A life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA

Abstract

This application relates to a life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA, including the following steps: S01) Obtaining the process spatial location set S p S02) Obtain a list D suitable for GIS-LCA; S03) Obtain the set of spatial locations of characteristic influencing factors S c S04) Construct the spatial data matrix C of the characteristic influence factors; S05) Construct the process location set P of the characteristic influence factors. s ;S06) will P s The parameterization process is transformed into a characteristic influence factor location matrix P; S07) Calculate the score matrix H of the characteristic influence factors in spatial location; S08) Based on the score matrix H, perform environmental assessment and interpretation of the target product. This application changes the existing LCIA calculation method that mechanically adopts the flow name correspondence method. This application can utilize geographic information system technology to achieve automatic flow correspondence by means of spatial relationships, so as to meet the GIS-LCA calculation requirements for LCIA.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of data processing applicable to forecasting purposes, and specifically relates to a life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA. Background Technology

[0002] GIS-LCA stands for Geographic Information System-Life Cycle Assessment. It integrates GIS (Geographic Information System) and LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) technologies to form a spatial-based life cycle assessment methodology. GIS-LCA is particularly suitable for my country's unique spatial heterogeneity and can provide strong technical support for refined environmental management and precise governance.

[0003] Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) is a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the environmental impacts identified in inventory analysis during Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). It is used to determine the impact of a product system's material and energy exchange processes on its external environment (primarily ecosystems and human health).

[0004] Existing LCIA calculation methods mechanically adopt a flow name correspondence approach without considering geographic location relationships, leading to inaccurate results. They can only be correctly evaluated when the LCIA method includes flows bound to that geographic location. In particular, within the GIS-LCA framework, inventory data considers geographic location, rendering existing LCIA calculation methods inadequate for the requirements of LCIA calculation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA, which can perform LCIA calculation based on a list suitable for GIS-LCA, and further improve the overall framework of GIS-LCA.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA includes the following steps:

[0008] S01) Based on the purpose and scope of the research, obtain the geographic spatial locations of the processes included in the LCA research, forming a process spatial location set S. p ;

[0009] S02) Based on the process spatial location set Sp Obtain a list matrix D suitable for GIS-LCA;

[0010] S03) Compare the research spatial scope R defined by the research objectives and scope in step S01) with the spatial scope I included in the life cycle impact assessment dataset. r Obtain the set of spatial locations S of characteristic influence factors c ;

[0011] S04) Based on S c And D, construct the characteristic influence factor spatial data matrix C;

[0012] S05) Based on S p With S c Construct the characteristic influencing factor process location set P s ;

[0013] S06) P s Parameterization was performed to obtain the characteristic influence factor process location matrix P;

[0014] S07) Based on D, C, and P, the score matrix H of the flow is calculated;

[0015] S08) Based on H, conduct an environmental assessment and interpretation of the target product.

[0016] Furthermore, the spatial location set S of the characteristic influencing factors c The calculation formula is:

[0017]

[0018] in, This represents the intersection operation of sets.

[0019] Further, in step S04), the characteristic influencing factor process location set P is constructed. s At that time, the spatial location set S of the characteristic influencing factors c And construct the characteristic influence factor spatial data matrix C by identifying the material sequence of the list matrix D.

[0020] Further, in step S05), the characteristic influence factor process location set P is constructed. s At that time, the process spatial location set S p As row identifiers, the set S of characteristic influence factors spatial locations is used. c Used as a column identifier.

[0021] Furthermore, the characteristic influencing factor process location set P sThe elements in the set represent positional relationships, and the positional relationships in the process position set P include equal, within, contains, touch, disjoint, and overlaps. Among them, equal means that the process spatial position is equal to the characteristic influence factor spatial position; within means that the process spatial position is inside the characteristic influence factor spatial position; disjoint means that the process spatial position is separate from the characteristic influence factor spatial position; contains means that the characteristic influence factor spatial position is inside the process spatial position; touch means that the characteristic influence factor spatial position is adjacent to the process spatial position; and overlaps means that the characteristic influence factor spatial position overlaps with the process spatial position.

[0022] Further, in step S06), the characteristic influencing factor process location set P is... s The parameterization process position matrix P of the characteristic influence factor is obtained by parameterization as follows: the element value of the position relationship is equal and within is 1, and the element value of the position relationship is touch, contains and disjoint is 0.

[0023] Furthermore, the characteristic influencing factor process location set P s The positional relationship also includes overlaps, which indicate that the spatial location of the process overlaps with the spatial location of the characteristic influence factor. When the positional relationship is overlap, the element value is determined by the proportion of the overlap area in the spatial location of the characteristic influence factor.

[0024] Furthermore, the score matrix of each substance and / or non-substance in the substance list at a certain spatial location is denoted as the score matrix H, and the formula for calculating H is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, P T For the transpose of the set of process locations P that characterizes the influencing factors, * denotes the Hadamard product.

[0027] Furthermore, the scores for each spatial extent studied by LCA are obtained through scoring. H p The score was calculated. H p The calculation formula is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Where SUM represents the addition operation of the rows containing the corresponding labels in the space. H p This represents the score for each spatial extent studied by LCA.

[0030] Furthermore, the total score of the spatial extent studied by LCA is obtained through the total score. H t The score was calculated. H t The calculation formula is as follows:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, SUM p This represents the operation of adding up the scores across different spatial ranges. H t This represents the total score of the spatial extent studied by the LCA.

[0033] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] This application provides a life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA, which can perform LCIA calculation based on the GIS-LCA inventory, thus meeting the LCIA calculation requirements within the GIS-LCA framework. Furthermore, this application changes the existing LCIA calculation methods that mechanically rely on flow name correspondence. Instead, it utilizes geographic information system (GIS) technology and spatial relationships to achieve automatic flow correspondence, overcoming the limitation of traditional inventory calculations that can only correctly evaluate flows if the LCIA method includes flows bound to that geographic location. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application; in the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 A flowchart of a life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA is provided for this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] A life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA includes the following steps:

[0038] S01) Obtain the process spatial location set S based on the geographic spatial locations where all processes occur in a specific LCA study. p A process is defined in ISO 9000 as a set of interrelated or interacting activities that transform inputs into outputs. For example, the electricity production process involves converting a series of input data, such as fuel / raw materials, into electrical energy and its corresponding environmentally impactful emissions, such as SO2.

[0039] In this step, the set of process spatial locations S is obtained based on the geospatial locations where all processes occur in the specific LCA study. p In a specific LCA (Limited Course of Action) study, the process within the research objectives and scope defined by the LCA is the process itself. A process has input and output flows, both of which consist of intermediate and basic flows. Basic flows refer to substances or non-substances directly obtained or emitted from the environment without technological intervention; non-substances include noise. Intermediate flows refer to products, waste, and other substances or non-substances that have undergone technological intervention.

[0040] For example, the LCA study for electricity production includes the following process, as shown in Table 1:

[0041] Table 1 LCA Study of Electricity Production

[0042]

[0043] Table 1 shows example data, the process spatial location set S p =[Qingdao, Shandong, Hebei, Sichuan]; The process spatial location set consists of several spatial locations. For example, Qingdao or Shandong is a spatial location. A spatial location represents the location where the process occurs. If the location of the process flow (basic flow or output flow) is different from the process location, then the flow location is also a spatial location and should be recorded in the process spatial location set S. p In essence, spatial location refers to geometric data representing its geographical location. For ease of explanation, names such as Qingdao are used to represent the actual geometric data of Qingdao.

[0044] S02) Based on the process spatial location set S p Obtain a suitable inventory matrix D for GIS-LCA. Inventory matrix D has column identifiers, which represent the order of the items in the columns of inventory matrix D, denoted as D. s In this step, the inventory matrix D suitable for GIS-LCA can be implemented according to existing technologies.

[0045] Table 2 shows the location-based list matrix D, which lists the items according to their order in the spatial location set (units are omitted in the table, and the data in the table are example data; in actual operation, they should be filled in according to the actual situation):

[0046] Table 2 List D suitable for GIS-LCA

[0047]

[0048] The order of the columns in the list matrix D s For [CO2, O2, SO2, Water].

[0049] S03) Compare the research spatial scope R defined by the research objectives and scope in step S01) with the research spatial scope I of the life cycle impact assessment dataset. r Obtain the spatial locations of characteristic impact factors, and group overlapping characteristic impact factor spatial locations into the same set to form a characteristic impact factor spatial location set S. c .

[0050] For example, if the LCIA method used is a provincial method, and the LCIA method includes provincial data for all 32 provinces in my country, then the scope is I. r The research spatial scope R defined in the life cycle assessment framework is Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, and Henan. Therefore, spatial scope R represents the regional area comprised of Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, and Henan. This is compared to the research spatial scope R defined in the life cycle assessment framework with the spatial scope I studied by LCIA. r Then, the set of spatial locations of the characteristic influence factors is S. c =[Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan]. The spatial range R also represents the geometric data of its geographical location. Here, the data is for example purposes. For ease of explanation, semantic data is used, such as Shandong representing the actual geometric data of Shandong.

[0051] S04) Based on the spatial location set of characteristic influence factors S c and the material order D in the list matrix D s Construct a spatial data matrix C of characteristic influence factors. The characteristic influence factors to be used in the calculation can be determined using the LCIA method; these factors may be equivalent values ​​or conversion factors.

[0052] Using the spatial location set S of characteristic influence factors c As row identifier, in material order D s To identify the columns, a spatial data matrix C of characteristic impact factors is constructed. In LCIA, the data includes both geographic location information and the characteristic impact factors corresponding to the flows (such as CO2) at that geographic location. In this embodiment, the spatial data matrix C of characteristic impact factors constructed based on the inventory matrix D is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] The element values ​​in the matrix above are just examples; the actual values ​​should be filled in accordingly.

[0055] S05) Based on the process spatial location set S p With the spatial location set S of characteristic influence factors c Construct the characteristic influencing factor process location set P s .

[0056] S p =[Qingdao, Shandong, Hebei, Sichuan], S c =[Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan], determine S p and S c The positional relationships are shown in Table 3:

[0057] Table 3 S p and S c Positional Relationship Table

[0058]

[0059] Table 3 is filled in according to my country's actual geographical location. Positional relationships include equal, within, contains, touch, disjoint, and overlaps. "Equal" indicates that the process spatial location and the characteristic influence factor spatial location are equal; "within" indicates that the process spatial location is inside the characteristic influence factor spatial location; "disjoint" indicates that the process spatial location is separate from the characteristic influence factor spatial location; "contains" indicates that the characteristic influence factor spatial location is inside the process spatial location; "touch" indicates that the characteristic influence factor spatial location and the process spatial location are adjacent; and "overlaps" indicates that the characteristic factor spatial location and the process spatial location overlap. In other cases, "overlaps" may occur, indicating that the process spatial location and the characteristic influence factor spatial location coincide. When the positional relationship is coincident, the element value is determined by the proportion of the overlapping area within the characteristic influence factor spatial location.

[0060] S06) Based on the characteristic influencing factor process location set P s The parameterization of this parameterization is expressed as a characteristic influence factor process location matrix P. The characteristic influence factor process location set P is then... s Parameterization is performed, where elements with positional relationships of equal and within have a value of 1, and elements with positional relationships of touch, contain, and disjoint have a value of 0. The parameterized characteristic influence factor process position matrix P obtained from Table 3 is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] S07) Based on the inventory matrix D, the characteristic influence factor spatial data matrix C, and the characteristic influence factor process location matrix P, the score matrix of each substance (including non-substances) in the inventory at a certain spatial location is calculated, denoted as the score matrix H. The score at each spatial location can be calculated based on the score matrix H. H p and the total score of the spatial range studied by LCAH t The formula for calculating the score matrix H is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, P T This is the transpose of the process position matrix P for characterizing the influencing factors, where * denotes the Hadamard product.

[0065] The following score matrix H illustrates the specific implementation of the score calculation method:

[0066]

[0067] The element values ​​in the score matrix H in this embodiment are merely example results.

[0068] S08) Environmental assessment interpretation of the target product based on the score matrix H. During the assessment, the appropriate use will be determined based on the actual situation. H p Scoring for a single area still uses H t Interpret the results.

[0069] For example, when obtaining the score for Shandong through the score matrix H, the values ​​of each element in the row containing Shandong are added together. For instance, the value corresponding to Shandong in H is 1+3+4+0+0=8, which gives the score for Shandong.

[0070] To obtain the total score for all spatial extents of the LCA study H t Then, simply add up all element values ​​or add up the scores of all research spaces.

[0071] The above description is merely the basic principle and preferred embodiment of the present invention. Improvements and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01) Based on the purpose and scope of the research, obtain the geographic spatial locations of the processes included in the LCA research, forming a process spatial location set S. p ; S02) Based on the process spatial location set S p Obtain a list matrix D suitable for GIS-LCA; S03) Compare the research spatial scope R defined by the research objectives and scope in step S01) with the spatial scope I included in the life cycle impact assessment dataset. r Obtain the set of spatial locations S of characteristic influence factors c ; S04) Based on S c And D, construct the characteristic influence factor spatial data matrix C; S05) Based on S p With S c Construct the characteristic influencing factor process location set P s ; S06) P s Parameterization was performed to obtain the characteristic influence factor process location matrix P; S07) Based on D, C, and P, the score matrix H of the flow is calculated; S08) Based on H, conduct an environmental assessment and interpretation of the target product; Characterization of the process location set P of the influencing factors s The elements in the set represent positional relationships, and the positional relationships in the process position set P include equal, within, contains, touch, disjoint, and overlaps. Among them, equal means that the process spatial position is equal to the characteristic influence factor spatial position, within means that the process spatial position is inside the characteristic influence factor spatial position, disjoint means that the process spatial position is separate from the characteristic influence factor spatial position, contains means that the characteristic influence factor spatial position is inside the process spatial position, touch means that the characteristic influence factor spatial position is adjacent to the process spatial position, and overlaps means that the characteristic influence factor spatial position overlaps with the process spatial position. In step S06), the characteristic influencing factor process location set P s The parameterization process position matrix P of the characteristic influence factor is obtained by parameterization as follows: the element value of the position relationship is equal and within is 1, and the element value of the position relationship is touch, contains and disjoint is 0. When the positional relationship is overlapping, the element value is determined by the proportion of the overlapping area in the spatial location of the characteristic influence factor. The score matrix of each substance and / or non-substance in the substance list at a certain spatial location is denoted as score matrix H, and the formula for calculating H is as follows: Among them, P T This is the transpose of the process location matrix P for characterizing the influencing factors. It represents the Hadama accumulation.

2. The life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA according to claim 1, characterized in that, The set of spatial locations of the characteristic influencing factors S c The calculation formula is: in, This represents the intersection operation of sets.

3. The life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S05), the characteristic influence factor process location set P is constructed. s At that time, the spatial location set S of the characteristic influencing factors c And the material order in the list matrix D, construct the characteristic influence factor spatial data matrix C.

4. The life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S05), the process location set P of the characteristic influence factors is constructed. s At that time, the process spatial location set S p As row identifiers, the set S of characteristic influence factors spatial locations is used. c Used as a column identifier.

5. The life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scores of the various spatial ranges studied by LCA are obtained through scoring. H p The score was calculated. H p The calculation formula is as follows: Where SUM represents the addition operation of the rows containing the corresponding labels in the space. H p This represents the score for each spatial extent studied by LCA.

6. The life cycle impact assessment calculation method suitable for GIS-LCA according to claim 5, characterized in that, The total score of the spatial extent studied by LCA is obtained through the total score. H t The score was calculated. H t The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, SUM p This represents the operation of adding up the scores across different spatial ranges. H t This represents the total score of the spatial extent studied by the LCA.

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