A drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria

Abstract

The present application relates to the processing technology field of fritillaria, in particular to a drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria.The present application first adopts a non-thermal pretreatment method of ultrahigh pressure combined with ultrasonic to open the intracellular water dispersion channel of fritillaria hupehensis, and then performs gradient vacuum drying to improve the efficiency of gradient vacuum drying and save energy consumption;The gradient vacuum drying is performed under the condition of oxygen isolation during the whole drying process, and the stage drying temperature is fully controlled, which greatly protects the functional active ingredients, and takes into account the drying efficiency and drying quality.The obtained fritillaria hupehensis has high content of functional ingredients (fritillaria, total phenol, total flavonoids, nucleosides and nucleobases, amino acids), strong antioxidant capacity and excellent quality.The drying method provided by the present application is a high-quality postharvest processing method, which can improve the processing quality of fritillaria hupehensis, improve the market competitiveness, and promote the upgrading of the industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fritillaria processing technology, and in particular to a drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria. Background Technology

[0002] Hubei fritillaria is the dried bulb of *Fritillaria hupehensis* Hsiao et K.C.Hsia, a plant in the Liliaceae family. Through years of development, Hubei fritillaria has become the second most popular market variety after Zhejiang fritillaria. Hubei fritillaria has a high yield and is rich in active ingredients such as alkaloids, terpenes, nucleosides, amino acids, sterols, and lignans, thus possessing the effects of clearing heat and resolving phlegm, relieving cough, and dispersing nodules, making it a traditional medicinal material from Hubei Province.

[0003] Post-harvest processing not only extends the shelf life of fritillaria, increases its added value, and meets market demand, but more importantly, high-quality processing methods can improve product quality and promote industrial upgrading. However, current technologies for drying fritillaria typically employ traditional hot air drying, which is simple to operate, but this simple heat processing has no significant effect on improving the quality of Hubei fritillaria. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria. The drying method provided by this invention can increase the content of functional components (fritigin, total phenols, total flavonoids, nucleosides and nucleobases, amino acids) and antioxidant capacity of fritillaria.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria bulbs, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Fresh fritillaria bulbs were sliced ​​and then subjected to ultra-high pressure treatment, ultrasonic treatment, and vacuum drying to obtain dried fritillaria bulbs.

[0008] The ultra-high pressure treatment is performed at a pressure of 100–500 MPa for a time of 5–20 minutes.

[0009] The ultrasonic treatment has a power of 100-300W and a duration of 5-30 minutes;

[0010] The vacuum drying process is a three-stage drying process, including: the first stage with a vacuum pressure of 800-1200 Pa and a temperature of 15-25°C, drying to a moisture content of 40 wt.%-60 wt.%; the second stage with a vacuum pressure of 200-500 Pa and a temperature of 35-45°C, drying to a moisture content of 20 wt.%-30 wt.%; and the third stage with a vacuum pressure of 20-50 Pa and a temperature of 45-55°C, drying to a moisture content ≤14 wt.%.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the slice is 0.4 to 1 cm.

[0012] Preferably, the fritillaria slices subjected to ultra-high pressure treatment and ultrasonic treatment are sealed in ultra-high pressure packaging bags.

[0013] Preferably, the fritillaria bulb includes Hubei fritillaria.

[0014] Preferably, the Hubei fritillary bulbs include 5-year-old Hubei fritillary bulbs.

[0015] Preferably, the place of origin of the Hubei Fritillaria includes Enshi, Hubei.

[0016] Preferably, the fresh fritillaria is pretreated before slicing, and the pretreatment includes: removing the stems and leaves of the above-ground part of the fresh fritillaria, rinsing with clean water to remove mud and sand, and draining the surface moisture.

[0017] The present invention also provides the application of the drying method described above in improving the content of functional components in fritillaria.

[0018] Preferably, the functional components include one or more of fritillary, total phenols, total flavonoids, a mixture of total nucleosides and nucleobases, and total amino acids.

[0019] Preferably, the fritillary element includes fritillary A and / or fritillary B.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] This invention provides a drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria bulbs, comprising the following steps: fresh fritillaria bulbs are sliced ​​and then subjected to ultra-high pressure treatment, ultrasonic treatment, and vacuum drying treatment sequentially to obtain dried fritillaria bulbs; the ultra-high pressure treatment is performed at a pressure of 100–500 MPa for 5–20 min; the ultrasonic treatment is performed at a power of 100–300 W for 5–30 min; the vacuum drying treatment is a three-stage drying process, comprising: a first stage with a vacuum pressure of 800–1200 Pa and a temperature of 20–25 °C, drying to a moisture content of 40 wt.%–60 wt.%; a second stage with a vacuum pressure of 200–500 Pa and a temperature of 35–45 °C, drying to a moisture content of 20 wt.%–30 wt.%; and a third stage with a vacuum pressure of 20–50 Pa and a temperature of 45–55 °C, drying to a moisture content ≤14 wt.%. This invention first employs a non-thermal pretreatment method combining ultra-high pressure and ultrasound to open the water dissipation channels within the cells of *Fritillaria hupehensis*, followed by gradient vacuum drying. This improves the efficiency of gradient vacuum drying and saves energy. The gradient vacuum drying process is carried out under oxygen-free conditions, with precise control over the drying temperature at each stage, greatly protecting the functional active ingredients and balancing drying efficiency and quality. The resulting *Fritillaria hupehensis* exhibits high content of functional components (fritigin, total phenols, total flavonoids, nucleosides and nucleobases, and amino acids), strong antioxidant capacity, and excellent quality. The drying method provided by this invention is a superior post-harvest processing method that can improve the processing quality of *Fritillaria hupehensis*, enhance its market competitiveness, and promote industrial upgrading. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0023] Figure 1 The liquid chromatograms of Fritillariaein A and Fritillariaein B from Hubei Fritillariae are shown.

[0024] Figure 2 The image shows the liquid chromatogram of nucleosides and nucleobases from Fritillaria cirrhosa in Hubei Province; peaks 1-9 are, in order, uracil, cytidine, uridine, inosine, adenine, deoxyinosine, deoxythymidine, adenosine, and deoxyadenosine. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This invention provides a drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria bulbs, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Fresh fritillaria bulbs were sliced ​​and then subjected to ultra-high pressure treatment, ultrasonic treatment, and vacuum drying in sequence.

[0027] The ultra-high pressure treatment is performed at a pressure of 100–500 MPa for a time of 5–20 minutes.

[0028] The ultrasonic treatment has a power of 100-300W and a duration of 5-30 minutes;

[0029] The vacuum drying process is a three-stage drying process, including: the first stage with a vacuum pressure of 800-1200 Pa and a temperature of 20-25°C, drying to a moisture content of 40 wt.%-60 wt.%; the second stage with a vacuum pressure of 200-500 Pa and a temperature of 35-45°C, drying to a moisture content of 20 wt.%-30 wt.%; and the third stage with a vacuum pressure of 20-50 Pa and a temperature of 45-55°C, drying to a moisture content ≤14 wt.%.

[0030] The fritillaria bulbs used in this invention preferably include Hubei fritillaria, and more preferably 5-year-old Hubei fritillaria; the Hubei fritillaria is preferably produced in Enshi, Hubei. The fritillaria bulbs used in this invention are preferably fresh fritillaria harvested in May or June, and more preferably fresh fritillaria bulbs with plump bulbs, free from insects and rot.

[0031] After obtaining fresh fritillaria bulbs, the present invention preferably removes the stems and leaves of the above-ground parts of the fresh fritillaria bulbs, rinses them with clean water to remove mud and sand, drains the surface moisture, and then slices them. In the present invention, the thickness of the slices is preferably 0.4-1 cm, more preferably 0.5-0.8 cm, and even more preferably 0.6 cm. By slicing fresh fritillaria bulbs into slices of appropriate thickness, the present invention can reduce the rate of tissue browning and drying efficiency during the cell wall breaking process (ultra-high pressure treatment and ultrasonic treatment).

[0032] After slicing fresh fritillaria, the present invention preferably seals the sliced ​​fresh fritillaria to obtain sealed fritillaria slices; the sealing process preferably includes: sealing the fresh fritillaria slices in an ultra-high pressure packaging bag. The sealing process of the present invention can isolate air and prevent oxidative damage generated during the combined ultra-high pressure and ultrasonic treatment, while avoiding direct contact between the fresh fritillaria slices and the medium (water) used in the ultra-high pressure and ultrasonic treatment processes.

[0033] After obtaining the sealed fritillaria slices, the present invention sequentially subjectes the sealed fritillaria slices to ultra-high pressure treatment and ultrasonic treatment before removing the fritillaria slices to obtain primary fritillaria slices.

[0034] In this invention, the pressure of the ultra-high pressure treatment is 100–500 MPa, preferably 200–300 MPa, and more preferably 200 MPa; the time of the ultra-high pressure treatment is 5–20 min, preferably 5–10 min, and more preferably 5 min. This invention, through appropriate ultra-high pressure treatment, can alter the tissue structure of fritillaria and enhance cell permeability, thereby improving drying efficiency and the release of active ingredients.

[0035] In this invention, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 100-300W, preferably 200-300W, and more preferably 300W; the duration of the ultrasonic treatment is 5-30 minutes, preferably 25-30 minutes, and more preferably 25 minutes. This invention, through appropriate ultrasonic treatment, can promote the formation of microchannels in the capillaries of the fritillary bulb, which helps remove water adhering to the solid, thereby shortening the drying time.

[0036] After obtaining the primary fritillaria slices, the present invention performs vacuum drying on the primary fritillaria slices to obtain dried fritillaria; the vacuum drying process is a three-stage drying process, preferably including: performing a first stage drying on the primary fritillaria slices to obtain secondary fritillaria slices; performing a second stage drying on the secondary fritillaria slices to obtain tertiary fritillaria slices; and performing a third stage drying on the tertiary fritillaria slices to obtain the dried fritillaria.

[0037] In this invention, the vacuum pressure for the first stage of drying is 800–1200 Pa, preferably 900–1000 Pa, and more preferably 950 Pa; the drying temperature for the first stage is room temperature, i.e., 15–25°C; the moisture content of the secondary fritillaria slices is 40 wt.%–60 wt.%, preferably 50 wt.%–60 wt.%, and more preferably 55 wt.%; the vacuum pressure for the second stage of drying is 200–500 Pa, preferably 200–300 Pa, and more preferably 250 Pa; the drying temperature for the second stage is 3… The temperature range is 5–45°C, preferably 40–45°C, and more preferably 40°C; the moisture content of the third-stage fritillary bulb slices is 20 wt.%–30 wt.%, preferably 20 wt.%–25 wt.%, and more preferably 20 wt.%; the vacuum pressure for the third-stage drying is 20–50 Pa, preferably 20–30 Pa, and more preferably 20 Pa; the temperature for the third-stage drying is 45–55°C, preferably 50°C; the moisture content of the dried fritillary bulb is ≤14 wt.%, preferably 12 wt.%–14 wt.%, and more preferably 12 wt.%.

[0038] This invention employs gradient vacuum drying, with the entire drying process conducted under oxygen-free conditions and with precise control over the drying temperature at each stage. This maximizes the protection of the functional active ingredients, balancing drying efficiency and quality. The resulting Hubei fritillary bulb exhibits high content of functional components (fritigin, total phenols, total flavonoids, nucleosides and nucleobases, and amino acids), strong antioxidant capacity, and excellent quality.

[0039] Based on the above advantages, the present invention also provides the application of the drying method described in the above technical solution in improving the content of functional components in fritillaria. In the present invention, the functional components preferably include one or more of fritillarin, total phenols, total flavonoids, a mixture of total nucleosides and nucleobases, and total amino acids; the fritillarin preferably includes fritillarin A and / or fritillarin B.

[0040] To further illustrate the present invention, a drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria bulbs comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) Remove the stems and leaves of the above-ground parts of the 5-year-old fresh Hubei Fritillaria harvested in Enshi, Hubei in May and June, rinse the mud and sand with clean water, drain the surface water, slice to 0.6cm, pack into ultra-high pressure packaging bags, and carry out ultra-high pressure cell wall breaking pretreatment. The treatment pressure is 200Mpa and the ultra-high pressure treatment time is 5min.

[0044] (2) The Hubei Fritillaria cirrhosa packaged in step (1) is subjected to ultrasonic pretreatment with an ultrasonic power of 300w and an ultrasonic treatment time of 25min.

[0045] (3) Remove the Hubei fritillaria after step (2) from the ultra-high pressure packaging bag and perform gradient vacuum drying, as follows:

[0046] First stage vacuum drying parameters: vacuum pressure in drying chamber 950pa, maintain room temperature, dry until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 55wt.%;

[0047] Second stage vacuum drying parameters: drying chamber vacuum pressure 250pa, drying chamber temperature 40℃, drying until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb is 20wt.%;

[0048] The parameters for the third stage of vacuum drying are: vacuum pressure of 20 Pa in the drying chamber, temperature of 50 °C in the drying chamber, and drying until the moisture content of the Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 12 wt.%.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] A drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria bulbs comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) Remove the stems and leaves of the above-ground parts of the 5-year-old fresh Hubei Fritillaria harvested in Enshi, Hubei in May and June, rinse the mud and sand with clean water, drain the surface water, slice to 0.6cm, pack into ultra-high pressure packaging bags, and carry out ultra-high pressure cell wall breaking pretreatment. The treatment pressure is 200Mpa and the ultra-high pressure treatment time is 10min.

[0052] (2) The Hubei Fritillaria cirrhosa after step (1) was subjected to ultrasonic pretreatment with an ultrasonic power of 250w and an ultrasonic treatment time of 30min.

[0053] (3) Remove the Hubei fritillaria after step (2) from the ultra-high pressure packaging bag and perform gradient vacuum drying, as follows:

[0054] First stage vacuum drying parameters: vacuum pressure in drying chamber 1000pa, maintain room temperature, dry until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 50wt.%;

[0055] Second stage vacuum drying parameters: drying chamber vacuum pressure 300pa, drying chamber temperature 45℃, drying until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb is 30wt.%;

[0056] The parameters for the third stage of vacuum drying are: vacuum pressure of 20 Pa in the drying chamber, temperature of 50 °C in the drying chamber, and drying until the moisture content of the Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 12 wt.%.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] A drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria bulbs comprises the following steps:

[0059] (1) Remove the stems and leaves of the above-ground parts of the 5-year-old fresh Hubei Fritillaria harvested in Enshi, Hubei in May and June, rinse the mud and sand with clean water, drain the surface water, slice to 0.6cm, pack into ultra-high pressure packaging bags, and carry out ultra-high pressure cell wall breaking pretreatment. The treatment pressure is 200Mpa and the ultra-high pressure treatment time is 5min.

[0060] (2) The Hubei Fritillaria cirrhosa packaged in step (1) is subjected to ultrasonic pretreatment with an ultrasonic power of 300w and an ultrasonic treatment time of 25min.

[0061] (3) Remove the Hubei fritillaria after step (2) from the ultra-high pressure packaging bag and perform gradient vacuum drying, as follows:

[0062] First stage vacuum drying parameters: vacuum pressure in drying chamber 900pa, maintain room temperature, dry until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 60wt.%;

[0063] Second stage vacuum drying parameters: drying chamber vacuum pressure 200pa, drying chamber temperature 40℃, drying until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb is 25wt.%;

[0064] The parameters for the third stage of vacuum drying are: vacuum pressure of 30 Pa in the drying chamber, temperature of 55 °C in the drying chamber, and drying until the moisture content of the Hubei fritillary bulb is 12 wt.%.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] A drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria bulbs comprises the following steps:

[0067] (1) Remove the stems and leaves of the above-ground parts of the 5-year-old fresh Hubei Fritillaria harvested in Enshi, Hubei in May and June, rinse the mud and sand with clean water, drain the surface water, slice to 0.6cm, pack into ultra-high pressure packaging bags, and carry out ultra-high pressure cell wall breaking pretreatment. The treatment pressure is 300Mpa and the ultra-high pressure treatment time is 10min.

[0068] (2) The Hubei Fritillaria cirrhosa after step (1) was subjected to ultrasonic pretreatment with an ultrasonic power of 200w and an ultrasonic treatment time of 30min.

[0069] (3) Remove the Hubei fritillaria after step (2) from the ultra-high pressure packaging bag and perform gradient vacuum drying, as follows:

[0070] First stage vacuum drying parameters: vacuum pressure in drying chamber 900pa, maintain room temperature, dry until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 56wt.%;

[0071] Second stage vacuum drying parameters: drying chamber vacuum pressure 200pa, drying chamber temperature 40℃, drying until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb is 20wt.%;

[0072] The parameters for the third stage of vacuum drying are: vacuum pressure of 20 Pa in the drying chamber, temperature of 45 °C in the drying chamber, and drying until the moisture content of the Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 12 wt.%.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] A drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria bulbs comprises the following steps:

[0075] (1) Remove the stems and leaves of the above-ground parts of the 5-year-old fresh Hubei Fritillaria thunbergii harvested in Enshi, Hubei in May and June, rinse the mud and sand with clean water, drain the surface water, slice to 1cm, pack into ultra-high pressure packaging bags, and carry out ultra-high pressure cell wall breaking pretreatment. The treatment pressure is 200Mpa and the ultra-high pressure treatment time is 5min.

[0076] (2) The Hubei Fritillaria cirrhosa packaged in step (1) is subjected to ultrasonic pretreatment with an ultrasonic power of 300w and an ultrasonic treatment time of 25min.

[0077] (3) Remove the Hubei fritillaria after step (2) from the ultra-high pressure packaging bag and perform gradient vacuum drying, as follows:

[0078] First stage vacuum drying parameters: vacuum pressure in drying chamber 900pa, maintain room temperature, dry until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 50wt.%;

[0079] Second stage vacuum drying parameters: drying chamber vacuum pressure 200pa, drying chamber temperature 40℃, drying until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb is 20wt.%;

[0080] The parameters for the third stage of vacuum drying are: vacuum pressure of 20 Pa in the drying chamber, temperature of 50 °C in the drying chamber, and drying until the moisture content of the Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 12 wt.%.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] A drying method similar to that in Example 1, except that the slice thickness is 1.5 cm.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] A drying method similar to that in Example 1, except that the slice thickness is 0.3 cm.

[0085] Comparative Example 3

[0086] A drying method similar to that in Example 1, the difference is that the processing pressure in step (1) is 100 MPa and the ultra-high pressure processing time is 35 min; and the ultrasonic power in step (2) is 100 W and the ultrasonic processing time is 55 min.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] A drying method similar to that in Example 1, the difference is that the processing pressure in step (1) is 500 MPa and the ultra-high pressure processing time is 5 min; and the ultrasonic power in step (2) is 400 W and the ultrasonic processing time is 15 min.

[0089] Comparative Example 5

[0090] A drying method similar to that in Example 1, except that the gradient vacuum drying in step (3) is:

[0091] First stage vacuum drying parameters: vacuum pressure in drying chamber 2000pa, maintain room temperature, dry until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 60wt.%;

[0092] Second stage vacuum drying parameters: drying chamber vacuum pressure 1000pa, drying chamber temperature 45℃, drying until the moisture content of Hubei fritillary bulb is 40wt.%;

[0093] The parameters for the third stage of vacuum drying are: vacuum pressure in the drying chamber 50 Pa, temperature in the drying chamber 60℃, and drying until the moisture content of the Hubei fritillary bulb reaches 12 wt.%.

[0094] Test Example 1

[0095] The processing time, energy consumption, component content, and antioxidant capacity of dried Fritillaria cirrhosa from Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were determined using the following methods:

[0096] High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with an evaporative light scattering (ELS) was used to detect fritillary acetylcholine A and fritillary acetylcholine B in processed Fritillaria cirrhosa from Hubei. The HPLC chromatograms of the sample and standard from Example 1 are shown below. Figure 1.

[0097] The color of the dried fritillaria powder was analyzed using a colorimeter, and the readings were taken from the colorimeter after white plate calibration. The results are expressed as L, a, and b. Where L represents the brightness of the sample, a represents the red-green hue, and b represents the yellow-blue hue.

[0098] The total phenols, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP, ABTS) of Fritillaria cirrhosa were determined by the 96-well plate method.

[0099] High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a UV-Vis detector was used to detect nucleosides and nucleobases in processed Fritillaria cirrhosa from Hubei Province, including uracil, cytidine, uridine, inosine, adenine, deoxyinosine, deoxythymidine, adenosine, and deoxyadenosine. See the detailed HPLC chromatograms of the sample and standard in Example 1. Figure 2 .

[0100] An automated amino acid analyzer was used to detect the content of 17 amino acids (glycine, arginine, leucine, valine, alanine, serine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, threonine, methionine, tryptophan, histidine, tyrosine, aspartic acid, cysteine, and glutamic acid) in Fritillaria cirrhosa from Hubei Province. The total amino acid content was calculated by combining the results.

[0101] The total energy consumption of the Hubei Fritillaria pretreatment and drying process was calculated by using a separate electricity meter.

[0102] The experiment was repeated three times, and the average value of the results was taken. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0103] Table 1. Processing time, energy consumption, component content, and antioxidant capacity of Fritillaria cirrhosa from Hubei Province using different methods.

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] Table 1 shows that the drying method provided by this invention has low processing energy consumption, high content of active ingredients, and strong antioxidant capacity. Specifically, the content of fritillary A is 0.21–0.27%, fritillary B is 0.24–0.30%, total phenols are 0.73–0.81 mg / g, total flavonoids are 1.76–1.86 mg / g, total nucleosides and nucleobases (9 types in total) are 1.76–1.88 mg / g, and total amino acids (17 types in total) are 112.98–135.66 mg / g. The antioxidant capacity of the processed Hubei fritillary was calculated, with DPPH value of 3.52–3.86 μmol / g (ascorbic acid equivalent), FRAP value of 4.14–4.58 μmol / g (ascorbic acid equivalent), and ABTS value of 2.07–3.05 mmol / g (water-soluble vitamin E equivalent). The energy consumption calculation for the processing of Fritillaria cirrhosa in Hubei Province is 1.72–1.84 kWh / kg.

[0107] Regarding slice thickness, while excessively thick slices do not significantly affect the drying quality of Hubei fritillaria, they severely impact drying efficiency and increase energy consumption (Comparative Example 1). However, if the slices are too thin, the fritillaria slices will suffer tissue damage during ultra-high pressure and ultrasonic treatment, leading to browning during drying and affecting the color of the fritillaria (Comparative Example 2). Therefore, the fritillaria slice thickness in Examples 1-4 has been experimentally verified to be the optimal parameter that balances energy consumption and browning rate.

[0108] The combined treatment of ultra-high pressure and ultrasound can expand the porous structure of fritillaria tissue, thereby facilitating the diffusion of tissue moisture and improving drying efficiency. Insufficient combined treatment intensity will not fully open the micropores within the fritillaria tissue, failing to achieve the goal of improving subsequent drying efficiency. Excessive combined treatment intensity can cause tissue collapse and cell rupture, leading to the loss and degradation of internally dissolved active ingredients, thus affecting the antioxidant effect. The treatment intensity in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 was milder than in the examples, and the drying time slightly reduced the whiteness of the fritillaria, which is related to the color changes caused by prolonged drying.

[0109] Segmented vacuum processing allows for a gradual balance of internal and external pressure differences, maintaining drying rate and uniformity. In Comparative Example 5, the vacuum level decreases more slowly, reducing drying efficiency and also affecting the dried color.

[0110] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drying method for improving the quality of fritillaria bulbs, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Fresh fritillaria bulbs were sliced ​​and then subjected to ultra-high pressure treatment, ultrasonic treatment, and vacuum drying to obtain dried fritillaria bulbs. The ultra-high pressure treatment is performed at a pressure of 200 MPa for 5–10 minutes. The ultrasonic treatment has a power of 250-300W and a duration of 25-30 minutes; The vacuum drying process is a three-stage drying process, including: the first stage with a vacuum pressure of 950–1000 Pa and a temperature of 15–25 °C, drying to a moisture content of 50 wt.%–55 wt.%; the second stage with a vacuum pressure of 250–300 Pa and a temperature of 40–45 °C, drying to a moisture content of 20 wt.%–30 wt.%; and the third stage with a vacuum pressure of 20 Pa and a temperature of 50 °C, drying to a moisture content ≤12 wt.%. The thickness of the slice is 0.6–1 cm; The improvement of mother quality includes increasing the content of fritillary acetyl and / or fritillary acetyl.

2. The drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fritillaria slices that underwent both ultra-high pressure treatment and ultrasonic treatment were sealed in ultra-high pressure packaging bags.

3. The drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fritillaria mentioned includes Hubei fritillaria.

4. The drying method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Hubei fritillaria mentioned includes 5-year-old Hubei fritillaria.

5. The drying method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Hubei Fritillaria mentioned above originates from Enshi, Hubei.

6. The drying method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The fresh fritillaria bulbs are pre-treated before slicing. The pre-treatment includes: removing the stems and leaves of the above-ground parts of the fresh fritillaria bulbs, rinsing them with clean water to remove mud and sand, and draining the surface moisture.

7. The application of the drying method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in increasing the content of functional components in Fritillaria cirrhosa.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The functional components include one or more of fritillary bulbin, total phenols, total flavonoids, a mixture of total nucleosides and nucleobases, and total amino acids.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fritillary compounds include fritillary A and / or fritillary B.

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