Treatment of special conditions in caisson sinking process and use of supporting equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for handling special conditions of a caisson pressure-sinking process and a method for using supporting machinery and tools, including a method for implementing the caisson pressure-sinking process by adopting an assembled bullnose, a through-hole oil cylinder and a sinking-assisting machine; a method for correcting the left-right height difference tilt of the caisson by adopting a column support rod, so as to correct the caisson and improve or eliminate the left-right height difference of the caisson; a method for correcting the coordinate offset of the caisson by using an auxiliary machine and a structural device for erecting anti-pull piles, so as to ensure the design specification requirements when the caisson sinks in a dynamic process and is affected by soil quality and the surrounding environment and tilts, left-right elevation deviations, and coordinates deviate from the design position; and a method for correcting the torsional offset of a circular caisson by using an auxiliary machine and a structural device for erecting anti-pull piles, so as to correct the torsional offset of a circular caisson that is prone to angular displacement and deflection, thereby improving and solving the drawbacks of the caisson pressure-assisted sinking process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underground caisson, in particular to a method for processing special conditions of a caisson pressure sinking process and using supporting machinery and tools. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the development of pressure-assisted caisson sinking technology, its advantages have become more prominent and gradually been promoted and applied. However, some common process deficiencies and defects in the caisson construction process and special working condition defects of the pressure-assisted sinking process exist, such as: the height difference deviation, displacement, and rotation deviation of the caisson (which is easy to occur in circular caissons if there are orientation requirements such as reserved pipe inlet and outlet holes on the side wall). Special working condition defects of the pressure-assisted sinking process for caissons include: the steel strand anchor plate clip of the through-hole oil cylinder getting stuck, the steel strand loosening, the uneven force on a group of steel strands in the through-hole oil cylinder, which is easy to break wires and strands (currently, the pressure loading of caissons is usually implemented by the through-hole oil cylinder with steel strand and clip anchor plate method, which is much simpler to operate than the through-hole oil cylinder with tie rod bolt pair), and the unreasonable structural design and layout of the bracket for installing the pressure-assisted sinking oil cylinder due to the large load, which affects the quality and safety of caisson construction. Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a commonly used caisson pressure (force) sinking process. This involves pre-installing a set of embedded welded brackets and diagonal braces on the well wall, installing through-hole cylinders for pressure sinking, and positioning a pull-out pile below the ground, with the through-hole cylinders and the pull-out piles connected by a steel strand, a fixed anchor fixed to the pile head, and a working anchor plate on the cylinder to form a force-adding device. (The steel strand, fixed anchor, and working anchor plate combination can also be replaced with a tie rod and bolt pair, but this is less common due to the complexity of the process.) Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned common construction problems and safety hazards, according to different situations, the present invention provides a method for handling special conditions of the caisson pressure-assisted sinking process and the use of supporting equipment or through their combined use, to improve and solve the drawbacks of the current caisson pressure-assisted sinking process.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for handling special conditions in a caisson pressure sinking process and using supporting machinery and tools, including a method for implementing a caisson pressure sinking process using an assembled corbel, a through-hole oil cylinder, and a sinking-assisting machine. By applying a horizontal pulling force to a main corbel used for caisson pressure sinking, and combining it with the vertical force of the oil cylinder, a combined force that presses the well wall is generated on the corbel, so that the bending moment stress formed by the main corbel becomes very small, thereby being able to remove the diagonal brace provided under the conventional fixed corbel; a method for correcting the left and right height difference of the caisson is used to correct the caisson, thereby improving or eliminating the left and right height difference of the caisson; and a method for assisting the erection of pull-out piles. The method of correcting the coordinate deviation of the caisson by using machinery and structural devices is used for the dynamic process of caisson sinking. When the caisson is affected by the soil quality and the surrounding environment, it will be corrected when tilt, left and right elevation deviation, and coordinate deviation from the design position occur to ensure the design specification requirements; the method of correcting the torsional deviation of the circular caisson by using auxiliary machinery and structural devices for erecting pull-out piles is used for circular wells that are prone to angular displacement and deflection. When the circular well has pipe inlet and outlet openings reserved on the side wall with orientation requirements, correction is performed when the angular displacement deviation exceeds the specification requirements or affects the quality of engineering construction, thereby improving and solving the drawbacks of the caisson pressure-assisted sinking process.

[0006] Furthermore, a method for implementing the caisson pressure sinking process is adopted by using assembled corbels equipped with through-hole cylinders and auxiliary sinking equipment, which uses detachable assembled main corbels and their embedded parts, horizontal pull rods and matching through-hole cylinders, auxiliary corbels for horizontal pull rods and their embedded parts, as well as through-hole cylinders for sinking, steel strands, pull-out piles, and anchors for fixing steel ropes that are standard for the caisson pressure sinking process; when the caisson enters the pressure sinking condition, when the vertical cylinder applies pressure, the horizontal cylinder acts at the same time to make the horizontal pull rod generate a horizontal force on the main corbel, and make the horizontal force greater than the vertical pressure sinking force, so that a combined force that presses the well wall is generated on the main corbel, making the bending moment stress formed by the main corbel very small.

[0007] Furthermore, a method for correcting the left and right height difference inclination of the caisson is adopted: when the left and right height difference cannot be fully controlled during the sinking of the caisson, a set of column support rod assemblies is installed on the top of the excessively sinking side using pull-out piles. A through-core oil cylinder is placed on the top of the column support rod to support the main bull leg of the caisson and form a hard-leg fulcrum to limit excessive sinking on that side. A certain amount of expansion and contraction is left in the through-core oil cylinder. According to the force conditions, the load at the fulcrum position is adjusted by oil pressure or expansion and contraction of the through-core oil cylinder to avoid overloading of the column support rod or the bull leg.

[0008] Furthermore, the support point of the column strut can be set to a single point or multiple points as needed; as the caisson moves downward, the height of the support point needs to be continuously lowered. When the through-core cylinder retracts to the bottom, remove a section of the column strut, and then extend the through-core cylinder to tighten the corbel. If the length is insufficient, adjust it by adjusting the column strut and adding gaskets.

[0009] Furthermore, a method for correcting the coordinate offset of the caisson is provided by erecting auxiliary machinery and structural devices using pull-out piles; using pull-out piles, the pull-out piles on the side close to the caisson offset and the adjacent pull-out piles on both sides are connected in series with specially made steel ground beams, or all the pull-out piles are connected with steel ground beams, screws and jacking cylinder fixed beams are installed on the top surface of the ground beam of the pull-out piles near the caisson side, the screws and jacking cylinder fixed beams face one side of the caisson, a pushing cylinder is installed, a top iron is installed on the top of the piston rod of the jacking cylinder, the top iron is pressed tightly against the well wall, left and right swingable nuts are installed on both sides of the screw and jacking cylinder fixed beams, the adjacent pull-out piles are connected to the top surface of the steel ground beam, a screw sleeve fixing component is installed, the tension screw is passed through it, and is screwed and connected with the nuts on both sides of the fixed beam, a nut is installed on the top of the tension screw to fix the tension screw.

[0010] Furthermore, a circle of reinforced concrete ground beams is poured on the ground around the outer periphery of the caisson to strengthen the lateral resistance of the pull-out piles.

[0011] Furthermore, a method for correcting the torsional deviation of a circular caisson is provided by erecting auxiliary machinery and structural devices using pull-out piles; the same "coordinate deviation correction method" is used to erect auxiliary machinery and structural devices, firstly a steel ground beam is installed on the top of the pull-out pile, a screw sleeve fixing component is installed on the top surface thereof, a correction corbel is planted at an appropriate position on the caisson wall, a bracing screw is used to connect the corbel and the screw sleeve fixing into one body, a through-core oil cylinder is installed at one end of the bracing screw, and then both ends of the bracing screw are locked with nuts.

[0012] Furthermore, according to the actual torque required for correction, several groups of such correction devices are configured. Similarly, the pull-out piles use steel ground beams, which are grouped or connected in series to enhance their lateral stability.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] The present invention utilizes the pull-out piles manufactured by the caisson pressure-assisted sinking process and the supporting tools such as the through-hole oil cylinder, steel strand, tie rod bolt pair, anchor plate anchor, and then provides a number of auxiliary components such as ground beams, column struts, through-hole oil cylinders and anchor rod fixing frames, top irons, pads, emergency embedded parts, etc. In addition, by optimizing the operating method, the drawbacks and defects of the current caisson and pressure-assisted sinking process operations are improved and solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a common vertical view of the fixed bracket configuration through-hole oil cylinder caisson pressure (force) sinking process;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an elevational view of the sinking process of the caisson assembled type bracket fixed through-core oil cylinder and other sinking aids of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the assembled corbels and through-hole cylinders and other sinking equipment;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the resultant force generated by the vertical subsidence force and the horizontal pull rod force on the main bracket during subsidence;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a plan view of the pressure (force) assisted sinking process of the assembled corbel caisson;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a method for correcting the left and right height difference in a caisson by using column struts;

[0021] Figure 7 It is an elevation drawing of auxiliary machinery and structural devices for erecting pull-out piles and correcting the deviation of caisson coordinates;

[0022] Figure 8 It is a plan view of auxiliary machinery and structural devices for erecting pull-out piles and correcting the deviation of caisson coordinates;

[0023] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view of the auxiliary equipment and structural devices used for correcting the coordinate deviation of the caisson;

[0024] Figure 10 It is a plan view of auxiliary machinery and structural devices for erecting pull-out piles and correcting the torsion of circular caissons. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is a further detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following figures are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention provides a method for handling special conditions of caisson sinking process and using supporting equipment, such as Figures 2 to 10 shown.

[0027] Figure 1 Traditional caisson construction techniques can easily damage surrounding structures and pipelines. They are also limited in soil suitability, have shallow sinking depths, and are prone to tilting. Under specific soil conditions, water-filled caisson sinking can result in slow construction progress, low time efficiency, and high economic costs.

[0028] Caissons utilize a pressure-assisted sinking process. This method utilizes pressure, replacing the traditional method of relying solely on the caisson's own weight with a combination of weight and adjustable pressure. This allows the caisson to sink with a sufficient coefficient, eliminating any adverse effects of soil on the caisson. This significant advantage has led to its widespread application.

[0029] Because sinking a caisson causes micro-disturbance in the soil, the distance between the pullout piles and the caisson wall is large, requiring a large outreach for the corbels installed at the wall. This cantilevered corbel generates significant bending moments at the base of the embedded components. To overcome this disadvantage, corbels are typically welded to the embedded components and braced underneath to improve their load-bearing conditions. However, the bracing of the corbels forces the final caisson opening to rise significantly above ground level. In many designs, this exposure to the ground is not permitted, and this reinforced concrete structure must be removed, resulting in significant labor, waste, and time. This results in significant waste.

[0030] Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 : In response to the above situation, an assembled corbel is used to improve the stress state of the corbel by adding a set of horizontal pull rod equipment components. Specifically, when the caisson enters the sinking condition and the vertical cylinder applies pressure, the horizontal cylinder acts at the same time to make the pull rod generate a horizontal force on the main corbel, and make the horizontal force greater than the vertical sinking force. In this way, a combined force that presses the well wall is generated on the corbel, so that the bending moment stress formed by the main corbel becomes very small.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the caisson sinking process implemented by an assembled corbel equipped with a through-hole oil cylinder and an auxiliary sinking machine according to the present invention. A detachable assembled main corbel 1 and its embedded parts, a horizontal tie rod and a matching through-hole oil cylinder 3, an auxiliary corbel 4 for the horizontal tie rod and its embedded parts 5 are used, as well as the through-hole oil cylinder 2 for sinking, a steel strand 7 (which can also be replaced by a bolt auxiliary tie rod), a pull-out pile 9, an anchor 8 for fixing a steel strand (tie rod), etc., which are standard for the caisson sinking process. The auxiliary corbel 4 for the horizontal tie rod has screw holes prefabricated on the bottom surface for connecting to the embedded parts of each section of the wellhead wall, and a through hole for passing the horizontal tie rod for local reinforcement is opened on the side. By adding horizontal tension to the main corbel 1 for sinking the caisson 10, a combined force that presses the well wall is generated on the main corbel 1, which makes the bending moment stress formed by the main corbel 1 very small (see Figure 3 、 Figure 4 ), therefore, the conventional fixed corbel ( Figure 1 )The diagonal brace provided below is unnecessary and can be removed.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a plan view of the caisson pressure (force) assisted sinking process; the example shown is a circular well, but it is also applicable to square wells. According to actual working conditions, the force device can be set at multiple points (groups) as long as it meets the requirements of high cost performance and easy operation.

[0033] Figure 6It is a method of correcting the left and right height difference tilt of the caisson by using column struts; due to the soil excavation and sinking of the caisson, the soil is actually slightly disturbed by factors such as the unevenness of the soil on the left and right sides of the caisson and the asymmetry of the soil excavation, causing the caisson to sway from side to side. Under the action of the oil cylinder loading and gravity: the soil settles and moves down → dynamic balance stabilizes → soil is excavated again → load is unbalanced → the caisson settles and moves down again. The caisson sinks in an orderly manner by artificially destroying the controllable soil to excavate the soil. However, when the geological changes around the caisson are significant or there are river channels, undercurrents, structures, deep foundation tunnels, etc. that have a great impact on the stability of the soil, the left and right forces of the caisson will be unbalanced, causing the caisson to tilt when sinking, and the left and right height difference to be out of control, and even affecting the quality of the project. Therefore, the conventional water filling in the well and the balanced loading of each loading point during the pressurization of the caisson will correct the deviation of the caisson and improve or eliminate the height difference between the left and right sides of the caisson. In more extreme cases, when the caisson sinks, the above measures are taken, and further tilting occurs, and the height difference between the left and right sides cannot be fully controlled. On the side that sinks too much, a steel cable is installed on the top of the pull-out pile 9 to fix the steel structure of the anchor (on which a flange that can be connected to the column support rod is prefabricated), and a set of column support rod assemblies 11 are installed. The rod assembly 11 consists of a standard length column support rod 11-1 and a shorter adjustment support rod 11-2. The support rods are made of steel pipes with flanges welded at both ends. The whole is symmetrically split into half and connected with bolts. A support rod top adjustment cylinder 12 is placed on the top to support the caisson and sink the main corbel 1, forming a hard leg fulcrum to limit excessive sinking on this side. The adjustment cylinder 12 has a certain amount of expansion and contraction. According to the force conditions, the load at the fulcrum position is adjusted by oil pressure or cylinder expansion and contraction to avoid overloading of the column support rod or the main corbel 1. The column support rod fulcrum can be arranged as a single point or multiple points as needed. Correction is carried out in the dynamic situation of caisson sinking. Adding a top support point is to reduce the sinking speed of the caisson at this point. By coordinating the soil excavation sequence, the overall caisson is steadily lowered. The steel strand is tightened by the sinking cylinder to load the downward pressure, while balancing the support force of the column support rod under the corbel, ensuring the safe use of the corbel. In addition, as the caisson moves downward, the height of the fulcrum needs to be continuously lowered. When the adjusting cylinder 12 is retracted to the bottom, a section of the column strut is removed, and then the adjusting cylinder 12 is extended to tighten the main corbel 1. If the length is insufficient, it can be adjusted by adjusting the strut, adding gaskets, etc.

[0034] Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9It is a method of correcting the coordinate deviation of the caisson by using pull-out piles to set up auxiliary machinery and structural devices. The dynamic process of the caisson sinking is affected by the soil quality and the surrounding environment, which will not only cause tilting and left and right elevation deviations, but also coordinate deviations, deviating from the designed position, and correction is also required to ensure the requirements of the design specifications. Or use pull-out piles 9 to connect the pull-out piles 9 on the side close to the caisson deviation and the pull-out piles 9 adjacent to each other on both sides with specially made steel ground beams 13 (the fixed anchor steel structure parts at the top of the pull-out piles have connecting flanges), and connect them in series, or connect all the pull-out piles 9 with steel ground beams 13 (such as Figure 8 ), if necessary, a circle of reinforced concrete ground beams can be cast on the ground around the caisson to strengthen the lateral resistance of the pull-out piles. On the top surface of the steel ground beam 13 of the pull-out pile 9 near the caisson side (with connection screw holes reserved), screws and top-pushing cylinder fixing beams 14 (here can also be as Figure 7 First, install a column support rod 11-1 to connect with the steel ground beam 13, and install a fixed beam 14 on it. The fixed beam 14 faces one side of the caisson, and a pushing cylinder 15 is installed. A top iron 16 is installed on the top of the cylinder piston rod, and the top iron 16 is pressed tightly against the wall of the caisson 10. The screw and the two sides of the pushing cylinder fixed beam 14 are equipped with nuts 19 that can swing left and right. The adjacent pull-out piles 9 are connected to the top surface of the steel ground beam 13, and a screw sleeve fixing component 18 is installed. The swing sleeve 18-1 in the screw sleeve fixing component 18 can swing up and down. The supporting screw 17-1 in the supporting screw assembly 17 is passed through the swing sleeve 18-1 and screwed together with the nuts 19 on both sides of the fixed beam 14. The screw fixing nut 18-2 and the sleeve washer 18-3 (or a through-cylinder) are installed at the top of the supporting screw 17-1 to fix the supporting screw 17-1.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a method for correcting the torsional deviation of circular caissons; it uses pull-out piles to erect auxiliary machinery and structural devices. This method is suitable for circular caissons that are prone to angular displacement and deflection. When the angular displacement deviation of the circular caisson exceeds the specification requirements or affects the quality of engineering construction, it must be corrected. First, the correction brackets and supporting correction auxiliary machinery and ground beams and other components are planted symmetrically on the caisson wall. After they are erected in place, the left and right through-hole cylinders are simultaneously pressurized with oil, and the piston rod pushes the screw to move, generating a set of torque required for correction to reverse the torsion of the caisson. If the torque is insufficient, several sets of such correction devices can be added (such as Figure 10 Each jacking pile position is fully filled) to achieve the expected correction effect (the support screw pair can also be replaced with a combination of steel strands and anchors).

[0036] Specifically: the same "correction method by coordinate offset" is used to erect auxiliary machinery and structural devices, first install a steel ground beam 13 on the top of the pull-out pile 9, install a screw sleeve fixing component 18 on its top surface, plant a correction corbel 1 at a suitable position on the caisson wall (the torsion of the caisson occurs randomly and cannot be predicted, and embedded parts cannot be set), use a bracing screw 17-1 to connect the corbel 1 and the screw sleeve fixing into one, install a through-core cylinder 18-3 at one end of the bracing screw 17-1, and then lock the two ends of the bracing screw 17-1 with nuts (the bracing screw can also be replaced by a steel wire rope with an anchor), and configure several groups of such correction devices according to the actual torque required for correction. Similarly, the pull-out pile 9 can use specially formulated steel structure ground beams, which can be grouped or connected in series to enhance its lateral stability.

[0037] In order to solve the problems that some of the steel strands in the same group in the oil cylinder are loose and not under stress, some are tightened and overloaded, resulting in broken wires and strands of steel strands, the anchor plate clips cannot be disengaged and the steel strands are stuck or the clips are popped out, an improved caisson sinking process operation method is used to improve or solve these problems.

[0038] First, a through-hole cylinder for lifting is used instead of the commonly used through-hole cylinder for tensioning and anchoring, which makes it easier to replace or return the anchor plate clip when it is accidentally damaged, stuck, or popped off; in addition, the taper angle between the tool anchor plate and the clip is reduced to reduce the chance of getting stuck.

[0039] When using a through-hole cylinder to assemble the steel strands and anchor plates, the pump station is configured with two oil pressure supply modes: maximum load and pressure-maintaining. During the caisson sinking process, the through-hole cylinder is loaded to its maximum value. At the end of the sinking process, the pump station maintains low-pressure oil supply, maintaining a constant jacking force in the cylinder and keeping the steel strands tensioned. The caisson sinks slightly downward, and the cylinder rises, ensuring each strand remains tensioned under a low load without slacking.

[0040] In another case, during the caisson loading and sinking process, when the cylinder loading force reaches the set upper limit and the sinking process is completed, the through-hole cylinder retracts, loosening the taut steel rope rate, increasing the elastic variable value, and offsetting the soil compression rebound, thereby eliminating the problem of the working anchor plate clip jumping out of the cone groove due to the soil rebound force.

Claims

1. A method for handling special conditions in a caisson sinking process and using supporting equipment, characterized by: The invention relates to a method for implementing the caisson pressure sinking process by using an assembled corbel equipped with a through-hole oil cylinder and an auxiliary sinking machine. By applying a horizontal pulling force to the main corbel used for the caisson pressure sinking, a combined force of pressing the well wall is generated on the corbel with the vertical force of the oil cylinder, so that the bending moment stress formed by the main corbel becomes very small, thereby being able to remove the diagonal support rod provided under the conventional fixed corbel; a method for correcting the left and right height difference inclination of the caisson by using a column support rod is used to correct the caisson, thereby improving or eliminating the left and right height difference in the caisson; a method for correcting the coordinate offset of the caisson by using an auxiliary machine and a structural device for erecting anti-pull piles, which is used for the dynamic process of the caisson sinking, which is affected by the soil quality and the surrounding environment. When tilt, left and right elevation deviation, or coordinate offset from the design position occurs, correction is performed to ensure design specification requirements; a method for correcting the torsional offset of a circular caisson by erecting auxiliary machinery and structural devices using anti-pullout piles is used. The same "correction method for coordinate offset" is used to erect auxiliary machinery and structural devices for circular caissons that are prone to angular displacement and deflection. When a circular caisson has a pipe inlet and outlet opening on the side wall with orientation requirements, correction is performed when the angular displacement deviation exceeds the specification requirements or affects the quality of engineering construction, thereby improving and resolving the drawbacks of the caisson pressure-assisted sinking process; a method for correcting the coordinate offset of a caisson by erecting auxiliary machinery and structural devices using anti-pullout piles; By using pull-out piles, the pull-out piles on the side close to the caisson offset and the adjacent pull-out piles on both sides are connected in series with specially made steel ground beams, or all the pull-out piles are connected with steel ground beams, and screws and jacking cylinder fixed beams are installed on the top surface of the ground beam of the pull-out piles near the caisson side. The screw and jacking cylinder fixed beam face one side of the caisson, and the jacking cylinder is installed. A jacking iron is installed on the top of the piston rod of the jacking cylinder, and the jacking iron is tightly pressed against the well wall. Nuts that can swing left and right are installed on both sides of the screw and jacking cylinder fixed beam. The adjacent pull-out piles are connected to the top surface of the steel ground beam, and a screw sleeve fixing component is installed. The swing sleeve in the screw sleeve fixing component can swing up and down. The supporting screw in the supporting screw assembly is passed through the swing sleeve and screwed into connection with the nuts on both sides of the fixed beam. Nuts are installed on the top of the supporting screw to fix the supporting screw.

2. The method for handling special conditions of the caisson sinking process and using the supporting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: A method for implementing the caisson pressure sinking process by using assembled corbels, through-hole cylinders and auxiliary sinking equipment: using detachable assembled main corbels and their embedded parts, horizontal pull rods and matching through-hole cylinders, auxiliary corbels for horizontal pull rods and their embedded parts, as well as through-hole cylinders for sinking, steel strands, pull-out piles, and steel rope fixing anchors that are standard for the caisson pressure sinking process; when the caisson enters the pressure sinking condition, when the vertical cylinder applies pressure, the horizontal cylinder acts at the same time to make the horizontal pull rod generate a horizontal force on the main corbel, and make the horizontal force greater than the vertical pressure sinking force, so that a combined force that presses the well wall is generated on the main corbel, so that the bending moment stress formed by the main corbel becomes very small.

3. The method for handling special conditions of caisson sinking process and using supporting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: A method for correcting the left and right height difference inclination of the caisson using column struts: When the left and right height difference cannot be fully controlled during the sinking of the caisson, a set of column strut assemblies is installed on the top of the excessively sinking side using pull-out piles. A through-core oil cylinder is placed on the top of the column strut to support the caisson and sink the main bull leg to form a hard-leg fulcrum to limit excessive sinking on that side. A certain amount of expansion and contraction is left in the through-core oil cylinder. According to the force conditions, the load at the fulcrum position is adjusted by oil pressure or expansion and contraction of the through-core oil cylinder to avoid overloading of the column strut or the bull leg.

4. The method for handling special conditions of the caisson sinking process and using the supporting equipment according to claim 3 is characterized by: The support point of the column strut can be set at a single point or multiple points as needed; as the caisson moves downward, the height of the support point needs to be continuously lowered. When the through-core cylinder retracts to the bottom, remove a section of the column strut, and then extend the through-core cylinder to tighten the corbel. If the length is insufficient, adjust it by adjusting the column strut and adding gaskets.

5. The method for handling special conditions of caisson sinking process and using supporting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: A circle of reinforced concrete ground beams is cast on the ground around the caisson to strengthen the lateral resistance of the pull-out piles.

6. The method for handling special conditions of caisson sinking process and using supporting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: A method for correcting the torsional deviation of a circular caisson by using auxiliary machinery and structural devices installed with pull-out piles; the auxiliary machinery and structural devices are installed using the same "correction method by coordinate offset", firstly installing a steel ground beam on the top of the pull-out pile, installing a screw sleeve fixing component on its top surface, planting a correction corbel at an appropriate position on the caisson wall, connecting the corbel and the screw sleeve fixing component into one piece with a bracing screw, installing a through-core cylinder at one end of the bracing screw, and then locking both ends of the bracing screw with nuts.

7. The method for handling special conditions of the caisson sinking process and using the supporting equipment according to claim 6 is characterized by: According to the actual torque required for correction, several groups of such correction devices are configured. Similarly, the pull-out piles use steel ground beams, which are grouped or connected in series to enhance their lateral stability.

Images