Surgical instrument

Abstract

The application discloses a surgical instrument, which comprises a front end assembly, a handle assembly, a cover assembly and a coupling. The front end assembly comprises a transmission shaft. The handle assembly comprises a driving shaft. The cover assembly is detachably mounted with the handle assembly to enclose the handle assembly. The cover assembly comprises an upper cover and a lower cover. The upper cover is rotatably connected with the lower cover. The cover assembly further comprises the coupling. The coupling comprises a coupling body and an elastic piece. The coupling body is arranged on the upper cover. The coupling body has a pop-out state and a retraction state relative to the upper cover. The surgical instrument is switched from a separated state to a connected state. The coupling body is in the pop-out state. The coupling body is always separated from the driving shaft. The smooth rotation of the upper cover is ensured. After the surgical instrument is in the connected state, the front end assembly is mounted to the cover assembly. The transmission shaft drives the coupling body to move along the axial direction. The coupling body is connected with the driving shaft through the second part. The coupling body and the driving shaft are butted along the axial direction. The unstable connection is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a surgical instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Anastomosing devices are medical devices used to replace manual suturing. Their main working principle is to use a cutting blade and titanium staples to cut and anastomose tissue, similar to a stapler. Because they are easy to use, provide tight sutures, and have appropriate tightness, and have few side effects and surgical complications, they can even remove lesions in cancer patients. Therefore, they are highly favored and recommended by clinical surgeons at home and abroad.

[0003] The stapler comprises: jaws, a front end assembly connecting to the jaws, a handle assembly connecting to the front end assembly, and a housing assembly. The jaws, front end assembly, and housing assembly are sterile components. The handle assembly, containing a battery and motor, cannot be sterilized and is therefore a sterile component. The housing assembly ensures a sterile operating environment. The front end assembly includes a transmission structure and a transmission shaft. The handle assembly has an output shaft, and the housing assembly has a coupling. The transmission shaft and output shaft are connected via the coupling.

[0004] The housing assembly includes an upper housing and a lower housing, which are rotatably connected. During the installation of the handle assembly and the housing assembly, the upper housing rotatably connects to the lower housing to seal the handle assembly. After the upper and lower housings are connected, a coupling connects to the drive shaft of the handle assembly. The coupling is located on the upper housing. When the upper and lower housings are connected, the coupling mates with the drive shaft in the direction of rotation. However, when the coupling contacts the drive shaft, the axis of the coupling is not collinear with the axis of the drive shaft, which may prevent installation and prevent the upper housing from continuing to connect to the lower housing.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a surgical instrument to overcome the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a surgical instrument that solves the problem that the coupling and drive shaft cannot be installed when the upper and lower covers are connected.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a surgical instrument, comprising:

[0008] Front-end components, including the drive shaft;

[0009] Handle assembly, including drive shaft;

[0010] A housing assembly, detachably mounted to the handle assembly to enclose the handle assembly; comprising an upper housing and a lower housing, the upper housing and the lower housing being rotatably connected;

[0011] The housing assembly further includes a coupling, which comprises a coupling body and a spring element. The coupling body includes a first part and a second part connected to each other. The first part is detachably connected to the transmission shaft, and the second part is detachably connected to the drive shaft. The coupling body is disposed on the upper housing and is movable relative to the upper housing in the axial direction, allowing the coupling body to have an extended state and a retracted state relative to the upper housing. One end of the spring element is connected to the upper housing, and the other end is connected to the coupling body. The spring element keeps the coupling body in the extended state.

[0012] The surgical instrument has a detached state and a connected state. In the detached state, the handle assembly is partially housed in the lower housing, and the upper housing is not connected to the lower housing. In the connected state, the upper housing is connected to the lower housing, and the handle assembly is housed within the housing assembly, such that the housing assembly closes the handle assembly.

[0013] When the surgical instrument switches from the separated state to the connected state, the coupling body is in the pop-out state, causing the second part to separate from the drive shaft. After the surgical instrument is in the connected state, the front end assembly is installed on the housing assembly, causing the drive shaft to connect with the first part and drive the first part to move along the axial direction, thereby causing the coupling body to switch to the retracted state. During the process of the coupling body switching from the pop-out state to the retracted state, the coupling body is connected to the drive shaft through the second part.

[0014] Furthermore, the coupling body includes a flange, which is located at the end of the first part away from the second part; the upper cover includes a through bushing, and the coupling body is movably fitted inside the bushing; one end of the elastic member is connected to the bushing, and the other end is connected to the flange.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper cover includes a through-hole bushing, and the coupling body is movably fitted inside the bushing; one of the coupling body and the bushing is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring fits against the other of the coupling body and the bushing.

[0016] Furthermore, the second part is provided with a guide ramp, and the drive shaft is provided with a mating part. During the process of the coupling body switching from the pop-out state to the retracted state, the guide ramp and the mating part cooperate to make the second part rotate to the first docking state, and the drive shaft is in the stopped rotation state; in the first docking state, the drive shaft can be connected to the second part.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner ring of the second part is provided with multiple docking parts, and a docking space is formed between adjacent docking parts. The guide slope is provided on the docking part. In the first docking state, each of the mating parts is aligned with each of the docking spaces. In response to the front end component being installed on the cover component, the drive shaft drives the coupling body to move downward, thereby causing each of the mating parts to insert into each of the docking spaces, so that the drive shaft is connected to the second part.

[0018] Furthermore, the surgical instrument also includes jaws, and the front end assembly further includes a transmission structure connected to the drive shaft. The transmission structure is drivably connected to the jaws, and the drive shaft drives the jaws to open or close via the transmission structure. When the drive shaft rotates in a first direction, it drives the jaws to close via the transmission structure.

[0019] The guide slope engages with the mating part, causing the coupling body and the drive shaft to rotate along the first direction.

[0020] Furthermore, the guide slope has a high side and a low side, the low side being away from the high side along the first direction.

[0021] Furthermore, one of the front end assembly and the cover assembly is provided with a sliding groove, and the other of the two is provided with a slider. The sliding groove is used to slide with the slider so that the drive shaft is connected to the first part along the axial direction and drives the coupling body to move along the axial direction.

[0022] Furthermore, the first part is provided with a second guide slope, and the transmission shaft is provided with a second mating part. The second guide slope and the second mating part cooperate to rotate the first part to a second docking state, and the transmission shaft is in a stopped rotation state. In the second docking state, the transmission shaft can be connected to the first part.

[0023] Furthermore, the second guide slope includes: a first side slope and a second side slope, both the first side slope and the second side slope having a high side and a low side, the low side of the first side slope being away from the high side of the first side slope along the first direction, the low side of the second side slope being away from the high side of the second side slope along the second direction, one end of the first side slope being connected to one end of the second side slope, and the first direction and the second direction being opposite.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the surgical instrument provided in this application are as follows: During the process of switching the surgical instrument from a disengaged state to a connected state, the coupling body remains in an ejected state, ensuring that the coupling body is always separated from the drive shaft and will not interfere, thus guaranteeing the smooth installation of the upper cover. In the connected state, the coupling body is separated from the drive shaft and their axes coincide. During the subsequent installation of the front-end components, the coupling body is pressed to move along the axial direction and align with the drive shaft, thus avoiding unstable connections. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the surgical instrument provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front-end component, handle component, and coupling provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the surgical instrument in the separated state according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surgical instrument in the connected state according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram illustrating the assembly of the front-end component to the housing component according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the transmission shaft and the coupling body provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the drive shaft and coupling body provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 A partial schematic diagram at point B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first part provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission shaft provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drive shaft provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first part provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the second part provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 100. Clamping jaws; 110. Sleeve;

[0042] 200. Front-end assembly; 210. Drive shaft; 2101. Limiting part; 2102. Protrusion; 214. Mating protrusion; 2141. Mating inclined surface; 2100. Mating part; 220. Transmission structure; 221. Gear set; 2211. First gear; 2212. Second gear; 2213. Sliding block; 230. Mating block;

[0043] 300. Cover assembly; 310. Mud-fitting surface; 320. Coupling; 3200. Coupling body; 3201. Flange; 3202. Sealing ring; 321. First part; 3211. Second mating part; 3212. Second mating space; 3213. Second guide slope; 322. Second part; 3225. Guide slope; 3226. Mud-fitting part; 3227. Mating space; 323. Bushing; 330. Upper cover; 340. Lower cover; 360. Guide groove;

[0044] 400, Handle assembly; 410, Drive shaft; 4100, Mating part; 420, Drive structure. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0046] It is important to understand that the terms "proximal" and "distal" used in this article are relative to the clinician manipulating the stapler's handle. "Proximal" refers to the part closer to the clinician, while "distal" refers to the part farther away. That is, the handle is proximal, and the jaw assembly is distal. For example, the proximal end of a component refers to the end relatively closer to the handle, and the distal end refers to the end relatively closer to the jaw assembly. The terms "upper" and "lower" are relative to the relative positions of the anvil and stapler seat on the jaw assembly; specifically, the anvil is "upper," and the stapler seat is "lower." However, staplers can be used in many orientations and positions, so these terms expressing relative positional relationships are not limited or absolute.

[0047] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a movable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, such as contact. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. It should be noted that when "connected" or "linked" is preceded by a qualifier, it has the meaning defined by that qualifier, excluding only obviously excluded cases, but not other possible cases. For example, "detachable connection" refers to a detachable connection, excluding an integral part, but movable connections are not excluded.

[0048] This application relates to a surgical instrument, including a handle assembly, a front end assembly, a housing assembly, a cannula, and jaws. The front end assembly has a transmission structure and a drive shaft. The transmission structure is connected to the cannula. When the drive shaft rotates, it drives the cannula to move via the transmission structure, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the jaws. The handle assembly has a drive structure and a drive shaft. The drive shaft rotates under the drive of the drive structure. The housing assembly includes a coupling for connecting the drive shaft and the drive shaft. The housing assembly is installed after the handle assembly, and the coupling is connected to the drive shaft. The front end assembly can be mounted on the housing assembly so that the drive shaft is connected to the coupling. The drive shaft drives the drive shaft to rotate via the coupling, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the jaws. The housing assembly includes an upper housing and a lower housing, which are rotatably connected. When installing the handle assembly and the housing assembly, the handle assembly is first placed inside the lower housing, and then the upper housing is rotated to connect with the lower housing, thus completing the installation and sealing of the housing assembly on the handle assembly. The drive shaft is located on the top surface of the handle assembly, and the coupling is located on the upper housing. In the prior art, after the upper cover is connected to the lower cover, the coupling and the drive shaft are in a connected state, and the coupling is connected to the drive shaft during the rotation of the upper cover. Therefore, when the upper cover rotates, the coupling and the drive shaft may interfere, causing the upper cover to be unable to continue rotating, and the installation of the cover assembly cannot continue.

[0049] In this embodiment, the coupling includes a coupling body and a spring element. The coupling body is located on the upper cover and can move along the axial direction, having an extended state and a retracted state. The spring element connects the coupling body and the upper cover, and the spring force of the spring element keeps the coupling body in the extended state. In the extended state, the coupling body is away from the handle assembly. The surgical instrument has a separated state and a connected state. In the separated state, the handle assembly is partially housed in the lower cover, and the upper cover and lower cover are not connected. In the connected state, the upper cover and lower cover are connected, and the handle assembly is housed in the cover assembly and sealed by the cover assembly. When the surgical instrument switches from the separated state to the connected state, the coupling body is always in the extended state. When the surgical instrument is in the separated state, during the process of switching from the separated state to the connected state, and in the connected state, it never contacts the drive shaft, thus avoiding interference when the upper cover rotates, which could prevent the cover assembly from being installed properly. In the connected state, when the coupling body is in the pop-out position, it is coaxial with the drive shaft and located above it. During the installation of the front-end assembly, the front-end assembly and drive shaft move downwards, pushing the coupling body downwards and connecting it to the drive shaft along the axial direction, thus improving the stability of the connection between the coupling and the drive shaft. During the installation process of the coupling body and the drive shaft, the coupling body and the drive shaft rotate relative to each other to the first mating state. In the first mating state, the coupling body can connect with the drive shaft.

[0050] In this invention, "can" refers to a state where the drive shaft and the first part, or the drive shaft and the second part, are not connected but can be connected. When the drive shaft is in the second mating state, the drive shaft is aligned with the first part but not connected, and the drive shaft can extend into or insert into the first part to connect with it; or the second part rotates relative to the drive shaft to the first mating state, the drive shaft is aligned with the second part but not connected, and the drive shaft can extend into or insert into the second part to connect with it.

[0051] The transition of a surgical instrument from the separated state to the connected state includes three states: the surgical instrument is in the separated state, the process of transitioning from the separated state to the connected state, and the instrument is in the connected state.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a surgical instrument that medical personnel can operate to perform surgical procedures, cutting and suturing patient tissues. Specifically, the surgical instrument is an electric stapler.

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the surgical instruments include:

[0054] The jaws 100 include a staple cartridge seat and an anvil pivotally connected to the staple cartridge seat. The staple cartridge is detachably installed in the staple cartridge seat. The anvil pivots relative to the staple cartridge seat to open or close the jaws 100. When the jaws 100 are closed, they can clamp tissue for surgical procedures. When the jaws 100 are open, they can be used to install and remove the staple cartridge. The jaws 100 are in direct contact with the patient's tissue and are sterile components.

[0055] The front-end assembly 200 includes a drive shaft 210 and a transmission structure 220 connected to the drive shaft 210. The transmission structure 220 is connected to the jaws 100. When a driving torque is applied to the drive shaft 210, the drive shaft 210 rotates, causing the jaws 100 to open or close via the transmission structure 220. When the drive shaft 210 rotates in a first direction, it causes the jaws 100 to close via the transmission structure 220; when the drive shaft 210 rotates in a second direction, it causes the jaws 100 to open via the transmission structure 220. The front-end assembly 200 is connected to the jaws 100 and is a sterile assembly.

[0056] The handle assembly 400 includes a drive shaft 410 and a drive structure 420 connected to the drive shaft 410. The handle assembly 400 is used by medical personnel to hold and operate. When operated, the drive structure 420 is activated, causing the drive shaft 410 to rotate. The drive shaft 410 is connected to the transmission shaft 210 via a coupling 320, allowing the handle assembly 400 to drive the opening and closing of the jaws 100 through the front end assembly 200. It is worth noting that the drive structure 420 includes a motor and a battery and cannot be sterilized; therefore, the handle assembly 400 is a sterile component.

[0057] A housing assembly 300 is mounted on the handle assembly 400 to enclose the handle assembly 400, achieving pathogen isolation of the handle assembly 400. The housing assembly 300 connects the handle assembly 400 and the front end assembly 200. The housing assembly 300 is a sterile component, preventing bacteria on the handle assembly 400 from being transferred to the front end assembly 200, ensuring a sterile surgical environment. The housing assembly 300 is mounted on the handle assembly 400, and the front end assembly 200 is mounted on the housing assembly 300, thus positioning the housing assembly 300 between the handle assembly 400 and the front end assembly 200. The housing assembly 300 has an outer surface, including a mating surface 310 for contacting the front end assembly 200. The housing assembly 300 also includes a coupling 320 disposed on the outer surface, specifically on the mating surface 310. The coupling 320 includes a first part 321 and a second part 322 that can be connected to each other. The first part 321 is used to connect with the transmission shaft 210, and the second part 322 is used to connect with the drive shaft 410, thereby realizing the transmission connection between the drive shaft 410 and the transmission shaft 210.

[0058] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the housing assembly 300 includes an upper housing 330 and a lower housing 340. During the installation of the housing assembly 300 onto the handle assembly 400, the lower housing 340 is fitted over the handle assembly 400, and the upper housing 330 closes the portion of the handle assembly 400 not covered by the lower housing 340 and connects to the lower housing 340 to complete the installation. The upper housing 330 and the lower housing 340 are rotatably connected, and the surgical instrument has a separated state and a connected state. In the separated state, the handle assembly 400 is partially housed in the lower housing 340, and the upper housing 330 and the lower housing 340 are not connected; in the connected state, the upper housing 330 and the lower housing 340 are connected, and the handle assembly 400 is housed within the housing assembly 300, thereby closing the handle assembly 400. After the lower housing 340 is fitted over the handle assembly 400, the medical personnel rotate the upper housing 330 to connect it with the lower housing 340. The connection between the upper cover 330 and the lower cover 340 can be a snap-fit ​​connection or other connections, such as a bolt connection, and is not limited here. This embodiment adopts a snap-fit ​​connection, where snap-fit ​​means that the upper cover 330 is rotated until it fits against the lower cover 340, and the upper cover 330 and the lower cover 340 are locked together by a snap-fit ​​structure, thereby achieving a seal between the cover assembly 300 and the handle assembly 400. The mating surface 310 is provided on the upper cover 330. During the process of the upper cover 330 rotating to connect to the lower cover 340, the coupling 320 rotates with the upper cover 300, which may interfere with the drive shaft 410, causing the upper cover 330 to be unable to continue rotating and the coupling 320 to be unable to connect with the drive shaft 410.

[0059] To solve this problem, in this embodiment, as follows: Figure 4 to Figure 9As shown, the coupling 320 includes a coupling body 3200 and a spring element 323. The coupling body 3200 includes a first part 321 and a second part 322 connected to each other. The first part 321 is detachably connected to the transmission shaft 210, and the second part 322 is detachably connected to the drive shaft 410. The coupling body 3200 is disposed on the upper cover 330 and can move relative to the upper cover 330 in the axial direction, so that the coupling body 3200 has a pop-out state and a retracted state relative to the cover assembly 300. When the coupling body 3200 is in the pop-out state, it is away from the lower cover 340. One end of the elastic element 323 is connected to the upper cover 330, specifically to the outer surface of the upper cover 330, i.e., the first mating surface 310, and the other end is connected to the coupling body 3200. The elastic element 323 keeps the coupling body 3200 in the popped-out state. When the surgical instrument switches from the separated state to the connected state, the coupling body 3200 is in the popped-out state, which separates the second part 322 from the drive shaft 410. After the surgical instrument is in the connected state, the coupling body 3200 is still in the popped-out state, coaxial with the drive shaft 410 and located above the drive shaft 410. When the front end assembly 200 is installed onto the housing assembly 300, the front end assembly 200 and the drive shaft 210 move toward the mating surface 310 along the axial direction of the coupling 320, so that the drive shaft 210 connects with the first part 321 and drives the first part 321 to move along the axial direction, thereby causing the coupling body 3200 to switch to the retracted state. During the process of the coupling body 3200 switching from the pop-up state to the retracted state, the coupling body 3200 can connect to the drive shaft 410 through the second part 322. By movably arranging the coupling body 3200 relative to the housing assembly 300 and by setting the elastic element 323, the coupling body 3200 is in a pop-out state during the rotation of the upper housing 330 and after the upper housing 330 is rotated and connected to the lower housing 340. In the pop-out state, the portion of the coupling body 3200 extending into the lower side of the outer surface 310 is shorter, and the coupling body 3200 is always separated from the drive shaft 410. This avoids interference between the coupling body 3200 and the drive shaft 410 during rotation and prevents the upper housing 330 from being unable to rotate to fit with the lower housing 3470.

[0060] The coupling body 3200 extends through the mating surface 310, with one part located on the upper side of the mating surface 310 and the other part located on the lower side of the mating surface 310. In the retracted state, the length of the portion of the coupling body 3200 located on the upper side of the mating surface 310 is approximately the same as the length of the portion located on the lower side of the mating surface 310. In the extended state, the length of the portion of the coupling body 3200 located on the upper side of the mating surface 310 is greater than the length of the portion located on the lower side of the mating surface 310, while the portion located on the lower side of the mating surface 310 is shorter. During the rotation of the upper cover 330 and after connecting to the lower cover 340, this avoids interference between the drive shaft 410 and the coupling body 3200.

[0061] Specifically, the elastic element 323 is connected between the coupling body 3200 and the mating surface 310. The coupling body 3200 can move axially relative to the mating surface 310, and the elastic force generated by the elastic element 323 also acts on the coupling body 3200 in the axial direction. Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the middle, the coupling body 3200 is in the retracted state, and the distance by which the coupling body 3200 protrudes beyond the mating surface 310 is the first distance; when the surgical instrument is in the connected state, the coupling 320 is connected to the drive shaft 410 through the second part 322; as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the coupling body 3200 is in the pop-out state. The distance by which the coupling body 3200 protrudes beyond the mating surface 310 is the second distance, which is less than the first distance. When the surgical instrument is in the connected state, the coupling body 3200 is separated from the drive shaft 410. The elastic element 323 can keep the coupling body 3200 in the pop-out state. When the coupling body 3200 is in the retracted state, the elastic element 323 is compressed and stores energy. During the process of switching the coupling body 3200 from the pop-out state to the retracted state, the coupling body 3200 approaches and connects to the drive shaft 410 along the axial direction.

[0062] The upper cover 330 includes a through-hole bushing 312, such that the inner hole of the bushing 312 is a through-hole penetrating the upper cover 330. Specifically, as shown... Figure 7 As shown, the mating surface 310 includes a surface body 311 and a bushing 312 disposed on the surface body 311. The coupling 320 is movably fitted inside the bushing 312, which is used to stabilize the shaft of the coupling 320. The upper end face of the coupling body 3200 extends outward to form a flange 3201. One end of the elastic member 323 is connected to the flange 3201, and the other end is connected to the surface body 311 or the upper end face of the bushing 312. The elastic force provided by the elastic member 323 causes the coupling body 3200 and the mating surface 310 to move away from each other. In one embodiment, the elastic member 323 is a compression spring, and the inner diameter of the compression spring is larger than the outer diameter of the coupling body 3200. The compression spring is fitted outside the coupling body 3200 and connected between the flange 3201 and the upper end face of the bushing 312. After the front end assembly 200 is installed onto the housing assembly 300, the front end assembly 200 presses against the coupling body 3200 to a retracted state via the drive shaft 210 and is connected to the drive shaft 410. The elastic element 323 is in a compressed state. When the surgical instrument is in operation, the drive shaft 410 drives the coupling body 3200 to rotate, while the elastic element 323 and the bushing 312 do not rotate. The elastic element 323 rubs against the flange 3201 of the coupling body 3200.

[0063] In one embodiment, the coupling body 3200 is provided with a sealing ring 3202. One side of the sealing ring 3202 is fitted against the coupling body 3200, and the other side is fitted against the inner ring of the bushing 312, sealing the coupling body 3200 and the bushing 312. When the coupling body 3200 switches between the pop-out state and the retracted state, the sealing ring 3202 is always fitted against the coupling body 3200 and the bushing 312, sealing the coupling body 3200 and the bushing 312. Since the coupling body 3200 and the bushing 312 are slidable, they have a certain gap. This gap may cause the antibacterial effect of the cover assembly 300 to fail. The sealing ring 3202 can prevent bacteria from the handle assembly 400 from being transmitted to the front end assembly 200 through the gap, ensuring the antibacterial effect of the cover assembly 300.

[0064] In another embodiment, the sealing ring 3202 is disposed in the inner ring of the bushing 312, specifically embedded in the bushing 312. The sealing ring 3202 fits against the coupling body 3200 and the bushing 312, sealing the coupling 3200 and the bushing 312. When the coupling body 3200 moves relative to the bushing 312, the sealing ring 3202 remains fixed in the bushing 312 and does not move with the coupling body 3200. The seal between the coupling 3200 and the bushing 312 is maintained throughout the movement of the coupling body 3200 relative to the bushing 312.

[0065] When installing surgical instruments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, firstly, the handle assembly 400 is installed into the lower housing 340, and the upper housing 330 is rotatably connected to the lower housing 340; secondly, the front end assembly 200 is installed into the housing assembly 300. During the process of the upper housing 330 being rotatably connected to the lower housing 340, the coupling body 3200 remains in the pop-out state and does not contact the drive shaft 410. Therefore, when the surgical instrument switches from the separated state to the connected state, the coupling body 3200 and the drive shaft 410 will not interfere with each other, preventing the upper housing 330 from being unable to continue rotating. After the upper housing 330 is rotatably connected to the lower housing 340, the coupling 320 coincides with the axis of the drive shaft 410 and is located above the drive shaft 410, in a separated state. This allows the second part 322 of the coupling 320 to be subsequently connected to the drive shaft 410 along the axial direction, ensuring the stability of the connection between the coupling 320 and the drive shaft 410.

[0066] During the process of installing the front-end component 200 to the shell component 300, such as Figure 5 to Figure 9As shown, the front-end assembly 200 and the drive shaft 210 move downwards from above the housing assembly 300. The front-end assembly 200 engages with the guide groove 360 ​​of the housing assembly 300 via its mating block 230. During installation, the engagement of the mating block 230 and the guide groove 360 ​​causes the drive shaft 210 to approximately coincide with the axis of the first part 321 of the coupling body 3200. The front-end assembly 200 and the drive shaft 210 move toward the mating surface 310 of the housing assembly 300. After the drive shaft 210 contacts the first part 321 of the coupling 320, the first part 321 and the drive shaft 210 rotate relative to each other and are in a second mating state before being connected.

[0067] Combination Figure 10 and Figure 11The first part 321 is provided with a guide portion. In one embodiment, the guide portion includes a unidirectional second guide ramp 3213. The drive shaft 210 cooperates with the second guide ramp 3213 to rotate relative to the first part 321. The drive shaft 210 is provided with a plurality of second mating portions 2100, and the first part 321 is provided with a plurality of second docking portions 3211. A second docking space 3212 is formed between two adjacent second docking portions 3211. The process in which the drive shaft 210 and the first part 321 rotate relative to each other and are in the second docking state is the process of alignment. Alignment means that each second mating portion 2100 of the drive shaft 210 corresponds one-to-one with each second docking space 3212 of the first part 321. The second mating portions 2100 can be inserted into the second docking spaces 3212 to connect the drive shaft 210 and the first part 321. During the relative rotation of the drive shaft 210 and the first part 321, the second guide slope 3213 engages with the second mating part 2100 of the drive shaft 210. The second guide slope 3213 has a high side and a low side, moving away from the high side from the low side along a first direction, or moving away from the high side from the low side along a second direction. The first direction is opposite to the second direction. Since the coupling body 3200 is separated from the drive shaft 410, and the transmission shaft 210 is connected to the transmission mechanism 220, the movement resistance of the transmission shaft 210 is greater than that of the coupling body 3200. Therefore, when the second guide slope 3213 engages with the second mating part 2100, the transmission shaft 210 is in a stopped rotation state, and the coupling body 3200 rotates along the first direction or the second direction, thereby causing the first part 321 to rotate to the second mating state. In the second mating state, the transmission shaft 210 is aligned with the first part 321, and each second mating part 2100 can move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 210 and insert into each second mating space 3212, completing the connection between the first part 321 and the transmission shaft 210. In this embodiment, each second mating portion 2100 is a protrusion formed on the periphery of the drive shaft 210. The second mating portion 2100 includes a peak and curved surfaces on both sides of the peak. The curved surfaces between adjacent peaks together form a recess. The second mating portion 2100 is generally strip-shaped and extends along the axial direction of the drive shaft 210. Pressing the drive shaft 210 downwards, the bottom surface of the peak abuts against the second guide slope 3213, causing the first portion 321 to rotate in either the first or second direction until the first portion 321 is in the second mating state. When the drive shaft 210 is in the second mating state, each protrusion aligns with each second mating space 3212, the bottom surface of the peak disengages from the second guide slope 3213, and the first portion 321 no longer rotates. The front end assembly 200 and the drive shaft 210 continue to move downwards, inserting into each of the second docking spaces 3212 through each protrusion. After the protrusion is inserted into the second docking space 3212, it is located between the two second mating parts 2100. The protrusion abuts against the two second mating parts 2100 through two curved surfaces, thereby realizing the connection between the drive shaft 210 and the first part 321.At this time, the lower end face of the front-end component 200 is in contact with the mating surface 310 of the cover component 300.

[0068] In one embodiment, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the shape of the space formed within the first part 321 matches the shape of the outer circumference of the drive shaft 210, so that the first part 321 and the drive shaft 210 can rotate synchronously. Specifically, the cross-section of the space within the first part 321 and the cross-section of the drive shaft 210 are both hexagonal. The inner ring of the first part 321 protrudes to form six sidewalls, forming a hexagonal structure. The bottom shape of the drive shaft 210 is also hexagonal, which can be embedded into the hexagonal structure to complete the fit, allowing the drive shaft 210 to rotate synchronously with the first part 321. Of course, the shape of the space formed within the first part 321 and the outer circumference of the drive shaft 210 can also be other. This embodiment only uses a hexagonal shape as an example and does not impose specific limitations.

[0069] During the connection between the first part 321 and the drive shaft 210, the first part 321 rotates while the drive shaft 210 remains stationary. The rotation direction of the first part 321 can be clockwise or counterclockwise. The guide section includes: second guide slopes 3213 inclined in two directions at the top of each side wall of the hexagonal structure, namely a first side slope and a second side slope. Both the first and second side slopes have a high side and a low side. The low side of the first side slope is away from the high side of the first side slope along a first direction, and the low side of the second side slope is away from the high side of the second side slope along a second direction. One end of the first side slope is connected to one end of the second side slope, and the first and second directions are opposite. The two second guide slopes 3213 on each guide section are arranged in a "V" shape, which can convert the pressure of the drive shaft 210 into rotation of the first part 321 along the first or second direction. The bottom of the drive shaft 210 has a mating protrusion 214 formed along the axial direction, and mating inclined surfaces 2141 are formed on both sides of the mating protrusion 214. When the drive shaft 210 mates with the guide portion of the first part 321, the mating protrusion 214 mates with a second guide inclined surface 3213 in the guide portion. The mating protrusion 214 abuts against the corresponding second guide inclined surface 3213 through a mating inclined surface 2141 on it. The pressure of the drive shaft 210 causes the drive shaft 210 and the first part 321 to rotate relative to each other in the direction of the inclined surface where the mating inclined surface 2141 and the second guide inclined surface 3213 are in contact, thereby completing the alignment of the drive shaft 210 and the first part 321.

[0070] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, after the first part 321 is connected to the drive shaft 210, there is still a certain distance between the front end assembly 200 and the mating surface 310. (Combined) Figure 6 to Figure 9The drive shaft 210 includes a protrusion 2102 and a limiting part 2101. The protrusion 2102 is located outside the front end assembly 200. When the drive shaft 210 is connected to the first part 321, it engages with the first part 321 through the protrusion 2102. The limiting part 2101 is provided on the protrusion 2102 and extends radially along the protrusion 2102. After the drive shaft 210 engages with the first part 321, the limiting part 2101 abuts against the upper end face of the first part 321. When the front end assembly 200 continues to descend for installation, the limiting part 2101 of the drive shaft 210 pushes the connecting part... The coupling 320 descends, causing it to switch from an extended state to a retracted state. During the retracted state, the coupling 320 contacts the drive shaft 410 and rotates relative to the drive shaft 410 to a first mating state. In the first mating state, the second part 322 aligns with the drive shaft 410. When the second part 322 is aligned with the drive shaft 410, the coupling 320 can continue to descend, compressing the elastic element 323. After the drive shaft 410 is embedded in the second part 322, the coupling 320 is in the retracted state, and the drive shaft 410 is connected to the second part 322.

[0071] It is worth noting that coupling 320 is connected to transmission shaft 210 and transmission structure 220, while drive shaft 410 is connected to drive structure 420. Drive structure 420 has driving components such as a motor. The rotational resistance experienced by drive shaft 410 is greater than the rotational resistance experienced by coupling 320. When coupling 320 and drive shaft 410 rotate relative to each other to align, drive shaft 410 is in a stopped rotation state, while coupling 320 and its connected transmission shaft 210 rotate. During the alignment process of the second part 322 with drive shaft 410, coupling 320 and transmission shaft 210 rotate in the first direction. Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the second part 322 has multiple docking portions 3226, and adjacent docking portions 3226 form a docking space 3227. Each docking portion 3226 has a guide slope 3225, and the drive shaft 410 has a mating portion 4100. When the drive shaft 410 contacts the second part 322, it rotates through the mating portion 4100 and the guide slope 3225. The structure of the mating portion 4100 is the same as the structure of the second mating portion 2100 of the transmission shaft 210. The guide slope 3225 has a high side and a low side. The high side is located closer to the first part 321, and the low side is located closer to the second part 322. The low side is away from the high side along a first direction. When the mating portion 4100 contacts the guide slope 3225, the coupling body 3200 moves along the inclined direction of the guide slope 3225, driving the coupling 320 and the transmission shaft 210 to rotate along the first direction.

[0072] When the coupling body 3200 rotates in the first direction to align with the drive shaft 410, the mating space 3227 aligns with the mating part 4100. As the front end assembly 200 continues to move downward until its bottom surface fits against the mating surface 310 of the housing assembly 300, the mating part 4100 is inserted into the mating space 3227, and the drive shaft 410 is inserted into the second part 322, completing the connection between the drive shaft 410 and the second part 322. Thus, during the process of installing the front end assembly 200 into the housing assembly 300, the coupling 320 sequentially connects with the transmission shaft 210, switches from an extended state to a retracted state, and connects with the drive shaft 410, thereby realizing the transmission connection between the transmission shaft 210 and the drive shaft 410.

[0073] During the alignment of the second part 322 with the drive shaft 410, the coupling 320 and the drive shaft 210 rotate in the first direction to prevent the installation of the front-end assembly 200 from being interrupted if the drive shaft 210 rotates in the second direction. The reason is as follows:

[0074] After the surgery, medical staff use the handle assembly 400 to open the jaws 100, then remove the staple cartridge, and disassemble the front end assembly 200 and the housing assembly 300 for sterilization. During the assembly of the front end assembly 200 and the housing assembly 300, the front jaws 100 are in the open position to facilitate subsequent installation of the staple cartridge. Surgical instruments have a first state and a second state. In the first state, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing assembly 300 is mounted on the handle assembly 400, and the front end assembly 200 is separated from the housing assembly 300; in the second state, the front end assembly 200 is mounted on the housing assembly 300, and the drive shaft 410 is connected to the transmission shaft 210 through the coupling 320, so that the handle assembly 400 can drive the jaws 100 to open or close. When the jaws 100 switch from the open state to the closed state, the drive structure 420 drives the drive shaft 410 to rotate in the first direction. The drive shaft 410 drives the transmission shaft 210 to rotate in the first direction through the coupling 320, and then drives the jaws 100 to move in the closing direction through the transmission structure 220 until the jaws 100 are closed. When the jaws 100 switch from the closed state to the open state, the drive structure 420 drives the drive shaft 410 to rotate in the second direction, which is opposite to the first direction. The drive shaft 410 drives the transmission shaft 210 to rotate in the second direction through the coupling 320, and then drives the jaws 100 to move in the opening direction through the transmission structure 220 until the jaws 100 are in the maximum open position.

[0075] The transmission structure 200 also includes a limiting block (not shown in the figure). When the transmission shaft 210 rotates in the second direction, it drives the sliding block 2213 to move away from the jaws 100. The sliding block 2213 drives the sleeve 110 to move, causing the jaws 100 to move in the opening direction. When the sliding block 2213 moves to abut against the limiting block, it can no longer move away from the jaws 100, and the jaws 100 are at their maximum opening position. When the jaws 100 are at their maximum opening position, because the sliding block 2213 is abutted by the limiting block, it cannot continue to move away from the jaws 100. When the transmission shaft 210 has a tendency to move in the second direction, it will cause the transmission mechanism 220 to jam, preventing the transmission shaft 210 from rotating. Therefore, when installing the front end assembly 200 on the housing assembly 300, if the transmission shaft 210 rotates in the second direction when it is engaged with the coupling 320, the transmission shaft 210 will jam, and the installation will be unable to continue.

[0076] Therefore, when the front end assembly 200 is installed with the housing assembly 300, the jaws 100 are in the most open position. At this time, the drive shaft 210 is in its limit position in the second direction and cannot continue to rotate in the second direction. The process of installing the front end assembly 200 into the housing assembly 300 is the process of switching the surgical instrument from the first state to the second state. During this process, the front end assembly 200 moves downward along the axial direction of the drive shaft 210 until the bottom surface of the front end assembly 200 is in contact with the mating surface 310 of the housing assembly 300. When the drive shaft 210 is connected to the coupling 320, the drive shaft 210 and the coupling 320 rotate relative to each other, so that the drive shaft 210 and the coupling 320 are aligned and connected. Alignment refers to a positional state in which the drive shaft 210 and the coupling 320 are relative. In the aligned state, the drive shaft 210 can be inserted into the coupling 320 and connected to the coupling 320. During the process of switching the drive shaft 210 and coupling 320 to the alignment state, the drive shaft 210 rotates to align with the coupling 320. If the drive shaft 210 needs to rotate in the second direction to align with the coupling 320, the installation cannot continue when the jaws 100 are in the maximum open position, and the assembly of the surgical instrument cannot be completed. Therefore, when the surgical instrument switches from the first state to the second state, the drive shaft 210 can only rotate in the first direction or be in a stopped state. The drive shaft 210 can only align with the coupling 320 by rotating in the first direction or being in a stopped state. When the drive shaft 210 rotates in the first direction, the coupling 320 is in a stopped state; when the drive shaft 210 is in a stopped state, the coupling 320 rotates to align with the drive shaft 210. This ensures that the drive shaft 210 does not rotate in the second direction during the alignment process with the coupling 320, avoiding the situation where the drive shaft 210 gets stuck and the installation cannot proceed.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the drive shaft 210 is connected to the first part 321, the drive shaft 210 is in a stopped state, and the first part 321 rotates to engage with the drive shaft 210. During this process, the drive shaft 210 will not get stuck. Simultaneously, since the coupling body 3200 is separated from the drive shaft 410, the drive shaft 410 will not affect the rotation of the coupling body 3200 and the first part 321. When the drive shaft 410 is connected to the second part 322, the guide slope 3225 of the second part 322 is inclined. When the guide slope 3225 engages with the mating part 4100 of the drive shaft 410, the coupling body 3200 and the drive shaft 210 rotate along the first direction, aligning with the drive shaft 410 before connecting. During this process, the drive shaft 210 rotates along the first direction, preventing it from getting stuck. During the installation of the front-end component 200 onto the housing component 300, the drive shaft 210 is first stopped rotating, and then rotates in the first direction, thus avoiding the situation where the drive shaft 210 gets stuck and the installation cannot be carried out.

[0078] When disassembling the front-end assembly 200, the front-end assembly 200 moves upward and separates from the mating surface 310 of the housing assembly 300. During this movement, the front-end assembly 200 remains in contact with the guide groove 360 ​​of the housing assembly 300 via the mating block 230, maintaining stability as it moves away from the direction of movement. As the front-end assembly 200 rises along the axial direction, the position of the drive shaft 210 rises, and the pressure position of the coupling 320 rises. Under the action of the elastic element 323, the coupling 320 also moves upward, switching from a retracted state to a pop-out state, and the drive shaft 410 gradually disengages from the second part 322. Once the coupling 320 reaches the pop-out state, the drive shaft 410 disengages from the second part 322, while the drive shaft 210 remains connected to the first part 321. As the front-end assembly 200 continues to move upward, the drive shaft 210 gradually disengages from the first part 321. After the drive shaft 210 is completely disengaged from the first part 321, the front-end assembly 200 still engages with the guide groove 360 ​​of the housing assembly 300 through the mating block 230. The process of separating the front-end assembly 200 from the coupling 320 always moves along the axis of the drive shaft 210 until the mating block 230 disengages from the guide groove 360 ​​of the housing assembly 300, and the front-end assembly 200 is removed.

[0079] In this embodiment, during the transition from a disengaged to a connected state, the coupling body 3200 remains in an extended position, ensuring it is always separated from the drive shaft 410 and preventing interference. This guarantees a smooth connection between the upper cover 330 and the lower cover 340. In the connected state, the coupling body 3200 is separated from the drive shaft with their axes aligned. During subsequent installation of the front-end assembly, the coupling body 3200 is pressed to move along the axial direction and engage with the drive shaft. This engagement ensures proper installation of the coupling body 3200 and the drive shaft 410, preventing unstable connections. During engagement with the drive shaft, the coupling body and the drive shaft rotate in the first direction, preventing the drive shaft from becoming jammed and hindering installation of the front-end assembly.

[0080] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0081] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, characterized in that, include: Front-end components, including the drive shaft; Handle assembly, including drive shaft; A housing assembly is detachably mounted to the handle assembly to enclose the handle assembly; the housing assembly includes an upper housing and a lower housing, the upper housing and the lower housing being rotatably connected. The housing assembly further includes a coupling, which comprises a coupling body and a spring element. The coupling body includes a first part and a second part connected to each other. The first part is detachably connected to the transmission shaft, and the second part is detachably connected to the drive shaft. The coupling body is disposed on the upper housing and is movable relative to the upper housing in the axial direction, allowing the coupling body to have an extended state and a retracted state relative to the upper housing. One end of the spring element is connected to the upper housing, and the other end is connected to the coupling body. The spring element keeps the coupling body in the extended state. The surgical instrument has a detached state and a connected state. In the detached state, the handle assembly is partially housed in the lower housing, and the upper housing is not connected to the lower housing. In the connected state, the upper housing is connected to the lower housing, and the handle assembly is housed within the housing assembly, such that the housing assembly closes the handle assembly. When the surgical instrument switches from the separated state to the connected state, the coupling body is in the pop-out state, causing the second part to separate from the drive shaft. After the surgical instrument is in the connected state, the front end assembly is installed on the housing assembly, causing the drive shaft to connect with the first part and drive the first part to move along the axial direction, thereby causing the coupling body to switch to the retracted state. During the process of the coupling body switching from the pop-out state to the retracted state, the coupling body is connected to the drive shaft through the second part.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling body includes a flange, which is located at the end of the first part away from the second part; the upper cover includes a through bushing, and the coupling body is movably fitted inside the bushing; one end of the elastic member is connected to the bushing, and the other end is connected to the flange.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper cover includes a through bushing, and the coupling body is movably fitted inside the bushing; one of the coupling body and the bushing is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring fits against the other of the coupling body and the bushing.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second part is provided with a guide ramp, and the drive shaft is provided with a mating part. During the process of the coupling body switching from the pop-out state to the retracted state, the guide ramp and the mating part cooperate to make the second part rotate to the first docking state, and the drive shaft is in the stopped rotation state; in the first docking state, the drive shaft can be connected to the second part.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner ring of the second part is provided with multiple mating parts, and a mating space is formed between adjacent mating parts. The guide slope is provided on the mating part. In the first mating state, each mating part is aligned with each mating space. In response to the front end component being installed on the cover component, the drive shaft drives the coupling body to move downward, thereby causing each mating part to be inserted into each mating space, so that the drive shaft is connected to the second part.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surgical instrument further includes jaws, and the front end assembly further includes a transmission structure connected to the drive shaft. The transmission structure is drivably connected to the jaws, and the drive shaft drives the jaws to open or close via the transmission structure. When the drive shaft rotates in a first direction, it drives the jaws to close via the transmission structure. The guide slope engages with the mating part, causing the coupling body and the drive shaft to rotate along the first direction.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide ramp has a high side and a low side, the low side being away from the high side along the first direction.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, In response to the front end assembly being mounted to the housing assembly along the axial direction, the drive shaft is connected to the first portion along the axial direction and drives the coupling body to move along the axial direction.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, One of the front-end component and the cover component is provided with a sliding groove, and the other is provided with a slider. The sliding groove and the slider are slidably engaged, so that the front-end component is installed onto the cover component along the axial direction.

10. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first part is provided with a second guide slope, and the drive shaft is provided with a second mating part. The second guide slope and the second mating part are mated to make the first part rotate to a second docking state, and the drive shaft is in a stopped rotation state. In the second docking state, the drive shaft can be connected to the first part.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second guide slope includes: a first side slope and a second side slope, both the first side slope and the second side slope have a high side and a low side, the low side of the first side slope is away from the high side of the first side slope along a first direction, the low side of the second side slope is away from the high side of the second side slope along a second direction, one end of the first side slope is connected to one end of the second side slope, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite.

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