Crude oil water content analyzer and crude oil water content detection method

Abstract

This application discloses a crude oil water content analyzer and a crude oil water content detection method, belonging to the field of water content detection technology. The crude oil water content analyzer includes three transmission lines and a circuit board. The circuit board integrates a processing circuit. The effective ranges of the three transmission lines refer to the portion above the first center line, the portion below the first center line, and the portions on both sides of the third center line of the cross-section of the pipe to be tested, respectively. Therefore, the effective range of these three transmission lines can cover the entire cross-section of the pipe. This means that the microwave signal received by the processing circuit can reflect the state of multiphase flow of crude oil within the entire cross-section of the pipe. Thus, the processing circuit can accurately determine the crude oil water content based on the microwave signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined crude oil water content.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water content detection technology. In particular, it relates to a crude oil water content analyzer and a method for detecting crude oil water content. Background Technology

[0002] Crude oil water content refers to the proportion of water in liquid crude oil. However, crude oil multiphase flow contains not only crude oil and water but also gas. Therefore, how to detect the water content of crude oil in multiphase flow has become an urgent problem to be solved. Crude oil multiphase flow refers to a fluid formed by the mixture of various forms of substances such as crude oil, water, and gas.

[0003] In related technologies, crude oil water content is mainly detected by a crude oil water content analyzer. The crude oil water content analyzer mainly includes: a transmission line and a circuit board. The transmission line and the circuit board are electrically connected. The circuit board integrates a processing circuit. The transmission line is set on the horizontal center line of the pipeline to be tested. Microwave signals are transmitted to the processing circuit through the transmission line. Due to the influence of multiphase flow of crude oil in the pipeline, the microwave signal will be attenuated. The processing circuit determines the crude oil water content based on the microwave signal before and after attenuation.

[0004] However, crude oil multiphase flow has many different states, and the transmission line in the related technology is located on the horizontal center line of the pipeline. The range of the microwave signal is limited and cannot affect the entire cross-section of the pipeline. Therefore, the microwave signal received by the processing circuit cannot reflect the state of crude oil multiphase flow in the entire pipeline, resulting in poor accuracy of the determined crude oil water content. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a crude oil water content analyzer and a crude oil water content detection method, which can improve the accuracy of the determined crude oil water content. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On one hand, this application provides a crude oil water content analyzer, which includes: a first transmission line, a second transmission line, a third transmission line, and a circuit board;

[0007] The first transmission line, the second transmission line, and the third transmission line are all electrically connected to the circuit board, on which processing circuitry is integrated.

[0008] The first transmission line is used to transmit a first microwave signal to the processing circuit. The first microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of action of the first transmission line. The range of action of the first transmission line refers to the part above the first center line of the cross-section of the first pipe. The first pipe is the pipe to be tested, and the cross-section of the first pipe is perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil multiphase flow.

[0009] The second transmission line is used to transmit a second microwave signal to the processing circuit. The second microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of the second transmission line. The range of the second transmission line refers to the part below the first center line.

[0010] The third transmission line is used to transmit a third microwave signal to the processing circuit. The third microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of action of the third transmission line. The range of action of the third transmission line refers to the part on both sides of the second center line of the first pipe cross-section. The second center line is perpendicular to the first center line.

[0011] The processing circuit is configured to determine, based on the initial microwave signal and the first microwave signal, a first instantaneous moisture content of the first transmission line at the current moment; determine, based on the initial microwave signal and the second microwave signal, a second instantaneous moisture content of the second transmission line at the current moment; and determine, based on the initial microwave signal and the third microwave signal, a third instantaneous moisture content of the third transmission line at the current moment.

[0012] The processing circuit is further configured to determine a target flow pattern based on the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content, wherein the target flow pattern represents the state of the crude oil multiphase flow in the first pipeline; and to process the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the processing circuit includes: a first processing circuit and a second processing circuit;

[0014] The first processing circuit and the second processing circuit are electrically connected;

[0015] The first processing circuit is configured to determine a first instantaneous moisture content based on the initial microwave signal and the first microwave signal; determine a second instantaneous moisture content based on the initial microwave signal and the second microwave signal; determine a third instantaneous moisture content based on the initial microwave signal and the third microwave signal; and send the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content to the second processing circuit.

[0016] The second processing circuit is used to determine the target flow pattern based on the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content; and to process the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0017] In another possible implementation, the first transmission line is positioned above the first center line, the second transmission line is positioned below the first center line, and the third transmission line is positioned on the second center line; or...

[0018] The crude oil water content analyzer further includes: a second pipe, both ends of which are connected to the first pipe, and the third center line of the cross-section of the second pipe is at the same horizontal position as the first center line; the first transmission line is disposed above the third center line, the second transmission line is disposed below the third center line, and the third transmission line is disposed on the fourth center line of the cross-section of the second pipe.

[0019] In another possible implementation, the first transmission line is located at 1 / 4 of the cross-section of the second pipe and above the third center line;

[0020] The second transmission line is located at 3 / 4 of the cross-section of the second pipe and is below the third center line.

[0021] In another possible implementation, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are located on opposite sides of the third transmission line.

[0022] In another possible implementation, the first transmission line is located at 1 / 4 of the cross-section of the first pipe and above the first centerline;

[0023] The second transmission line is located at 3 / 4 of the cross-section of the first pipe and is below the first centerline.

[0024] In another possible implementation, the crude oil water content analyzer further includes: a first seal and a second seal;

[0025] The first sealing element is provided at the input end of the first transmission line, and the second sealing element is provided at the output end of the first transmission line.

[0026] On the other hand, this application provides a method for detecting the water content of crude oil, applied to the crude oil water content analyzer described above, the method comprising:

[0027] An initial microwave signal and a first microwave signal are acquired. Based on the initial microwave signal and the first microwave signal, the first instantaneous water content at the current moment is determined. The first microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of action of the first transmission line. The range of action of the first transmission line refers to the part above the first center line of the cross-section of the first pipe. The first pipe is the pipe to be tested, and the cross-section of the first pipe is perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil multiphase flow.

[0028] A second microwave signal is acquired, and based on the initial microwave signal and the second microwave signal, the second instantaneous water content at the current moment is determined; the second microwave signal is the signal of the initial microwave signal after being affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of action of the second transmission line, and the range of action of the second transmission line refers to the part below the first center line;

[0029] A third microwave signal is acquired, and the third instantaneous water content at the current moment is determined based on the initial microwave signal and the third microwave signal. The third microwave signal is the signal of the initial microwave signal after being affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of the third transmission line. The range of the third transmission line refers to the portion on both sides of the second center line of the first pipe cross-section, and the second center line is perpendicular to the first center line.

[0030] Based on the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut, the target flow pattern is determined, and the target flow pattern is used to represent the state of the crude oil multiphase flow in the first pipeline;

[0031] Based on the target flow pattern, the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut are processed to obtain the crude oil water cut at the current moment.

[0032] In one possible implementation, when the target flow pattern is a slug flow pattern, the step of processing the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the current crude oil water cut includes:

[0033] If the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference are all within a preset difference range, the first average value of the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content is determined as the crude oil water content at the current moment; wherein, the first difference is the difference between the first instantaneous water content and the second instantaneous water content, the second difference is the difference between the second instantaneous water content and the third instantaneous water content, and the third difference is the difference between the third instantaneous water content and the first instantaneous water content;

[0034] If any of the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference is not within the preset difference range, and the second instantaneous water content is greater than the third instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content is greater than the first instantaneous water content, then the second instantaneous water content shall be taken as the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0035] In another possible implementation, when the target flow pattern is a slug flow pattern, the step of processing the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water cut at the current moment includes:

[0036] If the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are all 0, then the current crude oil water content is determined to be 0.

[0037] If the first instantaneous water content is not zero, the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are processed according to the processing method corresponding to the slug flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0038] When the first instantaneous water content is 0, and the second and third instantaneous water contents are both non-zero, the first, second, and third instantaneous water contents corresponding to each time point between the first time point and the current time point are obtained. These first, second, and third instantaneous water contents are then grouped into a first array. One or more columns with a first instantaneous water content of 0 are removed from the first array to obtain a second array. Based on the second array, the crude oil water content at the current time point is determined.

[0039] Wherein, the first moment is the moment before the current moment, and the time interval between the first moment and the current moment is a first preset time interval; each column in the first array consists of the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content and the third instantaneous moisture content at the same moment.

[0040] In another possible implementation, determining the crude oil water content at the current moment based on the second array includes:

[0041] If the number of columns in the second array is greater than the first preset number, the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are processed according to the processing method corresponding to the bouncy flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0042] If the number of columns in the second array is less than the first preset number, a target column is determined from the second array; a first weight and a second weight are obtained; based on the first weight and the second weight, a weighted average is performed on the second instantaneous water content and the third instantaneous water content in the target column to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment;

[0043] Among them, the values ​​of the second instantaneous moisture content and the third instantaneous moisture content in the target column are the largest, the first weight is the weight of the second instantaneous moisture content in the target column, and the second weight is the weight of the third instantaneous moisture content in the target column.

[0044] In another possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0045] When the first instantaneous moisture content of each column in the first array is 0, the second instantaneous moisture content and the third instantaneous moisture content are weighted and averaged based on the third weight and the fourth weight to obtain the fourth instantaneous moisture content;

[0046] The gas-liquid ratio is determined based on the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each time point between the first time point and the current time point;

[0047] The product of the fourth instantaneous water content and the gas-liquid ratio is determined as the current crude oil water content.

[0048] In another possible implementation, determining the gas-liquid ratio based on the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each time moment includes:

[0049] A second average value is determined based on a first quantity and the third instantaneous moisture content corresponding to each time between the first time and the current time, wherein the first quantity is the number of columns in the first array;

[0050] Based on the third instantaneous moisture content and the second average value corresponding to each time between the first time and the current time, a second quantity and a third quantity are counted. The second quantity is the number of third instantaneous moisture contents in the first array that are greater than the second average value, and the third quantity is the number of third instantaneous moisture contents in the first array that are less than or equal to the second average value.

[0051] The ratio of the third quantity to the second quantity is determined as the gas-liquid ratio.

[0052] In another possible implementation, when the target flow pattern is annular, the process of processing the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the current crude oil water cut includes:

[0053] Obtain the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content corresponding to each moment between the second moment and the current moment, wherein the second moment is the moment before the current moment, and the time interval between the second moment and the current moment is a second preset time interval;

[0054] Based on the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content corresponding to each time between the second time and the current time, a third array is determined;

[0055] Based on the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content of each column in the third array, determine the third average value of each column;

[0056] Based on the third average of each column, determine the fourth average of the third array;

[0057] Based on the fourth average value, a fourth quantity is calculated, where the fourth quantity is the number of third average values ​​that are greater than the fourth average value.

[0058] The average of the fourth number of third average values ​​is determined to be the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0059] In another possible implementation, when the target flow pattern is an intermittent effluent flow pattern, the step of processing the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water cut at the current moment includes:

[0060] When the current moment is a slug flow pattern, the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are processed according to the processing method corresponding to the slug flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment. The intermittent liquid flow pattern includes: slug flow pattern, annular flow pattern, and empty pipe.

[0061] If the current flow pattern is annular, the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are processed according to the processing method corresponding to the annular flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0062] If the current pipe is empty, the water content of the crude oil at the current time is determined to be 0.

[0063] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application are:

[0064] This application provides a crude oil water content analyzer, which includes three transmission lines. The effective range of these three transmission lines refers to the portion above the first center line, the portion below the first center line, and the portions on both sides of the third center line of the cross-section of the pipeline to be tested, respectively. It can be seen that the effective range of these three transmission lines can act on the entire cross-section of the pipeline. That is, the microwave signal received by the processing circuit can reflect the state of multiphase flow of crude oil within the entire cross-section of the pipeline. In this way, the processing circuit can accurately determine the water content of crude oil based on the microwave signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined crude oil water content. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a crude oil water content analyzer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 2 This is a front view of a three-transmission-line layout provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 3 This is a side view of a three-transmission-line layout provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effective range of three transmission lines provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a sealing element provided in an embodiment of the present application for setting a seal at the input and output ends of a first transmission line;

[0070] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a crude oil water content detection method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of instantaneous moisture content over time corresponding to a slug flow pattern provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of instantaneous water content over time for a slug flow pattern provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0073] The reference numerals in the attached figures represent:

[0074] 1-First transmission line, 2-Second transmission line, 3-Third transmission line, 4-Circuit board, 5-Second conduit

[0075] 41-Processing circuit, 411-First processing circuit, 412-Second processing circuit, 11-First seal,

[0076] 12 - Second seal. Detailed Implementation

[0077] To make the technical solution and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below.

[0078] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0079] It should be noted that all information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.), and signals involved in this application have been authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of related data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant countries and regions. For example, microwave signals and instantaneous moisture content involved in this application were obtained with full authorization.

[0080] This application provides a crude oil water content analyzer, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The crude oil water content analyzer includes: a first transmission line 1, a second transmission line 2, a third transmission line 3, and a circuit board 4;

[0081] The first transmission line 1, the second transmission line 2 and the third transmission line 3 are all electrically connected to the circuit board 4, and the processing circuit 41 is integrated on the circuit board 4.

[0082] The first transmission line 1 is used to transmit a first microwave signal to the processing circuit 41. The first microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of the first transmission line 1. The range of the first transmission line 1 refers to the part above the first center line of the cross-section of the first pipe. The first pipe is the pipe to be detected, and the cross-section of the first pipe is perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil multiphase flow.

[0083] The second transmission line 2 is used to transmit a second microwave signal to the processing circuit 41. The second microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of the second transmission line 2. The range of the second transmission line 2 refers to the part below the first center line.

[0084] The third transmission line 3 is used to transmit the third microwave signal to the processing circuit 41. The third microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of the third transmission line 3. The range of the third transmission line 3 refers to the part on both sides of the second center line of the first pipe cross section. The second center line is perpendicular to the first center line.

[0085] Processing circuit 41 is used to determine the first instantaneous moisture content of the first transmission line 1 at the current moment based on the initial microwave signal and the first microwave signal; to determine the second instantaneous moisture content of the second transmission line 2 at the current moment based on the initial microwave signal and the second microwave signal; and to determine the third instantaneous moisture content of the third transmission line 3 at the current moment based on the initial microwave signal and the third microwave signal.

[0086] The processing circuit 41 is also used to determine the target flow pattern based on the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut, the target flow pattern being used to represent the state of the multiphase flow of crude oil in the first pipeline; and to process the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the current crude oil water cut.

[0087] In this implementation, three transmission lines are electrically connected to the processing circuit 41 via cables to transmit microwave signals to the processing circuit 41.

[0088] In this embodiment of the application, the three transmission lines can be arranged in the first pipe or in the second pipe 5, with both ends of the second pipe 5 connected to the first pipe.

[0089] If three transmission lines are set inside the first conduit, the first transmission line 1 is set above the first center line, the second transmission line 2 is set below the first center line, and the third transmission line 3 is set on the second center line.

[0090] In this implementation, the positions of the first transmission line 1 and the second transmission line 2 can be set and changed as needed. For example, the first transmission line 1 is set at 1 / 4 of the cross-section of the first pipe and is located above the first center line; the second transmission line 2 is set at 3 / 4 of the cross-section of the first pipe and is located below the first center line; and the third transmission line 3 is set on the second center line.

[0091] If the three transmission lines are set inside the second pipe 5, the crude oil water content analyzer also includes: the second pipe 5, both ends of which are connected to the first pipe, and the third center line of the cross-section of the second pipe 5 is at the same horizontal position as the first center line; the first transmission line 1 is set above the third center line, the second transmission line 2 is set below the third center line, and the third transmission line 3 is set on the fourth center line of the cross-section of the second pipe 5.

[0092] In this implementation, the positions of the first transmission line 1 and the second transmission line 2 can be set and changed as needed. For example, the first transmission line 1 can be located at 1 / 4 of the cross-section of the second pipe 5 and above the third center line; the second transmission line 2 can be located at 3 / 4 of the cross-section of the second pipe 5 and below the third center line; the third transmission line 3 can be located on the fourth center line. (See [reference]). Figure 2 and Figure 3 .in, Figure 2 This is a front view. Figure 3 This is a side view.

[0093] If the first transmission line 1 is located at 1 / 4 of the cross-section of the second pipe 5 and above the third center line; the second transmission line 2 is located at 3 / 4 of the cross-section of the second pipe 5 and below the third center line; and the third transmission line 3 is located on the fourth center line, then the effective range of these three transmission lines can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 . Figure 4 The slashed portion in the diagram represents the effective range of the transmission line. Figure 4 As can be seen, the first transmission line 1 acts on the upper half of the second pipe 5, the second transmission line 2 acts on the lower half of the second pipe 5, and the third transmission line 3 acts on the middle part from the top to the bottom of the second pipe 5. The first transmission line 1 and the second transmission line 2 together can act on the entire cross-section of the second pipe 5.

[0094] Regardless of whether the three transmission lines are located inside the first conduit or the second conduit 5, the first transmission line 1 and the second transmission line 2 can be located on the same side of the third transmission line 3, or they can be located on opposite sides of the third transmission line 3. In this embodiment, only the example of the first transmission line 1 and the second transmission line 2 being located on opposite sides of the third transmission line 3 will be used for illustration. This point is based on... Figure 3 This can also be seen from the text.

[0095] In this embodiment of the application, the first transmission line 1 and the second transmission line 2 are located on both sides of the third transmission line 3, which can reduce the mutual interference between the first microwave signal and the second microwave signal to a certain extent, improve the microwave signal quality, and thus accurately determine the water content of crude oil.

[0096] Furthermore, the second pipe 5 is an independent pipe from the first pipe, and its length can be set and changed as needed. In this embodiment, the second pipe 5 is mainly used to set up three transmission lines, so its length does not need to be too long. Also, the way the two ends of the second pipe 5 are connected to the first pipe can be set and changed as needed. For example, the connection method can be a flange connection or other connection methods. In this embodiment, only a flange connection is used as an example for explanation.

[0097] In this embodiment, a processing circuit 41 can be integrated on the circuit board 4 to process the microwave signals transmitted through the three transmission lines. Alternatively, two processing circuits 41 can be integrated on the circuit board 4, namely a first processing circuit 411 and a second processing circuit 412. The first processing circuit 411 determines the instantaneous water content corresponding to the microwave signals transmitted through the three transmission lines, and the second processing circuit 412 determines the current water content of the crude oil. Accordingly, the process can be as follows: the processing circuit 41 includes: a first processing circuit 411 and a second processing circuit 412;

[0098] The first processing circuit 411 and the second processing circuit 412 are electrically connected;

[0099] The first processing circuit 411 is used to determine a first instantaneous moisture content based on an initial microwave signal and a first microwave signal; determine a second instantaneous moisture content based on an initial microwave signal and a second microwave signal; determine a third instantaneous moisture content based on an initial microwave signal and a third microwave signal; and send the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content to the second processing circuit 412.

[0100] The second processing circuit 412 is used to determine the target flow pattern based on the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut; and to process the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water cut at the current moment.

[0101] In this implementation, the second processing circuit 412 includes a processor, which determines the target flow pattern and then determines the current crude oil water content based on the target flow pattern. The processes by which the first processing circuit 411 determines the instantaneous water content and the second processing circuit 412 determines the crude oil water content will be described in detail in the method section and will not be elaborated here.

[0102] The first processing circuit 411 includes a microwave sensor, a signal converter, and a measurement circuit. The microwave sensor generates an initial microwave signal, which is then transmitted through a first transmission line 1, a second transmission line 2, and a third transmission line 3. The initial microwave signal is input from the input terminals of each of these three transmission lines and output from their respective output terminals. The three transmission lines transmit the output microwave signal to the signal converter, which converts the microwave signal into electrical signals, resulting in a first electrical signal, a second electrical signal, and a third electrical signal. These signals are then transmitted to the measurement circuit, which processes them to obtain a first instantaneous moisture content, a second instantaneous moisture content, and a third instantaneous moisture content.

[0103] Alternatively, the first processing circuit 411 includes a microwave sensor and a measurement circuit. After the microwave sensor generates an initial microwave signal, it transmits the initial microwave signal through the three transmission lines mentioned above. Then, the three transmission lines directly transmit the output microwave signal to the measurement circuit. The measurement circuit directly processes the microwave signal to obtain the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content.

[0104] Alternatively, the microwave sensor can operate independently of the second processing circuit 412 and the first processing circuit 411. That is, processing circuit 41 includes the microwave sensor, the first processing circuit 411, and the second processing circuit 412. The microwave sensor generates an initial microwave signal, which is then transmitted through the three transmission lines mentioned above. These three transmission lines then transmit the output microwave signal to the first processing circuit 411, where it processes the signal. The second processing circuit 412 further determines the water content of the crude oil. The first processing circuit 411 includes a measurement circuit, or it may include a signal converter and a measurement circuit.

[0105] In this embodiment of the application, the instantaneous water content is determined by the first processing circuit 411 and the crude oil water content is determined by the second processing circuit 412, which can reduce the processing burden of the processing circuit and improve the processing efficiency.

[0106] In this embodiment, the circuit board 4 may also integrate a power supply circuit, which provides power to the three transmission lines, the first processing circuit 411, and the second processing circuit 412.

[0107] In the embodiments of this application, see Figure 5 The crude oil water content analyzer also includes: a first seal 11 and a second seal 12;

[0108] The input end of the first transmission line 1 is provided with a first seal 11, and the output end of the first transmission line 1 is provided with a second seal 12.

[0109] In this implementation, the first sealing element 11 and the second sealing element 12 can be the same or different, and there is no specific limitation on this. If the first sealing element 11 and the second sealing element 12 are the same, the first sealing element 11 and the second sealing element 12 can be sealing rings.

[0110] It should be noted that the input and output ends of the second transmission line 2 are also equipped with seals, as are the input and output ends of the third transmission line 3, in order to prevent the leakage of crude oil and natural gas in the pipeline.

[0111] In this embodiment of the application, the crude oil water content analyzer may further include: a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a display device; wherein, the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure inside the pipeline, the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature inside the pipeline, and the display device can display the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0112] This application provides a crude oil water content analyzer, which includes three transmission lines. The effective range of these three transmission lines refers to the portion above the first center line, the portion below the first center line, and the portions on both sides of the third center line of the cross-section of the pipeline to be tested, respectively. It can be seen that the effective range of these three transmission lines can act on the entire cross-section of the pipeline. That is, the microwave signal received by the processing circuit can reflect the state of multiphase flow of crude oil within the entire cross-section of the pipeline. In this way, the processing circuit can accurately determine the water content of crude oil based on the microwave signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined crude oil water content.

[0113] This application provides a method for detecting the water content of crude oil. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 The method, applied to the aforementioned crude oil water content analyzer, includes:

[0114] Step 601: The crude oil water content analyzer acquires the initial microwave signal and the first microwave signal, and determines the first instantaneous water content at the current moment based on the initial microwave signal and the first microwave signal.

[0115] The initial microwave signal is the microwave signal that is not affected by the multiphase flow of crude oil. The first microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the multiphase flow of crude oil within the range of action of the first transmission line. The range of action of the first transmission line refers to the part above the first center line of the cross-section of the first pipe. The first pipe is the pipe to be tested, and the cross-section of the first pipe is perpendicular to the flow direction of the multiphase flow of crude oil.

[0116] After installation in the pipeline, before entering the crude oil multiphase flow within the pipeline, the crude oil water content analyzer can transmit an initial microwave signal via any one of the first, second, and third transmission lines, thereby acquiring the initial microwave signal. The pipeline can be either the first or second pipeline; this is not specifically limited.

[0117] After the crude oil multiphase flow enters the pipeline, the initial microwave signal is input from the input end of the first transmission line and output from the output end of the first transmission line. Affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of the first transmission line, the initial microwave signal will be attenuated. Therefore, the output from the output end of the first transmission line is the attenuated initial microwave signal, which is the first microwave signal.

[0118] The transmission speed of a microwave signal is affected by the dielectric constant of the medium surrounding the transmission line, and this effect is linearly related to the dielectric constant. Furthermore, the attenuation of the microwave signal is affected by the conductivity of the medium surrounding the transmission line, and this effect is also linearly related to the conductivity. Based on this, a crude oil water content analyzer can determine the first instantaneous water content at the current moment based on the difference in transmission speed and signal strength between the first microwave signal and the initial microwave signal.

[0119] Step 602: The crude oil water content analyzer acquires the second microwave signal, and determines the second instantaneous water content at the current moment based on the initial microwave signal and the second microwave signal.

[0120] The second microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the multiphase flow of crude oil within the range of the second transmission line. The range of the second transmission line refers to the part below the first center line.

[0121] After the crude oil enters the multiphase flow in the pipeline, the crude oil water content analyzer acquires the second microwave signal output from the output end of the second transmission line. Based on the initial microwave signal and the second microwave signal, the second instantaneous water content at the current moment is determined.

[0122] The process of determining the second instantaneous water content using a crude oil water content analyzer is similar to the process of determining the first instantaneous water content in step 601, and will not be described again here.

[0123] Step 603: The crude oil water content analyzer acquires the third microwave signal, and determines the third instantaneous water content at the current moment based on the initial microwave signal and the third microwave signal.

[0124] The third microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the multiphase flow of crude oil within the range of action of the third transmission line. The range of action of the third transmission line refers to the part on both sides of the second center line of the first pipeline cross-section, and the second center line is perpendicular to the first center line.

[0125] After the crude oil enters the multiphase flow in the pipeline, the crude oil water content analyzer acquires the third microwave signal output from the output end of the third transmission line. Based on the initial microwave signal and the third microwave signal, the third instantaneous water content at the current moment is determined.

[0126] The process of determining the third instantaneous water content using a crude oil water content analyzer is similar to the process of determining the first instantaneous water content in step 601, and will not be repeated here.

[0127] Step 604: The crude oil water content analyzer determines the target flow pattern based on the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content.

[0128] The target flow pattern is used to represent the state of the multiphase flow of crude oil in the first pipe.

[0129] Crude oil multiphase flow has multiple states in pipelines, which correspond to multiple flow patterns, including slug flow, plug flow, annular flow, and intermittent effluent flow, which will be introduced in detail below.

[0130] For slug flow patterns, which typically occur in wells with low gas content, the majority of the flow within horizontal conduits is liquid and continuous, with a small amount of gas accumulating in the upper part of the conduit as a discontinuous phase, flowing with the liquid. In this case, the instantaneous water cut detected within the effective range of the second transmission line is relatively stable, closely approximating the true and effective crude oil water cut. Within the effective range of the first transmission line, however, the instantaneous water cut will fluctuate due to the influence of gas. Because the gas is a discontinuous phase, the maximum value of the first instantaneous water cut corresponding to the first transmission line will be close to the second instantaneous water cut corresponding to the second transmission line, while the average value of the instantaneous water cut within the first preset time interval corresponding to the first transmission line will be lower than the average value of the instantaneous water cut within the first preset time interval corresponding to the second transmission line.

[0131] Similarly, the effective range of the third transmission line is also affected by the gas. However, since half of the effective range of the third transmission line is located in the lower half of the pipe, the fluctuation of the third instantaneous moisture content corresponding to the third transmission line will be smaller than that of the first transmission line. Therefore, the instantaneous moisture content corresponding to these three transmission lines will be as follows: the average value of the second instantaneous moisture content within the first preset time interval ≥ the average value of the third instantaneous moisture content ≥ the average value of the first instantaneous moisture content.

[0132] However, because the gas is an intermittent phase, the pipe may momentarily fill with liquid. In this case, the difference between any two instantaneous moisture contents will be relatively small. If influenced by the gas, the second instantaneous moisture content will be greater than the third, which in turn will be greater than the first. See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the change of instantaneous water content over time for a slug flow pattern.

[0133] For slug flow, the most common flow pattern in single wells, the high gas content allows the liquid to form a slug, and gas and liquid alternate between continuous and discontinuous phases to varying degrees. In this case, the instantaneous water cut corresponding to all three transport lines is affected by the gas, with the first transport line being most affected, easily resulting in a zero instantaneous water cut. The third transport line is affected next, and the second transport line is affected the least. See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the change of instantaneous water cut over time for a slug flow pattern.

[0134] For annular flow patterns, when the gas cut in a single well is relatively high, especially when the volumetric gas cut exceeds 90%, an annular flow pattern will occur where gas occupies the middle of the pipe and flows rapidly, while the liquid is squeezed against the pipe wall by the gas. In this state, the liquid cannot completely fill the effective range of the three transmission lines. Due to the horizontal installation of the pipe, the liquid is more likely to accumulate at the bottom of the pipe. Although the liquid accumulated at the bottom cannot contact the first and second transmission lines, it can contact the third transmission line. Therefore, the third instantaneous water cut will be greater than the second instantaneous water cut, which will be greater than the first instantaneous water cut.

[0135] For intermittent fluid production flow patterns, low-production wells often experience intermittent fluid production. When no fluid is produced, the pipe becomes empty, and the instantaneous water cut is 0 and hardly changes. When the fluid production is low and the gas content is high, an annular flow pattern appears. When the fluid production is high, a slug flow pattern appears, and these flow patterns alternate.

[0136] Based on the above, if the difference between any two instantaneous water cuts is within a preset range, the crude oil water cut analyzer determines the target flow pattern as a slug flow pattern; if any difference is not within the preset range, and the second instantaneous water cut > the third instantaneous water cut > the first instantaneous water cut, the crude oil water cut analyzer can also determine the target flow pattern as a slug flow pattern.

[0137] It's important to note that slug flow patterns can also exhibit a situation where the second instantaneous water cut > the third instantaneous water cut > the first instantaneous water cut. Therefore, to accurately determine the target flow pattern, if any difference is outside the preset range, and the second instantaneous water cut > the third instantaneous water cut > the first instantaneous water cut, the crude oil water cut can be further determined by acquiring the first, second, and third instantaneous water cuts for each moment within a preset time range prior to the current moment. This will determine if a situation where the first instantaneous water cut is 0 occurs within the preset time range up to the current moment. If such a situation occurs, and the second, third, and first instantaneous water cuts are also present, then the target flow pattern is determined to be a slug flow pattern. If such a situation does not occur, and the first instantaneous water cut is 0, then the target flow pattern is determined to be a slug flow pattern.

[0138] If the third instantaneous moisture content > the second instantaneous moisture content > the first instantaneous moisture content, then the target flow pattern is determined to be annular flow pattern. If, within a certain period of time, the situation of the third instantaneous moisture content > the second instantaneous moisture content > the first instantaneous moisture content alternates with the situation of the first instantaneous moisture content being 0 and the second instantaneous moisture content > the third instantaneous moisture content > the first instantaneous moisture content, then the target flow pattern is determined to be intermittent effluent flow pattern.

[0139] In response to the above situation, the crude oil water content analyzer can establish an identification model, which can be used to determine the target flow pattern.

[0140] Step 605: The crude oil water content analyzer processes the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0141] The treatment methods for bullet flow, slug flow, annular flow, and intermittent effluent flow are different, and will be introduced separately below.

[0142] When the target flow pattern is a slug flow pattern, the crude oil water cut analyzer can determine the current crude oil water cut by following the steps (A-1) to (A-2):

[0143] (A-1) When the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference are all within the preset difference range, the crude oil water content analyzer determines the first average value of the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content as the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0144] The first difference is the difference between the first instantaneous moisture content and the second instantaneous moisture content; the second difference is the difference between the second instantaneous moisture content and the third instantaneous moisture content; and the third difference is the difference between the third instantaneous moisture content and the first instantaneous moisture content.

[0145] In this implementation, the crude oil water content analyzer determines the average value of the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content, which is also known as the first average value, and uses this first average value as the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0146] (A-2) If any of the first, second, and third differences is outside the preset difference range, and the second instantaneous water content is greater than the third instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content is greater than the first instantaneous water content, then the second instantaneous water content shall be taken as the current crude oil water content.

[0147] For slug flow patterns, when affected by gas, the second instantaneous water cut will be greater than the third instantaneous water cut, which will be greater than the first instantaneous water cut. In this case, directly taking the second instantaneous water cut as the current crude oil water cut will yield a crude oil water cut that is closer to the actual value.

[0148] When the target flow pattern is slug flow, the crude oil water cut analyzer can determine the current crude oil water cut by following the steps (B-1) to (B-4):

[0149] (B-1) When the water content at the first instant, the second instant, and the third instant are all 0, the crude oil water content analyzer determines that the current crude oil water content is 0.

[0150] In this implementation, if the water content at the first instant, the second instant, and the third instant are all 0, it indicates that the pipeline is empty, and the water content of the crude oil at the current moment is determined to be 0.

[0151] (B-2) When the water content is not 0 at the first instant, the crude oil water content analyzer processes the water content at the first instant, the second instant, and the third instant based on the processing method corresponding to the slug flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0152] In this implementation, the crude oil water content analyzer determines the current crude oil water content according to the processing method of the bouncy flow pattern, that is, the above steps (A-1) and (A-2), which will not be repeated here.

[0153] (B-3) When the water content is 0 at the first instant and the water content at the second and third instants is not 0, the crude oil water content analyzer acquires the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each instant between the first instant and the current instant. The first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each instant between the first instant and the current instant are combined into a first array. One or more columns with a first instantaneous water content of 0 are removed from the first array to obtain a second array. Based on the second array, the crude oil water content at the current instant is determined.

[0154] The first moment is the moment before the current moment, and the time interval between the first moment and the current moment is the first preset time interval; each column in the first array consists of the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content and the third instantaneous moisture content at the same moment.

[0155] In this implementation, the first preset time interval can be set and changed as needed. For example, if the first preset time interval is 1 minute, the crude oil water content analyzer acquires the first, second, and third instantaneous water content for each moment between 1 minute prior to the current moment. The first, second, and third instantaneous water content at the same moment are listed as a single column. If sampling is performed 10 times per second, the crude oil water content analyzer can obtain a 600*3 two-dimensional array, which is the first array. Then, one or more columns with a first instantaneous water content of 0 are removed from the first array to obtain the second array.

[0156] The crude oil water content analyzer, based on the second array, determines the current crude oil water content using the following steps (B-3-1) to (B-3-2):

[0157] (B-3-1) When the number of columns in the second array is greater than the first preset number, the crude oil water content analyzer processes the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content and the third instantaneous water content based on the processing method corresponding to the bouncy flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0158] In this implementation, the crude oil water content analyzer determines the current crude oil water content according to the processing method of the bouncy flow pattern, that is, the above steps (A-1) and (A-2), which will not be repeated here.

[0159] (B-3-2) When the number of columns in the second array is less than the first preset number, the crude oil water content analyzer determines the target column from the second array; obtains the first weight and the second weight; based on the first weight and the second weight, it performs a weighted average of the second instantaneous water content and the third instantaneous water content in the target column to obtain the crude oil water content at the current time.

[0160] The second and third instantaneous moisture contents in the target column have the largest values. The first weight is the weight of the second instantaneous moisture contents in the target column, and the second weight is the weight of the third instantaneous moisture contents in the target column.

[0161] If the number of columns in the second array is less than the first preset number, the crude oil water content analyzer determines the column with the highest second and third instantaneous water content from the second array, obtaining the target column. For the first and second weights, the crude oil water content analyzer can determine the average of the first, second, and third instantaneous water content. If the second instantaneous water content is greater than this average, the first weight is determined to be the first preset value; if the second instantaneous water content is less than or equal to this average, the first weight is determined to be the second preset value, and the first preset value is greater than the second preset value. Similarly, if the third instantaneous water content is greater than this average, the second weight is determined to be the first preset value; if the third instantaneous water content is less than or equal to this average, the second weight is determined to be the second preset value. For example, the first preset value is 2, and the second preset value is 1.

[0162] After determining the first weight and the second weight, the crude oil water content analyzer determines the product of the first weight and the second instantaneous water content to obtain the first product value. It also determines the product of the second weight and the third instantaneous water content to obtain the second product value. The average of the first product value and the second product value is then determined, and the average of the first product value and the second product value is taken as the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0163] As can be seen from (B-3-1) to (B-3-2): if after removing the columns with a first instantaneous water content of 0, there are a large number of columns with a first instantaneous water content that is not 0, the processing method of the bouncy flow pattern is adopted. If there are a small number of columns with a first instantaneous water content that is not 0, the second instantaneous water content and the third instantaneous water content are weighted and averaged based on the first weight and the second weight, so as to accurately determine the current crude oil water content.

[0164] (B-4) When the first instantaneous water content of each column in the first array is 0, the crude oil water content analyzer performs a weighted average of the second and third instantaneous water content based on the third and fourth weights to obtain the fourth instantaneous water content; based on the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each time between the first time and the current time, the gas-liquid ratio is determined; the product of the fourth instantaneous water content and the gas-liquid ratio is determined as the crude oil water content at the current time.

[0165] In this implementation, for the third and fourth weights, if the second instantaneous moisture content is higher, then the third weight is greater than the fourth weight. For example, the third weight is the first preset value, and the fourth weight is the second preset value. If the third instantaneous moisture content is higher, then the third weight is less than the fourth weight. For example, the third weight is the second preset value, and the fourth weight is the first preset value.

[0166] The crude oil water content analyzer determines the product of the second instantaneous water content and the third weight to obtain the third product value, and determines the product of the third instantaneous water content and the fourth weight to obtain the fourth product value. The average of the third product value and the fourth product value is then determined to obtain the fourth instantaneous water content.

[0167] The process of determining the gas-liquid ratio using a crude oil water content analyzer is as follows: The crude oil water content analyzer determines a second average value based on a first quantity and the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each time point between the first time point and the current time point; based on the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each time point between the first time point and the current time point and the second average value, the second quantity and the third quantity are statistically analyzed; the ratio of the third quantity to the second quantity is determined as the gas-liquid ratio.

[0168] Wherein, the first quantity is the number of columns in the first array, the second quantity is the number of third instantaneous moisture contents in the first array that are greater than the second average value, and the third quantity is the number of third instantaneous moisture contents in the first array that are less than or equal to the second average value.

[0169] In this implementation, the crude oil water content analyzer counts the number of third instantaneous water contents greater than the second average value among the third instantaneous water contents corresponding to multiple times between the first time and the current time, to obtain the second quantity, and the number of third instantaneous water contents less than or equal to the second average value among the third instantaneous water contents corresponding to the multiple times, to obtain the third quantity, and determines the ratio of the third quantity to the second quantity as the gas-liquid ratio.

[0170] For example, if there are 600 third instantaneous water contents within 1 minute, and n of these third instantaneous water contents are less than or equal to the second average value, then the gas-liquid ratio is n:(600-n).

[0171] In this embodiment of the application, when the first instantaneous water content of each column in the first array is 0, an instantaneous water content is first determined. This instantaneous water content is lower than the actual crude oil water content. In this case, the instantaneous water content is corrected by the gas-liquid ratio to obtain the crude oil water content, thereby improving the accuracy of the crude oil water content.

[0172] When the target flow pattern is annular, the crude oil water cut analyzer can determine the current crude oil water cut using the following steps (C-1) to (C-6):

[0173] (C-1) The crude oil water content analyzer acquires the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each moment between the second moment and the current moment.

[0174] The second time point is the time point preceding the current time point, and the time interval between the current time point and the current time point is a second preset time interval, which is greater than the first preset time interval. For example, if the first preset time interval is 1 minute, then the second preset time interval is 2 minutes or even longer.

[0175] (C-2) The crude oil water content analyzer determines the third array based on the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each time between the second time and the current time.

[0176] The crude oil water content analyzer uses the first, second, and third instantaneous water content at the same time as one column, and the first, second, and third instantaneous water content at different times as another column, resulting in a third array, which is also a two-dimensional array. For example, the first, second, and third instantaneous water content at different times can be used as the first row, the second row as the second row, and the third row as the third row.

[0177] (C-3) The crude oil water content analyzer determines the third average value of each column based on the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content in each column of the third array.

[0178] For each column in the third array, the crude oil water content analyzer determines the average of the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content corresponding to that column, thus obtaining the third average value.

[0179] (C-4) The crude oil water content analyzer determines the fourth average value of the third array based on the third average value of each column.

[0180] The crude oil water content analyzer determines the average of the third averages of multiple columns in the third array to obtain the fourth average. Alternatively, the crude oil water content analyzer can also perform a weighted average of the third averages of multiple columns in the third array to obtain the fourth average.

[0181] (C-5) The crude oil water content analyzer uses the fourth average value to count the fourth quantity.

[0182] The fourth quantity is the number of the third average that is greater than the fourth average.

[0183] In step (C-3), multiple third average values ​​are obtained, and in step (C-4), a fourth average value is obtained. The crude oil water content analyzer counts the number of third average values ​​that are greater than the fourth average value among the multiple third average values, and obtains the fourth quantity.

[0184] (C-6) The crude oil water content analyzer determines the average of the fourth number of third average values ​​as the crude oil water content at the current time.

[0185] The crude oil water content analyzer determines the average of the fourth number of third average values, and uses this average value as the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0186] As can be seen from steps (C-1) to (C-6), for annular flow patterns, the crude oil water content analyzer obtains instantaneous water content over a longer period of time, identifies the larger instantaneous water content values, performs preliminary calculations to obtain a fourth average value, and then extracts the data that are greater than the fourth average value for a second average, thus obtaining a crude oil water content that is closer to the actual value.

[0187] When the target flow pattern is an intermittent outflow flow pattern, the crude oil water content analyzer determines the current crude oil water content through the following steps (D-1) to (D-3):

[0188] (D-1) When the current flow pattern is slug flow, the crude oil water content analyzer processes the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content based on the processing method corresponding to the slug flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0189] Intermittent flow patterns include slug flow, annular flow, and empty pipe, and these patterns alternate. Based on this, the crude oil water content analyzer processes the data according to the corresponding processing method for each pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0190] Given that the current flow pattern is slug flow, the crude oil water content analyzer processes the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content based on the above steps (B-1) to (B-4) to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0191] (D-2) When the current flow pattern is annular, the crude oil water content analyzer processes the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content based on the annular flow pattern processing method to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0192] When the current flow pattern is slug flow, the crude oil water content analyzer processes the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content based on the above steps (C-1) to (C-6) to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

[0193] (D-3) When the pipe is empty at the current time, the crude oil water content analyzer determines that the crude oil water content at the current time is 0.

[0194] If the pipe is empty at the current moment, the crude oil water content analyzer determines that the crude oil water content at the current moment is 0.

[0195] It should be noted that for intermittent flow patterns, when a slug flow pattern occurs, the crude oil water content determined in the above manner is close to the actual value. However, when an annular flow pattern occurs, the crude oil water content determined in the above manner may be lower than the actual value. Therefore, when calculating the daily average water content, the weight of the slug flow pattern is greater than that of the annular flow pattern.

[0196] It should be noted that the complex flow regimes in crude oil multiphase flow have a significant impact on the online detection of crude oil water content. The crude oil water content analyzer provided in this application adopts a two-horizontal-one-vertical transmission line structure, which can identify common crude oil multiphase flow patterns and solve the problem of accurately detecting crude oil water content under complex and variable crude oil multiphase flow regimes. The crude oil water content detection method provided in this application determines different processing methods for different flow patterns, and then processes the crude oil based on the corresponding processing methods. It can achieve real-time detection of crude oil water content with high accuracy. Compared with indoor experimental data, the error rate is controlled within 3%, and it can achieve detection across the entire water content range of 0-99%. For high gas-content oil wells, by analyzing the crude oil multiphase flow under different flow regimes, the accuracy of crude oil water content detection in high gas-content oil wells is ensured, thereby meeting the needs of digital and intelligent construction in the later stages of development of high water-content and high gas-content oilfields.

[0197] In the embodiments of this application, the crude oil water content at the current moment is the crude oil water content at a certain moment. For each moment, the crude oil water content analyzer can determine the crude oil water content in the above manner. Especially under complex flow patterns, it can realize real-time online detection of crude oil water content.

[0198] The crude oil water content analyzer can display the crude oil water content at various times through a display device. When the crude oil water content exceeds the preset threshold, the crude oil water content analyzer can also issue an early warning, which can promptly remind relevant personnel.

[0199] This application provides a method for detecting the water content of crude oil. In this method, the water content of crude oil at the current moment is determined based on the instantaneous water content corresponding to three transmission lines. The microwave signals transmitted by these three transmission lines can act on the entire cross-section of the pipeline. Therefore, the water content of crude oil can be accurately determined based on these three instantaneous water contents, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined water content of crude oil.

[0200] The above description is only for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of this application, and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A water cut analyzer for crude oil, characterized by, The crude oil water content analyzer includes: a first transmission line (1), a second transmission line (2), a third transmission line (3), and a circuit board (4); The first transmission line (1), the second transmission line (2) and the third transmission line (3) are all electrically connected to the circuit board (4), and the circuit board (4) integrates a processing circuit (41); The first transmission line (1) is used to transmit a first microwave signal to the processing circuit (41). The first microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of action of the first transmission line (1). The range of action of the first transmission line (1) refers to the part above the first center line of the cross-section of the first pipe. The first pipe is the pipe to be tested, and the cross-section of the first pipe is perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil multiphase flow. The second transmission line (2) is used to transmit a second microwave signal to the processing circuit (41). The second microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of action of the second transmission line (2). The range of action of the second transmission line (2) refers to the part below the first center line. The third transmission line (3) is used to transmit a third microwave signal to the processing circuit (41). The third microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of action of the third transmission line (3). The range of action of the third transmission line (3) refers to the part on both sides of the second center line of the first pipe cross section. The second center line is perpendicular to the first center line. The processing circuit (41) is used to determine, based on the initial microwave signal and the first microwave signal, the first instantaneous moisture content of the first transmission line (1) at the current moment; to determine, based on the initial microwave signal and the second microwave signal, the second instantaneous moisture content of the second transmission line (2) at the current moment; and to determine, based on the initial microwave signal and the third microwave signal, the third instantaneous moisture content of the third transmission line (3) at the current moment. The processing circuit (41) is further configured to determine a target flow pattern based on the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content, wherein the target flow pattern represents the state of the crude oil multiphase flow in the first pipeline; and to process the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

2. The water cut analyzer for crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing circuit (41) includes: a first processing circuit (411) and a second processing circuit (412); The first processing circuit (411) and the second processing circuit (412) are electrically connected; The first processing circuit (411) is configured to determine the first instantaneous moisture content based on the initial microwave signal and the first microwave signal; determine the second instantaneous moisture content based on the initial microwave signal and the second microwave signal; determine the third instantaneous moisture content based on the initial microwave signal and the third microwave signal; and send the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content to the second processing circuit (412). The second processing circuit (412) is used to determine the target flow pattern based on the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content and the third instantaneous water content; and to process the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content and the third instantaneous water content based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment.

3. The water cut analyzer for crude oil of claim 1, wherein, The first transmission line (1) is positioned above the first center line, the second transmission line (2) is positioned below the first center line, and the third transmission line (3) is positioned on the second center line; or, The crude oil water content analyzer further includes: a second pipe (5), both ends of which are connected to the first pipe, and the third center line of the cross-section of the second pipe (5) is at the same horizontal position as the first center line; the first transmission line (1) is set above the third center line, the second transmission line (2) is set below the third center line, and the third transmission line (3) is set on the fourth center line of the cross-section of the second pipe (5).

4. The water cut analyzer for crude oil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first transmission line (1) is located at 1 / 4 of the cross-section of the second pipe (5) and above the third center line; The second transmission line (2) is located at 3 / 4 of the cross-section of the second pipe (5) and below the third center line.

5. The crude oil water content analyzer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first transmission line (1) and the second transmission line (2) are located on both sides of the third transmission line (3).

6. The crude oil water content analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transmission line (1) is located at 1 / 4 of the cross-section of the first pipe and is above the first center line; The second transmission line (2) is located at 3 / 4 of the cross-section of the first pipe and below the first center line.

7. The crude oil water content analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crude oil water content analyzer also includes: a first seal (11) and a second seal (12); The first sealing element (11) is provided at the input end of the first transmission line (1), and the second sealing element (12) is provided at the output end of the first transmission line (1).

8. A method for detecting the water content of crude oil, characterized in that, Applied to the crude oil water content analyzer according to any one of claims 1-7, the method comprises: An initial microwave signal and a first microwave signal are acquired. Based on the initial microwave signal and the first microwave signal, the first instantaneous water content at the current moment is determined. The first microwave signal is the signal after the initial microwave signal is affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of action of the first transmission line. The range of action of the first transmission line refers to the part above the first center line of the cross-section of the first pipe. The first pipe is the pipe to be tested, and the cross-section of the first pipe is perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil multiphase flow. A second microwave signal is acquired, and based on the initial microwave signal and the second microwave signal, the second instantaneous water content at the current moment is determined; the second microwave signal is the signal of the initial microwave signal after being affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of action of the second transmission line, and the range of action of the second transmission line refers to the part below the first center line; A third microwave signal is acquired, and the third instantaneous water content at the current moment is determined based on the initial microwave signal and the third microwave signal. The third microwave signal is the signal of the initial microwave signal after being affected by the crude oil multiphase flow within the range of the third transmission line. The range of the third transmission line refers to the portion on both sides of the second center line of the first pipe cross-section, and the second center line is perpendicular to the first center line. Based on the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut, the target flow pattern is determined, and the target flow pattern is used to represent the state of the crude oil multiphase flow in the first pipeline; Based on the target flow pattern, the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut are processed to obtain the crude oil water cut at the current moment.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the target flow pattern is a slug flow pattern, the process of processing the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water cut at the current moment includes: If the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference are all within a preset difference range, the first average value of the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content is determined as the crude oil water content at the current moment; wherein, the first difference is the difference between the first instantaneous water content and the second instantaneous water content, the second difference is the difference between the second instantaneous water content and the third instantaneous water content, and the third difference is the difference between the third instantaneous water content and the first instantaneous water content; If any of the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference is not within the preset difference range, and the second instantaneous water content is greater than the third instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content is greater than the first instantaneous water content, then the second instantaneous water content shall be taken as the crude oil water content at the current moment.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the target flow pattern is a slug flow pattern, the process of processing the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water cut at the current moment includes: If the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are all 0, then the current crude oil water content is determined to be 0. If the first instantaneous water content is not zero, the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are processed according to the processing method corresponding to the slug flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment. When the first instantaneous water content is 0, and the second and third instantaneous water contents are both non-zero, the first, second, and third instantaneous water contents corresponding to each time point between the first time point and the current time point are obtained. These first, second, and third instantaneous water contents are then grouped into a first array. One or more columns with a first instantaneous water content of 0 are removed from the first array to obtain a second array. Based on the second array, the crude oil water content at the current time point is determined. Wherein, the first moment is the moment before the current moment, and the time interval between the first moment and the current moment is a first preset time interval; each column in the first array consists of the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content and the third instantaneous moisture content at the same moment.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, Determining the crude oil water content at the current moment based on the second array includes: If the number of columns in the second array is greater than the first preset number, the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are processed according to the processing method corresponding to the bouncy flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment. If the number of columns in the second array is less than the first preset number, a target column is determined from the second array; a first weight and a second weight are obtained; based on the first weight and the second weight, a weighted average is performed on the second instantaneous water content and the third instantaneous water content in the target column to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment; Among them, the values ​​of the second instantaneous moisture content and the third instantaneous moisture content in the target column are the largest, the first weight is the weight of the second instantaneous moisture content in the target column, and the second weight is the weight of the third instantaneous moisture content in the target column.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the first instantaneous moisture content of each column in the first array is 0, the second instantaneous moisture content and the third instantaneous moisture content are weighted and averaged based on the third weight and the fourth weight to obtain the fourth instantaneous moisture content; The gas-liquid ratio is determined based on the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each time point between the first time point and the current time point; The product of the fourth instantaneous water content and the gas-liquid ratio is determined as the current crude oil water content.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The determination of the gas-liquid ratio based on the third instantaneous water content corresponding to each time moment includes: A second average value is determined based on a first quantity and the third instantaneous moisture content corresponding to each time between the first time and the current time, wherein the first quantity is the number of columns in the first array; Based on the third instantaneous moisture content and the second average value corresponding to each time between the first time and the current time, a second quantity and a third quantity are counted. The second quantity is the number of third instantaneous moisture contents in the first array that are greater than the second average value, and the third quantity is the number of third instantaneous moisture contents in the first array that are less than or equal to the second average value. The ratio of the third quantity to the second quantity is determined as the gas-liquid ratio.

14. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the target flow pattern is an annular flow pattern, the process of processing the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water cut at the current moment includes: Obtain the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content corresponding to each moment between the second moment and the current moment, wherein the second moment is the moment before the current moment, and the time interval between the second moment and the current moment is a second preset time interval; Based on the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content corresponding to each time between the second time and the current time, a third array is determined; Based on the first instantaneous moisture content, the second instantaneous moisture content, and the third instantaneous moisture content of each column in the third array, determine the third average value of each column; Based on the third average of each column, determine the fourth average of the third array; Based on the fourth average value, a fourth quantity is calculated, where the fourth quantity is the number of third average values ​​that are greater than the fourth average value. The average of the fourth number of third average values ​​is determined to be the crude oil water content at the current moment.

15. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the target flow pattern is an intermittent effluent flow pattern, the process of processing the first instantaneous water cut, the second instantaneous water cut, and the third instantaneous water cut based on the target flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water cut at the current moment includes: When the current moment is a slug flow pattern, the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are processed according to the processing method corresponding to the slug flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment. The intermittent liquid flow pattern includes: slug flow pattern, annular flow pattern, and empty pipe. If the current flow pattern is annular, the first instantaneous water content, the second instantaneous water content, and the third instantaneous water content are processed according to the processing method corresponding to the annular flow pattern to obtain the crude oil water content at the current moment. If the current pipe is empty, the water content of the crude oil at the current time is determined to be 0.

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