A spastic cerebral palsy infant model for rehabilitation nursing skill teaching

Abstract

The application discloses a spastic cerebral palsy infant model for rehabilitation nursing skill teaching, which comprises a head, upper limbs, a trunk, a hip and lower limbs, and a head turning device is connected to the top inner side of the trunk, the upper end of the head turning device is connected with the head, and the head turning device is connected with a head tightness adjusting mechanism; the upper limbs and the lower limbs are respectively provided with limb simulation structures; the upper limbs are provided with upper limb pressure detection modules, and the lower limbs are provided with lower limb pressure detection modules above and below. The child model can simulate abnormal postures and positions of spastic cerebral palsy children during spasm, such as frog postures, knife-fold postures and the like, and further assists operators to carry out corresponding operation practice. In the implementation, the tightness adjuster of different grades can be adjusted to adjust the spasticity degree, so that the change of muscle tension of spastic cerebral palsy children during spasm is simulated, and thus the simulation teaching of cerebral palsy rehabilitation nursing skills is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of infant models for teaching, and particularly relates to a spastic cerebral palsy infant model for rehabilitation nursing skill teaching. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children, which is one of the main diseases of the nervous system in children, and is mainly manifested as motor dysfunction and abnormal posture. Cerebral palsy has a high incidence rate and a high disability rate. At present, the prevalence rate of cerebral palsy in China is 2.46‰, and the incidence rate is 2.48‰. The disease causes a significant burden to families and society. The "China Cerebral Palsy Rehabilitation Guide" released in 2015 classifies cerebral palsy into six clinical types, of which spastic cerebral palsy accounts for about 60%-70% of the total. The main clinical feature of spastic cerebral palsy patients is that the increased muscle tone leads to abnormal posture and hinders the development of limb motor function.

[0003] Abnormal body posture is the main obstacle for children with cerebral palsy. Studies have shown that if early detection and rehabilitation nursing intervention can be taken to inhibit the child's bad posture, the muscle tension and spasm of the affected limb can be effectively reduced, and good rehabilitation effect can be achieved. Therefore, rehabilitation nursing personnel need to give the child correct posture management and body position placement, which puts higher requirements on rehabilitation nursing skill teaching. The current nursing technology child models on the market mainly have the following problems: 1) the model mainly simulates normal children and cannot reflect the typical bad posture of children with cerebral palsy, such as the flexor pattern of the upper limbs and the extensor pattern of the lower limbs; 2) the model shows the child's muscles, but does not reflect the typical clinical manifestation of cerebral palsy patients, i.e. increased muscle tone; 3) the body position placement and posture operation involve the intervention of specific joints and muscles, but the general child model cannot give dynamic feedback, which is not conducive to the self-learning and skill improvement of the operator. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a spastic cerebral palsy infant model for rehabilitation nursing skill teaching, which can simulate the typical clinical manifestations of children with cerebral palsy (including joint contracture and increased muscle tone), and collect data on the pressure values of specific joints and muscles, realize real-time feedback of the operation process, and be conducive to the self-learning and skill improvement of the operator, and also provide a reference for solving the shortage of rehabilitation medical teaching resources.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A spastic cerebral palsy infant model for rehabilitation nursing skill teaching, comprising a head, upper limbs, a trunk, hip and lower limbs, the top inner side of the trunk is connected with a head turning device, the upper end of the head turning device is connected with the head, and the head turning device is connected with a head tightness adjusting mechanism;

[0007] The upper limbs and lower limbs are respectively provided with limb simulation structures;

[0008] The limb simulation structures of the upper limbs and lower limbs each comprise an upper bone, a lower bone, an upper main control line, a lower main control line, an upper muscle simulation layer, a lower muscle simulation layer, an upper end tightness adjuster, a middle tightness adjuster and a lower end tightness adjuster;

[0009] The upper end tightness adjuster is located above the upper bone, the lower end tightness adjuster is located below the lower bone, and the middle tightness adjuster is located at the rotation connection between the bottom of the upper bone and the top of the lower bone;

[0010] The bottom of the upper bone and the top of the lower bone are connected with the middle tightness adjuster through an intermediate annular body;

[0011] The upper main control line passes through an upper bone slot in the middle of the upper bone, and the upper free end of the upper main control line is connected to the upper end tightness adjuster, and the lower free end of the lower main control line is connected to the middle tightness adjuster;

[0012] The lower main control line passes through a lower bone slot in the middle of the lower bone, the upper free end of the lower main control line is connected to the middle tightness adjuster, and the lower free end of the lower main control line is connected to the lower end tightness adjuster;

[0013] The upper end and the lower end of the upper bone are respectively provided with upper angle adjusting supports, the two upper angle adjusting supports are attached to the upper bone and the upper muscle simulation layer, and the two upper angle adjusting supports are connected through an upper connecting rod;

[0014] The two upper angle adjusting supports each comprise two upper hinge seats attached to the upper bone at intervals, the outer periphery of the two upper hinge seats is respectively connected with a plurality of upper support rods at intervals in the circumferential direction, the other end of each upper support rod is attached to the upper muscle simulation layer, the two upper hinge seats are respectively connected with a plurality of upper secondary control lines at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the other end of each upper secondary control line is connected to the upper main control line;

[0015] The upper end and the lower end of the lower bone are respectively provided with lower angle adjusting supports, the two lower angle adjusting supports are attached to the lower bone and the lower muscle simulation layer, and the two lower angle adjusting supports are connected through a lower connecting rod;

[0016] Both lower angle adjusting supports comprise two lower hinge seats attached to the lower bones, the outer periphery of the two lower hinge seats is respectively connected with a plurality of lower supporting rods in the circumferential direction, the other end of each lower supporting rod is attached to the lower muscle simulation layer, the two lower hinge seats are respectively connected with a plurality of lower secondary control lines in the circumferential direction, and the other end of each lower secondary control line is respectively connected to the upper main control line.

[0017] The lower end tightness adjuster of the upper limb is further connected with an upper end control line, the upper end control line branches into five finger control lines, and the five finger control lines are respectively connected with five finger fulcrums.

[0018] The lower end tightness adjuster of the lower limb is further connected with a lower end control line, the free end of the lower end control line is connected with a foot ring, and the foot ring is connected with a sole plate; the top of the upper bone of the lower limb is connected with the hip through the greater trochanter of the femur.

[0019] The upper limb is provided with an upper limb pressure detection module, and the lower limb is provided with a lower limb pressure detection module.

[0020] Further, the head tightness adjusting mechanism comprises a head front end tightness adjuster and two head side tightness adjusters.

[0021] Further, the head turning device comprises a connecting seat fixedly connected in the head and a ball head rod fixedly connected on the trunk and rotationally connected with the connecting seat.

[0022] Further, the upper limb pressure detection module comprises three upper limb pressure sensors, which are respectively located at the upper end, the middle part and the lower end of the upper limb.

[0023] Further, the lower limb pressure detection module comprises three lower limb pressure sensors, which are respectively located at the upper end, the middle part and the lower end of the lower limb.

[0024] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. The present application simulates the joint movement of brain palsy infants, displays the spasm characteristics of different infants, including upper limb dorsiflexion, adduction, internal rotation, thumb adduction, lower limb adduction, internal rotation, knee flexion, scissors step, and toe, thereby providing a clinical operation model for brain palsy rehabilitation nursing skill teaching;

[0026] 2. The present application simulates the muscle coordination and contraction of brain palsy infants, realizes the muscle tension change of target muscles through resistance setting, and realizes the simulation teaching of brain palsy rehabilitation nursing skill;

[0027] 3. The present application uses "pressure distribution and sensing technology" to monitor the local pressure of specific joints and muscles in posture management, thereby providing real-time operation feedback for the operator, promoting the operator's self-learning, evaluation and skill improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the whole body of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of the upper limbs;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of the foot sole

[0032] Figure 4 is a front view of the head;

[0033] Figure 5 is a side view of the head;

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the tension adjuster;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the pressure sensor distribution;

[0036] Figure 8 is a typical abnormal posture chart (scissors posture). EMBODIMENT

[0037] As shown in Figures 1-6 , the present application is a spastic cerebral palsy infant model for rehabilitation nursing skill teaching, which comprises a head 1, upper limbs 2, a trunk 3, a hip 4 and lower limbs 5. The top inner side of the trunk 3 is connected with a head turning device 7, the upper end of which is connected with the head 1. The head turning device 7 is connected with a head tension adjuster mechanism, which controls the moving direction of the head 1 and the muscle tension of the neck. The head tension adjuster mechanism comprises a head front tension adjuster 8 and two head side tension adjusters 9. The head turning device 7 comprises a connecting seat fixedly connected in the head 1 and a ball head rod fixedly connected with the connecting seat and rotatably connected with the trunk 3.

[0038] The upper limbs 2 and the lower limbs 5 have limb simulation structures respectively. The limb simulation structures of the upper limbs 2 and the lower limbs 5 are the same, and the upper limbs 2 are described as follows. The upper limbs 2 comprise upper bones 23, lower bones 28, an upper main control line 22, a lower main control line 29, an upper muscle simulation layer 27, a lower muscle simulation layer 210, an upper end tension adjuster 21, a middle tension adjuster 211 and a lower end tension adjuster 212.

[0039] The upper end tightness adjuster 21 is located above the upper bone 23, the lower end tightness adjuster 212 is located below the lower bone 28, and the middle tightness adjuster 211 is located at the rotating connection between the bottom of the upper bone 23 and the top of the lower bone 28 (two middle ring bodies 213 are respectively sleeved on the middle shaft body of the middle tightness adjuster 211);

[0040] The bottom of the upper bone 23 and the top of the lower bone 28 are connected through the middle ring body 213 and the middle tightness adjuster 211;

[0041] The upper main control line 22 passes through the upper bone groove 25 in the middle of the upper bone 23, and the upper free end of the upper main control line 22 is connected to the upper end tightness adjuster 21, and the lower free end of the lower main control line 29 is connected to the middle tightness adjuster 211;

[0042] The lower main control line 29 passes through the lower bone groove 214 in the middle of the lower bone 28, and the upper free end of the lower main control line 29 is connected to the middle tightness adjuster 211, and the lower free end of the lower main control line 29 is connected to the lower end tightness adjuster 212;

[0043] The upper end and the lower end of the upper bone 23 are respectively provided with an upper angle adjustment support 24, and the two upper angle adjustment supports 24 are attached to the upper bone 23 and the upper muscle simulation layer 27, and are connected through an upper connecting rod 26;

[0044] The two upper angle adjustment supports 24 each include two upper hinge seats 241 spaced apart and attached to the upper bone 23, and a plurality of upper support rods 242 are respectively and circumferentially spaced apart and connected to the outer periphery of the two upper hinge seats 241, one end of each upper support rod 242 is attached to the upper muscle simulation layer 27, and a plurality of upper secondary control lines 243 are respectively and circumferentially spaced apart and connected to the two upper hinge seats 241, and the other end of each upper secondary control line 243 is respectively connected to the upper main control line 22 (the upper secondary control line 243 located at the upper end of the upper bone 23 is connected to the upper end of the upper main control line 22, and the upper secondary control line 243 located at the lower end of the upper bone 23 is connected to the lower end of the upper main control line 22);

[0045] The upper end and the lower end of the lower bone 28 are respectively provided with a lower angle adjustment support 215, and the two lower angle adjustment supports 215 are attached to the lower bone 28 and the lower muscle simulation layer 210, and are connected through a lower connecting rod 216;

[0046] The two lower angle adjusting supports 215 each comprise two lower hinge seats 2151 attached to the lower bone 28, the outer periphery of the two lower hinge seats 2151 is respectively connected with a plurality of lower support rods 2152 in the circumferential direction, the other end of each lower support rod 2152 is attached to the lower muscle simulation layer 210, the two lower hinge seats 2151 are respectively connected with a plurality of lower secondary control lines 2153 in the circumferential direction, the other end of each lower secondary control line 2153 is respectively connected to the upper main control line 22 (wherein the lower secondary control line 2153 located at the upper end of the lower bone 28 is connected with the upper end of the lower main control line 29, and the lower secondary control line 2153 located at the lower end of the lower bone 28 is connected with the lower end of the lower main control line 29).

[0047] The lower end tightness adjuster 212 of the upper limb 2 is also connected with an upper end control line, and the upper end control line branches into five finger control lines 217, which are respectively connected with five finger support points 218.

[0048] The lower end tightness adjuster 212 of the lower limb 5 is also connected with a lower end control line 219, and the free end of the lower end control line 219 is connected with a foot ring body 220, and the foot ring body 220 is connected with a sole plate 221; the upper bone 23 of the lower limb 5 is connected with the hip 4 through the greater trochanter 6.

[0049] The upper bone and the lower bone of the upper limb 2 are respectively the upper arm bone and the forearm bone, and the upper bone and the lower bone of the lower limb 5 are respectively the thigh bone and the shank bone.

[0050] The upper limb 2 is provided with an upper limb pressure detection module, and the lower limb 5 is provided with a lower limb pressure detection module. Figure 7 As shown in the drawings, the upper limb pressure detection module comprises three upper limb pressure sensors 10, which are respectively located at the upper end, the middle and the lower end of the upper limb 2. The lower limb pressure detection module comprises three lower limb pressure sensors 11, which are respectively located at the upper end, the middle and the lower end of the lower limb 5. Each pressure sensor is used for detecting and transmitting pressure data. Among them, the pressure sensor at each position effectively covers the joint and the muscle near the corresponding position.

[0051] In the present application, each control line is connected with the spring barrel of the corresponding tightness adjuster. The structure principle of each tightness adjuster is the same as that of the industrial thread clipper in the prior art, and the tightness is adjusted by the extrusion degree of the spring.

[0052] When the spastic cerebral palsy infant model is used for rehabilitation training, the typical abnormal posture of the cerebral palsy child, the scissors posture, is taken as an example (see Figure 8The implementation steps are as follows: (1) control the head turning device, and set the levels of the head side tightness adjusters on the left and right sides of the head to make the model head present a left and downward, partial completion of the head spasm posture; (2) rotate the upper end tightness adjuster at the shoulder, release and take up the upper main control line of the upper limb through the upper bone groove, pull the upper secondary control line in the upper angle adjustable support frame, indirectly tighten the upper secondary control line, move the upper hinge seat upward to expand the upper support rod, the expansion of the upper support rod makes the upper simulated muscle layer rise, simulating the muscle spasm condition;

[0053] Rotate the middle tightness adjuster at the elbow and the lower end tightness adjuster at the wrist to pull the simulated elbow flexion posture; adjust the level of the lower end tightness adjuster at the wrist to tighten the finger control line, and realize the clenched fist action of the palm during spasm; simulate the clinical typical upper limb flexion spasm posture of the cerebral palsy children; (3) the lower limb uses the same principle as the upper limb, first adjust the upper end tightness adjuster at the thigh of the lower limb, simulate the condition of the lower limb muscle tension rising through the control of the upper support rod of the upper angle adjustable support frame; secondly, tighten the lower end tightness adjuster at the ankle to simulate the dorsiflexion of the ankle when the lower limb muscle tension rises; (4) after the abnormal posture is formed, the user adjusts the bad posture of the model according to the body position placing principle through the manual intervention on the specific joints and muscles, but under the control of the head turning control device and the tightness adjusters, the model will return to the bad posture, which is convenient for the user to practice. During the practice, the pressure sensor outputs the pressure signal to reflect the pressure of the specific joints and muscles in real time, and gives a warning when the pressure is too large to avoid the operation injury.

[0054] Through the above, the child model can simulate the abnormal posture and body position of the cerebral palsy children during spasm, such as the frog posture and the knife posture, and then assist the operator to carry out the corresponding operation practice. In the implementation, the tightness adjuster of different levels can be adjusted to adjust the spasm degree, simulate the change of the muscle tension of the spastic cerebral palsy children during spasm, and realize the simulation teaching of the cerebral palsy rehabilitation nursing skills.

[0055] The implementation of the application is described above in combination with the drawings, but the application is not limited to the above specific implementation, the above specific implementation is illustrative rather than limiting the application, and those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or part or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims and the specification of the application.

Claims

1. A spastic cerebral palsy infant model for teaching rehabilitation nursing skills, comprising a head, upper limbs, trunk, hips, and lower limbs, characterized in that: The top inner side of the trunk is connected with a head turning device, the upper end of which is connected with the head, and the head turning device is connected with a head tightness adjusting mechanism; The upper limbs and lower limbs are respectively provided with limb simulation structures; The limb simulation structures of the upper limbs and lower limbs each comprise an upper bone, a lower bone, an upper main control line, a lower main control line, an upper muscle simulation layer, a lower muscle simulation layer, an upper end tightness adjusting device, a middle tightness adjusting device and a lower end tightness adjusting device; The upper end tightness adjusting device is located above the upper bone, the lower end tightness adjusting device is located below the lower bone, and the middle tightness adjusting device is located at the rotation connection between the bottom of the upper bone and the top of the lower bone; The bottom of the upper bone and the top of the lower bone are connected with the middle tightness adjusting device through an intermediate annular body; The upper main control line passes through an upper bone slot in the middle of the upper bone, and the upper free end of the upper main control line is connected to the upper end tightness adjusting device, and the lower free end of the lower main control line is connected to the middle tightness adjusting device; The lower main control line passes through a lower bone slot in the middle of the lower bone, and the upper free end of the lower main control line is connected to the middle tightness adjusting device, and the lower free end of the lower main control line is connected to the lower end tightness adjusting device; The upper end and the lower end of the upper bone are respectively provided with upper angle adjusting supports, both of which are attached to the upper bone and the upper muscle simulation layer, and are connected through an upper connecting rod; Both of the upper angle adjusting supports comprise two upper hinge seats attached to the upper bone, the outer periphery of each of the two upper hinge seats is respectively connected with a plurality of upper support rods in the circumferential direction, the other end of each upper support rod is attached to the upper muscle simulation layer, and the two upper hinge seats are respectively connected with a plurality of upper secondary control lines in the circumferential direction, the other end of each upper secondary control line is respectively connected to the upper main control line; The upper end and the lower end of the lower bone are respectively provided with lower angle adjusting supports, both of which are attached to the lower bone and the lower muscle simulation layer, and are connected through a lower connecting rod; Both of the lower angle adjusting supports comprise two lower hinge seats attached to the lower bone, the outer periphery of each of the two lower hinge seats is respectively connected with a plurality of lower support rods in the circumferential direction, the other end of each lower support rod is attached to the lower muscle simulation layer, and the two lower hinge seats are respectively connected with a plurality of lower secondary control lines in the circumferential direction, the other end of each lower secondary control line is respectively connected to the upper main control line; The lower end tightness adjusting device of the upper limb is further connected with an upper terminal control line, which branches into five finger control lines connected with five finger fulcrums respectively; The lower end tightness adjusting device of the lower limb is further connected with a lower terminal control line, the free end of which is connected with a foot annular body connected with a sole plate; the top of the upper bone of the lower limb is connected with the hip through the greater trochanter of the femur; The upper limbs are provided with upper limb pressure detection modules, and the lower limbs are provided with lower limb pressure detection modules.

2. The spastic cerebral palsy infant model for teaching of nursing skills according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head tightness adjusting mechanism comprises a head front end tightness adjusting device and two head side tightness adjusting devices.

3. The spastic cerebral palsy infant model for teaching of nursing skills according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head turning device comprises a connecting seat fixedly connected in the head and a ball head rod fixed on the trunk and rotationally connected with the connecting seat.

4. The spastic cerebral palsy infant model for teaching of nursing skills according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper limb pressure detection module includes three upper limb pressure sensors respectively located at the upper end, the middle part and the lower end of the upper limb.

5. The spastic cerebral palsy infant model for teaching of nursing skills according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower limb pressure detection module includes three lower limb pressure sensors respectively located at the upper end, the middle part and the lower end of the lower limb.

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