A method for ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing of a guide rail surface self-lubricating structure

Abstract

This invention discloses an ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for a self-lubricating structure on a guide rail surface. The planar self-lubricating structure has a simple shape and can still play a lubricating role under low-speed conditions. Moreover, it does not require the processing of micro-textures on the guide rail surface. Instead, it directly uses ultraviolet light of a certain wavelength to irradiate the liquid resin, which rapidly polymerizes into a solid state. The processing technology is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. It has a fast curing speed, high curing degree, low curing energy consumption, low required curing temperature, strong controllability, high precision and repeatability, and can overcome the defects of traditional curing methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of friction and drag reduction technology, specifically relating to an ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for a self-lubricating structure on a guide rail surface. Background Technology

[0002] Linear guides are commonly used in various high-precision mechanical equipment, but the creeping phenomenon during their operation can affect the operational accuracy of the mechanism. Creeping refers to the periodic, intermittent movement or fluctuating speed of the driven component in a sliding guide under uniform speed driving and certain friction conditions. Currently, surface texturing or texturing-filled solid lubricant methods are used to address the creeping phenomenon in linear guides. For example, the published application number CN201710807560.1, entitled "A Surface Texturing Method to Improve the Wear Resistance of Guide Rails in Sand Core Molding Machines," demonstrates how sufficient relative sliding speed between surface textures allows for lubrication through a hydrodynamic oil film, thereby resolving the creeping problem. However, the surface texture requires the formation of a hydrodynamic oil film at high speeds to achieve effective hydrodynamic lubrication, which is unsuitable for the low-speed operation of linear guides. The currently published application (CN201610148070.0), entitled "A Method for Solid Lubrication Treatment of Guide Rail Surface with Laser Microtexture," employs subtractive manufacturing. It involves machining pits on the material surface to form a surface texture, then filling the surface texture with solid lubricant material and preparing a composite lubrication structure through thermosetting to solve the creeping problem. However, the thermopressing filling method used in this application results in poor filling effect. Subtractive manufacturing of self-lubricating structures requires machining microtextures on the guide rail surface, which not only consumes a large amount of energy but also has adverse environmental impacts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: This invention provides a planar self-lubricating structure ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method that can provide lubrication under low-speed conditions without the need to process microtextures on the guide rail surface, allowing liquid resin to rapidly polymerize into a solid state.

[0004] Technical Solution: The present invention proposes a self-lubricating structure for a guide rail surface, characterized in that the self-lubricating structure is a mesh-like cross-sectional structure or a striped cross-sectional structure; the mesh-like cross-sectional structure includes two sets of intersecting elongated cross-sections of equal width, and the elongated cross-sections in each set are parallel to each other; the striped cross-sectional structure includes several parallel elongated cross-sections of equal width; the thickness of the self-lubricating structure is 0.02-0.2 mm, and the spacing between each parallel elongated cross-section in the self-lubricating structure is 0.02-2 mm;

[0005] The self-lubricating structural material comprises a solid lubricant, a photocuring agent, a diluent, and a photoinitiator, with a mass fraction ratio of (30–60):(20–35):(20–35):(1–3); wherein the solid lubricant comprises molybdenum disulfide and graphene oxide, with a mass fraction ratio of (1–1.5):(1–1.5) in the solid lubricant.

[0006] Preferably, in the mesh-like cross-sectional structure, the width d1 of the elongated cross-section is equal to the spacing width d2 between the parallel elongated cross-sections, with a value ranging from 0.02 to 3 mm; the included angle θ1 between two intersecting elongated cross-sections ranges from 30 to 90°; and the included angle θ2 between a single elongated cross-section and the horizontal direction ranges from 30 to 90°.

[0007] In the striped cross-sectional structure, the width d3 of the long strip cross-section is equal to the width d4 of the distance between two adjacent long strip cross-sections, and the value ranges from 0.02 to 3 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the photocuring agent is 621A-80 type epoxy acrylate, bisphenol F type epoxy resin Epon862 or epoxy resin 618, the photoinitiator is 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone (1173), 4-isobutylphenyl-4'-methylphenyliodohexafluorophosphate or 4-(phenylthio)phenyldiphenylthionium hexafluorophosphate, and the diluent is ethyl acetate, acetic acid or acetone; the particle size of the molybdenum disulfide is 50-3000 nm, and the particle size of the graphene oxide is 200-2000 nm.

[0009] A method for ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing of a self-lubricating structure on a guide rail surface includes the following steps:

[0010] (1) Preparation of self-lubricating materials: Molybdenum disulfide and graphene oxide were selected as solid lubricants. The solid lubricant, photocuring agent, diluent and photoinitiator were mixed to obtain self-lubricating materials.

[0011] (2) Spreading of self-lubricating material on the guide rail surface: Apply an excessive amount of self-lubricating material to the guide rail surface, adjust the height of the extrusion roller, and spread the self-lubricating material evenly on the guide rail surface through the reciprocating motion of the roller.

[0012] (3) UV interference curing of self-lubricating materials: When the self-lubricating structure is a striped cross-sectional structure, the guide rail with the self-lubricating material evenly spread is fixed on the screen. The distance between the multi-slit plate and the surface of the block sample is adjusted according to the width requirement of the self-lubricating structure. The light slit is irradiated with a UV lamp. The UV light passes through the light slit and interference occurs, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail. Curing is completed at the bright stripes. When the self-lubricating structure is a mesh-like cross-sectional structure, the guide rail with the self-lubricating material evenly spread is fixed on the screen. The distance between the multi-slit plate and the surface of the block sample is adjusted according to the width requirement of the self-lubricating structure. The light slit is irradiated with a UV lamp. The UV light passes through the light slit and interference occurs, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail. Curing is completed at the bright stripes. Then, the guide rail is rotated at a certain angle with the normal of the processing plane as the reference axis. The value range is 30 to 90°. The light slit is irradiated with a UV lamp. The UV light passes through the light slit and interference occurs, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail. Curing is completed at the bright stripes.

[0013] (4) Removal of uncured material: After curing, place the guide rail in an alcohol solution and use ultrasonic vibration to remove the uncured self-lubricating material.

[0014] Preferably, the self-lubricating material spreading area in step (2) needs to be determined according to the shape of the guide rail: (1) for pulley-type linear guide rails, the self-lubricating material spreading area is the part of the pulley-type linear guide rail that is in frictional contact with the pulley; (2) for double-row cylindrical roller linear guide rails, the self-lubricating material spreading area is the part of the double-row cylindrical roller linear guide rail that is in frictional contact with the cylindrical roller; (3) for double-row ball linear guide rails, the self-lubricating material spreading area is the part of the double-row ball linear guide rail that is in frictional contact with the ball; (4) for micro-sliding friction linear guide rails, the self-lubricating material spreading area is the part of the micro-sliding friction linear guide rail that is in frictional contact with the inside sides of the micro-sliding friction slider.

[0015] Preferably, step (3) further includes rotating the guide rail by a certain angle with the normal of the processing plane as the reference axis, the value range being 30 to 90°, and using an ultraviolet lamp to irradiate the light slit. The ultraviolet light passes through the light slit and causes interference, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail, and the bright stripes are cured.

[0016] Preferably, in step (3), the slit width is 0.02–2 mm, the center distance between the double slits is 0.1–10 mm, and the ultraviolet light intensity is 1000–1200 mW / cm². 2 The wavelength range is 315–400 nm, and the curing time is 10–60 s.

[0017] Preferably, in step (3), based on the double-slit interference principle, the relationship between the distance D between the double-slit plate and the surface of the block sample, the center distance d of the double slits, the wavelength λ, and the interference fringe spacing Δx is as follows:

[0018] Preferably, the spacing of the self-lubricating structures is 0.8–2 mm in machining, and the number of interference slits is 2–5; the spacing of the self-lubricating structures is 0.2–0.8 mm in machining, and the number of interference slits is 5–10; the spacing of the self-lubricating structures is 0.02–0.2 mm in machining, and the number of interference slits is 10–20.

[0019] Preferably, for the pulley-type linear guide, the interference method is double-slit interference, the interference fringe spacing is 1 mm, and the distance between the slit plate and the surface of the block sample is uniquely determined to be 500 mm; for the double-row cylindrical roller linear guide and the double-row ball linear guide, the interference method is double-slit interference, the interference fringe spacing is 1.5 mm, and the distance between the slit plate and the surface of the block sample is uniquely determined to be 750 mm; for the miniature sliding friction linear guide, the interference method is ten-slit interference, the interference fringe spacing is 0.2 mm, and the distance between the slit plate and the surface of the block sample is uniquely determined to be 100 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the ultrasonic oscillation time in step (4) is 180-300s.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The beneficial effects of the ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for a planar self-lubricating structure described in this invention are as follows: (1) The additive manufacturing method for the self-lubricating structure changes the traditional manufacturing method of filling solid lubricating materials into the texture to form a composite lubricating structure. It does not require material removal, saves processing costs, is conducive to remanufacturing, and protects the environment.

[0022] (2) The self-lubricating structure manufactured by subtractive manufacturing requires the loss of the substrate to drive the release of solid lubricating material, resulting in a slow release rate of solid lubricating material. In contrast, the self-lubricating structure manufactured by additive manufacturing has solid lubricating material added to the curing agent. After curing, the hardness of the self-lubricating structure is much lower than that of the substrate itself. The decrease in hardness helps the solid lubricating material to be released better, improves the release rate, and enhances the friction reduction, wear resistance and lubrication effect.

[0023] (3) Compared with traditional thermal curing methods, the UV curing technology used has a faster curing speed, a single processing time of 10-30s, a higher degree of curing, lower curing energy consumption, no volatile solvents in the curing material, is more environmentally friendly, requires a lower curing temperature, is suitable for substrates that are not resistant to high temperatures, is easy to operate, has strong controllability, and has high precision and repeatability.

[0024] (4) The multi-slit interference light curing method adopted can calculate the distance from the light slit plate to the guide rail surface by formula according to the requirement of the width of the self-lubricating structure. At the same time, only the distance from the light slit plate to the guide rail surface needs to be adjusted to generate the required bright and dark interference fringes. The scale is controllable and the precision is high.

[0025] (5) The planar self-lubricating structure adopted in this invention reduces the direct contact area between the guide rails and can store lubricating oil and wear debris, which can effectively prevent crawling. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing of a planar self-lubricating structure according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of forming bright and dark fringes by ultraviolet double-slit interference in this invention and the self-lubricating structure after processing;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the actual working condition of the pulley-type linear guide with a planar self-lubricating structure attached in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the effect after cleaning the self-lubricating planar structure of the pulley-type linear guide rail in Example 1.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the fabrication method of the planar self-lubricating structure of the pulley-type linear guide rail in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the actual working condition of the double-row cylindrical roller linear guide with a planar self-lubricating structure attached in Example 2;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the effect after cleaning of the double-row cylindrical roller linear guide planar self-lubricating structure in Example 2;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the fabrication method of the planar self-lubricating structure of the double-row cylindrical roller linear guide in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the actual working condition of the double-row ball linear guide with a planar self-lubricating structure in Example 3;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the effect after cleaning of the self-lubricating planar structure of the double-row ball linear guide in Example 3.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating the fabrication method of the planar self-lubricating structure of the double-row ball linear guide in Example 3;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the actual working condition of the miniature sliding friction linear guide with a planar self-lubricating structure attached in Example 4;

[0038] Figure 13This is a diagram showing the effect after cleaning of the micro sliding friction linear guide planar self-lubricating structure in Example 4;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating the fabrication method of the planar self-lubricating structure of the miniature sliding friction linear guide rail in Example 4. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following describes specific embodiments and corresponding appendices. Figure 1 and 2 The present invention will be further described in detail below. The four specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0041] Example 1: Ultraviolet Interference Additive Manufacturing Method for Planar Self-Lubricating Structure of Pulley-Type Linear Guide

[0042] like Figure 3-5 The diagram shown is a schematic of the actual working condition of a pulley-type linear guide with a planar self-lubricating structure.

[0043] The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for a pulley-type linear guide planar self-lubricating structure comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Preparation of self-lubricating material: Molybdenum disulfide particles with a particle size of 50 nm and graphene oxide particles with a particle size of 200 nm were selected as solid lubricating materials, with a mass fraction ratio of 1.2:1.2. Epoxy acrylate of type 621A-80 was selected as a photocuring agent, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone (1173) was selected as a photoinitiator, and ethyl acetate was selected as a diluent. The solid lubricating material, curing agent, diluent and photoinitiator were thoroughly mixed in a mass fraction ratio of 35:25:25:2.

[0045] (2) Spreading of self-lubricating material on the guide rail surface: Apply an excessive amount of evenly mixed self-lubricating material to the surface of guide rail 5a-5 (5b-5). Adjust the height of the extrusion roller, and spread the self-lubricating material in the center of the guide rail 5a-5 (5b-5) surface with a width of 3mm through the reciprocating motion of the roller, ensuring that the thickness of the self-lubricating material is about 0.2mm.

[0046] (3) UV interference curing of self-lubricating material: The width Δx of the self-lubricating structure is determined to be 1 mm. The width of the gap in the double-slit plate 5a-3 (5b-3) is selected to be 0.02 mm, the center distance d between the double slits is 0.2 mm, and the light intensity of the UV lamp 5a-1 (5b-1) is selected to be 1000 mW / cm2 with a wavelength λ of 400 nm. Based on the center distance d between the double slits, the wavelength λ, and the interference fringe spacing (spacing of the self-lubricating structure) Δx, the distance D from the double-slit plate to the guide rail surface can be calculated to be 500 mm. The guide rail 5a-5 (5b-5) with the self-lubricating material evenly spread is fixed. The surface to be processed, 5a-4, is placed at the calculated position. The double slits are irradiated with UV lamp 5a-1 for 40 s. The UV light 5a-2 passes through the double slits and interference occurs, forming bright and dark fringes on the surface of the guide rail 5a-5 with the self-lubricating material evenly spread. The positions of the bright fringes are as follows: Figure 5 As shown in Figure a, the self-lubricating material at the bright stripe area has been cured. Then, the guide rail is rotated 90°, and the surface to be processed, 5b-4, is placed at the calculated position. The double slits are irradiated with ultraviolet lamp 5b-1 for 40 seconds. The ultraviolet light 5b-2 interferes through the double slits, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail 5b-5 where the self-lubricating material is evenly spread. The positions of the bright stripes are as follows: Figure 5 As shown in b, the self-lubricating material at the bright stripe area has completed curing.

[0047] (4) Removal of uncured material: After curing, place the guide rail in an alcohol solution and use ultrasonic oscillation to remove the uncured self-lubricating material (dark stripes). The ultrasonic oscillation time is 300s.

[0048] The same method is used to process the planar self-lubricating structure of the other guide rail.

[0049] Example 2: Ultraviolet Interference Additive Manufacturing Method for a Planar Self-Lubricating Structure of a Double-Row Cylindrical Roller Linear Guide

[0050] like Figure 6-8 The diagram shown is a schematic of the actual working condition of a double-row cylindrical roller linear guide with a planar self-lubricating structure.

[0051] The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for a planar self-lubricating structure of a double-row cylindrical roller linear guide comprises the following steps:

[0052] (1) Preparation of self-lubricating material: Molybdenum disulfide particles with a particle size of 50 nm and graphene oxide particles with a particle size of 200 nm were selected as solid lubricating materials, with a mass fraction ratio of 1.5:1. Epoxy acrylate of type 621A-80 was selected as a photocuring agent, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone (1173) was selected as a photoinitiator, and ethyl acetate was selected as a diluent. The solid lubricating material, curing agent, diluent and photoinitiator were thoroughly mixed in a mass fraction ratio of 30:20:20:1.

[0053] (2) Spreading of self-lubricating material on the guide rail surface: Apply an excessive amount of evenly mixed self-lubricating material to the surface of guide rail 8a-5 (8b-5). Adjust the height of the extrusion roller, and through the reciprocating motion of the roller, spread the self-lubricating material on both sides of guide rail 8a-5 (8b-5) at the mating surfaces with the cylindrical rollers, ensuring that the thickness of the self-lubricating material is about 0.2 mm.

[0054] (3) UV interference curing of self-lubricating material: The width Δx of the self-lubricating structure is determined to be 1.5 mm. The width of the gap in the double-slit plate 8a-3 (8b-3) is 0.02 mm, the center distance d between the double slits is 0.2 mm, and the light intensity of the UV lamp 8a-1 (8b-1) is 1000 mW / cm2 with a wavelength λ of 400 nm. Based on the center distance d between the double slits, the wavelength λ, and the interference fringe spacing (spacing of the self-lubricating structure) Δx, the distance D from the double-slit plate to the guide rail surface can be calculated to be 750 mm. The guide rail 8a-5 (8b-5) with the self-lubricating material evenly spread is fixed. The surface to be processed, 8a-4, is placed at the calculated position. The double slits are irradiated with UV lamp 8a-1 for 40 s. The UV light 8a-2 passes through the double slits and interferes, forming bright and dark fringes on the surface of the guide rail 8a-5 with the self-lubricating material evenly spread. The positions of the bright fringes are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the self-lubricating material at the bright stripes has cured. Then, the guide rail is rotated 90°, and the surface to be processed, 8b-4, is placed at the calculated position. The double slits are irradiated with ultraviolet lamp 8b-1 for 40 seconds. The ultraviolet light 8b-2 interferes through the double slits, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail 8b-5 where the self-lubricating material is evenly spread. The positions of the bright stripes are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the self-lubricating material at the bright stripe area has completed curing.

[0055] (4) Removal of uncured material: After curing, place the guide rail in an alcohol solution and use ultrasonic oscillation to remove the uncured self-lubricating material (dark stripes). The ultrasonic oscillation time is 300s.

[0056] The same method is used to process the planar self-lubricating structure of the other guide rail.

[0057] Example 3: Ultraviolet Interference Additive Manufacturing Method for a Planar Self-Lubricating Structure of a Double-Row Ball Linear Guide

[0058] like Figure 9-11 The diagram shown is a schematic of the actual working condition of a double-row ball linear guide with a planar self-lubricating structure.

[0059] The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for a planar self-lubricating structure of a double-row ball linear guide is as follows:

[0060] (1) Preparation of self-lubricating material: Molybdenum disulfide particles with a particle size of 50 nm and graphene oxide particles with a particle size of 200 nm were selected as solid lubricating materials, with a mass fraction ratio of 1:1. Epoxy acrylate of type 621A-80 was selected as a photocuring agent, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone (1173) was selected as a photoinitiator, and ethyl acetate was selected as a diluent. The solid lubricating material, curing agent, diluent and photoinitiator were thoroughly mixed in a mass fraction ratio of 60:35:35:3.

[0061] (2) Spreading of self-lubricating material on the guide rail surface: Apply an excessive amount of evenly mixed self-lubricating material to the surface of guide rail 11a-5 (11b-5). Adjust the height of the extrusion roller, and through the reciprocating motion of the roller, spread the self-lubricating material on both sides of guide rail 11a-5 (11b-5) at the mating surface with the ball bearings, ensuring that the thickness of the self-lubricating material is about 0.2 mm.

[0062] (3) UV interference curing of self-lubricating material: The width Δx of the self-lubricating structure is determined to be 1.5 mm. The width of the gap in the double-slit plate 11a-3 (11b-3) is selected to be 0.02 mm, the center distance d between the double slits is 0.2 mm, and the light intensity of the UV lamp 11a-1 (11b-1) is selected to be 1000 mW / cm2 with a wavelength λ of 400 nm. Based on the center distance d between the double slits, the wavelength λ, and the interference fringe spacing (spacing of the self-lubricating structure) Δx, the distance D from the double-slit plate to the guide rail surface can be calculated to be 750 mm. The guide rail 11a-5 (11b-5) with the self-lubricating material evenly spread is fixed. The surface to be processed, 11a-4, is placed at the calculated position. The double slits are irradiated with UV lamp 11a-1 for 40 s. The UV light 11a-2 passes through the double slits and interference occurs, forming bright and dark fringes on the surface of the guide rail 11a-5 with the self-lubricating material evenly spread. The positions of the bright fringes are as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the self-lubricating material at the bright stripes has cured. Then, the guide rail is rotated 90°, and the surface to be processed, 11b-4, is placed at the calculated position. The double slits are irradiated with ultraviolet lamp 11b-1 for 40 seconds. Ultraviolet light 11b-2 interferes through the double slits, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail 11b-5 where the self-lubricating material is evenly spread. The positions of the bright stripes are as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the self-lubricating material at the bright stripe area has completed curing.

[0063] (4) Removal of uncured material: After curing, place the guide rail in an alcohol solution and use ultrasonic oscillation to remove the uncured self-lubricating material (dark stripes). The ultrasonic oscillation time is 300s.

[0064] The same method is used to process the planar self-lubricating structure of the other guide rail.

[0065] Example 4: Ultraviolet Interference Additive Manufacturing Method for a Planar Self-Lubricating Structure of a Miniature Sliding Friction Linear Guide

[0066] like Figure 12-14 The diagram shown is a schematic of the actual working condition of a miniature sliding friction linear guide with a planar self-lubricating structure.

[0067] The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for a planar self-lubricating micro sliding friction linear guide structure comprises the following steps:

[0068] (1) Preparation of self-lubricating material: Molybdenum disulfide particles with a particle size of 50 nm and graphene oxide particles with a particle size of 200 nm were selected as solid lubricating materials, with a mass fraction ratio of 1.5:1.5. Epoxy acrylate of type 621A-80 was selected as a photocuring agent, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone (1173) was selected as a photoinitiator, and ethyl acetate was selected as a diluent. The solid lubricating material, curing agent, diluent and photoinitiator were thoroughly mixed in a mass fraction ratio of 45:30:25:1.5.

[0069] (2) Spreading of self-lubricating material on the guide rail surface: Apply an excessive amount of evenly mixed self-lubricating material to the surface of guide rail 14a-6 (14b-6, 14c-6). Adjust the height of the extrusion roller, and through the reciprocating motion of the roller, spread the self-lubricating material at the center 4mm of the surface of guide rail 14a-6 (14b-6, 14c-5), ensuring that the thickness of the self-lubricating material is about 0.1mm.

[0070] (3) Ultraviolet interference curing of self-lubricating materials: The width Δx of the self-lubricating structure is determined to be 0.2 mm. The width of the gap of the ten-slit plate 14a-3 (14b-3, 14c-3) is 0.02 mm, the center distance d of the double slits is 0.2 mm, and the light intensity of the ultraviolet lamp 14a-1 (14b-1, 14c-1) is 1000 mW / cm2, and the wavelength λ is 400 nm. Based on the center distance d of the double slits, the wavelength λ, and the interference fringe spacing (spacing of the self-lubricating structure) Δx, the distance D from the ten-slit plate to the guide rail surface can be calculated to be 100mm. The guide rail 14a-6 (14b-6, 14c-6) with uniformly spread self-lubricating material is fixed. The surface to be processed, 14a-4, is placed at the calculated position, and a light-blocking plate 14a-5 is placed. The ten-slit plate is irradiated with an ultraviolet lamp 14a-1 for 10s. The ultraviolet light 14a-2 interferes through the ten-slit plate, forming bright and dark fringes on the surface of the guide rail 14a-6 with uniformly spread self-lubricating material. The positions of the bright fringes are as follows: Figure 14 As shown, the self-lubricating material at the bright stripes has cured. Then, the surface to be processed, 14b-5, is placed at the calculated position, and a light-blocking plate, 14b-4, is placed on top. An ultraviolet lamp, 14b-1, is used to irradiate the seam board for 10 seconds. The ultraviolet light 14b-2 interferes as it passes through the seam board, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail 14b-6 where the self-lubricating material is evenly spread. The positions of the bright stripes are as follows: Figure 14 As shown, the self-lubricating material at the bright stripes has cured. Finally, the guide rail is placed vertically so that its main movement direction is 90° to the direction of the seam of the ten-slot plate. The surface to be processed, 14c-5, is placed at the calculated position, and a light-blocking plate 14c-4 is placed. The ten-slot plate is irradiated with an ultraviolet lamp 14c-1 for 10 seconds. The ultraviolet light 14c-2 interferes as it passes through the ten-slot plate, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail 14c-6 where the self-lubricating material is evenly spread. The positions of the bright stripes are as follows: Figure 14 As shown, the self-lubricating material at the bright stripe area is cured, and this step is repeated to process it sequentially along the vertical direction of the guide rail until the entire surface to be processed is completed.

[0071] (4) Removal of uncured material: After curing, place the guide rail in an alcohol solution and use ultrasonic oscillation to remove the uncured self-lubricating material (dark stripes). The ultrasonic oscillation time is 200s.

[0072] The same method is used to process the planar self-lubricating structure of the other guide rail.

Claims

1. A method for ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing of a self-lubricating structure on a guide rail surface, characterized in that, A self-lubricating structure for a guide rail surface is a mesh-like cross-sectional structure or a striped cross-sectional structure; the mesh-like cross-sectional structure includes two sets of intersecting elongated cross-sections of equal width, and the elongated cross-sections in each set are parallel to each other; the striped cross-sectional structure includes several parallel elongated cross-sections of equal width; the thickness of the self-lubricating structure is 0.02~0.2mm, and the spacing between each parallel elongated cross-section in the self-lubricating structure is 0.02~2mm; The self-lubricating structural material comprises a solid lubricant, a photocuring agent, a diluent, and a photoinitiator, with a mass fraction ratio of (30~60): (20~35): (20~35): (1~3); wherein the solid lubricant comprises molybdenum disulfide and graphene oxide, with a mass fraction ratio of (1~1.5): (1~1.5) in the solid lubricant. The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for a self-lubricating structure on the guide rail surface includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of self-lubricating materials: Molybdenum disulfide and graphene oxide were selected as solid lubricants. The solid lubricant, photocuring agent, diluent and photoinitiator were mixed to obtain self-lubricating materials. (2) Spreading of self-lubricating material on the guide rail surface: Apply an excessive amount of self-lubricating material to the guide rail surface, adjust the height of the extrusion roller, and spread the self-lubricating material evenly on the guide rail surface through the reciprocating motion of the roller. (3) UV interference curing of self-lubricating materials: When the self-lubricating structure is a striped cross-sectional structure, the guide rail with the self-lubricating material evenly spread is fixed on the screen. The distance between the multi-slit plate and the surface of the block sample is adjusted according to the width requirement of the self-lubricating structure. The light slit is irradiated with a UV lamp. The UV light passes through the light slit and interference occurs, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail. Curing is completed at the bright stripes. When the self-lubricating structure is a mesh-like cross-sectional structure, the guide rail with the self-lubricating material evenly spread is fixed on the screen. The distance between the multi-slit plate and the surface of the block sample is adjusted according to the width requirement of the self-lubricating structure. The light slit is irradiated with a UV lamp. The UV light passes through the light slit and interference occurs, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail. Curing is completed at the bright stripes. Then, the guide rail is rotated by a certain angle with the normal of the processing plane as the reference axis. The value range is 30~90°. The light slit is irradiated with a UV lamp. The UV light passes through the light slit and interference occurs, forming bright and dark stripes on the surface of the guide rail. Curing is completed at the bright stripes. (4) Removal of uncured material: After curing, place the guide rail in an alcohol solution and use ultrasonic vibration to remove the uncured self-lubricating material.

2. The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for the self-lubricating structure of the guide rail surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the mesh-like cross-sectional structure, the width d1 of the elongated cross-section is equal to the spacing width d2 between the parallel elongated cross-sections, with a value range of 0.02~3 mm. The included angle θ1 between two intersecting elongated cross-sections has a value range of 30~90°. The included angle θ2 between a single elongated cross-section and the horizontal direction has a value range of 30~90°. In the striped cross-sectional structure, the width d3 of the long strip cross-section is equal to the width d4 of the distance between two adjacent long strip cross-sections, and the value ranges from 0.02 to 3 mm.

3. The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for the self-lubricating structure of the guide rail surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photocuring agent is 621A-80 type epoxy acrylate, bisphenol F type epoxy resin Epon862 or epoxy resin 618, the photoinitiator is 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone (1173), 4-isobutylphenyl-4'-methylphenyliodohexafluorophosphate or 4-(phenylthio)phenyldiphenylthionium hexafluorophosphate, and the diluent is ethyl acetate, acetic acid or acetone; the particle size of the molybdenum disulfide is 50~3000 nm, and the particle size of the graphene oxide is 200~2000 nm.

4. The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for the self-lubricating structure of the guide rail surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the self-lubricating material spreading area needs to be determined according to the shape of the guide rail: (1) for pulley-type linear guide rails, the self-lubricating material spreading area is the part of the pulley-type linear guide rail and the pulley in frictional contact; (2) for double-row cylindrical roller linear guide rails, the self-lubricating material spreading area is the part of the double-row cylindrical roller linear guide rail and the cylindrical roller in frictional contact; (3) for double-row ball linear guide rails, the self-lubricating material spreading area is the part of the double-row ball linear guide rail and the ball in frictional contact; (4) for micro sliding friction linear guide rails, the self-lubricating material spreading area is the part of the micro sliding friction linear guide rail and the two sides of the inside of the micro sliding friction slider in frictional contact.

5. The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for the self-lubricating structure of the guide rail surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slit width in step (3) is 0.02-2 mm, and the double-slit center distance is 0.1-10 mm; the ultraviolet light intensity is 1000-1200 mW / cm 2 , the wavelength range is 315-400 nm, and the irradiation curing time is 10-60 s.

6. The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for the self-lubricating structure of the guide rail surface according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (3), based on the double-slit interference principle, the relationship between the distance D between the multi-slit plate and the surface of the block sample, the center distance d of the double slits, the wavelength λ, and the interference fringe spacing Δx is as follows: 。 7. The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for the self-lubricating structure of the guide rail surface according to claim 6, characterized in that, For the self-lubricating structure with a spacing of 0.8~2mm, the number of interference slits is selected as 2~5; for the self-lubricating structure with a spacing of 0.2~0.8mm, the number of interference slits is selected as 5~10; for the self-lubricating structure with a spacing of 0.02~0.2mm, the number of interference slits is selected as 10~20.

8. The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for the self-lubricating structure of the guide rail surface according to claim 6, characterized in that, For the pulley-type linear guide, double-slit interference is selected as the interference method, the interference fringe spacing is 1 mm, and the distance between the multi-slit plate and the surface of the block sample is uniquely determined to be 500 mm; for the double-row cylindrical roller linear guide and the double-row ball linear guide, double-slit interference is selected as the interference method, the interference fringe spacing is 1.5 mm, and the distance between the multi-slit plate and the surface of the block sample is uniquely determined to be 750 mm; for the miniature sliding friction linear guide, ten-slit interference is selected as the interference method, the interference fringe spacing is 0.2 mm, and the distance between the multi-slit plate and the surface of the block sample is uniquely determined to be 100 mm.

9. The ultraviolet interference additive manufacturing method for the self-lubricating structure of the guide rail surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic oscillation time in step (4) is 180~300s.

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