Highly breathable super-hydrophobic drag-reducing fabric and continuous preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a high-breathability super-hydrophobic drag-reducing fabric and a continuous preparation method thereof. The warp yarn and the weft yarn are respectively subjected to hydrophobic finishing and sizing, then the warp yarn and the weft yarn are subjected to weaving, desizing and cleaning, and the high-breathability super-hydrophobic drag-reducing fabric is prepared. Compared with the prior art, the material is subjected to super-hydrophobic finishing from the yarn end, then is subjected to sizing protection, weaving, desizing, cleaning and other processes, so that the final fabric can bind an air film layer under water, the wall frictional resistance generated by the interaction between the fabric surface and the fluid is reduced, and the drag-reducing effect is achieved; the super-hydrophobic finishing based on the yarn surface coating maximally retains the porous organizational structure of the final fabric, and the good breathability and wearing comfort of the drag-reducing fabric are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional fabric preparation technology, and in particular to a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, drag-reducing fabric and its continuous preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Swimming is a competitive sport where speed determines the champion. To gain even a 0.01-second advantage, athletes not only continuously improve their performance through scientific training, but also rely heavily on functional clothing. In swimwear manufacturing, overcoming water resistance is key to increasing speed; therefore, developing drag-reducing fabrics with superhydrophobic and highly breathable properties is crucial.

[0003] Superhydrophobic surfaces can trap gas films underwater, transforming part of the solid-liquid interface into a gas-liquid interface, and generating velocity slip at the gas-liquid interface to reduce flow resistance, thereby achieving drag reduction. Constructing superhydrophobic surfaces is considered a novel and efficient drag reduction method and has been widely applied in drag reduction for underwater vehicles such as ships and submarines. However, its application in drag-reducing swimwear fabrics is rarely reported.

[0004] Superhydrophobic fabrics are defined as fabrics with a static contact angle (WCA) of over 150° and a sliding angle (WSA) of less than 5° for water droplets. Based on biomimetic research, superhydrophobic fabrics have been achieved by constructing nanoscale rough surfaces or modifying fabric surfaces with low surface energy. However, current superhydrophobic modification techniques for fabrics primarily involve surface coatings. These techniques tend to close the fabric's structure (mainly its pore structure), leading to reduced breathability and decreased comfort. Furthermore, large-area continuous coatings on the fabric surface are prone to cracking during use, affecting the fabric's drag-reduction performance and significantly shortening its service life. In particular, in swimming competitions, frictional resistance mainly exists between the swimsuit surface and the water flow. During swimming, the surface of the swimsuit fabric is subjected to turbulent currents and fluctuating water speeds for extended periods, posing a significant challenge to the integrity of the hydrophobic coating and the durability of its drag-reduction performance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a novel superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric with high durability and breathability, along with its continuous fabrication method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, drag-reducing fabric and a continuous preparation method thereof.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a continuous preparation method for a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric, characterized in that the warp and weft yarns are first subjected to hydrophobic finishing and sizing, and then the warp and weft yarns are woven, desized, and washed to obtain a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric.

[0007] Preferably, the hydrophobic finishing agent used in the hydrophobic finishing process includes one or more of the following: fluorine-containing hydrophobic finishing agents, silicon-containing hydrophobic finishing agents, epoxy resin-based hydrophobic finishing agents, and nano-silica hydrophobic finishing agents.

[0008] Preferably, the concentration range of the hydrophobic finishing agent used in the hydrophobic finishing process is 5wt%-25wt%.

[0009] Preferably, the hydrophobic finishing process takes 10-90 minutes.

[0010] Preferably, the sizing agent used in the sizing process includes one or more of natural sizing agents, modified sizing agents, and synthetic sizing agents.

[0011] Preferably, the solids content of the slurry used in the sizing process is in the range of 10wt%-25wt%.

[0012] Preferably, the sizing process takes 10-90 minutes.

[0013] More preferably, the natural slurry includes starch and sodium alginate.

[0014] More preferably, the modified slurry includes soluble starch and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0015] More preferably, the synthetic slurry includes polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylate.

[0016] Preferably, the slurry used in the sizing process contains additives.

[0017] More preferably, the additives include antistatic agents, emulsifiers, softeners, and penetrants.

[0018] More preferably, the concentration range of the auxiliary agent is 1wt%-5wt%.

[0019] Preferably, the desizing process includes one or more of the following: enzymatic desizing, alkaline desizing, acid desizing, and oxidative desizing.

[0020] More preferably, the desizing process includes one or more of the following: enzymatic desizing (concentration range of 1.0-10.0 g / L), alkaline desizing (concentration range of 5.0-15.0 g / L), acid desizing (concentration range of 0.5-5.0 g / L), and oxidant desizing (concentration range of 1.0-25.0 g / L). An appropriate desizing method or combination thereof is selected according to the type of hydrophobic finishing agent, the composition of the slurry, and the desizing requirements.

[0021] Preferably, the desizing process takes 10-90 minutes.

[0022] Preferably, the warp and weft yarns are nylon-spandex covered yarns.

[0023] Preferably, the continuous preparation method is carried out using a fabric preparation system (continuous functional finishing-weaving device);

[0024] The fabric preparation system includes a hydrophobic finishing tank, a yarn sizing tank, a loom, a fabric desizing tank, a fabric washing tank, and a fabric collection device arranged in sequence.

[0025] Among them, the warp and weft yarns use a set of hydrophobic finishing tanks and yarn sizing tanks respectively, while sharing the loom, fabric desizing tank, fabric washing tank and fabric collection device.

[0026] The warp yarns pass through a water-repellent finishing tank and a yarn sizing tank in sequence before entering the loom. At the same time, the weft yarns pass through a water-repellent finishing tank and a yarn sizing tank in sequence before entering the loom. After the warp and weft yarns are woven in the loom to obtain a fabric, the fabric passes through a fabric desizing tank and a fabric washing tank in sequence before being collected by a fabric collection device.

[0027] More preferably, the hydrophobic finishing tank contains a hydrophobic finishing agent, the yarn sizing tank contains sizing agent, the fabric desizing tank contains a desizing agent, and the fabric washing tank contains clean water.

[0028] More preferably, the temperature range of the desizing agent in the fabric desizing tank is 25-100℃.

[0029] More preferably, the residence time of the yarn and fabric in the hydrophobic finishing tank, the yarn sizing tank, the fabric desizing tank, and the fabric washing tank is in the range of 10-90 minutes.

[0030] More preferably, a pre-drying box and a baking box are provided between the hydrophobic finishing tank and the yarn sizing tank, a pre-drying box and a baking box are provided between the yarn sizing tank and the loom, and a pre-drying box is provided between the fabric washing tank and the fabric collecting device.

[0031] More preferably, the temperature range of the pre-drying oven is 50-100℃, and the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the pre-drying oven 7 is 3-15 minutes.

[0032] More preferably, the temperature range of the baking oven is 110-180℃; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the baking oven 8 is 1-10 min.

[0033] Preferably, the yarn and fabric are moved in the fabric preparation system by conveying rollers.

[0034] The drag reduction mechanism of superhydrophobic fabrics can be explained by the velocity slip theory at the fabric-fluid interface. That is, a superhydrophobic surface can trap an air film layer underwater, transforming part of the solid-liquid interface into a gas-liquid interface, and generating velocity slip at the gas-liquid interface to reduce flow resistance. Therefore, this invention modifies swimwear fabrics to be superhydrophobic by introducing hydrophobic finishing agents. Hydrophobic finishing begins with the yarn, followed by yarn sizing, drag-reducing fabric weaving, and finally desizing and washing to obtain a durable, defect-free, and highly breathable superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric.

[0035] In this invention, the first step is the hydrophobic finishing of the yarn: various prepared hydrophobic finishing agents are applied to the finished yarn. This treatment enables individual yarns to exhibit high hydrophobicity and allows the hydrophobic agents to better bond with the yarn, preventing interlayer delamination. The second step is sizing the hydrophobic yarn: this step ensures that the hydrophobic layer on the yarn surface is not damaged during weaving; it also maintains the smoothness of the yarn, thereby improving its strength and cohesion, and enhancing its weaveability. After weaving, the third step is to desizing and washing the fabric, resulting in a durable, highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric.

[0036] A highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric was prepared using the aforementioned continuous preparation method.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. This invention applies a superhydrophobic finish to the material from the yarn end, followed by sizing, weaving, desizing, and washing processes. This allows the final fabric to bind an air film layer underwater, reducing the wall friction resistance generated by the interaction between the fabric surface and the fluid, thus achieving a drag reduction effect. The superhydrophobic finish based on the yarn surface coating preserves the porous structure of the final fabric to the maximum extent, ensuring good breathability and wearing comfort of the drag-reducing fabric.

[0039] 2. The warp and weft yarns involved in this invention are all treated with a multi-element hydrophobic finishing agent, and then subjected to processes such as sizing protection, weaving, desizing, and washing, so that the single yarn exhibits high hydrophobicity and allows the hydrophobic agent to better combine with the yarn, avoiding interlayer peeling. During the weaving process, the hydrophobic layer on the surface of the yarn is not damaged, while maintaining the smoothness of the yarn, thereby improving the strength and cohesion of the yarn and improving its weavability.

[0040] 3. The drag-reducing fabric involved in this invention does not have a closed fabric structure, thus ensuring the breathability and comfort of the fabric;

[0041] 4. The drag-reducing fabric of the present invention has a highly hydrophobic surface to meet the drag reduction requirements under complex water flow conditions, while ensuring the high breathability and wearing comfort of the fabric. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the continuous preparation process of the highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric of this invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1-Hydrophobic finishing tank; 2-Yarn sizing tank; 3-Loom; 4-Fabric desizing tank; 5-Fabric washing tank; 6-Fabric collection device; 7-Pre-drying oven; 8-Baking oven; 9-Warp yarn; 10-Weft yarn; 11-Highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The specific implementation of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to preferred embodiments. All implementation cases obtained based on the embodiments of the present invention, without obtaining other innovative results, are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] The continuous preparation of a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric mainly includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Preparation of hydrophobic finishing agent, including one or more of fluorine-containing hydrophobic finishing agents, silicon-containing hydrophobic finishing agents, epoxy resin-based hydrophobic finishing agents, and nano-silica hydrophobic finishing agents; the concentration range of the hydrophobic finishing agent is 5wt%-25wt%, and it is placed in hydrophobic finishing tank 1 for later use;

[0047] Step 2: Preparation of yarn sizing agent, including one or more of the following: natural sizing agents (starch, sodium alginate, etc.), modified sizing agents (soluble starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc.), and synthetic sizing agents (polyvinyl alcohol PVA, polyacrylate PA, etc.); the solid content of the sizing agent ranges from 10wt% to 25wt%; the additives added to the sizing agent include antistatic agents, emulsifiers, softeners, penetrants, etc., and the concentration of the additives ranges from 1wt% to 5wt%; the finally prepared sizing agent is placed in the yarn sizing sizing tank 2 for later use;

[0048] Step 3: Preparation of desizing agent. Methods include enzymatic desizing (concentration range 1.0-10.0 g / L), alkaline desizing (concentration range 5.0-15.0 g / L), acid desizing (concentration range 0.5-5.0 g / L), and oxidative desizing (concentration range 1.0-25.0 g / L). Based on the type of hydrophobic finishing agent in Step 1, the composition of the sizing agent in Step 2, and the desizing requirements, select an appropriate desizing method or a combination thereof. Place the prepared desizing agent in the fabric desizing tank 4 for later use.

[0049] Step 4: Fix the warp yarn 9 and weft yarn 10 to the continuous functional finishing-weaving device respectively. Figure 1Continuous hydrophobic finishing and fabric preparation are carried out on the fabric. Specifically, nylon-spandex covered yarn, preferably 2070 nylon-spandex covered yarn, is passed sequentially through a hydrophobic finishing tank 1, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, a yarn sizing tank 2, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, and a loom 3 to obtain a sized superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric 11; then the drag-reducing fabric 11 is passed sequentially through a fabric desizing tank 4, a fabric washing tank 5, and a pre-drying oven 7, and finally the fabric is collected on a fabric collection device 6 to obtain a highly breathable superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric.

[0050] The residence time of the yarn and fabric in the hydrophobic finishing tank 1, the yarn sizing tank 2, the fabric desizing tank 4, and the fabric washing tank 5 is 10-90 minutes.

[0051] The temperature range of the desizing agent in the desizing tank 4 is 25-100℃;

[0052] The temperature range of the pre-drying oven 7 is 50-100℃; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the pre-drying oven 7 is 3-15 min.

[0053] The temperature range of the baking oven 8 is 110-180℃; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the baking oven 8 is 1-10 min.

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the method of the present invention, the following typical embodiments are provided for detailed explanation. In the following embodiments, the hydrophobicity of the obtained high-breathability superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric is described by measuring the static contact angle (WCA) and sliding angle (WSA) of the water droplets on the high-breathability superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric obtained in each embodiment; the air permeability of the obtained high-breathability superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric is described by testing the high-breathability superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric obtained in each embodiment according to GB / T 5453.

[0055] Tests showed that the high-breathability, superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabrics prepared in each embodiment had a tensile elastic recovery rate of 76%-98% in chlorinated water (swimming pool water), and their drag-reducing performance was 12%-27% higher than that of conventional commercially available drag-reducing fabrics.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] The continuous preparation of a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric mainly includes the following steps:

[0058] (1) A hydrophobic finishing agent is prepared by mixing a fluorine-containing hydrophobic finishing agent and a silicon-containing hydrophobic finishing agent at a mass ratio of 1:1. The concentration of the prepared hydrophobic finishing agent is 10wt%, and it is placed in a hydrophobic finishing tank 1 for later use.

[0059] (2) Select starch as natural sizing agent and soluble starch as modified sizing agent, and prepare yarn sizing agent at a mass ratio of 1:2; the solid content of the sizing agent is 15wt%; at the same time, add 3wt% antistatic agent to the sizing agent and stir evenly; finally, place the prepared sizing agent in yarn sizing agent tank 2 for later use;

[0060] (3) Preparation of a heat-resistant amylase desizing agent with a concentration of 3.0 g / L: Under mechanical stirring, a certain amount of heat-resistant amylase is dissolved in water at 50°C, and then the prepared desizing agent is placed in the fabric desizing tank 4 for heat preservation and use.

[0061] (4) Fix the warp yarn 9 and weft yarn 10 respectively to the continuous functional finishing-weaving device ( Figure 1 Continuous hydrophobic finishing and fabric preparation are carried out on the fabric. Specifically, nylon-spandex covered yarn, preferably 2070 nylon-spandex covered yarn, is passed sequentially through a hydrophobic finishing tank 1, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, a yarn sizing tank 2, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, and a loom 3 to obtain a sized superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric 11; then the drag-reducing fabric 11 is passed sequentially through a fabric desizing tank 4, a fabric washing tank 5, and a pre-drying oven 7, and finally the fabric is collected on a fabric collection device 6 to obtain a highly breathable superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric.

[0062] The residence time of the yarn or fabric in the hydrophobic finishing tank 1, the yarn sizing tank 2, and the fabric washing tank 5 is 10 minutes.

[0063] The fabric stays in the fabric desizing tank 4 for 30 minutes;

[0064] The temperature of the pre-drying oven 7 is 65°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the pre-drying oven 7 is 4 minutes.

[0065] The temperature of the baking oven 8 is 120°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the baking oven 8 is 4 minutes.

[0066] (5) The fabric obtained in step (4) was subjected to a hydrophobicity test, and the WCA of the fabric was measured to be 158° and the WSA to be 4.5°.

[0067] (6) The fabric obtained in step (4) was subjected to an air permeability test according to GB / T 5453. Before the test, the sample was equilibrated for 4 hours in a standard atmospheric pressure environment with a temperature of 20±2℃ and a relative humidity of 65±2%; the same sample was measured repeatedly at different parts at least 10 times, and the measured air permeability of the fabric was 35±3.6mm / s; the tensile elastic recovery rate in chlorinated water (swimming pool water) was 87%, and the drag reduction performance was 21% higher than that of conventional commercially available drag-reducing fabrics.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] The continuous preparation of a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric mainly includes the following steps:

[0070] (1) A hydrophobic finishing agent is prepared by mixing fluorine-containing hydrophobic finishing agent and epoxy resin hydrophobic finishing agent at a mass ratio of 1:2. The concentration of the prepared hydrophobic finishing agent is 12wt%, and it is placed in hydrophobic finishing tank 1 for later use.

[0071] (2) Sodium alginate is selected as the natural sizing agent and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is selected as the synthetic sizing agent to prepare a yarn sizing agent at a mass ratio of 2:3; the solid content of the sizing agent is 12wt%; 2wt% penetrant is added to the sizing agent; finally, the prepared sizing agent is placed in the yarn sizing agent tank 2 for use.

[0072] (3) Preparation of alkaline desizing agent with sodium hydroxide concentration of 10g / L: Under the action of magnetic stirring, a certain amount of sodium hydroxide is dissolved in room temperature water. After it is completely dissolved, the desizing agent is heated to 80℃ and placed in the fabric desizing tank 4 for heat preservation and use.

[0073] (4) Fix the warp yarn 9 and weft yarn 10 respectively to the continuous functional finishing-weaving device ( Figure 1 Continuous hydrophobic finishing and fabric preparation are carried out on the fabric. Specifically, nylon-spandex covered yarn, preferably 2070 nylon-spandex covered yarn, is passed sequentially through a hydrophobic finishing tank 1, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, a yarn sizing tank 2, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, and a loom 3 to obtain a sized superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric 11; then the drag-reducing fabric 11 is passed sequentially through a fabric desizing tank 4, a fabric washing tank 5, and a pre-drying oven 7, and finally the fabric is collected on a fabric collection device 6 to obtain a highly breathable superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric.

[0074] The retention time of the yarn and fabric in the hydrophobic finishing tank 1, the yarn sizing tank 2, and the fabric washing tank 5 is 15 minutes.

[0075] The fabric stays in the fabric desizing tank 4 for 45 minutes;

[0076] The temperature of the pre-drying oven 7 is 80°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the pre-drying oven 7 is 3 minutes.

[0077] The temperature of the baking oven 8 is 130°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the baking oven 8 is 3 minutes.

[0078] (5) The fabric obtained in step (4) was subjected to a hydrophobicity test, and the WCA of the fabric was measured to be 162° and the WSA to be 3.5°.

[0079] (6) The air permeability of the fabric obtained in step (4) was tested according to GB / T 5453. Before the test, the sample was equilibrated for 4 hours in a standard atmospheric pressure environment with a temperature of 20±2℃ and a relative humidity of 65±2%; the same sample was measured repeatedly at different parts at least 10 times, and the measured air permeability of the fabric was 43±1.5mm / s; the tensile elastic recovery rate in chlorinated water (swimming pool water) was 83%, and the drag reduction performance was 18% higher than that of conventional commercial drag reduction fabrics.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] The continuous preparation of a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric mainly includes the following steps:

[0082] (1) A hydrophobic finishing agent is prepared by mixing a fluorine-containing hydrophobic finishing agent and a nano-silica hydrophobic finishing agent at a mass ratio of 2:3. The concentration of the prepared hydrophobic finishing agent is 15wt%, and it is placed in a hydrophobic finishing tank 1 for later use.

[0083] (2) Select soluble starch as the modified sizing agent and polyacrylate (PA) as the synthetic sizing agent to prepare a yarn sizing agent at a mass ratio of 2:3; the solid content of the sizing agent is 20 wt%; at the same time, add 2 wt% antistatic agent and 2 wt% emulsifier to the sizing agent; finally, place the prepared sizing agent in the yarn sizing agent tank 2 for later use;

[0084] (3) Preparation of alkaline desizing agent with sodium hydroxide concentration of 12g / L: Under the action of magnetic stirring, a certain amount of sodium hydroxide is dissolved in room temperature water. After complete dissolution, the desizing agent is heated to 80℃ and placed in fabric desizing tank 4 for heat preservation and use.

[0085] (4) Fix the warp yarn 9 and weft yarn 10 respectively to the continuous function finishing-weaving device ( Figure 1 Continuous hydrophobic finishing and fabric preparation are carried out on the fabric. Specifically, nylon-spandex covered yarn, preferably 2070 nylon-spandex covered yarn, is passed sequentially through a hydrophobic finishing tank 1, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, a yarn sizing tank 2, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, and a loom 3 to obtain a sized superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric 11; then the drag-reducing fabric 11 is passed sequentially through a fabric desizing tank 4, a fabric washing tank 5, and a pre-drying oven 7, and finally the fabric is collected on a fabric collection device 6 to obtain a highly breathable superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric.

[0086] The retention time of the yarn and fabric in the hydrophobic finishing tank 1, the yarn sizing tank 2, and the fabric washing tank 5 is 12 minutes.

[0087] The yarn and fabric remain in the fabric desizing tank 4 for 60 minutes.

[0088] The temperature of the pre-drying oven 7 is 65°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the pre-drying oven 7 is 8 minutes.

[0089] The temperature of the baking oven 8 is 110℃; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the baking oven 8 is 8 minutes.

[0090] (5) The fabric obtained in step (4) was subjected to a hydrophobicity test, and the WCA of the fabric was measured to be 165° and the WSA to be 4.0°.

[0091] (6) The air permeability of the fabric obtained in step (4) was tested according to GB / T 5453. Before the test, the sample was brought to equilibrium in a standard atmospheric pressure environment with a temperature of 20±2℃ and a relative humidity of 65±2%; the same sample was measured repeatedly at different parts at least 10 times, and the measured air permeability of the fabric was 32±0.8mm / s; the tensile elastic recovery rate in chlorinated water (swimming pool water) was 89%, and the drag reduction performance was 22% higher than that of conventional commercial drag reduction fabrics.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] The continuous preparation of a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric mainly includes the following steps:

[0094] (1) A hydrophobic finishing agent is prepared by mixing a silicon-containing hydrophobic finishing agent and an epoxy resin-based hydrophobic finishing agent at a mass ratio of 3:2. The concentration of the prepared hydrophobic finishing agent is 25wt%, and it is placed in a hydrophobic finishing tank 1 for later use.

[0095] (2) Select starch as natural sizing agent and carboxymethyl cellulose as modified sizing agent to prepare yarn sizing agent at a mass ratio of 2:3; the solid content of the sizing agent is 14wt%; then add 2wt% antistatic agent and 2wt% softener to the sizing agent; finally, place the prepared sizing agent in yarn sizing agent tank 2 for later use;

[0096] (3) Preparation of an acid- and heat-resistant amylase with a concentration of 6.0 g / L and a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 9.0 g / L: Under mechanical stirring, a certain amount of acid- and heat-resistant amylase and hydrogen peroxide are dissolved in room temperature water, and then the prepared desizing agent is placed in the fabric desizing tank 4 and kept at 80°C for later use.

[0097] (4) Fix the warp yarn 9 and weft yarn 10 respectively to the continuous functional finishing-weaving device ( Figure 1 Continuous hydrophobic finishing and fabric preparation are carried out on the fabric. Specifically, nylon-spandex covered yarn, preferably 2070 nylon-spandex covered yarn, is passed sequentially through a hydrophobic finishing tank 1, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, a yarn sizing tank 2, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, and a loom 3 to obtain a sized superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric 11; then the drag-reducing fabric 11 is passed sequentially through a fabric desizing tank 4, a fabric washing tank 5, and a pre-drying oven 7, and finally the fabric is collected on a fabric collection device 6 to obtain a highly breathable superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric.

[0098] The retention time of the yarn and fabric in the hydrophobic finishing tank 1, the yarn sizing tank 2, and the fabric washing tank 5 is 15 minutes.

[0099] The yarn and fabric remain in the fabric desizing tank 4 for 45 minutes.

[0100] The temperature of the pre-drying oven 7 is 65°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the pre-drying oven 7 is 5 minutes.

[0101] The temperature of the baking oven 8 is 130°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the baking oven 8 is 5 minutes.

[0102] (5) The fabric obtained in step (4) was subjected to a hydrophobicity test, and the WCA of the fabric was measured to be 155° and the WSA to be 3.8°.

[0103] (6) The air permeability of the fabric obtained in step (4) was tested according to GB / T 5453. Before the test, the sample was brought to equilibrium in a standard atmospheric pressure environment with a temperature of 20±2℃ and a relative humidity of 65±2%; the same sample was measured repeatedly at different parts at least 10 times, and the measured air permeability of the fabric was 27±0.7mm / s; the tensile elastic recovery rate in chlorinated water (swimming pool water) was 76%, and the drag reduction performance was 14% higher than that of conventional commercial drag reduction fabrics.

[0104] Example 5

[0105] The continuous preparation of a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric mainly includes the following steps:

[0106] (1) A hydrophobic finishing agent is prepared by mixing silicon-containing hydrophobic finishing agent and nano-silica hydrophobic finishing agent at a mass ratio of 1:1. The concentration of the prepared hydrophobic finishing agent is 15wt%, and it is placed in hydrophobic finishing tank 1 for later use.

[0107] (2) Select soluble starch modified sizing agent and polyvinyl alcohol PVA as synthetic sizing agent to prepare yarn sizing agent at a mass ratio of 2:3; the solid content of the sizing agent is 14wt%; at the same time, 4wt% softener is added to the sizing agent; finally, the prepared sizing agent is placed in yarn sizing agent tank 2 for use.

[0108] (3) Preparation of an alkaline-oxygen composite desizing agent with a sodium hydroxide concentration of 5.0 g / L and a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 10.0 g / L: Under the action of magnetic stirring, a certain amount of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide are dissolved in room temperature water, and then the prepared desizing agent is placed in the fabric desizing tank 4 and kept at 80°C for later use.

[0109] (4) Fix the warp yarn 9 and weft yarn 10 respectively to the continuous functional finishing-weaving device ( Figure 1 Continuous hydrophobic finishing and fabric preparation are carried out on the fabric. Specifically, nylon-spandex covered yarn, preferably 2070 nylon-spandex covered yarn, is passed sequentially through a hydrophobic finishing tank 1, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, a yarn sizing tank 2, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, and a loom 3 to obtain a sized superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric 11; then the drag-reducing fabric 11 is passed sequentially through a fabric desizing tank 4, a fabric washing tank 5, and a pre-drying oven 7, and finally the fabric is collected on a fabric collection device 6 to obtain a highly breathable superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric.

[0110] The retention time of the yarn and fabric in the hydrophobic finishing tank 1, the yarn sizing tank 2, and the fabric washing tank 5 is 15 minutes.

[0111] The yarn and fabric remain in the fabric desizing tank 4 for 90 minutes.

[0112] The temperature of the pre-drying oven 7 is 75°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the pre-drying oven 7 is 5 minutes.

[0113] The temperature of the baking oven 8 is 130°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the baking oven 8 is 5 minutes.

[0114] (5) The fabric obtained in step (4) was subjected to a hydrophobicity test, and the WCA of the fabric was measured to be 166° and the WSA to be 3.5°.

[0115] (6) The air permeability of the fabric obtained in step (4) was tested according to GB / T 5453. Before the test, the sample was brought to equilibrium in a standard atmospheric pressure environment with a temperature of 20±2℃ and a relative humidity of 65±2%; the same sample was measured repeatedly at different parts at least 10 times, and the measured air permeability of the fabric was 48±2.5mm / s; the tensile elastic recovery rate in chlorinated water (swimming pool water) was 91%, and the drag reduction performance was 26% higher than that of conventional commercial drag reduction fabrics.

[0116] Example 6

[0117] The continuous preparation of a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric mainly includes the following steps:

[0118] (1) A hydrophobic finishing agent is prepared by mixing epoxy resin hydrophobic finishing agent and nano silica hydrophobic finishing agent at a mass ratio of 1:1. The concentration of the prepared hydrophobic finishing agent is 14wt%, and it is placed in hydrophobic finishing tank 1 for later use.

[0119] (2) Sodium alginate was selected as the natural sizing agent and soluble starch was selected as the modified sizing agent to prepare a yarn sizing agent; the solid content of the sizing agent was 16wt%; at the same time, 3wt% of antistatic agent was added to the sizing agent; finally, the prepared sizing agent was placed in the yarn sizing agent tank 2 for use.

[0120] (3) Preparation of alkali-enzyme composite desizing agent with sodium hydroxide concentration of 6.0 g / L and alkali-resistant and high-temperature resistant amylase concentration of 10.0 g / L: Under the action of magnetic stirring, a certain amount of sodium hydroxide and alkali-resistant and high-temperature resistant amylase are dissolved in room temperature water, and then the prepared desizing agent is placed in fabric desizing tank 4 and kept at 60°C for later use.

[0121] (4) Fix the warp yarn 9 and weft yarn 10 respectively to the continuous functional finishing-weaving device ( Figure 1 Continuous hydrophobic finishing and fabric preparation are carried out on the fabric. Specifically, nylon-spandex covered yarn, preferably 2070 nylon-spandex covered yarn, is passed sequentially through a hydrophobic finishing tank 1, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, a yarn sizing tank 2, a pre-drying oven 7, a baking oven 8, and a loom 3 to obtain a sized superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric 11; then the drag-reducing fabric 11 is passed sequentially through a fabric desizing tank 4, a fabric washing tank 5, and a pre-drying oven 7, and finally the fabric is collected on a fabric collection device 6 to obtain a highly breathable superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric.

[0122] The retention time of the yarn and fabric in the hydrophobic finishing tank 1, the yarn sizing tank 2, and the fabric washing tank 5 is 12 minutes.

[0123] The yarn and fabric remain in the fabric desizing tank 4 for 75 minutes.

[0124] The temperature of the pre-drying oven 7 is 80°C; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the pre-drying oven 7 is 5 minutes.

[0125] The temperature of the baking oven 8 is 150℃; the residence time of the yarn or fabric in the baking oven 8 is 5 minutes.

[0126] (5) The fabric obtained in step (4) was subjected to a hydrophobicity test, and the WCA of the fabric was measured to be 163° and the WSA to be 3.0°.

[0127] (6) The air permeability of the fabric obtained in step (4) was tested according to GB / T 5453. Before the test, the sample was brought to equilibrium in a standard atmospheric pressure environment with a temperature of 20±2℃ and a relative humidity of 65±2%; the same sample was measured repeatedly at different parts at least 10 times, and the measured air permeability of the fabric was 46±3.2mm / s; the tensile elastic recovery rate in chlorinated water (swimming pool water) was 80%, and the drag reduction performance was 20% higher than that of conventional commercially available drag-reducing fabrics.

[0128] Comparative Example 1

[0129] (1) A commercially available fabric with a superhydrophobic surface coating was used as Comparative Example 1. The high-permeability superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric prepared in Example 5 was subjected to hydrophobicity testing, and the WCA of the fabric was measured to be 166° and the WSA to be 3.5. For a commercially available fabric with a superhydrophobic surface coating, the hydrophobicity test was also performed, and the WCA of the commercially available fabric was measured to be 151° and the WSA to be 8.5°.

[0130] (2) The air permeability of the high-permeability superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric prepared in Example 5 was tested according to GB / T 5453, and the measured air permeability of the fabric was 48±2.5mm / s. For commercially available fabrics with superhydrophobic surface coatings, the air permeability was also tested, and the air permeability of the commercially available fabrics was 5±3.5mm / s.

[0131] (3) The highly breathable superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric prepared in Example 5 was tested in chlorinated water (swimming pool water). The tensile elastic recovery rate was 91%. For commercially available fabrics with superhydrophobic surface coatings, the tensile elastic recovery rate of the commercially available fabrics was 66% in the same chlorinated water (swimming pool water) test.

[0132] (4) Based on the above steps, it can be seen that the high-permeability superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric prepared in Example 5 has a larger WCA value, a smaller WSA value, a higher air permeability and a larger tensile elastic recovery rate than the conventional commercially available fabric surface coating modified with superhydrophobicity in Comparative Example 1.

[0133] (5) Table 1 shows the specific values ​​of hydrophobicity, air permeability, and tensile elastic recovery rate of the high-breathability superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabrics prepared in Examples 1-6 and the fabrics with superhydrophobic modification of the surface coating of conventional commercially available fabrics in Comparative Example 1:

[0134]

[0135] (6) As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the high-permeability superhydrophobic drag-reducing fabric prepared by the preparation method described in this invention has excellent hydrophobic, breathable and drag-reducing properties.

[0136] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous preparation method for a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, drag-reducing fabric, characterized in that, First, the warp and weft yarns are treated with hydrophobic finishing and sizing, and then the warp and weft yarns are woven, desized, and washed to produce a highly breathable, superhydrophobic, and drag-reducing fabric. The hydrophobic finishing agent used in the hydrophobic finishing process includes one or more of the following: fluorinated hydrophobic finishing agents, silicon-containing hydrophobic finishing agents, epoxy resin hydrophobic finishing agents, and nano-silica hydrophobic finishing agents. The concentration range of the hydrophobic finishing agent is 5wt%-25wt%; The hydrophobic finishing process takes 10-90 minutes; The continuous preparation method is carried out using a fabric preparation system; The fabric preparation system includes a hydrophobic finishing tank (1), a yarn sizing tank (2), a loom (3), a fabric desizing tank (4), a fabric washing tank (5), and a fabric collection device (6) arranged in sequence. Among them, the warp and weft yarns use a set of hydrophobic finishing tank (1) and yarn sizing tank (2) respectively, and share a loom (3), fabric desizing tank (4), fabric washing tank (5) and fabric collection device (6). The warp yarns pass through the hydrophobic finishing tank (1) and the yarn sizing tank (2) in sequence before entering the loom (3). At the same time, the weft yarns pass through the hydrophobic finishing tank (1) and the yarn sizing tank (2) in sequence before entering the loom (3). After the warp and weft yarns are woven in the loom (3) to obtain the fabric, the fabric passes through the fabric desizing tank (4) and the fabric washing tank (5) in sequence before being collected by the fabric collection device (6). A pre-drying chamber (7) and a baking chamber (8) are provided between the hydrophobic finishing tank (1) and the yarn sizing slurry tank (2), and a pre-drying chamber (7) and a baking chamber (8) are provided between the yarn sizing slurry tank (2) and the loom (3). A pre-drying chamber (7) is provided between the fabric washing tank (5) and the fabric collecting device (6). The temperature range of the pre-drying chamber (7) is 50-100℃. The temperature range of the baking chamber (8) is 110-180℃.

2. The continuous preparation method of the high-breathability, superhydrophobic, drag-reducing fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sizing agent used in the sizing process includes one or more of the following: natural sizing agent, modified sizing agent, and synthetic sizing agent. The solid content of the slurry ranges from 10wt% to 25wt%. The sizing process takes 10-90 minutes.

3. The continuous preparation method of the high-breathability, superhydrophobic, drag-reducing fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that, The natural slurry includes starch and sodium alginate; The modified slurry includes soluble starch and carboxymethyl cellulose; The synthetic slurry includes polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylate.

4. The continuous preparation method of the high-breathability, superhydrophobic, drag-reducing fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slurry used in the sizing process contains additives; The additives include antistatic agents, emulsifiers, softeners, and penetrants; The concentration range of the additive is 1wt%-5wt%.

5. The continuous preparation method of the high-breathability, superhydrophobic, drag-reducing fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The desizing process includes one or more of the following: enzymatic desizing, alkaline desizing, acid desizing, and oxidative desizing. The desizing process takes 10-90 minutes.

6. The continuous preparation method of the high-breathability, superhydrophobic, drag-reducing fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The warp and weft yarns are nylon-spandex covered yarns.

7. A highly breathable, superhydrophobic, drag-reducing fabric, characterized in that, It is prepared using the continuous preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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