An automatic backlash compensation structure for a rack and pinion steering gear support.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of automotive steering systems, specifically to an automatic backlash compensation structure for a rack and pinion steering gear. It includes a gear housing and a gear shaft rotatably connected to the gear housing, and further includes: a support base fixedly disposed beside the gear housing; a tensioning mechanism disposed on the side of the support base near the gear housing, comprising a tensioning spring, a short abutment shaft, a tensioning short abutment shaft, and two retaining springs, one end of the tensioning short abutment shaft being fixedly connected to the gear housing, the short abutment shaft being disposed on the side of the tensioning short abutment shaft away from the gear housing, the tensioning spring being sleeved on the outside of the short abutment shaft, and the two retaining springs being disposed on both sides of the tensioning short abutment shaft; a calibration mechanism connected to the support base, including a traction rope capable of moving the short abutment shaft; and a measuring mechanism disposed on the side of the support base away from the short abutment shaft, including a dial capable of mapping the degree of movement of the short abutment shaft. This structure can automatically adjust the gear shaft backlash and facilitates the operator's monitoring of the degree of intermittent adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive steering systems, and more specifically to an automatic compensation structure for the clearance of a support seat in a rack and pinion steering gear. Background Technology

[0002] Rack and pinion steering is a common mechanical transmission device used to convert the rotational motion of the steering wheels into forward or turning motion of the vehicle. Rack and pinion steering systems are designed with a support structure. In the factory-installed state, a certain clearance is designed between the rack support and the rack to reduce abnormal noises and improve the driving experience during vehicle use. However, in actual use, the wear between the gear shaft and the rack can cause this clearance to increase, resulting in abnormal noises throughout the vehicle and affecting the driving experience.

[0003] Increased clearance and gear / rack wear reduce the lifespan of a transmission system. An automatic clearance compensation structure for the support base can adjust the clearance in a timely manner, reducing wear, automatically adjusting and compensating for slack in the transmission system, maintaining normal operation, extending its service life, and reducing the frequency and cost of maintenance and replacement. However, existing automatic clearance compensation structures mostly use electronic components for control, but this control method has a certain lag and requires additional design and manufacturing steps, including increasing the complexity of the transmission system and adding automatic compensation degree judgment devices, thus increasing manufacturing costs and process difficulty.

[0004] In response, we often use mechanical devices to design automatic compensation structures. However, existing mechanical compensation devices mostly use springs for gap compensation. When a single spring is used for compensation, the compensation range may be too small. Moreover, the mechanical compensation device itself may malfunction due to wear during the operation of the transmission system, which may lead to transmission system failure and increase unreliability. Furthermore, existing automatic compensation structures do not allow operators to easily and quickly identify the degree of compensation and the degree of gap change, thus lacking a certain degree of convenience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an automatic compensation structure for the support seat clearance of a rack and pinion steering gear to address the existing technical problems.

[0006] To solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An automatic backlash compensation structure for a rack and pinion steering gear includes a gear housing and a gear shaft rotatably connected to the gear housing, and further includes:

[0008] The base is fixedly mounted on the side of the gear seat;

[0009] The tensioning mechanism is located on the side of the support base near the gear seat. It includes a tensioning spring, a short abutting shaft, a short tensioning shaft, and two fastening springs. One end of the short tensioning shaft is fixed to the gear seat. The short abutting shaft is located on the side of the short tensioning shaft away from the gear seat. The tensioning spring is sleeved on the outside of the short abutting shaft. The two fastening springs are respectively located on both sides of the short tensioning shaft.

[0010] The calibration mechanism, connected to the support base, includes a traction rope that can move the short shaft against it.

[0011] The measuring mechanism, located on the side of the support base away from the short abutment axis, includes a dial that maps the degree of movement of the short abutment axis.

[0012] Furthermore, the tensioning mechanism also includes a first bearing, a second bearing, and a sliding short shaft. The sliding short shaft is slidably connected to the abutting short shaft along the same axis. The first bearing is coaxially arranged with the sliding short shaft. The second bearing is coaxially fixed with the sliding short shaft. One end of the tensioning spring is fixedly connected to the first bearing, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second bearing.

[0013] Furthermore, the sliding short shaft is formed with several limiting flanges at equal angles along the circumferential direction, and the pressing short shaft is formed with several limiting grooves at equal angles along the circumferential direction. The limiting grooves and limiting flanges are slidably connected. The end of the pressing short shaft near the gear seat is formed with a first inclined surface, and the end of the pulling short shaft away from the gear seat is formed with a second inclined surface that abuts against the first inclined surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the tensioning mechanism also includes a tensioning shaft seat and two tensioning rollers. The tensioning shaft seat is coaxially and fixedly connected to the tensioning short shaft. Receiving flanges are formed on both sides of the tensioning shaft seat. One end of each of the two tensioning rollers is fixedly connected to the two receiving flanges, and the other end is slidably connected to the support base. Two fastening springs are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two tensioning rollers. One end of each of the two fastening springs is fixedly connected to the corresponding receiving flange, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support base.

[0015] Furthermore, the calibration mechanism also includes a traction rope seat, a steel rope, an adapter wheel seat, an adapter pulley, a drive pulley, and a bevel gear frame. The traction rope seat is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gear seat. The adapter wheel seat is fixedly installed below the support base. The adapter pulley is rotatably connected to the adapter wheel seat. The bevel gear frame is fixedly installed above the adapter wheel seat. The drive pulley is rotatably connected to one side of the bevel gear frame. One end of the steel rope is fixedly connected to the traction rope seat, and the other end passes around the adapter pulley and is connected to the drive pulley.

[0016] Furthermore, the calibration mechanism also includes a limiting slide, a limiting screw, a bearing platform, a limiting gear, a driving gear, a driving bevel gear, and two first slide rails. The two first slide rails are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the support base near the short shaft. One side of the limiting slide is slidably connected to the two first slide rails, and the other side is fixedly connected to the short shaft. The two ends of the limiting screw are respectively rotatably connected to the support base through screw seats. The middle part of the limiting screw is threadedly connected to the limiting slide. The bearing platform is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support base. The bevel gear frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing platform. The adapter wheel seat is fixedly connected to the lower end of the bearing platform. The limiting gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower end of the limiting screw. The driving gear is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the bearing platform and meshes with the limiting gear. The driven bevel gear is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the bevel gear frame and coaxially fixedly connected with the driving gear. The driving bevel gear is rotatably mounted on one side of the bevel gear frame and coaxially fixedly connected with the driving pulley. The driving bevel gear meshes with the driven bevel gear.

[0017] Furthermore, a limiting groove is formed in the middle of the support base, and the measuring mechanism also includes a connecting short pin, a sliding lifting plate and two second slide rails. One end of the connecting short pin is fixedly connected to the limiting slide table, and the middle part is slidably connected to the limiting groove. The sliding lifting plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting short pin. The two first slide rails are respectively set on the side of the support base away from the short shaft, and the sliding lifting plate is slidably connected to the two first slide rails.

[0018] Furthermore, the measuring mechanism also includes a lifting rack, a lifting gear, a measuring rack, a measuring gear, and a scale needle. The lifting rack is fixedly connected to the sliding lifting plate. The lifting gear is rotatably positioned on the side of the support base near the sliding lifting plate and meshes with the lifting rack. The measuring rack is positioned on the side of the lifting rack near the support base and meshes with the lifting gear. The measuring gear is rotatably connected to the scale on the same axis and meshes with the measuring rack. The scale needle is rotatably positioned on the side of the scale away from the support base. One end of the scale needle is fixedly connected to the measuring gear on the same axis, and the other end points to the reading on the scale.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0020] Firstly, this device achieves axial adjustment by pressing and pulling the short shaft. During this process, the pressing and pulling short shafts can be squeezed against each other under the action of the support spring and the fastening spring, ensuring that when the gear shaft clearance increases, the pressing and pulling short shafts can automatically adjust the clearance.

[0021] Secondly, this device uses a combination of a support spring and a fastening spring. Compared with the traditional single-spring adjustment, this structure has a greater adjustment force. Furthermore, during the movement of the short shaft, the short shaft can also make adaptive adjustments perpendicular to the axis, ensuring that the short shaft and the tensioning shaft can remain pressed together.

[0022] Thirdly, this device provides feedback on the degree of gap adjustment through a measuring mechanism, ensuring that operators can quickly and easily understand the degree of gap change. During this process, operators only need to check the index of the scale needle on the dial, without having to repeatedly measure and compare the gap. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the short shaft being pressed against and the short shaft being pulled in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram from another angle of the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a side view of the three-dimensional structure of the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the measuring mechanism in the embodiment;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a front view of the three-dimensional structure of the measuring mechanism in the embodiment.

[0031] The numbers on the map are:

[0032] 1. Gear shaft; 2. Gear seat; 3. Support base; 4. Limiting groove; 5. Tensioning mechanism; 6. First shaft seat; 7. Second shaft seat; 8. Tensioning spring; 9. Sliding short shaft; 10. Limiting flange; 11. Abutting short shaft; 12. Limiting groove; 13. First inclined surface; 14. Tensioning short shaft; 15. Second inclined surface; 16. Tensioning shaft seat; 17. Receiving flange; 18. Tensioning roller shaft; 19. Fastening spring; 20. Calibration mechanism; 21. Limiting slide; 22. First slide rail; 23. 24. Limiting screw; 25. Bearing platform; 26. Limiting gear; 27. Driving gear; 28. Driving bevel gear; 29. ​​Driven bevel gear; 30. Traction rope seat; 31. Steel rope; 32. Adapter pulley seat; 33. Adapter pulley; 34. Driving pulley; 35. Bevel gear frame; 36. Measuring mechanism; 37. Second slide rail; 38. Connecting pin; 39. Sliding lifting plate; 40. Lifting rack; 41. Lifting gear; 42. Measuring rack; 43. Measuring gear; 44. Dial; 45. Dial needle. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] refer to Figures 1 to 8 An automatic backlash compensation structure for a rack and pinion steering gear support includes a gear seat 2 and a gear shaft 1 rotatably connected to the gear seat 2, and further includes:

[0035] The support base 3 is fixedly installed on the side of the gear seat 2;

[0036] The tensioning mechanism 5 is located on the side of the support base 3 near the gear seat 2. It includes a tensioning spring 8, a pressing short shaft 11, a tensioning short shaft 14, and two fastening springs 19. One end of the tensioning short shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the gear seat 2. The pressing short shaft 11 is located on the side of the tensioning short shaft 14 away from the gear seat 2. The tensioning spring 8 is sleeved on the outside of the pressing short shaft 11. The two fastening springs 19 are respectively located on both sides of the tensioning short shaft 14.

[0037] The calibration mechanism 20 is connected to the support base 3 and includes a traction rope that can move the short shaft 11.

[0038] The measuring mechanism 35 is located on the side of the support base 3 away from the short shaft 11, and includes a dial 43 that can map the degree of movement of the short shaft 11.

[0039] When this structure is in operation, after the operator successfully installs the structure, when the gap of the gear shaft 1 increases, the gear shaft 1 will drive the tensioning short shaft 14 to move through the gear seat 2. At this time, the tensioning short shaft 14 will move away from the support base 3. However, at this time, the pressing short shaft 11 will compensate for this gap by abutting against the tensioning short shaft 14. During this process, the support spring 8 and the two fastening tension springs 19 can ensure that the pressing short shaft 11 and the tensioning short shaft 14 remain pressed together, and compensate for the gap of the gear shaft 1 by the displacement of the pressing short shaft 11.

[0040] When the short shaft 11 moves, the displacement of the short shaft 11 will be fed back on the dial 43, which will make it easier for the operator to observe the degree of change of the interval.

[0041] To reduce the clearance caused by friction on gear shaft 1, the following features are specifically designed:

[0042] The tensioning mechanism 5 also includes a first bearing 6, a second bearing 7, and a sliding short shaft 9. The sliding short shaft 9 is slidably connected to the pressing short shaft 11 along the same axis. The first bearing 6 is coaxially arranged with the sliding short shaft 9, and the second bearing 7 is coaxially fixed with the sliding short shaft 9. One end of the tensioning spring 8 is fixedly connected to the first bearing 6, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second bearing 7. During the movement of the pressing short shaft 11, in order to ensure that the pressing short shaft 11 and the tensioning short shaft 14 abut against each other, under the action of the tensioning spring 8, the second bearing 7 drives the pressing short shaft 11 to move closer to the gear seat 2, thereby reducing the clearance generated by friction on the gear shaft 1.

[0043] To prevent displacement along the axial direction from being blocked by the short axis 11, the following features are specifically provided:

[0044] The sliding short shaft 9 has several limiting flanges 10 formed at equal angles along the circumferential direction, and the clamping short shaft 11 has several limiting grooves 12 formed at equal angles along the circumferential direction. The limiting grooves 12 and the limiting flanges 10 are slidably connected. A first inclined surface 13 is formed at the end of the clamping short shaft 11 near the gear seat 2, and a second inclined surface 15 is formed at the end of the tensioning short shaft 14 away from the gear seat 2, abutting against the first inclined surface 13. During the movement of the clamping short shaft 11, the clamping short shaft 11 achieves relative displacement with the sliding short shaft 9 through the cooperation of the limiting grooves 12 and the limiting flanges 10, preventing the clamping short shaft 11 from being unable to move along the axial direction. Simultaneously, the first inclined surface 13 and the second inclined surface 15 ensure that even if the axes of the clamping short shaft 11 and the tensioning short shaft 14 are misaligned, the first inclined surface 13 and the second inclined surface 15 can still abut against each other (e.g., ...). Figure 6 (As shown), to prevent the two from slipping.

[0045] To prevent the tensioning short shaft 14 from shifting during movement, the following features are specifically provided:

[0046] The tensioning mechanism 5 also includes a tensioning shaft seat 16 and two tensioning rollers 18. The tensioning shaft seat 16 is coaxially fixed to the tensioning short shaft 14. Receiving flanges 17 are formed on both sides of the tensioning shaft seat 16. One end of each of the two tensioning rollers 18 is fixed to one of the receiving flanges 17, and the other end is slidably connected to the support base 3. Two fastening springs 19 are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two tensioning rollers 18. One end of each fastening spring 19 is fixed to the corresponding receiving flange 17, and the other end is fixed to the support base 3. When the clearance of the gear shaft 1 increases, the two fastening springs 19 will pull the gear shaft 1 through their own tension. At the same time, in order to improve the stability of the tensioning short shaft 14, the two tensioning rollers 18 can limit its movement when the tensioning short shaft 14 moves, preventing it from shifting during movement.

[0047] In order to adjust the radial position of the short shaft 11 and prevent the first inclined surface 13 from failing to abut against the second inclined surface 15, the following features are specifically provided:

[0048] The calibration mechanism 20 also includes a traction rope seat 29, a steel rope 30, a transfer wheel seat 31, a transfer pulley 32, a drive pulley 33, and a bevel gear frame 34. The traction rope seat 29 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gear seat 2. The transfer wheel seat 31 is fixedly installed below the support base 3. The transfer pulley 32 is rotatably connected to the transfer wheel seat 31. The bevel gear frame 34 is fixedly installed above the transfer wheel seat 31. The drive pulley 33 is rotatably connected to one side of the bevel gear frame 34. One end of the steel rope 30 is fixedly connected to the traction rope seat 29, and the other end passes around the transfer pulley 32 and is connected to the drive pulley 33. During the movement of the gear seat 2, the gear seat 2 will drive the steel rope 30 to move through the traction rope seat 29. After the steel rope 30 moves, it will drive the drive pulley 33 to rotate through the adapter pulley 32. The adapter pulley 32 can prevent the steel rope 30 from becoming loose. Finally, the movement of the steel rope 30 can adjust the radial position of the short shaft 11, so as to prevent the first inclined surface 13 from failing to abut against the second inclined surface 15.

[0049] In order to drive the short shaft 11 to move perpendicular to the axis, the following features are also provided:

[0050] The calibration mechanism 20 also includes a limiting slide 21, a limiting screw 23, a bearing platform 24, a limiting gear 25, a driving gear 26, a driving bevel gear 27, and two first slide rails 22. The two first slide rails 22 are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the support base 3 near the short shaft 11. One side of the limiting slide 21 is slidably connected to the two first slide rails 22, and the other side is fixedly connected to the short shaft 11. Both ends of the limiting screw 23 are rotatably connected to the support base 3 via screw seats, and the middle part of the limiting screw 23 is threadedly connected to the limiting slide 21. The bearing platform 24 is connected to the support base 3... The lower end of the base 3 is fixedly connected, the bevel gear frame 34 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing platform 24, the adapter wheel seat 31 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the bearing platform 24, the limit gear 25 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limit screw 23 on the same axis, the driving gear 26 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the bearing platform 24 and meshes with the limit gear 25, the driven bevel gear 28 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the bevel gear frame 34 and is fixedly connected to the driving gear 26 on the same axis, the driving bevel gear 27 is rotatably mounted on one side of the bevel gear frame 34 and is fixedly connected to the driving pulley 33 on the same axis, and the driving bevel gear 27 meshes with the driven bevel gear 28. After the steel rope 30 moves, the steel rope 30 will drive the active bevel gear 27 to rotate through the active pulley 33. The active bevel gear 27 will drive the active gear 26 to rotate through the driven bevel gear 28. The active gear 26 will drive the limiting screw 23 to rotate through the limiting gear 25. The rotation of the limiting screw 23 will drive the limiting slide 21 threadedly connected to it to move along the two first slide rails 22. During this process, the limiting slide 21 will drive the short shaft 11 fixed to it to move, so as to prevent the first inclined surface 13 and the second inclined surface 15 from failing to abut.

[0051] To ensure that operators record the degree of clearance compensation, the following features are specifically included:

[0052] The supporting base 3 has a limiting groove 4 formed in the middle. The measuring mechanism 35 also includes a connecting pin 37, a sliding lifting plate 38, and two second slide rails 36. One end of the connecting pin 37 is fixedly connected to the limiting slide 21, and the middle part is slidably connected to the limiting groove 4. The sliding lifting plate 38 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting pin 37. The two first slide rails 22 are respectively set on the side of the supporting base 3 away from the short shaft 11, and the sliding lifting plate 38 is slidably connected to the two first slide rails 22. When the limiting slide 21 moves, in order to feed back the degree of change in the gear shaft 1 clearance to the dial 43, the limiting slide 21 can drive the sliding lifting plate 38 to move through the connecting pin 37. During the movement, the sliding lifting plate 38 can be limited by the two second slide rails 36. The displacement of the sliding lifting plate 38 can be fed back to the dial 43, thereby ensuring that the operator records the degree of clearance compensation.

[0053] To facilitate operators in calculating the clearance adjustment amount of gear seat 2 based on the readings, the following features are specifically provided:

[0054] The measuring mechanism 35 also includes a lifting rack 39, a lifting gear 40, a measuring rack 41, a measuring gear 42, and a scale needle 44. The lifting rack 39 is fixedly connected to the sliding lifting plate 38. The lifting gear 40 is rotatably disposed on the side of the support base 3 near the sliding lifting plate 38 and meshes with the lifting rack 39. The measuring rack 41 is disposed on the side of the lifting rack 39 near the support base 3 and meshes with the lifting gear 40. The measuring gear 42 is rotatably connected to the scale 43 on the same axis and meshes with the measuring rack 41. The scale needle 44 is rotatably disposed on the side of the scale 43 away from the support base 3. One end of the scale needle 44 is fixedly connected to the measuring gear 42 on the same axis, and the other end points to the reading on the scale 43. When the sliding lifting plate 38 moves, the sliding lifting plate 38 will drive the lifting gear 40 to rotate through the lifting rack 39. The lifting gear 40 will drive the measuring gear 42 to rotate through the measuring rack 41. After the measuring gear 42 rotates, it will drive the scale needle 44 to rotate. After the scale needle 44 rotates, it can point to the reading on the scale 43. The operator can calculate the clearance adjustment amount of the gear seat 2 according to the reading.

[0055] The working principle of this structure is as follows: After the operator successfully installs the structure, when the intermittent of the gear shaft 1 increases, the gear shaft 1 will drive the tensioning short shaft 14 to move through the gear seat 2. At this time, the tensioning short shaft 14 will move away from the support base 3. During the movement of the clamping short shaft 11, in order to ensure that the clamping short shaft 11 and the tensioning short shaft 14 are in contact, under the action of the support spring 8, the second shaft seat 7 drives the clamping short shaft 11 to move closer to the gear seat 2. The clamping short shaft 11 achieves relative displacement with the sliding short shaft 9 through the cooperation of several limiting grooves 12 and several limiting flanges 10, so as to prevent the clamping short shaft 11 from being unable to move along the axial direction. At the same time, the first inclined surface 13 and the second inclined surface 15 can ensure that when the axes of the clamping short shaft 11 and the tensioning short shaft 14 are misaligned, the first inclined surface 13 and the second inclined surface 15 can still be in contact, preventing the two from slipping.

[0056] The two fastening springs 19 will pull the gear shaft 1 with their own tension to avoid the tension of the support spring 8 being insufficient to support the short shaft 11 and compensate for the intermittent changes of the gear shaft 1.

[0057] During the movement of the gear seat 2, the gear seat 2 will drive the steel rope 30 to move through the traction rope seat 29. After the steel rope 30 moves, it will drive the drive pulley 33 to rotate through the adapter pulley 32. The adapter pulley 32 can prevent the steel rope 30 from becoming loose. Finally, the movement of the steel rope 30 can adjust the radial position of the short shaft 11, so as to prevent the first inclined surface 13 from failing to abut against the second inclined surface 15.

[0058] After the radial position of the short shaft 11 is adjusted, the sliding lifting plate 38 will drive the lifting gear 40 to rotate through the lifting rack 39. The lifting gear 40 will drive the measuring gear 42 to rotate through the measuring rack 41. After the measuring gear 42 rotates, it will drive the scale needle 44 to rotate. After the scale needle 44 rotates, it can point to the reading on the scale 43. The operator can calculate the clearance adjustment amount of the gear seat 2 according to the reading.

[0059] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic backlash compensation structure for a rack and pinion steering gear support, comprising a gear seat (2) and a gear shaft (1) rotatably connected to the gear seat (2), characterized in that, Also includes: The support base (3) is fixedly installed on the side of the gear seat (2); The tensioning mechanism (5) is located on the side of the support base (3) near the gear seat (2), and includes a tensioning spring (8), a short shaft (11), a tensioning short shaft (14) and two fastening springs (19). One end of the tensioning short shaft (14) is fixedly connected to the gear seat (2), the short shaft (11) is located on the side of the tensioning short shaft (14) away from the gear seat (2), the tensioning spring (8) is sleeved on the outside of the short shaft (11), and the two fastening springs (19) are respectively located on both sides of the tensioning short shaft (14). The calibration mechanism (20) is connected to the support base (3) and includes a traction rope that can move the short shaft (11) that is pressed against it. The measuring mechanism (35) is located on the side of the support base (3) away from the short shaft (11) and includes a dial (43) that can map the degree of movement of the short shaft (11). The tensioning mechanism (5) also includes a first bearing seat (6), a second bearing seat (7), and a sliding short shaft (9). The sliding short shaft (9) is slidably connected to the abutting short shaft (11) along the same axis. The first bearing seat (6) is coaxially arranged with the sliding short shaft (9). The second bearing seat (7) is coaxially fixedly connected with the sliding short shaft (9). One end of the tensioning spring (8) is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat (6), and the other end is fixedly connected to the second bearing seat (7). The sliding short shaft (9) is formed with several limiting flanges (10) at equal angles along the circumferential direction, and the pressing short shaft (11) is formed with several limiting grooves (12) at equal angles along the circumferential direction. The several limiting grooves (12) and the several limiting flanges (10) are slidably connected. The end of the pressing short shaft (11) near the gear seat (2) is formed with a first inclined surface (13), and the end of the pulling short shaft (14) away from the gear seat (2) is formed with a second inclined surface (15) that abuts against the first inclined surface (13). The tensioning mechanism (5) also includes a tensioning shaft seat (16) and two tensioning rollers (18). The tensioning shaft seat (16) is coaxially fixed to the tensioning short shaft (14). The tensioning shaft seat (16) has receiving flanges (17) formed on both sides. One end of the two tensioning rollers (18) is fixed to the two receiving flanges (17) respectively, and the other end is slidably connected to the support base (3). Two fastening springs (19) are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two tensioning rollers (18). One end of the two fastening springs (19) is fixed to the corresponding receiving flange (17), and the other end is fixed to the support base (3). The calibration mechanism (20) also includes a traction rope seat (29), a steel rope (30), a transfer wheel seat (31), a transfer pulley (32), a drive pulley (33), and a bevel gear frame (34). The traction rope seat (29) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gear seat (2). The transfer wheel seat (31) is fixedly installed below the support base (3). The transfer pulley (32) is rotatably connected to the transfer wheel seat (31). The bevel gear frame (34) is fixedly installed above the transfer wheel seat (31). The drive pulley (33) is rotatably connected to one side of the bevel gear frame (34). One end of the steel rope (30) is fixedly connected to the traction rope seat (29), and the other end passes around the transfer pulley (32) and is connected to the drive pulley (33). The calibration mechanism (20) also includes a limiting slide (21), a limiting screw (23), a bearing platform (24), a limiting gear (25), a driving gear (26), a driving bevel gear (27), and two first slide rails (22). The two first slide rails (22) are respectively fixed to the side of the support base (3) near the short shaft (11). One side of the limiting slide (21) is slidably connected to the two first slide rails (22), and the other side is fixedly connected to the short shaft (11). The two ends of the limiting screw (23) are respectively rotatably connected to the support base (3) through screw seats. The middle part of the limiting screw (23) is threadedly connected to the limiting slide (21). The bearing platform (24) is connected to the bearing base (25), the limiting screw (26), the driving bevel gear (27), and the bearing platform (28) is connected to the bearing base (29). The lower end of the support base (3) is fixedly connected, the bevel gear frame (34) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing platform (24), the adapter wheel seat (31) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the bearing platform (24), the limit gear (25) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limit screw (23) on the same axis, the driving gear (26) is rotatably set on the upper end of the bearing platform (24) and meshes with the limit gear (25), the driven bevel gear (28) is rotatably set on the upper end of the bevel gear frame (34) and is fixedly connected to the driving gear (26) on the same axis, the driving bevel gear (27) is rotatably set on one side of the bevel gear frame (34) and is fixedly connected to the driving pulley (33) on the same axis, and the driving bevel gear (27) meshes with the driven bevel gear (28).

2. The automatic backlash compensation structure for a rack and pinion steering gear according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support base (3) has a limiting groove (4) formed in the middle. The measuring mechanism (35) also includes a connecting pin (37), a sliding lifting plate (38) and two second slide rails (36). One end of the connecting pin (37) is fixedly connected to the limiting slide (21), and the middle part is slidably connected to the limiting groove (4). The sliding lifting plate (38) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting pin (37). The two first slide rails (22) are respectively set on the side of the support base (3) away from the short shaft (11). The sliding lifting plate (38) is slidably connected to the two first slide rails (22).

3. The automatic backlash compensation structure for a rack and pinion steering gear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring mechanism (35) also includes a lifting rack (39), a lifting gear (40), a measuring rack (41), a measuring gear (42), and a scale needle (44). The lifting rack (39) is fixedly connected to the sliding lifting plate (38). The lifting gear (40) is rotatably disposed on the side of the support base (3) near the sliding lifting plate (38). The lifting gear (40) meshes with the lifting rack (39). The measuring rack (41) is disposed on the side of the lifting rack (39) near the support base (3). The measuring rack (41) meshes with the lifting gear (40). The measuring gear (42) is rotatably connected to the scale (43) on the same axis. The measuring gear (42) meshes with the measuring rack (41). The scale needle (44) is rotatably disposed on the side of the scale (43) away from the support base (3). One end of the scale needle (44) is fixedly connected to the measuring gear (42) on the same axis, and the other end points to the reading on the scale (43).

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