Aluminothermic high heat cutting agent, its preparation method and application
By using composite aluminothermic agents and specific components such as diluents, combustion catalysts, gas-generating agents, and binders, the high-temperature cutting agent prepared solves the problems of low combustion temperature, lack of oxidation in gas production, and 'slag buildup' and 'hole blockage' in existing technologies, achieving efficient cutting and improved safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGBEI UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing high-temperature cutting fluxes are prone to problems during the cutting process, such as low combustion temperature, lack of oxidizing gas production, lack of reactivity of the binder, and easy occurrence of 'slag buildup' and 'hole blockage', resulting in insufficient cutting depth or failure.
A high-performance cutting agent was prepared by using a composite aluminothermic agent as the main heat-generating agent, combined with a complex of NaCl, KCl, CaF2, AlCl3 and Na3AlF6 as a diluent, catoxine and Ni powder as combustion catalysts, BaO2 as a gas-generating agent, and NC and GAP as energetic binders. The high-heat cutting agent was formed by mixing and drying.
This technology achieves intense combustion, high heat, and short melting time through the steel plate, reducing slag buildup and hole blockage, thus improving cutting efficiency and safety.
Smart Images
Figure BDA0004618553960000061
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature cutting agent technology, and in particular to a high-temperature cutting agent based on thermite, its preparation method and application. Background Technology
[0002] Hyperthermic agent cutting technology utilizes a high-temperature, high-speed molten metal jet generated by the combustion of a hyperthermic agent to cut metal materials. It boasts advantages such as small equipment size, light weight, portability, and low cost. It has wide applications in field repair, emergency rescue drilling, and disposal of waste ammunition. Hyperthermic agent cutting overcomes the disadvantages of traditional cutting methods like plasma cutting and gas cutting, which require large equipment size and power, necessitate the carrying of additional oxygen and flammable gas cylinders, and are inconvenient to use. Furthermore, in the field of unexploded ordnance disposal, it solves the problem of the danger posed to bomb disposal personnel by manually placing explosives or other devices to detonate unexploded ordnance. As early as 1972, a pyrotechnic powder for cutting was invented, mainly composed of nickel powder, metal oxides, aluminum powder, and a gas-generating agent. In 1982, Mueller et al. invented a pyrotechnic powder specifically for metal cutting, using CaSO4, MgSO4, or SrSO4 as the oxidant and S, Al, and fluorocarbons as the reducing agents.
[0003] Despite years of development and the invention of various hyperthermic cutting agents for field cutting, new cutting techniques remain a research hotspot. This is because current hyperthermic agents are prone to "slag buildup" and "hole blockage" during cutting, leading to insufficient cutting depth or the detonation of explosives in discarded ammunition, resulting in cutting failure or danger. These problems arise from insufficient heat release by the hyperthermic agent, excessively high melting point of the produced liquid metal, poor fluidity, failure to separate liquid metal and liquid residue, insufficient oxidizing power of the gas released by the gas-generating agent, and severe moisture absorption by the gas-generating agent. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of hyperthermic cutting agent. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature cutting agent based on thermite, its preparation method and application. The high-temperature cutting agent provided by this invention solves the problems of low combustion temperature, lack of oxidizing gas production, lack of reactive binder, and easy occurrence of "slag" and "pore blockage" in existing cutting agents.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-temperature cutting agent based on thermite, comprising the following components in weight percentage:
[0006] Main heat-generating agent: 78%–82%;
[0007] Diluent: 4%–5%;
[0008] Combustion catalyst: 4%–5%;
[0009] Gas-generating agent: 5%–6%;
[0010] Energetic binder: 5%–6%;
[0011] The main heat-generating agent is a mixture of Al powder, Fe3O4, MnO2, MoO3 and CuO;
[0012] The diluent is a mixture of NaCl, KCl, CaF2, AlCl3 and Na3AlF6;
[0013] The combustion catalyst is composed of catoxan and Ni powder;
[0014] The gas-generating agent is BaO2;
[0015] The energetic binder is composed of nitrocellulose (NC) and poly(glycidyl azido) ether (GAP).
[0016] In this invention, the main heat-generating agent used is a composite aluminothermic agent, which is a mixture of multiple high-temperature agents. The advantage of this mixture is that it generates more heat after combustion than a single high-temperature agent, because different high-temperature agents can produce different metals, and these molten metals can form alloys, resulting in a large amount of heat release again. Furthermore, the melting point of the resulting alloy is lower than that of any single metal, which is very beneficial in reducing the phenomena of "slag buildup" and "hole blockage".
[0017] The diluent used in this invention has the function of separating liquid metal and non-metallic slag, which will further reduce the phenomena of "slag buildup" and "pore blockage".
[0018] The combustion catalyst used in this invention has the functions of easy dispersion, non-migration, and improving the intensity of the cutting agent combustion flame.
[0019] The gas-generating agent used in this invention can produce a large amount of strong oxidizing gas (O2) at high temperatures, which not only acts as a pressurizer but also facilitates metal cutting. Furthermore, the gas-generating agents in currently reported cutting flux formulations are mostly KNO3, Ba(NO3)2, or NH4NO3, which are not only hygroscopic but also primarily produce N2 gas through thermal decomposition. In contrast, the thermal decomposition of BaO2 generates a large amount of high-temperature O2, accelerating metal cutting, and BaO2 is completely non-hygroscopic.
[0020] The binder used in this invention is an energetic binder, which not only has a good bonding effect, but also decomposes rapidly into gases such as N2, CO, H2 and CO2 at high temperatures, releasing a large amount of heat at the same time, thereby accelerating the metal jet. This can significantly reduce the amount of gas-generating agent used, so that the formula can carry more main heat-generating agent to increase energy.
[0021] Preferably, the mass percentages of Al powder, Fe3O4, MnO2, MoO3 and CuO in the main heat-generating agent are 25% Al powder, 20% Fe3O4, 20% MnO2, 20% MoO3 and 15% CuO, respectively.
[0022] More preferably, the particle size of the Al powder is 100-150 μm; the particle sizes of the Fe3O4, MnO2, MoO3 and CuO are all 80-120 μm.
[0023] Preferably, the mass percentages of NaCl, KCl, CaF2, AlCl3, and Na3AlF6 in the diluent are 40% NaCl, 40% KCl, 8% CaF2, 6% AlCl3, and 6% Na3AlF6, respectively.
[0024] Preferably, the mass percentages of the cattocin and Ni powder are 40% cattocin and 60% Ni powder, respectively.
[0025] More preferably, the catoxine is in a liquid state, and the Ni powder has a particle size of 50–150 μm.
[0026] Preferably, the mass percentages of NC and GAP are 40% NC and 60% GAP, respectively.
[0027] This invention also provides a method for preparing the high-heat cutting agent described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
[0028] (1) Dissolve nitrocellulose, polyazolidone glycidyl ether and captosine in acetone to obtain an adhesive solution, and seal it for later use;
[0029] (2) In dry air with humidity less than 20 H2O / kg, accurately weigh each component except nitrocellulose, polyazolidone glycidyl ether and captocin, control the mixing temperature to less than 45℃ and mix in a mixer for 2 hours to obtain mixed powder.
[0030] (3) The mixed powder is stirred from the adhesive solution obtained in step (1) to form a uniform mud-like substance, dried in a water bath oven, and ground to obtain a high-temperature cutting agent.
[0031] Preferably, in step (3), the drying temperature in the water bath oven is 50°C and the drying time is 24 hours.
[0032] This invention also provides the application of the high-heat cutting agent described in the above technical solution, which is used to rapidly cut metal in the field without electric welding or gas welding, or to destroy waste ammunition in the field without electric welding or gas welding.
[0033] Beneficial technical effects:
[0034] This invention uses a composite thermite as the main heat-generating agent, a composite of NaCl, KCl, CaF2, AlCl3 and Na3AlF6 as a diluent, a composite of catoxine and Ni powder as a combustion catalyst, BaO2 as a gas-generating agent, and a composite of NC and GAP as an energetic binder to prepare a high-performance cutting agent. It has the advantages of intense combustion, high heat, and short melting time through steel plates. Moreover, after melting through the steel plate, there is very little "slag" and almost no "hole blockage". Detailed Implementation
[0035] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments further illustrate its content, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] High-temperature cutting fluxes contain the following substances:
[0038] Main heat-generating agent: 78%;
[0039] Diluent: 5%;
[0040] Combustion catalyst: 5%;
[0041] Gas-generating agent: 6%;
[0042] Energetic binder: 6%;
[0043] The preparation method is as follows:
[0044] (1) Add 3.6g NC, 2.4g GAP and 2g captocin to a large beaker containing acetone. After NC, GAP and captocin are completely dissolved in acetone, the binder solution is obtained and sealed for later use.
[0045] (2) In dry air with a humidity of less than 20 H2O / kg, accurately weigh 19.5g Al powder, 15.6g Fe3O4, 15.6g MnO2, 15.6g MoO3, 11.7g CuO, 2g NaCl, 2g KCl, 0.4g CaF2, 0.3g AlCl3, 0.3g Na3AlF6, 3g Ni powder and 6g BaO2, and add them to a small mixer in sequence. Control the mixing temperature to be less than 45℃, turn on the mixer, and mix for 2 hours to obtain mixed powder.
[0046] (3) Remove the mixed powder from the mixer and place it in a large beaker containing the binder solution. Use a wooden stick to mix the mixed powder and binder solution into a uniform, muddy substance (stir with the wooden stick for 30 minutes). Then, remove the muddy substance and place it in a metal ceramic tray. Place the tray in a water bath oven and turn on the oven. Dry the tray at 50°C for 24 hours. At this point, the composite powder and binder have been mixed evenly. Then, use a large mortar and pestle to lightly crush the mixture to obtain the granulated high-temperature cutting agent.
[0047] Example 2
[0048] High-temperature cutting fluxes contain the following substances:
[0049] Main heat-generating agent: 82%;
[0050] Diluent: 4%;
[0051] Combustion catalyst: 4%;
[0052] Gas-generating agent: 5%;
[0053] Energetic binder: 5%;
[0054] The preparation method is as follows:
[0055] (1) Add 3.0g NC, 2.0g GAP and 1.6g captocin to a large beaker containing acetone. After NC, GAP and captocin are completely dissolved in acetone, the binder solution is obtained. Seal and set aside for later use.
[0056] (2) In dry air with a humidity of less than 20 H2O / kg, accurately weigh 20.5g Al powder, 16.4g Fe3O4, 16.4g MnO2, 16.4g MoO3, 12.3g CuO, 1.6g NaCl, 1.6g KCl, 0.32g CaF2, 0.24g AlCl3, 0.24g Na3AlF6, 2.4g Ni powder and 5g BaO2, and add them to a small mixer in sequence. Control the mixing temperature to be less than 45℃, turn on the mixer, and mix for 2 hours to obtain mixed powder.
[0057] (3) Remove the mixed powder from the mixer and place it in a large beaker containing the binder solution. Use a wooden stick to mix the powder and binder solution into a uniform, mud-like substance (stir with the wooden stick for 30 minutes). Then, remove the mud-like substance and place it in a metal ceramic tray. Place the tray in a water bath oven and dry it at 50°C for 24 hours. After drying, remove the tray. At this point, the composite powder and binder have been mixed evenly. Then, use a large mortar and pestle to lightly crush it to obtain the granulated high-temperature cutting agent.
[0058] Comparative Example 1
[0059] Comparative Example 1 is a traditional cutting agent that contains the following substances:
[0060] Main heat-generating agent: 80%;
[0061] Diluent: 7%;
[0062] Gas-generating agent: 8%;
[0063] Adhesive: 5%;
[0064] The main heat-generating agents are Al, Fe2O3, and CuO, with Al accounting for 22%, Fe2O3 for 38%, and CuO for 40% by mass percentage; the diluent is Al2O3, the gas-generating agent is KNO3, and the binder is phenolic resin (POR); in addition, the particle size of Al, Fe2O3, CuO, Al2O3, and KNO3 is 80-150 μm.
[0065] The preparation method is as follows:
[0066] (1) Add 5.0g of POR to a large beaker containing a certain amount of anhydrous ethanol. After the POR is completely dissolved in the anhydrous ethanol, the binder solution is obtained and sealed for later use.
[0067] (2) In dry air with a humidity of less than 20 H2O / kg, accurately weigh 17.6g Al powder, 30.4g Fe2O3, 32g CuO, 7g Al2O3 and 8g KNO3, add them to a small mixer in sequence, control the mixing temperature to be less than 45℃, turn on the mixer, and mix for 2 hours to obtain mixed powder.
[0068] (3) Remove the mixed powder from the mixer and place it in a large beaker containing the binder solution. Use a wooden stick to mix the powder and binder solution into a uniform, mud-like substance (stir with the wooden stick for 30 minutes). Then, remove the mud-like substance and place it in a metal ceramic tray. Place the tray in a water bath oven and dry it at 60°C for 24 hours. Remove the tray. At this point, the composite powder and binder have been mixed evenly. Then, use a large mortar and pestle to lightly crush it to obtain granulated cutting agent powder.
[0069] The cutting agents of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to a burning perforation test on steel plates. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.
[0070] Table 1. Results of the combustion-perforation test on steel plates using the cutting agent in Examples 1 and 2, and Comparative Example 1.
[0071]
[0072] As can be seen from the experimental results in Table 1, the cutting fluxes prepared in Examples 1 and 2 exhibit intense combustion, high heat, short steel plate penetration time, minimal slag buildup, and virtually no pore blockage. In contrast, the cutting flux in Comparative Example 1 suffers from excessively fast combustion, uneven heat distribution, and slow penetration. Furthermore, Comparative Example 1 shows some slag buildup and pore blockage, which are detrimental to its use. This demonstrates that the cutting flux prepared in this invention performs better than traditional cutting fluxes.
[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-temperature cutting agent based on thermite, characterized in that, Components including the following components by mass percentage: Main heat-generating agent: 78%–82%; Diluent: 4%–5%; Combustion catalyst: 4%–5%; Gas-generating agent: 5%–6%; Energetic binder: 5%–6%; The main heat-generating agent is a mixture of Al powder, Fe3O4, MnO2, MoO3 and CuO; The diluent is a mixture of NaCl, KCl, CaF2, AlCl3 and Na3AlF6; The combustion catalyst is composed of catoxan and Ni powder; The gas-generating agent is BaO2; The energetic binder is composed of nitrocellulose and polyazoyl glycidyl ether; The mass percentages of NaCl, KCl, CaF2, AlCl3, and Na3AlF6 in the diluent are 40% NaCl, 40% KCl, 8% CaF2, 6% AlCl3, and 6% Na3AlF6, respectively.
2. The high-heat cutting agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass percentages of Al powder, Fe3O4, MnO2, MoO3 and CuO in the main heat-generating agent are 25% Al powder, 20% Fe3O4, 20% MnO2, 20% MoO3 and 15% CuO, respectively.
3. The high-heat cutting agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the Al powder is 100-150 μm; the particle size of the Fe3O4, MnO2, MoO3 and CuO is 80-120 μm.
4. The high-heat cutting agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass percentages of the cattocin and Ni powder are 40% cattocin and 60% Ni powder, respectively.
5. The high-heat cutting agent according to claim 4, characterized in that, The catoxine is in a liquid state, and the Ni powder has a particle size of 50–150 μm.
6. The high-heat cutting agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass percentages of the nitrocellulose and polyazidoglycidyl ether are 40% nitrocellulose and 60% polyazidoglycidyl ether, respectively.
7. A method for preparing the high-temperature cutting agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Dissolve nitrocellulose, polyazolidone glycidyl ether and captosine in acetone to obtain an adhesive solution, and seal it for later use; (2) In dry air with humidity less than 20 H2O / kg, accurately weigh each component except nitrocellulose, polyazolidone glycidyl ether and captocin, control the mixing temperature to less than 45℃ and mix in a mixer for 2 hours to obtain mixed powder. (3) The mixed powder is placed into the adhesive solution obtained in step (1), stirred and mixed into a uniform mud-like substance, dried in a water bath oven, and ground to obtain a high-temperature cutting agent.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, When drying in the water bath oven in step (3), the drying temperature is 50℃ and the drying time is 24h.
9. The application of the high-heat cutting agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It can be used for rapid metal cutting in the field where there is no electric welding or gas welding, or for the disposal of waste ammunition in the field where there is no electric welding or gas welding.