A construction method for an adaptive trenchless prefabricated retaining structure in mountainous areas

Abstract

This invention discloses a construction method for an adaptive trenchless prefabricated retaining structure in mountainous areas. The prefabricated retaining structure is assembled from several retaining structure units. Each retaining structure unit has limiting blocks and limiting grooves at its front and rear ends, and L-shaped grooves at its left and right ends. Two horizontally adjacent retaining structure units are slidably connected by limiting blocks and limiting grooves. U-shaped blocks are fixed to the two adjacent L-shaped grooves to form a mortise and tenon structure, ensuring the structural stability of two horizontally adjacent retaining structure units. Each retaining structure unit includes a bottom retaining unit, a connecting retaining unit, and a top retaining unit. When installed vertically, the retaining structure is stabilized by the interlocking of sawtooth locking blocks and sawtooth locking grooves between two adjacent retaining structure units. This invention's retaining structure is trenchless, reducing the impact on slope rock walls, shortening the construction period, and reducing construction costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of slope engineering technology and relates to a prefabricated retaining structure, specifically a construction method for an adaptive non-excavation prefabricated retaining structure in mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] Slope retaining structures refer to the measures taken to support and reinforce slopes to ensure the safety of slopes and their environment. When encountering engineering geological disasters, retaining structures can be used to reinforce or block adverse geological bodies. Among them, prefabricated retaining structures are more commonly used nowadays. Prefabricated retaining structures are assembled using component units. The structural components are prefabricated in factories or workshops, and after construction, the components are transported to the construction site for assembly.

[0003] In the construction of slope protection structures in mountainous areas, the surrounding environment is usually complex, with residential areas and roads located nearby. To reduce the on-site construction area and the impact on surrounding buildings, a trenchless retaining structure that can adapt to mountainous sites is needed, with prefabricated components used for the internal parts of the retaining structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a construction method for an adaptive trenchless prefabricated retaining structure for mountainous sites. By assembling each retaining structure unit, the structural system becomes more stable, and the adaptive design for mountainous sites is achieved by adjusting the position of the retaining structure units during assembly.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] An adaptive trenchless prefabricated retaining structure for mountainous sites is assembled from several retaining structure units, wherein:

[0007] The front and rear ends of the support structure unit are provided with mutually cooperating limiting blocks and limiting grooves, and two horizontally and longitudinally adjacent support structure units are slidably connected through the limiting blocks and limiting grooves.

[0008] The upper center of the limiting block and the limiting groove are provided with corresponding strip grooves. Two horizontally and longitudinally adjacent strip grooves are fixedly connected by strip blocks with fixing bolts, so as to realize the structural stability of two horizontally and longitudinally adjacent support structure units.

[0009] The left and right ends of the support structure unit are provided with two L-shaped grooves. When two horizontally adjacent support structure units are assembled, U-shaped blocks are fixed on the two horizontally adjacent L-shaped grooves to form a mortise and tenon structure, thereby achieving structural stability of the two horizontally adjacent support structure units.

[0010] The support structure unit includes a bottom support unit, a connecting support unit, and a top support unit;

[0011] The upper end of the bottom support unit is provided with a serrated locking groove, and the lower end is in contact with the ground;

[0012] The lower end of the connecting support unit is provided with a sawtooth locking block, and the upper end is provided with a sawtooth locking groove;

[0013] The lower end of the top support unit is provided with a serrated locking block;

[0014] When the support structure unit is installed vertically, the vertical support structure is stabilized by the interlocking of the sawtooth locking blocks and sawtooth locking grooves of two adjacent support structure units.

[0015] A construction method for the aforementioned adaptive trenchless prefabricated retaining structure in mountainous areas involves first conducting virtual pre-construction using computer virtual technology. During virtual pre-construction, big data processing technology is used to calculate and analyze data on the shape and inclination angle of the mountainous slope, the height and length of the retaining structure units, and the positions where the sawtooth locking blocks and sawtooth locking grooves can interlock. This yields the appropriate positions for connecting the retaining units and the top retaining units during assembly, enabling the prefabricated retaining structure to adapt to mountainous sites. This reduces the on-site construction area and the impact on surrounding buildings during on-site construction, resulting in a more stable structural system. The specific steps are as follows:

[0016] Step 1: Use 3D printing technology to prepare support structure units, strip blocks, and U-shaped block components;

[0017] Step 2: Before the installation process, perform virtual pre-construction on the computer. The specific steps are as follows:

[0018] Step 2-1: Obtain the shape and inclination angle of the mountain slope by using drone laser scanning equipment and on-site survey and measurement of the mountain slope;

[0019] Step 2-2: Obtain the height and length of the support structure unit;

[0020] Step 2-3: Input the retaining structure units and mountain slope data obtained in Step 2-1 and Step 2-2 into the computer;

[0021] Steps 2-4: First, lay the bottom support unit on the computer, and then virtually construct the first layer of connecting support units from the top of the bottom support unit. Using the data collected from the mountain slope corresponding to this layer of connecting support units, big data processing technology is used to calculate and analyze this data, the height and length parameters of the connecting support units, and the position data of the interlocking points of the sawtooth locking blocks and sawtooth locking grooves, to obtain the most suitable position of this layer of connecting support units.

[0022] Steps 2-5: Following the method in Steps 2-4, perform virtual pre-construction of each layer's connecting support unit and top support unit, and use big data processing technology to determine the most suitable position of each layer's connecting support unit and top support unit.

[0023] Step 3: After computer-simulated construction, during the actual construction of the prefabricated retaining structure, the bottom retaining units are arranged in an array at the bottom along the horizontal and vertical directions to ensure that the structural units that come into contact with the mountain slope rock wall are in contact with the slope rock wall without affecting the slope structure.

[0024] Step 4: Install the connecting support unit on the bottom support unit by vertical hoisting. Based on the optimal position of the connecting support unit obtained from the calculation and analysis in Step 2, adjust the front and back position of the sawtooth locking block on the sawtooth locking groove so that the connecting support unit in contact with the slope rock wall can be fixed near the contact with the rock wall, thereby achieving site self-adaptation.

[0025] Step 5: Install the connecting support units layer by layer according to the method in Step 4, and adjust each layer of connecting support units to the most suitable position;

[0026] Step 6: After the installation of the layer-by-layer connecting support units is completed, the top support unit is hoisted to the top layer by vertical hoisting. Based on the most suitable position of the top support unit obtained from the calculation and analysis in Step 2, the top support unit is adjusted according to the method in Step 4.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. This invention arranges the bottom support units on the ground along both the horizontal and vertical directions. The connecting support units are then hoisted onto the bottom support units, and structural stability is ensured by the interlocking of sawtooth locking blocks and sawtooth locking grooves. Finally, the top support unit is hoisted onto the top layer. During assembly, the sawtooth locking blocks are moved back and forth in the sawtooth locking grooves to adjust the support structure units in contact with the rock face to the appropriate positions. Virtual pre-construction and big data processing technologies are used to calculate and analyze the collected data to determine the positions of the support structure units, achieving site adaptability of the prefabricated support structure in mountainous areas. This site-adaptive structure effectively reduces the impact and damage to the slope rock face, reduces the on-site construction area and the impact on surrounding buildings during construction, resulting in a more stable structural system.

[0029] 2. The components in the support structure of this invention are made using 3D printing and prefabrication construction technology. The components are relatively uniform in form and relatively simple in structure. At the same time, the support structure unit of this invention is a hollow box structure, which can effectively shorten the production period and reduce production costs.

[0030] 3. The retaining structure of this invention is a non-excavation structure, which can reduce the impact on the slope rock wall, shorten the construction period, and reduce construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the support structure unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the horizontal assembly structure of the support structure unit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the hollow structure inside the support structure unit of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sawtooth locking block and sawtooth locking groove of the three types of support structure units of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the three support structure units of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the strip block with fixing bolts installed according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the U-shaped block structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the retaining structure unit of the present invention on a mountain slope;

[0039] In the diagram: 1-Support structure unit; 11-Bottom support unit; 12-Connecting support unit; 13-Top support unit; 21-Limiting block; 22-Limiting groove; 31-Strip block; 32-Strip groove; 33-Fixing bolt; 41-U-shaped block; 42-L-shaped groove; 51-Sawtooth positioning block; 52-Sawtooth positioning groove; 6-Mountain slope. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it is not limited thereto. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] This invention provides an adaptive trenchless prefabricated retaining structure for mountainous sites, such as... Figures 1-8 As shown, the support structure is assembled from several support structure units 1, wherein:

[0042] The retaining structure unit 1 is a precast concrete component, which adopts prefabrication technology and is prefabricated in a workshop or factory, which facilitates rapid production and construction and improves efficiency.

[0043] The front and rear ends of the support structure unit 1 are provided with mutually cooperating limiting blocks 21 and limiting grooves 22. Two horizontally and longitudinally adjacent support structure units 1 are slidably connected by limiting blocks 21 and limiting grooves 22. The upper center positions of the limiting blocks 21 and the limiting grooves 22 are provided with corresponding strip grooves 32. When two horizontally and longitudinally adjacent support structure units 1 are assembled, the front and rear strip grooves 32 also correspond exactly, thereby fixing the strip block 31 with fixing bolts 33 to the front and rear strip grooves 32. The fixing of the strip block 31 and the strip groove 32 ensures the structural stability of the limiting blocks 21 and limiting grooves 22, and further realizes the structural stability of two horizontally and longitudinally adjacent support structure units 1.

[0044] The left and right ends of the support structure unit 1 are provided with two L-shaped grooves 42. When two horizontally adjacent support structure units 1 are assembled, the positions of the L-shaped grooves 42 of the two adjacent support structure units 1 can correspond to each other. The U-shaped block 41 is fixed on the left and right L-shaped grooves 42 to form a mortise and tenon structure, thereby achieving structural stability of the two horizontally adjacent support structure units 1.

[0045] The support structure unit 1 includes three structural units: bottom support unit 11, connecting support unit 12 located in the middle section between the top and bottom, and top support unit 13.

[0046] The bottom support unit 11 has a serrated locking groove 52 at its upper end and its lower end in contact with the ground.

[0047] The lower end of the connecting support unit 12 is provided with a sawtooth locking block 51 that contacts the sawtooth locking groove 52 at the upper end of the bottom support unit 11, and the upper end is provided with a sawtooth locking groove 52.

[0048] The lower end of the top support unit 13 is provided with a sawtooth positioning block 51 that contacts the sawtooth positioning groove 52 connected to the upper end of the support unit 12.

[0049] When the support structure unit 1 is installed in the vertical direction, the vertical support structure is stabilized by the interlocking of the sawtooth locking blocks 51 and the sawtooth locking grooves 52 of the upper and lower adjacent support structure units.

[0050] In this invention, the bottom support unit 11, the connecting support unit 12, and the top support unit 13 are all prefabricated components. They are prefabricated in a workshop or factory using 3D printing technology and then transported to the construction site, which facilitates rapid production and construction and improves efficiency.

[0051] In this invention, the support structure unit 1 is a hollow box-type component, which can effectively reduce costs and improve production efficiency while meeting structural strength requirements.

[0052] In this invention, the sawtooth locking block 51 and the sawtooth locking groove 52 can fit together at the interlocking point to ensure the stability of the structure.

[0053] In this invention, the sawtooth locking block 51 of the support structure unit 1 can be adjusted in front and behind on the sawtooth locking groove 52 to achieve site self-adaptation.

[0054] In this invention, each layer of support unit is horizontally and longitudinally fixed by strip block 31 and strip groove 32, and horizontally and laterally fixed by U-shaped block 41 and L-shaped groove 42.

[0055] The principle behind this invention's ability to achieve site adaptation in mountainous areas is as follows:

[0056] After the bottom support units 11 are arranged in an array on the ground, the connecting support units 12 are installed on the bottom support units 11. The optimal position of the connecting support units 12 is when they are in perfect contact with the rock wall and do not affect the installation of the upper connecting support units 12. However, due to the randomness of the shape of mountain slopes, it is often impossible to achieve the perfect position of each layer of connecting support units 12 and top support units 13 during installation.

[0057] To address the aforementioned issues, virtual pre-construction is conducted on a computer before installation, requiring data parameters for each retaining structure unit 1 and the mountain slope 6. In this invention, the retaining structure unit 1 is a prefabricated assembly, and its height, length, and other parameters are known data. The data parameters for the mountain slope 6 are obtained through drone laser scanning equipment and on-site surveying and measurement of the slope 6, yielding data parameters for its approximate shape and inclination angle. The collected data is then input into the computer for virtual pre-construction.

[0058] First, the bottom support unit 11 is laid out on the computer. Then, virtual construction is performed to connect the first layer of support units 12 above the bottom support unit 11. Data collected from the mountain slope 6 corresponding to this layer of support units 12 is used to calculate and analyze the data, along with the height and length parameters of the connecting support units 12 and the position of the interlocking points of the sawtooth locking block 51 and the sawtooth locking groove 52, using big data processing technology to obtain the most suitable position for this layer of connecting support units 12. The most suitable position must meet the requirements of not affecting the assembly of the upper support structure unit 1, minimizing the destructive impact on the mountain slope, and ensuring the stability of the overall prefabricated support structure.

[0059] Following the above method, virtual pre-construction is carried out on each layer's connecting support unit 12 and top support unit 13, and the optimal position for each layer is determined through big data processing. After computer-simulated construction, during actual construction, each layer's support structure unit 1 is adjusted to the result obtained during virtual pre-construction, thereby meeting the site adaptability requirements of the prefabricated support structure in mountainous areas.

[0060] In this invention, the support structure unit 1 is installed by vertical hoisting in the horizontal longitudinal, horizontal transverse, and vertical directions to adjust its position: in the horizontal longitudinal installation, it is adjusted so that the limiting block 21 and the limiting groove 22 correspond; in the horizontal transverse installation, it is adjusted so that the adjacent L-shaped grooves 42 correspond; and in the vertical installation, it is adjusted so that the serrated locking block 51 and the serrated locking groove 52 can be stably engaged.

[0061] The construction process of this invention is as follows:

[0062] 1. Support structure unit 1, strip block 31, and U-shaped block 41 are manufactured using 3D printing technology in the factory workshop and then transported to the assembly site. The prefabricated assembly method used can effectively shorten the construction period, reduce construction and production costs, and improve efficiency.

[0063] 2. Arrange the bottom support units 11 in an array on the ground to ensure that the structural units that come into contact with the mountain slope rock wall are in contact with the slope rock wall without affecting the slope structure.

[0064] 3. During installation, the connecting support unit 12 is positioned using calculations and analysis to determine its optimal location. It is then vertically hoisted onto the bottom support unit 11. During installation, big data processing technology is used to analyze and calculate the collected data, ensuring the connecting support unit 12 is installed and adjusted to the appropriate position.

[0065] 4. Install the connecting support units 12 layer by layer. Using big data processing technology, calculate and analyze the data for each layer to adjust each connecting support unit 12 to the appropriate position. After the connecting support units 12 are installed layer by layer, install and adjust the top support unit 13 using the same technology. Once installation is complete, the prefabricated support structure system construction is finished.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a self-adaptive non-excavation fabricated retaining structure in a mountainous site, characterized in that The mountainous site self-adaptive non-excavation assembled supporting structure is composed of a plurality of supporting structure units, wherein: The front and rear ends of the supporting structure unit are provided with limiting blocks and limiting grooves matched with each other, and the horizontally longitudinally adjacent two supporting structure units are connected through the limiting blocks and the limiting grooves. The left and right ends of the supporting structure unit are provided with two L-shaped grooves, and when the horizontally transversely adjacent two supporting structure units are assembled, the U-shaped blocks are fixed on the left and right adjacent two L-shaped grooves to form a mortise and tenon structure, so as to realize the structural stability of the horizontally transversely adjacent two supporting structure units. The supporting structure unit comprises a bottom supporting unit, a connecting supporting unit and a top supporting unit. The upper end of the bottom supporting unit is provided with a sawtooth clamping groove, and the lower end is in contact with the ground. The lower end of the connecting supporting unit is provided with a sawtooth clamping block, and the upper end is provided with a sawtooth clamping groove. The lower end of the top supporting unit is provided with a sawtooth clamping block. When the supporting structure unit is installed in the vertical direction, the sawtooth clamping blocks and the sawtooth clamping grooves of the upper and lower adjacent two supporting structure units are engaged with each other to realize the stability of the vertical supporting structure. The construction method comprises the following steps: Step 1: using 3D printing technology to prepare the supporting structure unit, the strip block and the U-shaped block component; Step 2: before the installation process, virtual pre-construction is carried out on the computer, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 2-1: through the unmanned aerial vehicle laser scanning equipment and the on-site survey and measurement of the mountainous slope, the shape and inclination angle of the mountainous slope are obtained; Step 2-2: the height and length of the supporting structure unit are obtained; Step 2-3: the supporting structure unit and the mountainous slope data obtained in steps 2-1 and 2-2 are input into the computer; Step 2-4: the bottom supporting unit is laid on the computer first, and then the first layer of connecting supporting unit on the upper end of the bottom supporting unit is virtually constructed, through the data collected by the connecting supporting unit corresponding to the mountainous slope, the data and the height and length parameters of the connecting supporting unit are calculated and analyzed by using big data processing technology, and the most suitable position of the connecting supporting unit is obtained; Step 2-5: according to the method of step 2-4, the virtual pre-construction of each layer of connecting supporting unit and top supporting unit is carried out, and the most suitable position of each layer of connecting supporting unit and top supporting unit is obtained by using big data processing technology; Step 3: after the computer virtual construction, the bottom supporting unit is arranged in the bottom in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction during the actual construction of the assembled supporting structure, so as to ensure that the structure unit in contact with the mountainous slope rock wall is just in contact with the slope rock wall and does not affect the slope structure; Step 4: the connecting supporting unit is installed on the bottom supporting unit by vertical hoisting, and the most suitable position of the connecting supporting unit is obtained according to the calculation and analysis of step 2, the front and rear positions of the sawtooth clamping block in the sawtooth clamping groove are adjusted, so that the connecting supporting unit in contact with the slope rock wall can be fixed near the rock wall, thereby realizing the site self-adaptation; Step 5: according to the method of step 4, the connecting supporting unit is installed layer by layer, and each layer of connecting supporting unit is adjusted to the most suitable position. Step 6, after the installation of the support and retaining unit is completed, the top support and retaining unit is hoisted on the uppermost layer through vertical hoisting, the most suitable position of the top support and retaining unit is obtained according to the calculation and analysis of step 2, and the top support and retaining unit is adjusted according to the method of step 4.

2. The mountainous site adaptive trenchless fabricated retaining structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper end center positions of the limiting blocks and the limiting grooves are provided with corresponding strip-shaped grooves, and the two horizontally and longitudinally adjacent strip-shaped grooves are fixedly connected through the strip-shaped blocks provided with fixing bolts, so that the structural stability of the two horizontally and longitudinally adjacent support and retaining structure units is realized.

3. The mountainous site adaptive trenchless fabricated retaining structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom support and retaining unit, the connecting support and retaining unit and the top support and retaining unit are all fabricated prefabricated components.

4. The mountainous site adaptive trenchless fabricated retaining structure construction method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that The bottom support and retaining unit, the connecting support and retaining unit and the top support and retaining unit are all prefabricated by using 3D printing technology.

5. The mountainous site adaptive trenchless fabricated retaining structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The support and retaining structure unit is a hollow box type component.

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