Methods, systems, and readable storage media for suppressing surface waves in converted waves

Abstract

This invention provides a method and system for suppressing surface waves in converted waves. The method includes acquiring a longitudinal wave and its converted form; acquiring the surface wave within the longitudinal wave; adjusting the phase of the surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal and converted waves; and subtracting the adjusted surface wave from the converted wave to suppress the surface wave within the converted wave, where the surface wave is the subtrahend. By acquiring and correcting the surface wave within the longitudinal wave to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave, the method effectively suppresses the surface wave in the converted wave, and the suppressed converted wave retains more effective reflection information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic wave technology, and more specifically, to a method, system, and readable storage medium for suppressing surface waves in converted waves. Background Technology

[0002] In seismic exploration for petroleum, surface waves are generally classified as interference waves, as they are considered to have little effect on the effective information of seismic data and may even interfere with useful reflected wave information. Therefore, how to quickly and effectively suppress surface waves has become an indispensable step in seismic data processing. Suppressing surface waves cleanly without damaging useful reflected waves is the goal pursued by seismic data processors.

[0003] Seismic exploration generates and receives body waves and surface waves. Body waves are divided into transverse and longitudinal waves. Body waves are seismic waves that are directly generated by the vibration of the earthquake source and propagate inside the Earth. Surface waves are actually secondary waves derived from body waves on the surface. Surface waves are generally classified into Rayleigh surface waves, Love waves, and mud surface waves. The surface waves received by onshore seismic exploration are generally Rayleigh surface waves.

[0004] Rayleigh surface waves exist on free surfaces, primarily propagating at the Earth's surface. They have the highest energy and a lower wave speed than body waves. The trajectory of a particle is the synthesis of two mutually perpendicular vibrations with a phase difference of π / 2 and a vibration ratio of 2:3, forming a counterclockwise rotating ellipse within the wave propagation plane. The amplitude of the particle vibration decreases with increasing depth, essentially "disappearing" at a depth of one wavelength.

[0005] In conventional P-wave exploration, the effective reflection velocity differs significantly from the surface wave velocity, and most of the effective reflection is distributed outside the surface wave triangle (30°). Figure 3 Methods for suppressing surface waves are well-established, with commonly used methods such as adaptive attenuation and internal tangent techniques showing good results and meeting data processing requirements. However, the characteristics of effectively reflected waves in converted waves differ significantly from those of longitudinal waves: the apparent velocity of effective reflection in converted waves is low, the difference between the apparent velocity of effective reflection and that of surface waves is small, and the main reflection information is concentrated within the surface wave region of 40°. Figure 4 The commonly used and mature adaptive attenuation method and internal tangent method in longitudinal waves do not have ideal results. After passing through the Rayleigh surface wave for filtering (30-60Hz), it can be seen that the separated Rayleigh surface wave has obvious effective reflection information, indicating that the effective information is damaged when suppressing the surface wave. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

[0007] Therefore, the first aspect of the present invention proposes a method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves.

[0008] A second aspect of the invention also proposes a surface wave suppression system in a converted wave.

[0009] A third aspect of the invention also proposes a surface wave suppression system in a converted wave.

[0010] A fourth aspect of the invention also proposes a readable storage medium.

[0011] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves, comprising: acquiring a longitudinal wave and a converted wave of the longitudinal wave; acquiring a surface wave in the longitudinal wave; adjusting the phase of the surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave; subtracting the adjusted surface wave from the converted wave to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave, wherein the surface wave is the subtrahend.

[0012] The method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves provided by this invention includes acquiring P-waves and their converted waves generated from the same seismic source; extracting the surface waves contained in the P-waves using existing technology; since there is an inherent phase difference between P-waves and their converted waves from the same seismic source, and the detected surface wave waveforms in the P-waves and converted waves are identical, the phase of the surface waves detected in the P-waves is adjusted, resulting in surface waves with waveforms substantially identical to those in the converted waves. The adjusted surface waves are then subtracted from the detected converted waves, thereby suppressing the surface waves in the converted waves. This method effectively suppresses surface waves in the converted waves of P-waves while retaining more effective reflection information. The reflected waves appear as hyperbolic patterns in single-shot records; generally, any roughly hyperbolic pattern observed in the records is considered valid information, ensuring the reliability of subsequent analysis results for the converted waves. This improves the accuracy of converted wave detection.

[0013] The method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves provided by the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0014] In some possible designs, the phase of the surface wave is adjusted based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave, specifically by correcting the phase of the surface wave by -90°.

[0015] In this design, based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave, the surface wave is adjusted. Specifically, a -90° phase correction is applied to the surface wave acquired from the longitudinal wave. Since there is an inherent phase difference between the longitudinal and converted waves, and the detected surface wave waveforms in both waves are essentially the same, phase correction is performed on the surface wave in the longitudinal wave. The correction magnitude and phase are determined based on the phase difference between the longitudinal and converted waves, ensuring that the surface wave acquired from the longitudinal wave is in phase identical to the surface wave in the converted wave after correction. When the phase-corrected surface wave is used to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave, it effectively suppresses the surface wave, and the suppressed converted wave retains more effective reflection information, ensuring the reliability of subsequent analysis results. This improves the accuracy of converted wave detection.

[0016] In some possible designs, surface waves in longitudinal waves are obtained, including: suppressing surface waves in longitudinal waves and separating the suppressed surface waves.

[0017] In this design, acquiring the surface wave within the longitudinal wave includes: suppressing the surface wave within the longitudinal wave and separating the suppressed surface wave. Specifically, commonly used adaptive attenuation methods or internal cutting methods can be selected for longitudinal waves. The surface wave is formed by comparing the acquired longitudinal wave with the detected longitudinal wave. Compared to directly applying adaptive attenuation methods or internal cutting methods to the converted wave, suppressing the surface wave within the converted wave by acquiring the surface wave within the longitudinal wave allows the converted wave to retain more effective reflection information.

[0018] In some possible designs, the surface waves in the longitudinal waves include Rayleigh surface waves, Love waves, and mud surface waves.

[0019] In some possible designs, the conversion wave includes PV conversion wave and / or PS conversion wave.

[0020] In this design, the converted wave includes a PV converted wave and / or a PS converted wave, which are converted waves in different directions from the same longitudinal wave. Specifically, the PV converted wave and the PS converted wave have the same phase difference with the longitudinal wave, and the surface waves in the PV converted wave and the PS converted wave can be suppressed by the adjusted surface waves.

[0021] In some possible designs, the steps for obtaining the longitudinal wave and its converted wave include: using a three-component detector to obtain the longitudinal wave and its converted wave.

[0022] In this design, a three-component detector is used to acquire the longitudinal wave and its converted wave. Detection using the three-component detector ensures that the surface wave waveforms in the detected longitudinal and converted waves are essentially identical. This guarantees that the surface wave acquired from the longitudinal wave effectively suppresses the surface wave in the converted wave, allowing the converted wave to retain more effective reflection information and ensuring the reliability of subsequent converted wave analysis results. This improves the accuracy of converted wave detection.

[0023] In some possible designs, the three components of a three-component detector are the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis.

[0024] In this design, the three components of the three-component detector are the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis, which ensures that longitudinal waves and converted waves can be detected simultaneously at a single detection point.

[0025] A second aspect of the present invention provides a system for suppressing surface waves in a converted wave, characterized in that it comprises: a waveform detection device for acquiring a longitudinal wave and a converted wave of the longitudinal wave; a waveform separation device for acquiring the surface wave in the longitudinal wave; a waveform adjustment device for adjusting the phase of the surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave; and a waveform suppression device for subtracting the adjusted surface wave from the converted wave to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave, wherein the surface wave is the subtrahend.

[0026] The surface wave suppression system in a converted wave provided by the second aspect of the present invention includes: a waveform detection device, a waveform separation device, a waveform adjustment device, and a waveform suppression device. The waveform detection device is used to acquire a longitudinal wave and its converted wave; the waveform separation device is used to acquire the surface wave in the longitudinal wave; the waveform adjustment device is used to adjust the phase of the surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave; and the waveform suppression device is used to subtract the adjusted surface wave from the converted wave to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave. Furthermore, since the surface wave suppression system in a converted wave provided by the present invention implements the steps of the surface wave suppression method in a converted wave provided by the first aspect of the present invention, the system possesses all the technical effects of the surface wave suppression method in a converted wave, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0027] A third aspect of the present invention provides a system for suppressing surface waves in converted waves, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps defined in the method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves of any of the above-described technical solutions.

[0028] The conversion wave surface wave suppression system provided by the technical solution of the present invention includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps defined in any of the aforementioned conversion wave surface wave suppression methods. Furthermore, since the conversion wave surface wave suppression system of this application can implement the steps defined in any of the aforementioned conversion wave surface wave suppression methods, the conversion wave surface wave suppression system provided by this technical solution possesses all the beneficial effects of the conversion wave surface wave suppression methods provided in any of the aforementioned technical solutions.

[0029] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a readable storage medium having a program and / or instructions stored thereon, wherein the program and / or instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves in any of the above-described technical solutions.

[0030] The readable storage medium provided by the technical solution of the present invention has all the beneficial technical effects of the above-described method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves when the program and / or instructions stored thereon are executed by a processor.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method for suppressing surface waves in a converted wave according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a surface wave suppression system in a converted wave according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the received longitudinal wave according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the received converted wave according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a conventional processing method for suppressing a converted wave according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of suppressing and separating Rayleigh surface waves using a conventional method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 7A schematic diagram of Rayleigh surface waves separated from longitudinal waves according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates a Rayleigh surface wave separated from a longitudinal wave and its suppression of the converted wave after the Rayleigh surface wave in a converted wave, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of Rayleigh surface wave filtering for PV-suppressed converted waves according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0042] in, Figures 1 to 9 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0043] 202 Waveform detection device, 204 Waveform splitting device, 206 Waveform adjustment device, 208 Waveform suppression device. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0045] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] The following reference Figures 1 to 9 A method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves according to some embodiments of the present invention is described.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention proposes a method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the specific implementation of the surface wave suppression method in converted waves is as follows:

[0049] S102, acquire the longitudinal wave and the converted longitudinal wave.

[0050] S104, obtain the surface wave in the longitudinal wave.

[0051] S106 adjusts the phase of the surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave.

[0052] S108 subtracts the adjusted surface wave from the converted wave to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave.

[0053] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves provided by the present invention includes acquiring a longitudinal wave and a converted wave of the longitudinal wave generated by the same seismic source, wherein... Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of longitudinal waves. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a converted wave; the surface wave 70 contained in the longitudinal wave is extracted using existing technology, such as... Figure 7 As shown, since there is an inherent phase difference between P-waves and their converted waves with the same source, and the surface wave waveforms detected in both P-waves and converted waves are identical, the phase of the surface wave detected in the P-wave is adjusted to obtain a phase-adjusted surface wave 72. The adjusted surface wave has a waveform essentially the same as the surface wave waveform contained in the converted wave. Subtracting the adjusted surface wave from the detected converted wave then suppresses the surface wave in the converted wave. This method effectively suppresses surface waves by suppressing the converted wave of the P-wave, as shown in the diagram. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The converted wave 80 and the effective region 90 of the converted wave after surface wave suppression by this method are shown to retain more effective reflection information, ensuring the reference value of subsequent analysis results of the converted wave. This improves the accuracy of converted wave detection.

[0054] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, conventional methods for suppressing surface waves in converted waves are not very effective and still affect the acquisition of valid information. Figure 5 As shown, the converted wave 50, which is suppressed by conventional methods, contains a considerable amount of effective information, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the longitudinal wave suppression region 60 has a better suppression effect on the surface wave, while the converted wave suppression region 62 still has a lot of effective information and cannot play a good suppression role.

[0055] In some possible designs, the phase of the surface wave is adjusted based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave, specifically by correcting the phase of the surface wave by -90°.

[0056] In this embodiment, such as Figure 8As shown, based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave, the specific implementation method for adjusting the surface wave involves performing a -90° phase correction on the surface wave obtained from the longitudinal wave. Since there is an inherent phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave, and the detected surface wave waveforms in both the longitudinal and converted waves are essentially the same, phase correction is applied to the surface wave in the longitudinal wave. The correction magnitude and phase are determined based on the phase difference between the longitudinal and converted waves, ensuring that the surface wave obtained from the longitudinal wave is in phase identical to the surface wave in the converted wave after correction. When the phase-corrected surface wave is used to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave, it effectively suppresses the surface wave in the converted wave, and the suppressed converted wave retains more effective reflection information, ensuring the reference value of subsequent analysis results of the converted wave. This improves the accuracy of converted wave detection.

[0057] In some possible designs, surface waves in longitudinal waves are obtained, including: suppressing surface waves in longitudinal waves and separating the suppressed surface waves.

[0058] In this embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, obtaining the surface wave in the P-wave includes: suppressing the surface wave 70 in the P-wave and separating the suppressed surface wave. Specifically, commonly used adaptive attenuation methods or internal cutting methods can be selected for P-waves. The surface wave is formed by comparing the obtained P-wave after suppressing the surface wave with the detected P-wave. Compared with directly applying adaptive attenuation methods or internal cutting methods to the converted wave, suppressing the surface wave in the converted wave by obtaining the surface wave in the P-wave can retain more effective reflection information.

[0059] In some possible designs, the surface waves in the longitudinal waves include Rayleigh surface waves, Love waves, and mud surface waves.

[0060] In some possible designs, the conversion wave includes PV conversion wave and / or PS conversion wave.

[0061] In some possible designs, the steps for obtaining the longitudinal wave and its converted wave include: using a three-component detector to obtain the longitudinal wave and its converted wave.

[0062] In this embodiment, a three-component detector is used to acquire the longitudinal wave and its converted wave. Detection using a three-component detector ensures that the surface wave waveforms in the detected longitudinal wave and converted wave are essentially identical. This guarantees that the surface wave acquired in the longitudinal wave can effectively suppress the surface wave in the converted wave, allowing the converted wave to retain more effective reflection information and ensuring the reliability of subsequent analysis results. This improves the accuracy of converted wave detection.

[0063] In some possible designs, the three components of a three-component detector are the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis.

[0064] In this embodiment, the three components of the three-component detector are the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis, which ensures that longitudinal waves and converted waves can be detected simultaneously at a single detection point.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] A specific implementation of a method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves is as follows:

[0067] Step 1: Sort the multi-wave digital data according to the three components X, Y, and Z, namely converted wave (PV), converted wave (PS), and longitudinal wave (PP);

[0068] Step 2: Apply the mature method of suppressing Rayleigh surface waves using longitudinal waves (PP) to suppress the surface waves in the longitudinal waves and separate the suppressed surface waves.

[0069] Step 3: Perform -90° phase correction on the surface waves separated in Step 2;

[0070] Step 4: Subtract the surface wave corrected in Step 3 from the converted wave (PV) to obtain the converted wave data that suppresses the surface wave.

[0071] Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 to collect all the data once, and you will get all the data on the converted wave suppressing the surface wave.

[0072] A second aspect of the present invention provides a system for suppressing surface waves in a converted wave, characterized in that it comprises: a waveform detection device 202 for acquiring a longitudinal wave and a converted wave of the longitudinal wave; a waveform separation device 204 for acquiring the surface wave in the longitudinal wave; a waveform adjustment device 206 for adjusting the phase of the surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave; and a waveform suppression device 208 for subtracting the adjusted surface wave from the converted wave to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave, wherein the surface wave is the subtrahend.

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, the surface wave suppression system in a converted wave according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a waveform detection device 202, a waveform separation device 204, a waveform adjustment device 206, and a waveform suppression device 208. The waveform detection device 202 is used to acquire the longitudinal wave and its converted wave; the waveform separation device 204 is used to acquire the surface wave in the longitudinal wave; the waveform adjustment device 206 is used to adjust the phase of the surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave; and the waveform suppression device 208 is used to subtract the adjusted surface wave from the converted wave to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave. Furthermore, since the surface wave suppression system in a converted wave provided by the embodiment of the present invention implements the steps of the surface wave suppression method in a converted wave provided in the first aspect of the present invention, the system possesses all the technical effects of the surface wave suppression method in a converted wave, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0074] A third aspect of the present invention provides a system for suppressing surface waves in converted waves, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps defined in the method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves of any of the above embodiments.

[0075] The surface wave suppression system for converted waves provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps defined in any of the aforementioned surface wave suppression methods for converted waves. Furthermore, since the surface wave suppression system for converted waves of this application can implement the steps defined in any of the aforementioned surface wave suppression methods for converted waves, the surface wave suppression system for converted waves provided in this embodiment possesses all the beneficial effects of the surface wave suppression methods for converted waves provided in any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0076] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a readable storage medium having a program and / or instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves in any of the above embodiments.

[0077] The readable storage medium provided according to embodiments of the present invention has all the beneficial technical effects of the above-described method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves when the program and / or instructions stored thereon are executed by a processor.

[0078] In this invention, the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "installed," "connected," "linked," and "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linked" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0079] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves, characterized in that, include: Obtain the longitudinal wave and the converted wave of the longitudinal wave; Obtain the surface wave in the longitudinal wave; The phase of the surface wave is adjusted based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave; The adjusted surface wave is subtracted from the converted wave to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave, wherein the surface wave is the subtrahend; The adjustment of the phase of the surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave specifically includes: The phase of the surface wave is corrected by -90°; The step of obtaining the surface wave in the longitudinal wave includes: Suppress the surface wave in the longitudinal wave, and separate the suppressed surface wave; The surface waves in the longitudinal waves include: Rayleigh surface waves, Love waves, and mud surface waves; The converted wave includes PV converted wave and / or PS converted wave.

2. The method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of acquiring the longitudinal wave and the converted wave of the longitudinal wave specifically include: A three-component detector is used to obtain the longitudinal wave and the converted wave of the longitudinal wave.

3. The method for suppressing surface waves in converted waves according to claim 2, characterized in that, The three components of the three-component detector are the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis.

4. A surface wave suppression system in a converted wave, characterized in that, include: A waveform detection device is used to acquire a longitudinal wave and a converted wave of the longitudinal wave; the converted wave includes a PV converted wave and / or a PS converted wave; A waveform separation device is used to acquire the surface wave in the longitudinal wave; the acquisition of the surface wave in the longitudinal wave includes: suppressing the surface wave in the longitudinal wave and separating the suppressed surface wave; the surface wave in the longitudinal wave includes: Rayleigh surface wave, Love wave and mud wave; A waveform adjustment device is used to adjust the phase of a surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave; the adjustment of the phase of the surface wave based on the phase difference between the longitudinal wave and the converted wave specifically includes: correcting the phase of the surface wave by -90°. A waveform suppression device is used to subtract the adjusted surface wave from the converted wave to suppress the surface wave in the converted wave, wherein the surface wave is the subtrahend.

5. A surface wave suppression system in a converted wave, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps defined in the method for suppressing surface waves in a converted wave as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores programs and / or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method for suppressing surface waves in a converted wave as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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