and 40dB respectively. However, in actual X-band ultra-high power microwave links, a single filter often cannot meet the index requirements, and a higher suppression level and a more systematic spectrum processing method are required to achieve high-quality spectrum processing capabilities to meet the needs of the current development of ultra-high power microwave communication equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, solve the problem of low suppression degree of a single filter and limited spectrum processing capability, and propose an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing method and device.

[0005] The specific technical scheme of the present invention is:

[0006] A method for processing ultra-high power microwave spectrum comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: receiving the original ultra-high power microwave signal, performing high-order harmonic filtering on the original ultra-high power microwave signal and absorbing harmonic reflection to obtain a filtered ultra-high power microwave signal;

[0008] Preferably, the method for filtering the original ultra-high power microwave signal for high-order harmonics and absorbing harmonic reflections comprises: implementing second, third and fourth harmonic filtering by an absorption harmonic filter, wherein the absorption harmonic filter increases the waveguide transmission power capacity by setting a plurality of sub-waveguide cavities perpendicular to the direction of the main waveguide cavity; realizing impedance matching between the main waveguide cavity and the sub-waveguide cavity by providing a coupling hole with a gradually varying aperture size at the connection between the sub-waveguide cavity and the main waveguide cavity; and realizing absorption of reflected signals of multiple harmonics by setting an absorption load inside the sub-waveguide cavity;

[0009] S2: performing equal power distribution on the filtered ultra-high power microwave signal to obtain multiple first microwave signals with equal amplitudes and phases, so as to reduce the harmonic output level;

[0010] S3: performing reflection module filtering on each of the first microwave signals to obtain multiple second microwave signals, so as to suppress reflection attenuation of multiple harmonics;

[0011] Preferably, the method of performing reflective module filtering on each first microwave signal includes: improving the standing wave characteristic of the filter by arranging an impedance transformation structure, and realizing multiple harmonic reflection suppression by arranging a multi-stage series columnar array in the waveguide cavity;

[0012] S4: performing band-stop filtering on each of the second microwave signals to obtain multiple third microwave signals to suppress the signal level of the receiving frequency band;

[0013] Preferably, the method for performing band-stop filtering on each second microwave signal comprises: matching the characteristic impedance and load impedance of the filter by connecting a main waveguide cavity of a leaky wall cavity structure with a rectangular coupling port having a uniformly changing aperture to a sub-waveguide cavity, suppressing the parasitic output of the reception band signal by causing a single high attenuation peak to appear in the stop band under the action of the rectangular coupling port with inductive characteristics and the sub-waveguide cavity with capacitive characteristics corresponding to the two sides of the main waveguide cavity, and changing the actual working frequency band of the filter by arranging a tuning structure on the sub-waveguide cavity;

[0014] S5: performing bandpass filtering on each of the third microwave signals to obtain a plurality of fourth microwave signals to suppress a receiving band spectrum;

[0015] S6: performing power synthesis on each of the fourth microwave signals to obtain an ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing;

[0016] Preferably, the method of equal power distribution and power synthesis includes: realizing simultaneous transmission of two waveguide modes by setting an over-moded rectangular waveguide with a symmetrical step gradient structure to improve the power capacity of power distribution or synthesis processing, realizing different energy distribution by adjusting the width of each step of the symmetrical step gradient structure, and increasing the waveguide power capacity by increasing the height of the over-moded rectangular waveguide;

[0017] S7: performing high-directivity coupling on the spectrum-processed ultra-high-power microwave signal, and transmitting the coupled signal to an antenna or a load.

[0018] The present invention can realize spectrum processing capability under ultra-high power conditions; by firstly performing high-order harmonic filtering on the original ultra-high power microwave signal to suppress harmonic output, effectively eliminating interference to external related frequency band communication equipment, and absorbing and suppressing reflected harmonic signals to prevent signal reflection from entering the ultra-high power microwave source, thereby reducing the impact on the working state of the ultra-high power microwave source; then the ultra-high power microwave signal after filtering is distributed in power to reduce the signal level and adapt to the power requirements of subsequent band-stop filters, etc., otherwise electric field breakdown is likely to occur; and then each first microwave signal is sequentially passed through a reflective module filter, a band-stop filter, and a band-pass filter to achieve reception. The spectrum suppression of the band is provided by the reflective module filter to provide a certain reflection attenuation suppression for multiple harmonics, and the harmonic attenuation suppression is further increased on the basis of the absorption harmonic filter; the signal level of the receiving band is suppressed by the band-stop filter; the band-pass filter is used to ensure the good transmission characteristics of the passband, and the suppression of the receiving band spectrum is strengthened by the sideband suppression, and together with the band-stop filter, the ultra-large suppression ability of the receiving band is achieved; a super-high-power microwave signal with excellent spectrum characteristics is synthesized through a four-way power synthesizer and sent to a high-directivity coupler. The coupler can effectively extract the forward and reverse microwave power signals and send them to the protection circuit for real-time monitoring. Finally, the super-high-power microwave signal after spectrum processing is sent to the antenna or load.

[0019] The present invention also provides an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device, comprising: an ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter, an ultra-high power distributor, a reflective module filter, a band-stop filter, a band-pass filter, an ultra-high power synthesizer and a coupler assembled in sequence.

[0020] Preferably, the ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter comprises a first upper cavity and a first lower cavity, the first upper cavity and the first lower cavity are buckled to form a first main waveguide cavity, a first waveguide flange and a second waveguide flange are arranged at both ends of the first main waveguide cavity, a first choke groove is opened on the end surface of the first waveguide flange and the second waveguide flange, a first cover plate is arranged above the first main waveguide cavity, an absorption load is installed in the first upper cavity, the absorption load suppresses harmonic reflection by absorbing harmonics, and the ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter outputs a filtered ultra-high power microwave signal.

[0021] Preferably, the ultra-high power distributor comprises a second upper cavity, a second lower cavity and first, second and third rectangular load ports, the second upper cavity and the second lower cavity are buckled to form a second main waveguide cavity, one end of the second main waveguide cavity is provided with a third, fourth, fifth and sixth waveguide flanges in a plane, the other end of the second main waveguide cavity is provided with a seventh waveguide flange, the seventh waveguide flange is a signal input port, the first, second and third rectangular load ports are used for external ultra-high power loads, the end faces of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth waveguide flanges are provided with a second choke groove and a first sealing groove, the second main waveguide cavity is an over-modulated rectangular waveguide structure, the ultra-high The power divider outputs a first microwave signal; the ultra-high power synthesizer comprises a fifth upper cavity, a fifth lower cavity and fourth, fifth and sixth rectangular load ports, the fifth upper cavity and the fifth lower cavity are buckled to form a sixth main waveguide cavity, one end of the sixth main waveguide cavity is provided with four fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth waveguide flanges in the same plane, the other end of the sixth main waveguide cavity is provided with an eighteenth waveguide flange, the eighteenth waveguide flange is a signal output port, the fourth, fifth and sixth rectangular load ports are used for external loads, the sixth main waveguide cavity is an over-moded rectangular waveguide structure, and the ultra-high power synthesizer outputs an ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing.

[0022] Preferably, the reflective module filter comprises a third upper cavity and a third lower cavity, the third upper cavity and the third lower cavity are completely symmetrical, the third upper cavity and the third lower cavity are buckled together to form a third main waveguide cavity, an eighth waveguide flange and a ninth waveguide flange are arranged at both ends of the third main waveguide cavity, an array module structure is arranged on the third upper cavity, an impedance transformation structure is arranged on the third lower cavity, the impedance transformation structure is used to improve the standing wave characteristic of the filter, the array module structure is used to realize multiple harmonic reflection suppression, and the reflective module filter outputs a second microwave signal;

[0023] The band-stop filter comprises a fourth upper cavity, a fourth lower cavity and a plurality of auxiliary waveguides, the fourth upper cavity and the fourth lower cavity are buckled to form a fourth main waveguide cavity, the fourth main waveguide cavity is provided with a tenth waveguide flange and an eleventh waveguide flange at both ends, the end surfaces of the tenth waveguide flange and the eleventh waveguide flange are both provided with a third choke groove and a second sealing groove, a plurality of coupling holes are provided above the fourth upper cavity and below the fourth lower cavity, the auxiliary waveguide is arranged perpendicular to the fourth main waveguide cavity, and the band-stop filter outputs a third microwave signal;

[0024] The bandpass filter comprises a fifth main waveguide cavity, a second cover plate is sealed and connected above the fifth main waveguide cavity, a twelfth waveguide flange and a thirteenth waveguide flange are arranged at both ends of the fifth main waveguide cavity, a fourth choke groove and a third sealing groove are opened on the end faces of the twelfth waveguide flange and the thirteenth waveguide flange, a comb-shaped diaphragm structure is arranged inside the fifth main waveguide cavity, the comb-shaped diaphragm structure is used to realize the discontinuous transition of the rectangular waveguide to realize the bandpass characteristic, and the bandpass filter outputs a fourth microwave signal.

[0025] Preferably, the coupler includes a seventh main waveguide cavity, an upper cover plate is arranged above the seventh main waveguide cavity, a lower cover plate corresponding to the upper cover plate is arranged below the seventh main waveguide cavity, a nineteenth waveguide flange and a twentieth waveguide flange are arranged at both ends of the seventh main waveguide cavity, a fifth choke groove and a fourth sealing groove are opened on the end faces of the nineteenth waveguide flange and the twenty waveguide flange, a forward signal extraction port and a reverse signal extraction port are arranged on the upper cover plate, a cross-shaped coupling groove is arranged between the upper cover plate and the seventh main waveguide cavity, the cross-shaped coupling groove is used to extract high-directivity signals to provide forward monitoring and reflection protection, and the coupler is used to couple the ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing to an antenna or a load.

[0026] In the present invention, the choke slot is used to prevent microwave leakage when connected to an external device, and the sealing slot is used to prevent inert gas leakage inside the filter.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is designed according to the power characteristics of each ultra-high power microwave device, has high power capacity, and the average power capacity can reach more than 100kW; the ports all adopt standard BJ70 waveguide interfaces, which are easy to install; the performance index is good, and the second, third, and fourth harmonics can be suppressed at the same time, the second harmonic suppression degree is greater than 90dB, the third harmonic suppression degree is greater than 70dB, and the fourth harmonic suppression degree is greater than 60dB, which greatly reduces the interference to the receiving channel; the spectrum suppression in the receiving band is more than 140dB, eliminating the noise interference in the receiving band; the positive and negative signals can be extracted in real time to ensure the safe operation of the equipment, and it is very suitable for application in ultra-high power microwave transmitters. At the same time, the present invention can meet the needs of ultra-high power uplinks for my country's deep space exploration, solve the technical problems of spectrum interference in the receiving band and suppression of multiple harmonic broadband spectrum under ultra-high power, break through key technologies such as ultra-high power electric field breakdown, phase consistency of multi-path and multi-stage filtering, and ultra-high power efficient transmission, and develop a variety of ultra-high power microwave filters and power distribution synthesizers, effectively improving the spectrum processing capabilities of my country's ultra-high power transmitters for deep space exploration, and achieving major technological innovations in ultra-high power microwave devices, with significant military, economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The following is a further detailed description of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing method of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a simulation diagram of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing method of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a principle block diagram of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a main structural diagram of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of an absorption harmonic filter 1 of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a power distributor 2 of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of a reflective module filter 3 of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of a band-stop filter 4 of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of a bandpass filter 5 of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a structural diagram of a power synthesizer 6 of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 It is a structural diagram of a coupler 7 of an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device of the present invention.

[0040] Description of the accompanying drawings: ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter 1, ultra-high power distributor 2, reflective module filter 3, band-stop filter 4, band-pass filter 5, ultra-high power synthesizer 6, coupler 7, first choke slot 8, first lower cavity 9, first upper cavity 10, first waveguide flange 11, first cover plate 12, second waveguide flange 13, second sealing groove 14, tenth waveguide flange 15, fourth upper cavity 16, fourth lower cavity 17, auxiliary waveguide 18, eleventh waveguide flange 19, third choke slot 20, eighth waveguide flange 21, ninth waveguide flange 22, third upper cavity 23, third lower cavity 24, impedance transformation structure 25, array module structure 26, third waveguide flange 27, fourth waveguide flange 28, fifth waveguide flange 29, sixth waveguide flange 30, seventh waveguide flange 31, second upper cavity 32, second lower cavity 33, first Rectangular load port 34, second rectangular load port 35, third rectangular load port 6, twelfth waveguide flange 37, thirteenth waveguide flange 38, fifth main waveguide cavity 39, second cover plate 40, fourth choke groove 41, third sealing groove 42, comb-shaped diaphragm structure 43, nineteenth waveguide flange 44, twentieth waveguide flange 45, upper cover plate 46, seventh main waveguide cavity 47, lower cover plate 48, fifth choke groove 49, fourth sealing groove 50, forward signal extraction port 51, reverse signal extraction port 52, second choke groove 53, first sealing groove 54, fifth upper cavity 55, fifth lower cavity 56, fourth rectangular load port 57, fifth rectangular load port 58, sixth rectangular load port 59, fourteenth waveguide flange 60, fifteenth waveguide flange 61, sixteenth waveguide flange 62, seventeenth waveguide flange 63, eighteenth waveguide flange 64. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention includes a method for processing ultra-high power microwave spectrum, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] S1: receiving the original ultra-high power microwave signal, performing high-order harmonic filtering on the original ultra-high power microwave signal and absorbing harmonic reflection to obtain a filtered ultra-high power microwave signal;

[0043] In this embodiment, the method for filtering the original ultra-high power microwave signal for high-order harmonics and absorbing harmonic reflections includes: implementing second, third and fourth harmonic filtering by an absorption harmonic filter, wherein the absorption harmonic filter increases the waveguide transmission power capacity by setting a plurality of sub-waveguide cavities perpendicular to the main waveguide cavity; achieving impedance matching between the main waveguide cavity and the sub-waveguide cavity by providing a coupling hole with a gradually varying aperture size at the connection between the sub-waveguide cavity and the main waveguide cavity; and achieving absorption of reflected signals of multiple harmonics by setting an absorption load inside the sub-waveguide cavity;

[0044] In the waveguide harmonic filter, the number and size of the sub-waveguide cavity and the coupling hole are designed so that the sub-waveguide cavity can extract specific harmonics or high-order mode frequencies from the main waveguide cavity;

[0045] S2: performing equal power distribution on the filtered ultra-high power microwave signal to obtain multiple first microwave signals with equal amplitude and phase, so as to reduce the harmonic output level;

[0046] S3: performing reflection module filtering on each first microwave signal to obtain multiple second microwave signals to suppress reflection attenuation of multiple harmonics;

[0047] In this embodiment, the method of performing reflective module filtering on each first microwave signal includes: improving the standing wave characteristic of the filter by setting an impedance transformation structure, and realizing multiple harmonic reflection suppression by setting a multi-stage series columnar array in the waveguide cavity;

[0048] S4: performing band-stop filtering on each second microwave signal to obtain multiple third microwave signals to suppress the signal level of the receiving frequency band;

[0049] In this embodiment, the method for performing band-stop filtering on each second microwave signal includes: connecting a main waveguide cavity of a leaky-wall cavity structure with a rectangular coupling port having a uniformly changing aperture to a sub-waveguide cavity to achieve matching of characteristic impedance and load impedance of the filter, suppressing parasitic output of a reception band signal by causing a single high attenuation peak to appear in the stop band under the action of a rectangular coupling port with an inductive characteristic and a sub-waveguide cavity with a capacitive characteristic corresponding to both sides of the main waveguide cavity, and changing the actual working frequency band of the filter by arranging a tuning structure on the sub-waveguide cavity;

[0050] S5: performing bandpass filtering on each third microwave signal to obtain multiple fourth microwave signals to suppress the receiving band spectrum;

[0051] S6: performing power synthesis on each fourth microwave signal to obtain an ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing;

[0052] In this embodiment, the method of equal power distribution and power synthesis includes: realizing simultaneous transmission of two waveguide modes by setting an over-moded rectangular waveguide with a symmetrical step gradient structure to improve the power capacity of power distribution or synthesis processing, realizing different energy distribution by adjusting the width of each step of the step gradient structure, and increasing the waveguide power capacity by increasing the height of the over-moded rectangular waveguide;

[0053] S7: The ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing is highly directional coupled and transmitted to the antenna or load after coupling.

[0054] like Figure 2 Shown is a simulation diagram of the present invention, S 11is the return loss of the signal input port, S 21 It is the insertion loss of the signal input port. The invention has a second harmonic suppression degree greater than 90dB, a third harmonic suppression degree greater than 70dB, and a fourth harmonic suppression degree greater than 60dB, which greatly reduces the interference to the receiving channel; the spectrum suppression within the receiving band is more than 140dB, eliminating the noise interference within the receiving band; it can extract positive and negative signals in real time to ensure the safe operation of the equipment, and is very suitable for application in ultra-high power microwave transmitters.

[0055] The present invention can realize spectrum processing capability under ultra-high power conditions; by firstly performing high-order harmonic filtering on the original ultra-high power microwave signal to suppress harmonic output, effectively eliminating interference to external related frequency band communication equipment, and absorbing and suppressing reflected harmonic signals to prevent signal reflection from entering the ultra-high power microwave source, thereby reducing the impact on the working state of the ultra-high power microwave source; then the ultra-high power microwave signal after filtering is distributed in power to reduce the signal level and adapt to the power requirements of subsequent band-stop filters, etc., otherwise electric field breakdown is likely to occur; and then each first microwave signal is sequentially passed through a reflective module filter, a band-stop filter, and a band-pass filter to achieve reception. The spectrum suppression of the band is provided by the reflective module filter to provide a certain reflection attenuation suppression for multiple harmonics, and the harmonic attenuation suppression is further increased on the basis of the absorption harmonic filter; the signal level of the receiving band is suppressed by the band-stop filter; the band-pass filter is used to ensure the good transmission characteristics of the passband, and the suppression of the receiving band spectrum is strengthened by the sideband suppression, and together with the band-stop filter, the ultra-large suppression ability of the receiving band is achieved; a super-high-power microwave signal with excellent spectrum characteristics is synthesized through a four-way power synthesizer and sent to a high-directivity coupler. The coupler can effectively extract the forward and reverse microwave power signals and send them to the protection circuit for real-time monitoring. Finally, the super-high-power microwave signal after spectrum processing is sent to the antenna or load.

[0056] The present invention also provides an ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes: an ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter 1, an ultra-high power distributor 2, a reflective module filter 3, a band-stop filter 4, a band-pass filter 5, an ultra-high power synthesizer 6 and a coupler 7 which are assembled in sequence.

[0057] In this embodiment, Figure 5As shown, the ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter 1 includes a first upper cavity 10 and a first lower cavity 9, which are buckled to form a first main waveguide cavity, and the first waveguide flange 11 and the second waveguide flange 13 are arranged at both ends of the first main waveguide cavity, and the first waveguide flange 11 and the second waveguide flange 13 are provided with a first choke groove 8 on the end surface, and a first cover plate 12 is arranged above the first main waveguide cavity, and an absorption load is installed in the first upper cavity 10, and the absorption load suppresses harmonic reflection by absorbing harmonics, and the ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter 1 outputs a filtered ultra-high power microwave signal. The original ultra-high power microwave signal is output by the ultra-high power microwave source and is first sent to the absorption harmonic filter for harmonic filtering. Absorption harmonic filters have high power capacity and can withstand high-power microwave signals. They use the absorption loads in the internal layout of the filter to achieve multiple harmonic absorption attenuation suppression, which can not only suppress harmonic output and eliminate interference with external related frequency band communication equipment, but also absorb and suppress reflected harmonic signals to prevent signal reflection from entering the ultra-high power microwave source, thereby reducing the impact on the working state of the ultra-high power microwave source. Ultra-high power absorption harmonic filters can achieve X-band continuous wave 100kW level multiple harmonic filtering functions through absorption processing, and the suppression of the second, third and fourth harmonics reaches 70dB, 50dB and 35dB respectively. On the basis of achieving the harmonic output suppression function, the impact of harmonic reflection on the ultra-high power microwave source is minimized.

[0058] In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the ultra-high power distributor 2 includes a second upper cavity 32, a second lower cavity 33, a first rectangular load port 34, a second rectangular load port 35 and a third rectangular load port 36. The second upper cavity 32 and the second lower cavity 33 are buckled together to form a second main waveguide cavity. One end of the second main waveguide cavity is provided with a third waveguide flange 27, a fourth waveguide flange 28, a fifth waveguide flange 29 and a sixth waveguide flange 30 in a plane. The other end of the second main waveguide cavity is provided with a seventh waveguide flange 31. The seventh waveguide flange 31 is a signal input port. The first rectangular load port 34, the second rectangular load port 35 and the third rectangular load port 36 are used for external ultra-high power loads. The end faces of the third waveguide flange 27, the fourth waveguide flange 28, the fifth waveguide flange 29 and the sixth waveguide flange 30 are all provided with a second choke groove 53 and a first sealing groove 54. The second main waveguide cavity is an over-modulated rectangular waveguide structure. The ultra-high power distributor 2 outputs a first microwave signal. As shown Fig.10As shown, the ultra-high power synthesizer 6 includes a fifth upper cavity 55, a fifth lower cavity 56 and a fourth rectangular load port 57, a fifth rectangular load port 58 and a sixth rectangular load port 59. The fifth upper cavity 55 and the fifth lower cavity 56 are buckled to form a sixth main waveguide cavity. One end of the sixth main waveguide cavity is provided with four fourteenth waveguide flanges 60, a fifteenth waveguide flange 61, a sixteenth waveguide flange 62 and a seventeenth waveguide flange 63 in the same plane. The other end of the sixth main waveguide cavity is provided with an eighteenth waveguide flange 64, and the eighteenth waveguide flange 64 is a signal output port. The fourth rectangular load port 57, the fifth rectangular load port 58 and the sixth rectangular load port 59 are used for external load. The sixth main waveguide cavity is an over-moded rectangular waveguide structure. The ultra-high power synthesizer 6 outputs an ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing. In order to achieve spectrum suppression in the receiving band, a cascade of high-suppression band-stop filters is required, but the power tolerance of the band-stop filter is relatively low, and the power signal level needs to be reduced to a certain level before it can be connected, otherwise electric field breakdown is likely to occur. After passing through the absorption harmonic filter, the ultra-high power microwave signal reaches the ultra-high power distributor, which divides the ultra-high power signal into four paths and reduces the power level of each path to meet the power requirements of the band-stop filter. The ultra-high power distributor and ultra-high power synthesizer can realize multi-path power distribution and synthesis with equal amplitude and phase, with a loss within 0.2dB, and have a high synthesis efficiency. The ultra-high power microwave signal after multi-stage filtering can be synthesized, and the synthesis power can reach more than 100kW of continuous wave.

[0059] In this embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the reflective module filter 3 includes a third upper cavity 23 and a third lower cavity 24, the third upper cavity 23 and the third lower cavity 24 are completely symmetrical, the third upper cavity 23 and the third lower cavity 24 are buckled together to form a third main waveguide cavity, the third main waveguide cavity is provided with an eighth waveguide flange 21 and a ninth waveguide flange 22 at both ends, the third upper cavity is provided with an array module structure 26, the third lower cavity is provided with an impedance transformation structure 25, the impedance transformation structure 25 is used to improve the filter standing wave characteristics, the array module structure 26 is used to achieve multiple harmonic reflection suppression, and the reflective module filter 3 outputs a second microwave signal. Figure 8 As shown, the band-stop filter 4 includes a fourth upper cavity 16, a fourth lower cavity 17 and a plurality of auxiliary waveguides 18. The fourth upper cavity 16 and the fourth lower cavity 17 are buckled together to form a fourth main waveguide cavity. The fourth main waveguide cavity is provided with a tenth waveguide flange 15 and an eleventh waveguide flange 19 at both ends. The end surfaces of the tenth waveguide flange 15 and the eleventh waveguide flange 19 are provided with a third choke groove 20 and a second sealing groove 14. A plurality of coupling holes are provided above the fourth upper cavity 16 and below the fourth lower cavity 17. The auxiliary waveguide 18 is provided perpendicular to the fourth main waveguide cavity. The band-stop filter 4 outputs a third microwave signal. Fig. 9As shown, the bandpass filter 5 includes a fifth main waveguide cavity 39, a second cover plate 40 is sealed and connected above the fifth main waveguide cavity, a twelfth waveguide flange 37 and a thirteenth waveguide flange 38 are arranged at both ends of the fifth main waveguide cavity, a fourth choke groove 41 and a third sealing groove 42 are opened on the end faces of the twelfth waveguide flange 37 and the thirteenth waveguide flange 38, a comb-shaped diaphragm structure 43 is arranged inside the fifth waveguide cavity 39, and the comb-shaped diaphragm structure 43 is used to realize the discontinuous transition of the rectangular waveguide to realize the bandpass characteristic, and the bandpass filter 5 outputs a fourth microwave signal. Since the power levels of the reflective module filter and the bandpass filter are also relatively low, all of them are connected in series with the bandstop filter on each branch. According to the power bearing capacity, the connection order of the branch filters is reflective module filter, bandstop filter, and bandpass filter. The reflective module filter can provide a certain reflection attenuation suppression for multiple harmonics, and further increase the suppression of harmonic attenuation on the basis of the absorption harmonic filter. In addition to ensuring good transmission characteristics of the passband, the bandpass filter strengthens the suppression of the receiving band spectrum through sideband suppression, and together with the bandstop filter, achieves super-large suppression capability of the receiving band. The reflective harmonic filter can realize an X-band 25kW continuous wave ultra-high power reflective harmonic filter, solving the problem of multiple harmonic reflection suppression under ultra-high power conditions. The filter has a well-matched wide passband and a high-attenuation wide stopband, and can suppress many high-order modes. The filter can realize the X-band continuous wave 30kW level second, third and fourth harmonic reflection filtering function through reflection suppression. The bandstop filter can realize an X-band 25kW continuous wave ultra-high power receiving harmonic filter. The filter has a passband loss of 0.1dB and a receiving band attenuation of more than 110dB, which greatly reduces the interference of the transmitter to the receiving signal spectrum and solves the problem of interference within the receiving band under ultra-high power conditions.

[0060] In this embodiment, Fig.11 As shown, the coupler 7 includes a seventh main waveguide cavity 47, an upper cover plate 46 is arranged above the seventh main waveguide cavity 47, a lower cover plate 48 corresponding to the upper cover plate 46 is arranged below the seventh main waveguide cavity 47, a nineteenth waveguide flange 44 and a twentieth waveguide flange 45 are arranged at both ends of the seventh main waveguide cavity 47, a fifth choke groove 49 and a fourth sealing groove 50 are opened on the end faces of the nineteenth waveguide flange 44 and the twentieth waveguide flange 45, a forward signal extraction port 51 and a reverse signal extraction port 52 are arranged on the upper cover plate 46, a cross-shaped coupling groove is arranged between the upper cover plate 46 and the seventh main waveguide cavity 47, and the cross-shaped coupling groove is used to extract high-directivity signals to provide forward monitoring and reflection protection, and the coupler is used to couple the ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing to the antenna or the load.

[0061] In this embodiment, due to the different requirements of different structural processes on processing materials, the complexity of mechanical processing and the electrical properties of the filter itself, copper is used as the main structural processing material of the ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device in consideration of material stress and thermal expansion characteristics. Considering the material strength and the small loss and thermal conductivity of various devices, the surface is gold-plated. Taking into account the complexity of the structure of each part and the difficulty of processing, it can be divided into multiple parts for processing during processing. Through simulation, it is found that the slight deformation caused by temperature changes has a great influence on the power capacity. In order to ensure the power capacity, the structural parts cannot be fastened and installed with screws, and vacuum brazing is required. Due to the high power capacity, the processing accuracy requirements are also high. The processing accuracy requirements of each component are controlled within ±0.02mm to ensure that the internal cavity of the filter is free of pollution during the installation process.

[0062] The present invention can realize spectrum processing capability under ultra-high power conditions, is designed according to the power characteristics of each ultra-high power microwave device, has high power capacity, and the average power capacity can reach more than 100kW; the ports all adopt standard BJ70 waveguide interface, which is easy to install; the performance index is good, and the second, third, and fourth harmonics can be suppressed at the same time, the second harmonic suppression degree is greater than 90dB, the third harmonic suppression degree is greater than 70dB, and the fourth harmonic suppression degree is greater than 60dB, which greatly reduces the interference to the receiving channel; the spectrum suppression in the receiving band is more than 140dB, and the noise interference in the receiving band is eliminated; the positive and negative signals can be extracted in real time to ensure the safe operation of the equipment, and it is very suitable for application in ultra-high power microwave transmitters. At the same time, the present invention can meet the needs of ultra-high power uplinks for my country's deep space exploration, solve the technical problems of spectrum interference in the receiving band and suppression of multiple harmonic broadband spectrum under ultra-high power, break through key technologies such as ultra-high power electric field breakdown, phase consistency of multi-path and multi-stage filtering, and ultra-high power efficient transmission, and develop a variety of ultra-high power microwave filters and power distribution synthesizers, effectively improving the spectrum processing capabilities of my country's ultra-high power transmitters for deep space exploration, and achieving major technological innovations in ultra-high power microwave devices, with significant military, economic and social benefits.

[0063] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for processing ultra-high power microwave spectrum, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: receiving the original ultra-high power microwave signal, performing high-order harmonic filtering on the original ultra-high power microwave signal and absorbing harmonic reflection to obtain a filtered ultra-high power microwave signal; S2: performing equal power distribution on the filtered ultra-high power microwave signal to obtain multiple first microwave signals with equal amplitudes and phases, so as to reduce the harmonic output level; S3: performing reflection module filtering on each first microwave signal to obtain multiple second microwave signals to suppress reflection attenuation of multiple harmonics; S4: performing band-stop filtering on each second microwave signal to obtain multiple third microwave signals to suppress the signal level of the receiving frequency band; S5: performing bandpass filtering on each third microwave signal to obtain multiple fourth microwave signals to suppress the receiving band spectrum; S6: performing power synthesis on each fourth microwave signal to obtain an ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing; S7: The ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing is highly directional coupled and transmitted to an antenna or a load after coupling. The method of equal power distribution and power synthesis includes: realizing simultaneous transmission of two waveguide modes by setting an over-modulated rectangular waveguide with a symmetrical step gradient structure to improve the power capacity of power distribution or synthesis processing, realizing different energy distribution by adjusting the width of each step of the symmetrical step gradient structure, and increasing the waveguide power capacity by increasing the height of the over-modulated rectangular waveguide.

2. The ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for filtering high-order harmonics of an original ultra-high-power microwave signal and absorbing harmonic reflections comprises: implementing second, third and fourth harmonic filtering by an absorption-type harmonic filter, wherein the absorption-type harmonic filter increases the waveguide transmission power capacity by arranging multiple groups of auxiliary waveguide cavities perpendicular to the direction of the main waveguide cavity; realizing impedance matching between the main waveguide cavity and the auxiliary waveguide cavity by providing a coupling hole with a gradually varying aperture size at the connection between the auxiliary waveguide cavity and the main waveguide cavity; and realizing absorption of reflected signals of multiple harmonics by arranging an absorption load inside the auxiliary waveguide cavity.

3. The ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for performing reflective module filtering on each first microwave signal includes: improving the standing wave characteristic of the filter by arranging an impedance transformation structure, and realizing multiple harmonic reflection suppression by arranging a multi-stage series columnar array in a waveguide cavity.

4. The ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for performing band-stop filtering on each second microwave signal comprises: matching the characteristic impedance and load impedance of the filter by connecting a main waveguide cavity of a leaky-wall cavity structure with a rectangular coupling port having a uniformly changing aperture and a sub-waveguide cavity; suppressing the parasitic output of the reception band signal by causing a single high attenuation peak to appear in the stop band under the action of the rectangular coupling port with inductive characteristics and the sub-waveguide cavity with capacitive characteristics corresponding to the two sides of the main waveguide cavity; and changing the actual working frequency band of the filter by arranging a tuning structure on the sub-waveguide cavity.

5. An ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device, used to implement the ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: An ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter (1), an ultra-high power distributor (2), a reflective module filter (3), a band-stop filter (4), a band-pass filter (5), an ultra-high power synthesizer (6) and a coupler (7) are assembled in sequence.

6. The ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter (1) comprises a first upper cavity (10) and a first lower cavity (9), the first upper cavity (10) and the first lower cavity (9) being buckled together to form a first main waveguide cavity, a first waveguide flange (11) and a second waveguide flange (13) being provided at both ends of the first main waveguide cavity, a first choke groove (8) being provided on the end surfaces of the first waveguide flange (11) and the second waveguide flange (13), a first cover plate (12) being provided above the first main waveguide cavity, an absorption load being installed in the first upper cavity (10), the absorption load suppressing harmonic reflection by absorbing harmonics, and the ultra-high power absorption harmonic filter (1) outputting a filtered ultra-high power microwave signal.

7. The ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ultra-high power distributor (2) comprises a second upper cavity (32), a second lower cavity (33) and first, second and third rectangular load ports; the second upper cavity (32) and the second lower cavity (33) are buckled together to form a second main waveguide cavity; one end of the second main waveguide cavity is provided with a third, fourth, fifth and sixth waveguide flanges in a plane; the other end of the second main waveguide cavity is provided with a seventh waveguide flange (31); the seventh waveguide flange (31) is a signal input port; the first, second and third rectangular load ports are used for externally connecting an ultra-high power load; the end surfaces of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth waveguide flanges are provided with a second choke slot (53) and a first sealing slot (54); the second main waveguide cavity is an over-modulated rectangular waveguide structure; the ultra-high power distributor (2) comprises a second upper cavity (32) and a second lower cavity (33); the second upper cavity (32) and the second lower cavity (33) are buckled together to form a second main waveguide cavity; one end of the second main waveguide cavity is provided with a third, fourth, fifth and sixth waveguide flanges in a plane; the other end of the second main waveguide cavity is provided with a seventh waveguide flange (31); the seventh waveguide flange (31) is a signal input port; the first, second and third rectangular load ports are used for externally connecting an ultra-high power load; the end surfaces of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth waveguide flanges are provided with a second choke slot (53) and a first sealing slot (54); the second main waveguide cavity is an over-modulated rectangular waveguide structure; the ultra-high power distributor (2) comprises a second upper cavity (32) and a second lower cavity (3 ... The power distributor (2) outputs a first microwave signal; the ultra-high power synthesizer (6) comprises a fifth upper cavity (55), a fifth lower cavity (56) and a fourth, fifth and sixth rectangular load ports; the fifth upper cavity (55) and the fifth lower cavity (56) are buckled together to form a sixth main waveguide cavity; one end of the sixth main waveguide cavity is provided with four fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth waveguide flanges in the same plane; the other end of the sixth main waveguide cavity is provided with an eighteenth waveguide flange (64); the eighteenth waveguide flange (64) is a signal output port; the fourth, fifth and sixth rectangular load ports are used for externally connecting a load; the sixth main waveguide cavity is an over-modulated rectangular waveguide structure; and the ultra-high power synthesizer (6) outputs an ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing.

8. The ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reflective module filter (3) comprises a third upper cavity (23) and a third lower cavity (24), the third upper cavity (23) and the third lower cavity (24) are completely symmetrical, the third upper cavity (23) and the third lower cavity (24) are buckled together to form a third main waveguide cavity, an eighth waveguide flange (21) and a ninth waveguide flange (22) are arranged at two ends of the third main waveguide cavity, an array module structure (26) is arranged on the third upper cavity, an impedance transformation structure (25) is arranged on the third lower cavity, the impedance transformation structure (25) is used to improve the standing wave characteristics of the filter, the array module structure (26) is used to achieve multiple harmonic reflection suppression, and the reflective module filter (3) outputs a second microwave signal; The band-stop filter (4) comprises a fourth upper cavity (16), a fourth lower cavity (17) and a plurality of auxiliary waveguides (18); the fourth upper cavity (16) and the fourth lower cavity (17) are buckled together to form a fourth main waveguide cavity; a tenth waveguide flange (15) and an eleventh waveguide flange (19) are provided at both ends of the fourth main waveguide cavity; a third choke groove (20) and a second sealing groove (14) are provided on the end surfaces of the tenth waveguide flange (15) and the eleventh waveguide flange (19); a plurality of coupling holes are provided above the fourth upper cavity (16) and below the fourth lower cavity (17); the auxiliary waveguide (18) is provided perpendicular to the fourth main waveguide cavity; and the band-stop filter (4) outputs a third microwave signal; The bandpass filter (5) comprises a fifth main waveguide cavity (39), a second cover plate (40) being sealed and connected above the fifth main waveguide cavity, a twelfth waveguide flange (37) and a thirteenth waveguide flange (38) being arranged at both ends of the fifth main waveguide cavity, a fourth choke groove (41) and a third sealing groove (42) being provided on the end surfaces of the twelfth waveguide flange (37) and the thirteenth waveguide flange (38), a comb-shaped diaphragm structure (43) being arranged inside the fifth main waveguide cavity (39), the comb-shaped diaphragm structure (43) being used to realize a discontinuous transition of a rectangular waveguide to realize a bandpass characteristic, and the bandpass filter (5) outputs a fourth microwave signal.

9. The ultra-high power microwave spectrum processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The coupler (7) comprises a seventh main waveguide cavity (47), an upper cover plate (46) is arranged above the seventh main waveguide cavity (47), a lower cover plate (48) corresponding to the upper cover plate (46) is arranged below the seventh main waveguide cavity (47), a nineteenth waveguide flange (44) and a twentieth waveguide flange (45) are arranged at both ends of the seventh main waveguide cavity (47), a fifth choke groove (49) and a fourth sealing groove (50) are provided on the end surfaces of the nineteenth waveguide flange (44) and the twentieth waveguide flange (45), a forward signal extraction port (51) and a reverse signal extraction port (52) are arranged on the upper cover plate (46), a cross-shaped coupling groove is arranged between the upper cover plate (46) and the seventh main waveguide cavity (47), the cross-shaped coupling groove is used to extract a high-directivity signal to provide forward monitoring and reflection protection, and the coupler (7) is used to couple the ultra-high power microwave signal after spectrum processing to an antenna or a load.

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