A method and system for constructing a digital twin model of a gated water network

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of construction method and system of gate control water network digital twinborn model, including using Preissmann four-point implicit difference format to the conversion of the continuity equation and momentum equation of St.Venant equation group;Channel water conveyance internal compatibility condition equation is constructed, and constant flow and non-constant flow equation in water network water conveyance are established, according to the external boundary condition of the water network channel set, calculate water network flow state;Internal compatibility condition equation is constructed at the branch point of water network, according to the internal compatibility condition equation of gate in water network channel, calculate the flow of regulating gate;The water network model of the application is compared and verified with physical model test, prototype observation experimental data, and further parameter adjustment is satisfied to water level flow accurate simulation requirement.The application accurately and practically reflects the running state of water network in virtual state space model, and can solve the state simulation and accurate prediction problem of gate control water network under various complex operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of smart water conservancy and intelligent water network, specifically relating to a method and system for constructing a gate-controlled water network structure model. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of information technology, all industries are rapidly developing towards digital, information-based, networked, and intelligent industrial models. At the same time, with the maturity of the concept of digital twins and the development of technology, digital twin technology is emerging from components to complete machines, and from products to systems.

[0003] Water conservancy digital twin 3D simulation technology is an important foundation for the construction of smart water conservancy and a core support for the digitalization, networking, and intelligence of water conservancy. Digital twin technology makes full use of physical models, historical data, etc., and integrates simulation processes involving multiple disciplines, multiple physical quantities, multiple scales, and multiple probabilities to reflect the entire life cycle process of the corresponding physical equipment in virtual space. It realizes real-time bidirectional synchronous mapping and interaction between physical space and digital space.

[0004] Open channel water diversion and supply projects that combine water conveyance, water distribution, power generation, and safe operation are generally referred to as water supply-power generation channels, such as... Picture 2 As shown, if the guiding principles of safe water delivery, accurate water measurement, real-time safety monitoring of the project, and scientific, timely, and effective scheduling are implemented, the water supply project can be operated and managed safely, reliably, economically, and scientifically, while simultaneously achieving efficient utilization of hydropower and water resources, demonstrating significant advantages. However, the operation and control of the system involves multiple aspects such as hydrology and meteorology, water conditions and regulation, control and regulation, and the safety of generator units and structures, making it inherently difficult to achieve stable control. This is especially true when water demand changes are characterized by randomness, multi-objective nature, and real-time characteristics, further exacerbating the difficulty of realizing the benefits.

[0005] CN202211375508.0 discloses a method for modeling long-distance multi-section channels based on Civil3D. This method, based on the secondary development of Civil3D, can effectively solve the problem of modeling efficiency. However, this invention cannot complete the formal and functional verification of the built model. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art by providing a method and system for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network, in order to solve the problem that existing models themselves are difficult to achieve stable control when water demand changes have characteristics such as randomness, multi-objectiveness, and real-time nature.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] Firstly, a method and system for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. The continuity equation and momentum equation of the St. Venant equations are transformed using the Preissmann four-point implicit difference scheme to obtain the steady and unsteady flow equations of the water network channel.

[0010] S2. Construct the internal compatibility condition equations for water network at the points where water network branches or water network channels connect;

[0011] S3. Construct the internal compatibility condition equations for the gradual transition section of the water network channel during water conveyance;

[0012] S4. Calculate the flow rate of the control gate and use it as the external boundary condition in the water network channel;

[0013] S5. Construct a digital water network model based on the water network structure, and compare and verify the digital water network model with the physical model and the experimental results of prototype observation.

[0014] S6. Further adjust the parameters and repeatedly correct them until the requirements for accurate simulation of water level and flow are met, and obtain a digital twin model of the gate-controlled water network that meets the design requirements.

[0015] Furthermore, step S1 specifically includes:

[0016] The unsteady flow water transport process in the water network channel is described using the St. Venant equations:

[0017]

[0018] in, x Spatial coordinates; t Use time coordinates; A The water flow area; Q For traffic; q The lateral outflow rate per unit length; g It is the acceleration due to gravity; Z Water level; n This is the roughness coefficient; R The hydraulic radius; The width of the water surface.

[0019] Furthermore, the St. Venant equations are discretized using the implicit scheme Preissmann four-point spatiotemporal eccentricity method:

[0020]

[0021] The solution yields: ; ; ; ;

[0022] ; ; ; ; ;

[0023]

[0024] in, a 1i For the continuity equation j +1 moment i Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. b 1i For the continuity equation j +1 moment i Calculate the flow function of the cross section. c 1i For the continuity equation j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. d 1i For the continuity equation j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the flow function of the cross-section. e 1i for i +1 Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. a 2i The momentum equation j +1 moment i Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. b 2i The momentum equation j +1 moment i Calculate the flow function of the cross section. c 2i The momentum equation j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. d 2i The momentum equation j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the flow function of the cross-section. e 2i for i +1 Calculate the flow function of the cross-section; for j +1 moment i Calculate the water level at the cross-section. for j +1 moment i Calculate the flow rate at the cross-section. for j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the water level at the cross-section. for j +1 momenti +1 Calculate the flow rate at the cross-section, △ t Let Δx be the time step. i For spatial step size, θ As a time-weighted factor, I The ratio is the reduction factor. A M For the water flow area of ​​the model, This represents the width of the water surface in the model.

[0025] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes:

[0026] Upstream boundary conditions of the water network channel:

[0027]

[0028] Downstream boundary conditions of the water network channel:

[0029]

[0030] in, a 0 represents the upstream boundary water level function. 、b 0 represents the upstream boundary flow function. 、 This is a function of the upstream boundary water level and flow rate. This refers to the water depth at the upstream boundary. For upstream boundary flow; a n upstream boundary water level function 、b n upstream boundary flow function 、 This is a function of the upstream boundary water level and flow rate. The downstream boundary water depth; For downstream boundary flow;

[0031] when a 0=1, b When 0=0, it represents the water depth boundary; when a n =0, b n When =1, it represents the flow boundary.

[0032] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes:

[0033] The internal compatibility condition equation for the water conveyance transition section in the water network channel is:

[0034]

[0035] The compatibility condition equation within the gradual water conveyance section is rewritten as follows:

[0036] ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

[0037] in, ε This is the local drag coefficient. for j time i Calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage. for j time i Calculate the width of the water surface in the cross section. for i Calculate the cross-sectional water level. j time i +1 Calculate the cross-sectional area through which water flows. for j time i +1 Calculate the width of the water surface in the cross section. for i +1 Calculate the water level at the cross-section.

[0038] Furthermore, step S4 specifically includes:

[0039] The internal compatibility condition equation at the water network inlets is:

[0040]

[0041] The internal compatibility condition equation at the point of origin of the water network is rewritten as:

[0042] ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

[0043] in, The flow rate at the branch point.

[0044] Furthermore, step S5 specifically includes:

[0045] Free outflow equation:

[0046]

[0047] Submerged outflow equation:

[0048]

[0049] Based on the free outflow equation and the submerged outflow equation, the flow equation for the control channel gate is calculated as follows:

[0050]

[0051] in, μ It includes coefficients such as lateral contraction coefficient, submergence coefficient, and flow coefficient; b The flow width of the gate or weir; h i The depth of the water in front of the sluice gate; h i+1 This refers to the water depth after the sluice gate. e For the gate opening, h 3 represents the downstream water depth;

[0052] The flow equation for the control channel gate is rewritten as follows:

[0053] ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

[0054] in, for .

[0055] Furthermore, step S5 also includes calculating the steady flow equations in the water network channels:

[0056] The fundamental differential equation for a constant, gradually varying flow is:

[0057]

[0058] in, For cross-sectional specific energy, The angle between the bottom of the canal and the horizontal line. For kinetic energy correction factor, hydraulic gradient , C For the Xie Cai coefficient, R For hydraulic radius, i The bottom slope of the canal;

[0059] Integrating the fundamental differential equation of a constant, gradually varying flow, we obtain:

[0060]

[0061] The fundamental differential equation of a constant, gradually varying flow is transformed into a finite difference form using approximate calculations:

[0062]

[0063] in, E sd To determine the cross-sectional specific energy of the desired cross-section; E su Δs represents the cross-sectional specific energy of a known cross-section; Δs is the distance between the two cross-sections. is the average hydraulic gradient between the two cross sections; r is the direction parameter.

[0064] Furthermore, step S5 also includes calculating the unsteady flow equations in the water network channels:

[0065] The basic equations for unsteady flow are formed based on the boundary conditions of water network water conveyance, and their matrix form is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] , ,

[0068] Given that the upstream boundary condition of the water network channel is a known water depth, we can obtain:

[0069]

[0070] in, P 1 is the known water depth boundary value. ，R 1 is the hydraulic radius of the upstream boundary and R 1 = 0;

[0071] Will Substitute into the matrix From the terms, we can obtain:

[0072]

[0073] in, For the flow rate at section 1, For the flow rate at section 2, cross-section n -1 flow rate Let n be the flow rate at section n. The water level at section 1, The water level at section 2, The water level at section 3, cross-section n Water level.

[0074] Secondly, a system for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network includes:

[0075] The St. Venant equation transformation module uses the Preissmann four-point implicit difference scheme to transform the continuity equation and momentum equation of the St. Venant equation system;

[0076] The external boundary setting module is used to set the external boundary conditions of each channel in the water network;

[0077] The transition section module is used to construct the internal compatibility condition equations for the transition section in the water transport of the water network channel;

[0078] The water distribution module is used to construct the internal compatibility condition equations of the water distribution points at the water network inlets;

[0079] The gate internal compatibility condition module is used to calculate the gate internal compatibility condition equation during the water conveyance process in the water network using the gate flow formula, and to calculate the flow in the water network channel under gate control.

[0080] The simulation calculation module uses the steady and unsteady flow equations in digital water networks to calculate the water flow state of the water network.

[0081] The verification module constructs a digital water network model based on the water network structure, and compares and verifies the digital water network model with the physical model and the experimental results of prototype observation, so as to obtain an accurate digital twin model of the gate-controlled water network.

[0082] The method and system for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0083] This invention improves the hydrodynamic model applied to channel gate control. It uses the gate flow equation as the boundary condition of the St. Venant equations, employs the Preissmann four-point implicit difference scheme to transform and solve the continuity and momentum equations of the St. Venant equations, and constructs internal compatibility condition equations for the transition section, the water distribution point, and the gate itself. Finally, it calculates the steady and unsteady flow equations for channel water conveyance. The model is then validated using existing hydrodynamic equations to provide a better channel structure design. This enables functional linkage between the control gates and monitoring stations, achieving coordinated operation and response between water supply and power generation systems during control. Furthermore, it allows for real-time adjustment and optimization of other channel parameters based on water demand changes, maintaining stable control of the channel structure. Attached Figure Description

[0084] Picture 1 The flowchart shows the construction method and system of the digital twin model of the gate-controlled water network.

[0085] Picture 2 This is a diagram of the water supply and power generation channel.

[0086] Picture 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transition section of the method and system for constructing the digital twin model of the gate-controlled water network of the present invention.

[0087] Picture 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water distribution point of the method and system for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network according to the present invention.

[0088] Picture 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped gate submerged orifice flow in the method and system for constructing the digital twin model of the gate-controlled water network of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0089] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes are obvious as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims. All inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0090] Example 1, Reference Picture 1 The method for constructing the water supply-power generation channel structure model in this embodiment uses the gate flow equation as the boundary condition of the St. Venant equation system and employs the Preissmann implicit difference scheme to perform incremental linearization processing on the St. Venant equation system at the steady point. This includes the following steps:

[0091] Step S1: The continuity and momentum equations of the St. Venant equations are transformed using the Preissmann four-point implicit difference scheme to obtain the steady and unsteady flow equations for the water network channel. Specifically, this includes:

[0092] The unsteady flow water transport process in the water network channel is described using the St. Venant equations:

[0093] (1)

[0094] in, x Spatial coordinates; t Use time coordinates; A The water flow area; Q For traffic; q The lateral outflow rate per unit length; g It is the acceleration due to gravity; Z Water level; n This is the roughness coefficient; R The hydraulic radius; The width of the water surface.

[0095] The St. Venant equations are discretized using the implicit scheme Preissmann four-point spatiotemporal eccentricity method:

[0096] (2)

[0097] The solution yields: ; ; ; ;

[0098] ; ; ; ; ;

[0099]

[0100] in, a 1i For the continuity equation j +1 moment i Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. b 1i For the continuity equation j +1 moment i Calculate the flow function of the cross section. c 1i For the continuity equation j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. d 1i For the continuity equation j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the flow function of the cross-section. e 1i for i +1 Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. a 2i The momentum equation j +1 moment i Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. b 2i The momentum equation j +1 moment i Calculate the flow function of the cross section. c 2i The momentum equation j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the water level function of the cross-section. d 2i The momentum equation j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the flow function of the cross-section. e 2i for i+1 Calculate the flow function of the cross-section; for j +1 moment i Calculate the water level at the cross-section. for j +1 moment i Calculate the flow rate at the cross-section. for j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the water level at the cross-section. for j +1 moment i +1 Calculate the flow rate at the cross-section, △ t Let Δx be the time step. i For spatial step size, θ As a time-weighted factor, I The ratio is the reduction factor. A M For the water flow area of ​​the model, This represents the width of the water surface in the model.

[0101] Step S2: Construct the internal compatibility condition equations for the water network at its inlets or junctions, which specifically include the following:

[0102] Specifically, the external boundary conditions of the channel water conveyance system can be summarized as water depth boundary conditions, flow rate boundary conditions, and flow rate-water depth relationship boundary conditions; the modeling is carried out by combining the upstream water depth boundary and the downstream flow rate boundary.

[0103] Among them, the upstream boundary conditions of the water network channel are:

[0104] (3)

[0105] Downstream boundary conditions of the water network channel:

[0106] (4)

[0107] in, a 0 represents the upstream boundary water level function. 、b 0 represents the upstream boundary flow function. 、 This is a function of the upstream boundary water level and flow rate. This refers to the water depth at the upstream boundary. For upstream boundary flow; a n upstream boundary water level function 、b n upstream boundary flow function 、 This is a function of the upstream boundary water level and flow rate. The downstream boundary water depth; For downstream boundary flow;

[0108] when a 0=1, b When 0=0, it represents the water depth boundary; when a n =0, b n When =1, it represents the flow boundary.

[0109] Step S3, Reference Picture 3 The internal compatibility condition equations for the gradual transition section of the water transport network are constructed, specifically including:

[0110] Gradual transition section:

[0111] The internal compatibility condition equation for the water conveyance transition section in the water network channel is:

[0112] (5)

[0113] Rewriting equation (5) in the form of equation (2), we have:

[0114] ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

[0115] in, ε This is the local drag coefficient. for j time i Calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage. for j time i Calculate the width of the water surface in the cross section. for i Calculate the cross-sectional water level. j time i +1 Calculate the cross-sectional area through which water flows. for j time i +1 Calculate the width of the water surface in the cross section. for i +1 Calculate the water level at the cross-section.

[0116] Step S4, Reference Picture 4 The calculation of the flow through the control gate is used as an external boundary condition in the water network channel, which specifically includes:

[0117] The internal compatibility condition equation at the water network inlets is:

[0118] (6)

[0119] in, This represents the water flow rate.

[0120] Rewriting equation (6) in the form of equation (2), that is, rewriting the internal compatibility condition equation at the outlet of the water network as:

[0121] ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

[0122] in, The flow rate at the branch point.

[0123] Step S5, Reference Picture 5 A digital water network model is constructed based on the water network structure. The digital water network model is then compared and verified with the physical model and prototype observation experimental results. This process specifically includes the following:

[0124] The compatibility condition equations inside the gates are calculated using an arc-shaped gate for water conveyance in the channel, and the flow equations for controlling the channel gates are also calculated. Specifically, this includes:

[0125] Assuming unit width flow q It is the gate opening. e Gravitational acceleration g Energy difference before and after passing through the gate HE and absolute viscosity coefficient μ The function was used to derive the hydraulic relationship under the outflow condition, which is in the form of... ,in , , Where m and c are constant coefficients, the formulas for free outflow and submerged outflow are obtained based on this formula as follows:

[0126] Free outflow equation:

[0127] (8)

[0128] Submerged outflow equation:

[0129] (9)

[0130] Based on the free outflow equation and the submerged outflow equation, the flow equation for the control channel gate is calculated as follows:

[0131] (10)

[0132] in, μ It includes coefficients such as lateral contraction coefficient, submergence coefficient, and flow coefficient; b The flow width of the gate or weir; h i The depth of the water in front of the sluice gate; h i+1 This refers to the water depth after the sluice gate. e For the gate opening, h 3 represents the downstream water depth.

[0133] Equation (10) can be rewritten in the form of equation (2), that is, the flow equation of the control channel gate can be rewritten as:

[0134] ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

[0135] in, for .

[0136] Calculate the equations for steady and unsteady flow in channel water conveyance;

[0137] Steady flow:

[0138] The fundamental differential equation for a constant, gradually varying flow is of the form:

[0139] (11)

[0140] in, For cross-sectional specific energy, The angle between the bottom of the canal and the horizontal line. This is the kinetic energy correction factor. Hydraulic gradient. , C For the Xie Cai coefficient, R For hydraulic radius, i It is the bottom slope of the canal.

[0141] Integrating the above equation, we get:

[0142] (12)

[0143] Through approximate calculations, the fundamental differential equation for steady, gradually varied flow in a prismatic channel can be transformed into a finite difference form:

[0144] (13)

[0145] in, E sd To determine the cross-sectional specific energy of the desired cross-section; E su Δs represents the cross-sectional specific energy of a known cross-section; Δs is the distance between the two cross-sections. is the average hydraulic gradient between the two cross sections; r is a directional parameter, with a coefficient of 1 when the flow is slow and a coefficient of -1 when the flow is rapid.

[0146] Unsteady flow in water network channels

[0147] The basic equations for unsteady flow are formed based on the boundary conditions of water network water conveyance, and their matrix form is as follows:

[0148] (14)

[0149] , ,

[0150] Given that the upstream boundary condition of the water network channel is a known water depth, the solution can be obtained from equation (15).

[0151] (16)

[0152] in, P 1 is the known water depth boundary value. ，R 1 is the hydraulic radius of the upstream boundary and R 1 = 0;

[0153] Substitute equation (16) into the matrix Item, we get:

[0154] (17)

[0155] In this embodiment, equation (14) is the final model, (17) is the expression on the boundary, and step S6 is the parameter solution process. Based on this model, the flow rate and water depth parameters at any location in the channel can be calculated, thereby forming a digital twin of the gate-controlled water network. The optimized channel model can be obtained by adjusting the relevant parameters according to the generated data and design requirements.

[0156] Comparative verification;

[0157] The accuracy of water level and flow rate measurements was verified through the established hydrodynamic model and model tests. Based on the monitoring station types determined in the preliminary device structure scheme, controlled variable experiments were conducted to investigate the accuracy of measurements taken at the initial monitoring station sites under different water level and flow conditions and in different states of the channel, and to determine whether these limited data could reflect the current overall system status. Simultaneously, the feasibility of channel control operation under different conditions was verified, in accordance with the "Gate Hydraulic Model Test Procedure (SL 159-2012)," to assess the rationality of the channel component layout and to verify the coordination and integration of the channel control system when facing different types of conditions sequentially.

[0158] Furthermore, based on the deviations shown by the simulation test results from the expected measurement accuracy and control effect, some measures need to be taken, including but not limited to: optimizing and selecting the type of monitoring station, relocating the monitoring stations, and adjusting the position and structure of the control device.

[0159] Meanwhile, after completing a phase of adjustment based on the current model simulation feedback, the next phase of simulation is carried out, and feedback and adjustments are continuously made until the location of the monitoring station can accurately represent the working condition of the entire system and the device structure can cope with and connect different working conditions and channel status.

[0160] Step S6: Further adjust parameters and repeatedly correct until the requirements for accurate simulation of water level and flow are met, resulting in a digital twin model of the gate-controlled water network that meets the design requirements. This specifically includes:

[0161] There are three unknowns in equation (17) in step S5. Q 1 、h 2 、Q 2. Since there are only two equations, only two unknowns can be solved, and the third unknown is used as a parameter:

[0162] (18)

[0163] In the formula, L 2 、M 2 、P 2 、R 2 can be uniquely determined.

[0164] Substitute equation (18) into the matrix i =2 terms, and so on, until the th term i In the item:

[0165] (19)

[0166] The coefficients in the formula are:

[0167] , , , ,

[0168] in ; ; ; ; . i=n- When 1, from the matrix i=n The corresponding equations are used to obtain Q n Indicated Q n-1 , h n The expression, that is:

[0169] (20)

[0170] Considering the downstream boundary conditions in equation (15) a n h n + b n Q n = e n Solving this equation simultaneously with the second equation in equation (20), we get:

[0171] (twenty one)

[0172] Substituting equation (21) back into equation (20), we can obtain the result. h n , Q n-1 And so on, until the final result is obtained. h 1.

[0173] Example 2

[0174] This embodiment provides a method and system for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network, including:

[0175] The St. Venant equation transformation module uses the Preissmann four-point implicit difference scheme to transform the continuity equation and momentum equation of the St. Venant equation system;

[0176] The external boundary setting module is used to set the external boundary conditions of each channel in the water network;

[0177] The transition section module is used to construct the internal compatibility condition equations for the transition section in the water transport of the water network channel;

[0178] The water distribution module is used to construct the internal compatibility condition equations of the water distribution points at the water network inlets;

[0179] The gate internal compatibility condition module is used to calculate the gate internal compatibility condition equation during the water conveyance process in the water network using the gate flow formula, and to calculate the flow in the water network channel under gate control.

[0180] The simulation calculation module uses the steady and unsteady flow equations in digital water networks to calculate the water flow state of the water network.

[0181] The verification module constructs a digital water network model based on the water network structure, and compares and verifies the digital water network model with the physical model and the experimental results of prototype observation, so as to obtain an accurate digital twin model of the gate-controlled water network.

[0182] Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Various modifications and variations that can be made by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort within the scope described in the claims still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The continuity equation and momentum equation of the St. Venant equations are transformed using the Preissmann four-point implicit difference scheme to obtain the steady and unsteady flow equations of the water network channel. S2. Construct the internal compatibility condition equations for water network at the points where water network branches or water network channels connect; S3. Construct the internal compatibility condition equations for the gradual transition section of the water network channel during water conveyance; S4. Calculate the flow rate of the control gate and use it as the external boundary condition in the water network channel; S5. Construct a digital water network model based on the water network structure, and compare and verify the digital water network model with the physical model and the experimental results of prototype observation. S6. Further adjust the parameters and repeatedly correct them until the requirements for accurate simulation of water level and flow are met, and obtain a digital twin model of the gate-controlled water network that meets the design requirements; Step S5 specifically includes: Free outflow equation: Submerged outflow equation: Based on the free outflow equation and the submerged outflow equation, the flow equation for the control channel gate is calculated as follows: in, μ It includes coefficients such as lateral contraction coefficient, submergence coefficient, and flow coefficient; b The flow width of the gate or weir; h i The water depth in front of the sluice gate; h i+1 This refers to the water depth after the sluice gate. e For the gate opening, h 3 represents the downstream water depth; The flow equation for the control channel gate is rewritten as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； in, for ; The St. Venant equations are discretized using the implicit scheme Preissmann four-point spatiotemporal eccentricity method: The solution yields: ; ; ; ; ； ； ； ； ； Among them, △ t Let Δx be the time step. i For spatial step size, θ As a time-weighted factor, I The ratio is the reduction factor. A M For the water flow area of ​​the model, This represents the width of the water surface in the model.

2. The method for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes: The unsteady flow water transport process in the water network channel is described using the St. Venant equations: in, x Spatial coordinates; t 1 is the time coordinate; A is the cross-sectional area; Q is the flow rate; q is the lateral outflow rate per unit length; g is the gravitational acceleration; Z is the water level; n is the roughness coefficient. R The hydraulic radius; The width of the water surface.

3. The method for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: Upstream boundary conditions of the water network channel: Downstream boundary conditions of the water network channel: in, For the upstream boundary water level function, Let be the upstream boundary flow function. This is a function relating the upstream boundary water level and flow rate. The water depth at the upstream boundary. For upstream boundary flow; For the downstream boundary water level function, For downstream boundary flow function, This is a function relating downstream boundary water level and flow rate. For the downstream boundary water depth, For downstream boundary flow; when a 0=1, b When 0=0, it represents the water depth boundary; when a n =0, b n When =1, it represents the flow boundary.

4. The method for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: The internal compatibility condition equation for the water conveyance transition section in the water network channel is: The compatibility condition equation within the gradual water conveyance section is rewritten as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； in, ε This is the local drag coefficient.

5. The method for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically includes: The internal compatibility condition equation at the water network inlets is: The internal compatibility condition equation at the point of origin of the water network is rewritten as: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； in, The flow rate at the branch point.

6. The method for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 further includes calculating the steady flow equation in the water network channel: The fundamental differential equation for a constant, gradually varying flow is: in, For cross-sectional specific energy, The angle between the bottom of the canal and the horizontal line. For kinetic energy correction factor, hydraulic gradient C is the Chezy coefficient, and R is the hydraulic radius. The bottom slope of the canal; Integrating the fundamental differential equation of a constant, gradually varying flow, we obtain: The fundamental differential equation of a constant, gradually varying flow is transformed into a finite difference form using approximate calculations: in, E sd To determine the cross-sectional specific energy of the desired cross-section; E su Δs represents the cross-sectional specific energy of a known cross-section; Δs is the distance between the two cross-sections. is the average hydraulic gradient between the two cross sections; r is the direction parameter.

7. The method for constructing a digital twin model of a gate-controlled water network according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S5 further includes calculating the unsteady flow equations in the water network channel: The basic equations for unsteady flow are formed based on the boundary conditions of water network water conveyance, and their matrix form is as follows: ， F Given that the upstream boundary condition of the water network channel is a known water depth, we can obtain: in, P 1 is the known water depth boundary value. ，R 1 is the hydraulic radius of the upstream boundary and R 1 = 0; Will Substitute into the matrix From the terms, we can obtain: in, For the flow rate at section 1, For the flow rate at section 2, cross-section n -1 flow rate Let n be the flow rate at section n. The water level at section 1, The water level at section 2, The water level at section 3, cross-section n Water level.

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