Metal casting apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a metal casting device, which comprises a distribution tank, a temperature sensor, a casting mold, a drawing device, a transmission assembly and a controller. The distribution tank has a nozzle, and the temperature sensor is arranged on the distribution tank to sense the casting temperature at the casting start time. The casting mold has a cavity, an injection port and a drawing port, and one end of the nozzle is located at the injection port. The drawing device has a drawing device and a transmission assembly. The drawing device has a first end and a second end, and the first end is located at the drawing port. The transmission assembly is connected to the second end of the drawing device, and the transmission assembly is driven to draw the drawing device. The controller obtains the drawing time according to the index threshold, the casting temperature, the casting start time and the melt solidification temperature, and drives the transmission assembly at the drawing time.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to a Taiwan patent application filed on July 6, 2022, with application number 111125433 and entitled "Metal Casting Equipment", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to a metal casting device, and more particularly to a metal casting device in which the drawing time is controlled by a controller. Background Technology

[0003] In the metal smelting process, stainless steel and ordinary carbon steel exhibit significant differences in solidification behavior and high-temperature characteristics. Continuous casting is a critical process in modern steel production. In continuous casting, molten steel is poured from a separating channel into a mold equipped with a cooling system. After initial cooling until the outer shell solidifies, it is guided by a controller to a secondary cooling zone for complete solidification. Afterward, it is cut and sent to subsequent processes. A stable continuous casting process is the core of production, and the most significant factor affecting its stability is leaking steel (or casting leakage). Leaking steel refers to the leakage of unsolidified molten steel from the casting billet onto the production line. Besides requiring immediate shutdown of the production line, the high temperature of the molten steel can also cause serious safety accidents for on-site personnel. There are many causes of steel leakage. For example, slag or foreign matter in the molten steel or mold can cause uneven thickness of the outer shell of the billet, resulting in steel leakage, known as slag-inclusion leakage. When molten steel solidifies in the mold, it adheres to the inner wall of the mold and breaks during drawing, resulting in steel leakage, known as adhesive leakage. Severe straight cracks on the outer shell of the billet during initial cooling in the mold can lead to steel leakage, known as straight-crack leakage (or cracked thick steel). When the billet fails to completely cool to solidification in the secondary cooling zone before being cut, resulting in the leakage of molten steel with unsolidified center, this is known as cutting leakage. In the past, when straight-crack leakage or cutting leakage occurred, it was mostly addressed by reducing the casting speed and / or increasing mold cooling. However, such practices affect production efficiency, and even if steel leakage is not caused, severe straight cracks may still exist. Straight cracks that cannot be treated by subsequent processing are serious surface defects and must be discarded, reducing the yield and affecting production capacity.

[0004] Various studies have been conducted on the factors that cause straight cracks. Controlling the composition of molten steel, adjusting the properties of protective slag, improving the gate structure, and optimizing liquid level control technology can all have a certain effect. However, the complex factors such as different steel grades, billet shapes, continuous casting equipment, and process parameters have prevented the aforementioned technical methods from having wide applicability.

[0005] During the continuous casting process, the temperature of molten steel at the start-up stage (i.e., the start-up temperature) varies in each batch of samples. This is mainly addressed by adjusting the drawing time to accommodate different start-up temperatures. In the past, it was generally believed that when the start-up temperature was high, a longer drawing time was required for the outer shell to solidify, thereby avoiding severe straight cracks or breakouts. However, in some samples, it was found that even with a longer drawing time, severe straight cracks still occurred.

[0006] In the initial casting stage of continuous casting, defects such as cracks, pits, and slag inclusions frequently occur in the billet, which greatly affect the surface quality and yield of the billet. Among these, direct cracking during casting is the most serious, leading to breakout accidents. Breakout occurs when, during the casting process, the billet cools too quickly within the mold, resulting in a large volume shrinkage rate during phase transformation and uneven shell thickness. This causes stress concentration in the thinner shell areas, leading to cracks and leakage of molten steel from the cracks. This not only necessitates stopping the continuous casting process, but the leaked molten steel, still at a high temperature, poses a serious safety hazard to personnel on site. Therefore, breakout significantly impacts continuous casting processes in terms of time, electricity, manpower, and output. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, this application provides a metal casting apparatus, comprising a steel distribution tank, a temperature sensor, a casting mold, a liquid level sensor, a drawing device, a transmission assembly, and a controller. The steel distribution tank has a casting nozzle. The temperature sensor is disposed in the steel distribution tank to sense the casting start temperature at the casting start time. The casting mold has a chamber, an inlet, and a drawing port, with one end of the casting nozzle located at the inlet. The drawing device has a drawing tool and a transmission assembly. The drawing tool has a first end and a second end, the first end being located at the drawing port. The transmission assembly is connected to the second end of the drawing tool, and when driven, it draws the drawing tool. The controller obtains the drawing time based on a threshold value, the casting start temperature, the casting start time, and the molten metal solidification temperature, and drives the transmission assembly during the drawing time.

[0008] In some embodiments, the controller obtains the drawing time according to the following formula: Drawing time = index threshold / (casting start temperature - melt solidification temperature) + casting start time.

[0009] In some embodiments, the metal casting equipment further includes a level sensor for sensing the molten liquid level in the chamber, the molten liquid level including a first level and a second level, the level sensor sensing that the molten liquid level has reached the first level at the start of casting time, and the level sensor sensing that the molten liquid level has reached the second level at the draw-out time.

[0010] In some embodiments, the metal casting equipment further includes a flow rate control component, wherein the preset time interval is the drawing time minus the casting start time, and when the estimated filling time does not fall within the preset time interval, the controller controls the flow rate control component to adjust and make the estimated filling time fall within the preset time interval.

[0011] In summary, in some embodiments, at the start of the casting operation, the metal casting equipment obtains the drawing time based on the index threshold, casting temperature, casting time and molten solidification temperature through the controller, and can perform the drawing operation according to the drawing time, so that the initial cast billet shell formed in the casting mold can reach a consistent and appropriate thickness, so as to avoid the occurrence of straight cracks and steel leakage, thereby improving the efficiency of the casting operation and the yield of the cast billet.

[0012] Various embodiments are described in detail below; however, these embodiments are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope of protection intended for this invention. Furthermore, some elements are omitted from the accompanying drawings in the embodiments to clearly illustrate the technical features of the invention. The same reference numerals will be used to denote the same or similar elements in all the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a metal casting device in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a metal casting device in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the casting mold connecting the casting nozzle and the extractor in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of area A shows the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle as the first distance.

[0017] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of region A shows that the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle is the second distance.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0019] 1: Metal casting equipment;

[0020] 11: Steel channel;

[0021] 111: Casting nozzle;

[0022] 12: Temperature sensor;

[0023] 13: Casting mold;

[0024] 131: Chamber;

[0025] 132: Injection port;

[0026] 133: Pull-out port;

[0027] 14: Pulling device;

[0028] 141: Puller;

[0029] 142: First end;

[0030] 143: Second end;

[0031] 15: Transmission components;

[0032] 16: Controller;

[0033] 161: Flow rate control component;

[0034] 162: Blocking lever;

[0035] 17: Steel drum;

[0036] 18: Liquid level sensor;

[0037] 181: Transmission unit;

[0038] 182: Receiving unit;

[0039] 19: Cooling device;

[0040] L1: First distance;

[0041] L2: Second distance;

[0042] m: molten metal;

[0043] P1: First liquid level;

[0044] P2: Second liquid level. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Please refer to both together. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a metal casting device in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a metal casting device in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the casting mold and the casting nozzle and the extractor in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the metal casting equipment 1 includes a tundish 11, a temperature sensor 12, a casting mold 13, a drawing device 14, and a controller 16. The tundish 11 has a casting nozzle 111. The temperature sensor 12 is disposed in the tundish 11 and is used to sense the casting temperature at the start-up time. The casting mold 13 has a chamber 131, an inlet 132, and a drawing port 133, wherein the chamber 131 is connected to both the inlet 132 and the drawing port 133, and the other end of the casting nozzle 111 is located at the inlet 132. The drawing device 14 has a drawing tool 141 and a transmission assembly 15. The drawing tool 141 has a first end 142 and a second end 143, with the first end 142 located at the drawing port 133. The transmission assembly 15 is connected to the second end 143 of the drawing tool 141, and when the transmission assembly 15 is driven, it draws the drawing tool 141. The controller 16 obtains the drawing time based on the index threshold, casting start temperature, casting start time and molten solidification temperature, and drives the transmission component 15 during the drawing time.

[0046] The steel distribution tank 11 can be used to receive and store molten metal m, and the molten metal m can be output from the casting nozzle 111. In some embodiments, the metal casting equipment 1 further includes a continuous casting station and a refining station. The refining station can melt the metal raw materials into molten metal m (or molten steel), and the continuous casting station can perform start-up and continuous casting operations on the molten metal m to produce cast billets (e.g., stainless steel billets). The continuous casting station includes a steel distribution tank 11 and a steel ladle 17, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the steel ladle 17 is connected to the steel distribution tank 11. The steel ladle 17 can receive the refined molten metal m and output the molten metal m to the steel distribution tank 11. In some embodiments, before the casting operation begins, the casting nozzle 111 is in a closed state. At this time, the molten metal m in the steel distribution tank 11 cannot be output through the casting nozzle 111. When the casting operation begins, the casting nozzle 111 is in an open state. At this time, the molten metal m in the steel distribution tank 11 can be output through the casting nozzle 111. When the casting operation begins, the casting nozzle 111 is located at the injection port 132 of the casting mold 13, so that the casting nozzle 111 is connected to the chamber 131, allowing the molten metal m to be directly injected into the chamber 131, thereby preventing oxidation of the molten metal m when it is injected into the casting mold 13.

[0047] Temperature sensor 12 is installed inside the steel distribution tank 11. Temperature sensor 12 can be a thermocouple or an infrared thermometer. The aforementioned "temperature sensor 12 is used to sense the casting start temperature at the casting start time" means that at the start of the casting start time, temperature sensor 12 senses the temperature of the molten metal m in the steel distribution tank 11. The temperature of the molten metal m sensed by temperature sensor 12 at this time is the casting start temperature. Temperature sensor 12 can generate and transmit the casting start temperature signal to controller 16 based on the casting start temperature, so that controller 16 can obtain the casting start temperature based on the casting start temperature signal.

[0048] When the casting operation begins, the casting mold 13 can heat the molten metal m in the chamber 131. Under the heat-drawing action, the molten metal m will first form a casting shell on the outer layer, and then gradually solidify into the casting shell.

[0049] Before the casting operation begins, the first end 142 of the drawing tool 141 can be positioned at the drawing port 133 of the casting mold 13, so that the first end 142 is located in the chamber 131. In some embodiments, the first end 142 can be provided with a chilling material, so that when the molten metal m is injected into the chamber 131 and comes into contact with the first end 142 of the drawing tool 141, the portion of the molten metal m in contact with the first end 142 can be rapidly cooled by the chilling material, thus forming a pre-solidified casting shell. This allows this portion of the casting shell to adhere to the first end 142 of the drawing tool 141. During the drawing operation, the drawing tool 141 can smoothly draw the casting shell from inside the chamber 131 through the drawing port 133 to the outside. In some embodiments, if there is a gap between the first end 142 and the drawing port 133 when the first end 142 is located at the drawing port 133, heat-resistant material can be further filled into the gap to prevent the molten metal m from flowing out of the gap.

[0050] The transmission assembly 15 can be a straightening machine, and the transmission assembly 15 can be connected to the second end 143 of the drawer 141 via a drawing chain (not shown in the figure). The controller 16 can drive the transmission assembly 15 to pull the drawing chain to pull the cast billet shell attached to the first end 142 of the drawer 141 from the casting mold 13. This process is the drawing operation, and the transmission assembly 15 can draw the cast billet shell to the subsequent continuous casting operation (e.g., secondary cooling and straightening operation).

[0051] The controller 16 can be a computer or a programmable logic controller (PLC). In some embodiments, the controller 16 obtains the drawing time according to the following formula (1): Drawing time = index threshold / (casting temperature - molten metal solidification temperature) + casting time. Wherein, the casting time can refer to the time when molten metal m is injected into the casting mold 13 and fills to the first liquid level (explained later), or it can refer to the time when molten metal m starts to be output from the casting nozzle 111. The drawing time can refer to the time when molten metal m is injected into the casting mold 13 and fills to the second liquid level (explained later), or it can refer to the time when molten metal m is filled to a preset amount in the casting mold 13. The index threshold can be pre-written into the controller 16, and the controller 16 can control the drawing time according to the index threshold so that the casting shell can be prevented from cracking during the initial solidification when casting begins, thereby improving the yield of the casting. The solidification temperature of the molten metal can refer to the solidification temperature of the molten metal m selected as the casting billet. It should be noted that the controller 16 stores at least one parameter for the solidification temperature of the molten metal. The solidification temperatures of different molten metals m are different. Depending on the raw material selected for the casting billet, the controller 16 can select the corresponding molten metal solidification temperature parameter. In some embodiments, taking Matian molten iron as an example, the casting start temperature is between 1480 degrees Celsius and 1550 degrees Celsius, and the index threshold can be between 300 and 1040 degrees Celsius.

[0052] In some embodiments, the index threshold can be obtained by combining computer-aided design (CAD) software and computer-aided engineering (CAE) software with the solidification behavior analysis of molten metal m, so that the index threshold can prevent casting cracks. Since the cooling rate of molten metal m in the casting mold 13 affects the thickness of the cast billet shell (i.e., solidified shell), relevant process parameters of the casting operation are collected using CAD and CAE software, and the influence of each process parameter on the solidified shell inside the casting mold 13 is analyzed. The index threshold analysis steps include:

[0053] Obtain casting start parameters: obtain the engineering drawings of the casting mold, the engineering drawings of the drawing machine, the material of the casting mold, the material of the drawing machine, the material of the chiller, the physical properties of the materials, the casting start temperature, weight, relative position, the liquid level of the casting mold, the mass flow rate, the casting start time, the drawing time, the mold water flow rate, the mold water temperature, the cooling system, the external convection mode, the ambient temperature, the thermal radiation or interface heat transfer of the drawing machine, and other casting start parameters.

[0054] Creating a 3D object model: Computer-aided design software creates a 3D object model based on the casting parameters.

[0055] Define the model parameters of a 3D object model: Computer-aided engineering software defines the model parameters of a 3D object model, such as geometric definitions, 2D / 3D mesh creation, gravity field direction, material physical properties, volume definitions, material definitions, interface heat transfer definitions, boundary process definitions, or solution parameter settings.

[0056] Verification of the 3D object model: The computer-aided engineering software inputs at least one set of direct cracking process data and at least one set of non-direct cracking process data into the 3D object model. The solidification behavior inside the casting mold 13 is analyzed and compared through the 3D object model, and the differences between the direct cracking process data and the non-direct cracking process data are compared.

[0057] Obtaining the threshold values: Based on the differences between data from the direct cracking process and data from the non-direct cracking process, computer-aided engineering software determined that the positively correlated influencing factors for direct cracking at the start of casting include superheat and filling time. Superheat can be defined as the difference between the first temperature measurement in the steel trough 11 and the solidification temperature of the molten metal, while filling time can be defined as the difference between the extraction time and the start-up casting time. The product of superheat and filling time was used as the performance indicator, and verified using data from the direct cracking process and data from the non-direct cracking process. The threshold values ​​were then set based on the performance indicator and the difference in shell thickness (explained later). For example, if the analysis shows that the risk of direct cracking is relatively low when the index threshold is between 300 and 1040, the index threshold can be preset to 1040℃·s. When the molten solidification temperature is 1501℃, the casting start temperature is 1537℃, the casting start time is 04:07:57, and the drawing time is 04:07:23, the superheat is 36℃ and the filling time is 30s. The estimated execution index is 1080℃·s. Since the estimated execution index exceeds the preset index threshold, it means that this casting operation has the risk of direct cracking.

[0058] In some embodiments, the aforementioned "setting an index threshold based on the execution index and the difference in solidified shell thickness" can refer to the execution index being the value of the difference in solidified shell thickness being less than or equal to a judgment threshold. The difference in solidified shell thickness can be a percentage value. When computer-aided engineering software analyzes the influencing factors of direct cracking during casting, based on the comparison between direct cracking process data and data from processes without direct cracking, it can be determined that the difference in solidified shell thickness in the direct cracking process data is significantly greater than that in the data from processes without direct cracking, indicating that a faster cooling rate easily leads to uneven solidified shell formation. Please refer to Table 1 below. Each casting parameter shown in Table 1 (CAE Simulation 1 to CAE Simulation 8) includes the execution index and the difference in solidified shell thickness. When the difference in solidified shell thickness is less than or equal to 30% (e.g., CAE Simulation 1 to CAE Simulation 4), the direct cracking situation is "slight direct cracking or no direct cracking." In the actual process, slight direct cracking does not affect the casting operation, and the risk of direct cracking and steel leakage is low. Conversely, when the difference in shell thickness exceeds 30% (e.g., CAE simulation 5 to CAE simulation 8), the straight crack condition is "severe straight crack." In actual processes, severe straight cracks may affect the start-up casting operation and have a higher risk of straight crack leakage. Therefore, even if the performance index of any steel grade exceeds the preset index threshold of 1040°C·s, if the difference in shell thickness corresponding to the performance index is less than or equal to the judgment threshold, the performance index at this time can still be used as the index threshold. In some embodiments, the judgment threshold can be 30%, that is, when the difference in shell thickness is less than or equal to 30%, any performance index that meets this condition can be set as the index threshold. Accordingly, when the continuous casting process processes different steel grades, considering the material characteristics of different steel grades, the index threshold can be corrected according to the steel grade characteristics (the difference in shell thickness) to reflect the index threshold that actually produces straight cracks for different steel grades, so as to achieve precise control. In some embodiments, the controller 16 obtains the index threshold based on the performance index, the difference in shell thickness, and the judgment threshold. This can refer to the controller 16 being pre-written with a judgment threshold before the start of the casting operation. When the controller 16 receives multiple execution indicators and the corresponding solidified shell thickness difference value, the controller 16 can select the execution indicator when the solidified shell thickness difference value is less than or equal to the judgment threshold (e.g., 30%) as the indicator threshold.

[0059]

[0060] Table 1

[0061] In some embodiments, past casting sample data (such as Table 2) can be imported into a three-dimensional object model for simulation. Combined with the actual straight crack situation of the sample, the index threshold or judgment threshold can be further corrected, which can better meet the needs of actual casting.

[0062]

[0063] Table 2

[0064] The aforementioned "further correction of the index threshold or judgment threshold based on the actual straight crack situation of the sample" specifically refers to the following: As shown in Table 2, after inputting the data of sample A1 (including superheat and filling time) into the three-dimensional object model, the three-dimensional object model can obtain a solidified shell thickness difference value of 38.90%. Sample A1 exhibits severe straight cracking under these production conditions (superheat and filling time). According to the display results of the three-dimensional object model, the solidified shell thickness difference value of sample A1 of 38.90% exceeds the judgment threshold (e.g., 30%), thus verifying that prolonged filling time at the casting start temperature will cause uneven solidification. In some embodiments, the data of the actual sample can be input into the three-dimensional object model. After the three-dimensional object model obtains the solidified shell thickness difference value, the judgment threshold can be corrected based on the actual straight crack situation and the solidified shell thickness difference value. This allows the metal casting equipment 1 to pre-input the sample data into the three-dimensional object model when casting different types of metals, and the controller 16 to reset the index threshold or judgment threshold to conform to the straight crack situation of different types of metals.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the metal casting equipment 1 further includes a liquid level sensor 18 for sensing the molten metal level in the chamber 131. The molten metal level includes a first liquid level P1 and a second liquid level P2. The first liquid level P1 can refer to the position where the first end 142 of the puller 141 is located in the casting mold 13. The second liquid level P2 can refer to the position where the molten metal m in the casting mold 13 is filled to the required capacity for the casting operation. When the casting starts, the liquid level sensor 18 senses that the molten metal m in the chamber 131 has reached the first liquid level P1. This means that when the liquid level sensor 18 senses the first liquid level P1, it generates a first liquid level signal and transmits it to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 uses the current time of receiving the first liquid level signal as the casting start time. The level sensor 18 senses that the molten metal m in chamber 131 reaches the second level P2 during the drawing time. This can mean that when the level sensor 18 senses the second level P2, it generates a second level signal and transmits it to the controller 16. Upon receiving the second level signal, the controller 16 drives the transmission assembly 15. The time it takes for the molten metal m to reach the second level P2 must be equal to the drawing time. Meeting this condition prevents straight cracks in the cast billet. To meet this condition, the controller 16 can control the flow rate of the molten metal m delivered by the casting nozzle 111, ensuring that the time for the molten metal m to reach the second level P2 is equal to the drawing time (explained later). For example... Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the liquid level sensor 18 includes a transmitting unit 181 and a receiving unit 182. The receiving unit 182 is used to receive the radiation source emitted by the transmitting unit 181, and the liquid level sensor 18 measures the molten liquid level based on the radiation source. Specifically, the liquid level sensor 18 can sense the molten metal m in the chamber 131 through the radiation source (e.g., cesium 137) emitted by the transmitting unit 181. After the receiving unit 182 receives the change in the radiation source, the liquid level sensor 18 can determine the change in the liquid level inside the casting mold 13.

[0066] For example Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the metal casting equipment 1 further includes a flow rate control component 161. The preset time interval is the drawing time minus the casting start time. When the estimated filling time does not fall within the preset time interval, the controller 16 controls the flow rate control component 161 to adjust and bring the estimated filling time within the preset time interval. The controller 16 may include at least one set of chamber volume parameters and one set of melt flow rate parameters. The controller 16 can obtain the estimated filling time based on the real-time melt level, chamber volume parameters, and melt flow rate parameters. The real-time melt level may refer to the real-time level of the molten metal m inside the casting mold 13 sensed by the level sensor 18. The chamber volume parameters may refer to the volume of the chamber 131. The volumes of the chambers 131 of different casting molds 13 may vary slightly, and the chamber volume parameters can be obtained when the casting mold 13 is designed. The molten metal flow rate parameter can refer to the flow rate of the molten metal m flowing out of the casting nozzle 111 controlled by the flow rate control component 161 (explained later). The preset time interval can refer to the time interval obtained by the controller 16 after obtaining the drawing time according to formula (1) and subtracting the casting start time from the drawing time. For example, when the controller 16 obtains the drawing time as 9:40:20 and the casting start time as 09:40:00 according to formula (1), the controller 16 can calculate the preset time interval as 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the preset time interval is between 17 seconds and 45 seconds.

[0067] Please see Figures 1 to 5 . Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of area A shows the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle as the first distance. Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partially enlarged view of area A shows the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle as the second distance. (As shown...) Figures 1 to 5As shown, in some embodiments, the filling time can also refer to the time it takes for the molten metal m to fill the chamber 131 from the first liquid level P1 to the second liquid level P2. The controller 16 can control the flow rate of the molten metal m output from the casting nozzle 111 by controlling the flow rate control component 161, thereby adjusting the filling time of the molten metal m in the chamber 131 so that the estimated filling time falls within a preset time interval. If the filling time exceeds the preset time interval, the molten metal m in the casting mold 13 may be overheated, resulting in an excessively thick cast billet shell. A thicker cast billet shell is also not conducive to the drawing operation. If the filling time is less than the preset time interval, the molten metal m in the casting mold 13 may be overheated, resulting in an excessively thin cast billet shell or even inconsistent thickness. For materials with large volumetric expansion and contraction rates (such as Matian slag), this will increase the risk of direct cracking during casting, and there is a very high probability of direct cracking and steel leakage during the drawing operation. Specifically, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the flow rate control component 161 has a blocking rod 162. When the estimated filling time is lower than a preset time interval, the blocking rod 162 and the nozzle 111 have a first distance L1. When the estimated filling time is higher than the preset time interval, the blocking rod 162 and the nozzle 111 have a second distance L2, and the first distance L1 is less than the second distance L2. The controller 16 can control the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the nozzle 111. If the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the nozzle 111 is 0, the nozzle 111 is in a closed state; if the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the nozzle 111 is greater than 0, the nozzle 111 is in an open state. In some embodiments, when the estimated filling time is lower than a preset time interval, the controller 16 sends a first control signal to the flow rate control component 161. The flow rate control component 161 adjusts the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the casting nozzle 111 to a first distance L1 based on the first control signal. When the estimated filling time is higher than the preset time interval, the controller 16 sends a second control signal to the flow rate control component 161. The flow rate control component 161 adjusts the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the casting nozzle 111 to a second distance L2 based on the second control signal. Thus, the controller 16 can adjust the flow rate of the molten metal m output from the casting nozzle 111 by controlling the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the casting nozzle 111, ensuring that the estimated filling time falls within the preset time interval. This allows the molten metal m within the casting mold 13 to be heated within an appropriate time to form a casting shell of appropriate thickness.

[0068] In some embodiments, the metal casting equipment 1 further includes a cooling device 19, which is disposed outside the casting mold 13 to reduce the casting start temperature. The cooling device 19 can be a water-cooled cooling device, which can be turned on before continuous casting operations. When the molten metal m is input into the casting mold 13, the molten metal m can be deheated, so that the molten metal m can gradually decrease from the casting start temperature to the solidification temperature, thereby allowing the molten metal m to form a casting blank shell.

[0069] In summary, according to some embodiments of the metal casting equipment 1, before the start of the casting operation, the temperature sensor 12 can sense the starting temperature of the molten metal in the steel distribution tank 11 at the start of the casting time, and the controller 16 can obtain the drawing time based on parameters such as the starting temperature, index threshold, starting time and molten solidification temperature, thereby controlling the formation of a uniform and appropriate thickness of the billet shell in the casting mold 13, avoiding the occurrence of straight cracks and steel leakage, thereby improving the efficiency of continuous casting operation and the yield of billets. Furthermore, during the stage of injecting molten metal m into the casting mold 13, if the estimated filling time does not fall within the preset time range, the controller 16 can control the flow rate control component 161 to adjust the flow rate of molten metal m output from the casting nozzle 111, so that the molten metal m in the casting mold 13 can be subjected to appropriate heat-drawing action to form a billet shell of appropriate thickness.

[0070] Although the technical content of the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications and refinements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal casting equipment, characterized in that, Include: The steel channel has a casting nozzle; A temperature sensor is installed in the steel distribution tank to sense the casting temperature at the casting start time. A casting mold having a chamber, an injection port, and a drawing port, wherein one end of the casting nozzle is located at the injection port; A pulling device has a puller and a transmission assembly. The puller has a first end and a second end. The first end is located at the pulling port. The transmission assembly is connected to the second end of the puller. When the transmission assembly is driven, it pulls the puller. as well as The controller obtains the drawing time based on the index threshold, the casting start temperature, the casting start time, and the molten solidification temperature, and the controller drives the transmission component at the drawing time. The controller obtains the drawing time according to the following formula: Drawing time = index threshold / (casting start temperature - melt solidification temperature) + casting start time.

2. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a level sensor for sensing the molten liquid level in the chamber, the molten liquid level including a first level and a second level, the level sensor sensing that the molten liquid level reaches the first level at the casting start time, and the level sensor sensing that the molten liquid level reaches the second level at the drawing time.

3. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid level sensor includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The receiving unit is used to receive the radiation source of the transmitting unit, and the liquid level sensor measures the liquid level of the molten liquid based on the radiation source.

4. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling device, which is located outside the casting mold to reduce the casting start temperature.

5. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a flow rate control component, wherein the preset time interval is the extraction time minus the casting start time, and when the estimated filling time does not fall within the preset time interval, the controller controls the flow rate control component to adjust and make the estimated filling time fall within the preset time interval.

6. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The flow rate control component has a blocking rod. When the estimated filling time is lower than the preset time interval, the blocking rod is at a first distance from the casting nozzle. When the estimated filling time is higher than the preset time interval, the blocking rod is at a second distance from the casting nozzle, and the first distance is less than the second distance.

7. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the estimated filling time is lower than the preset time interval, the controller sends a first control signal to the flow rate control component. The flow rate control component adjusts the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle to the first distance based on the first control signal. When the estimated filling time is higher than the preset time interval, the controller sends a second control signal to the flow rate control component. The flow rate control component adjusts the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle to the second distance based on the second control signal.

8. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The preset time interval is between 17 and 45 seconds.

9. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The threshold value for the indicator is between 300 and 1040.

10. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The threshold value is the execution indicator when the difference in the thickness of the solidified shell is less than or equal to the judgment threshold.

11. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The threshold for judgment is 30%.

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