An apparatus and method for absorbing dust and toxic gases in an open pit mine

Abstract

The application discloses a device and method for absorbing dust and toxic gas in an open pit, which comprises a base plate, a first box and a second box on the base plate; the first box and the second box are communicated through an air inlet pipeline; a gas reaction chamber and a tail gas discharge port are arranged in the first box, and an air inlet / dust assembly is arranged on the top of the second box, and a vacuum pump and a power supply box are arranged in the second box; a plurality of filter screens are arranged in the air inlet / dust assembly, and the filter screens are connected with the air inlet / dust pipeline at the tail end; the air inlet / dust pipeline is connected with the vacuum pump; and the power supply box is used for providing power supply for the device. The dust in the mine is sucked and filtered, and then the toxic gas is absorbed and treated, so that the dust pollution formed after the blasting operation in the open pit can be solved, and the toxic gas can be effectively converted and decomposed, thereby achieving the purpose of purification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a device and method for controlling dust and toxic gases in mines, belonging to the field of open-pit mine environmental management, and specifically to a device and method for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines. Background Technology

[0002] Open-pit mining processes such as drilling, blasting, loading, transportation, and spoil disposal all generate dust, with the vast majority originating from blasting operations at the working face. The high-temperature, high-pressure gases generated during bench blasting in open-pit mines crush the rock mass, resulting in high concentrations of dust in a short period. The discharge of these high-pressure gases can cause dust columns to reach heights of tens of meters. According to data, each blast of 1 meter... 3 The blasting of ore generates approximately 0.027–0.170 kg of dust, which poses a significant threat to the mine environment and the safety of workers. Dust can also damage machinery and equipment, causing adverse events and impacting production and the company's economic benefits. Furthermore, blasting operations also produce toxic gases such as CO and NO2. While mines typically reduce dust through ventilation or water spraying, these methods are not ideal and fail to simultaneously treat and release toxic gases like CO and NO2, resulting in environmental pollution and threatening the health of workers.

[0003] Both dust and toxic gases generated during blasting operations in open-pit mines must be effectively controlled to ensure safe production. In this context, a method and apparatus for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines are proposed, aiming to rationally prevent dust and absorb toxic gases, which is of great significance for ensuring safe and efficient operation in open-pit mines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide an apparatus and method for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines. By absorbing and filtering mine dust, followed by CO and NO2 absorption treatment, the dust pollution generated after blasting operations in the mine can be resolved. At the same time, it can also effectively convert and decompose toxic gases to achieve purification and ensure the safety of mining operations. This equipment and method can also be further extended to similar engineering fields.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines is characterized by comprising a chassis, a first housing and a second housing located on the chassis; the first housing and the second housing are connected by an air intake pipe; the first housing is provided with a gas reaction chamber and an exhaust port; the top of the second housing is provided with an air intake / dust assembly, which contains an air intake / dust pipe, a vacuum pump, and a power supply box; the air intake / dust assembly is provided with multiple layers of filters and its ends are connected to the air intake / dust pipe, the air intake / dust pipe is connected to the vacuum pump, and the power supply box is used to provide power to the equipment.

[0006] Furthermore, the front end of the chassis is hinged to a rotatable traction rod; the end of the rotatable traction rod is provided with a hook; and the lower part of the chassis is provided with four omnidirectional casters.

[0007] Furthermore, the omnidirectional swivel wheel is equipped with a spring-loaded shock-absorbing shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the gas reaction chamber consists of an NO2 reaction chamber and a CO reaction chamber. A first exhaust pipe is provided between the NO2 reaction chamber and the CO reaction chamber, and a second exhaust pipe is provided between the CO reaction chamber and the exhaust port of the first housing. The NO2 reaction chamber is filled with Na2CO3 solution, and an injection port is provided at the top of the reaction chamber. An iron rod is provided in the CO reaction chamber. The iron rod is a magnetic nano iron rod, commonly known as magnetite, and its main component is Fe3O4. An iron rod heating device is provided on the iron rod, and the end of the iron rod is threaded.

[0009] Furthermore, the CO reaction chamber is located above the NO2 reaction chamber. The opening and closing of the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe are controlled by the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve, respectively. NO2 gas concentration detector and CO gas concentration detector are respectively installed on the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe. The NO2 gas concentration detector is linked to the first solenoid valve, and the CO gas concentration detector is linked to the second solenoid valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the NO2 gas concentration detector and the CO gas concentration detector are simultaneously linked with the alarm for control.

[0011] Furthermore, the air intake / dust assembly consists of an air intake / dust head, a first filter, rotating blades, a bellows, an air intake pipe, and a second filter. The first filter and rotating blades are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside inside the air intake / dust head. The bottom of the air intake / dust head is rotatable. A bellows is connected to the tail of the air intake / dust head. The end of the bellows is connected to the air intake / dust pipe. A second filter is provided in front of the air intake / dust pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a third filter screen is installed in the air inlet pipe before entering the gas reaction chamber. The first, second, and third filters are all made of polyethylene material, and the corrugated pipe is made of stainless steel.

[0013] Furthermore, the air intake / dust head is horn-shaped, and the bottom of the air intake / dust head is connected to the driven shaft. The second housing contains a motor and a rotating shaft, and the driven shaft is connected to the top of the rotating shaft. The driven shaft and the rotating shaft are driven by the motor.

[0014] Another technical solution of the present invention is: A method for absorbing dust and toxic gases in an open-pit mine, using the above-mentioned device, includes the following steps: starting a vacuum pump and a motor, drawing dust and toxic gases into a second chamber through an air intake / dust assembly, and retaining the dust in the second chamber after being filtered by filters of different mesh densities. The toxic gas after dust filtration enters the gas reaction chamber through the inlet pipe. The gas reacted in the gas reaction chamber is absorbed and treated, and finally the qualified gas is discharged through the exhaust port through the first exhaust pipe.

[0015] The present invention relates to a device and method for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines. A vacuum pump draws dust and toxic gases from the open-pit mine into a second chamber. The dust is absorbed through multiple layers of filters, while the toxic gases enter the CO and NO2 gas reaction chamber within the first chamber. A gas concentration detector ensures that the toxic gases fully react in the reaction chamber and are completely converted into non-toxic substances, thereby achieving purification and ensuring the safety of mining operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 : This is a schematic diagram of the device structure for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the iron rod assembly in the device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the CO reaction chamber in the device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the universal rotating wheel assembly in the device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Universal swivel wheel; 2. Chassis; 3. Motor; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Second chamber; 6. Driven shaft; 7. Power supply box; 8. First filter screen; 9. Rotating blade; 10. Inlet / dust assembly; 11. Bellows; 12. CO gas concentration detector; 13. Second exhaust pipe; 14. Heating rod base; 15. First chamber; 16. Iron rod; 17. CO reaction chamber; 18. NO2 gas concentration detector; 19. First exhaust pipe; 20. Rotatable traction rod; 21. Traction rod base; 22. Spring damping shaft; 23. CO reaction chamber support; 24. NO2 reaction chamber; 25. Inlet pipe; 26. Third filter screen; 27. Vacuum pump; 28. Second filter screen; 29. ​​Inlet / dust pipe; 30. CO reaction chamber base; 31. Heating wire; 32. Heating rod. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, content, and advantages of this invention clearer, the specific embodiments of this invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-4 , To effectively prevent and control dust and toxic gases generated in open-pit mines and ensure safe and efficient operation, the following is a specific embodiment of the present invention: A device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines includes a chassis 2, a first housing 15 and a second housing 5 located on the chassis 2, with an air inlet pipe 25 running through the first housing 15 and the second housing 5. An air inlet / dust assembly 10 is installed on the top of the second housing 5. A gas reaction chamber and a tail gas emission port are installed inside the first housing 15. The air inlet / dust assembly 10 is equipped with multiple layers of filter screens and its end is connected to the air inlet / dust assembly 29, which is connected to a vacuum pump 27. The second housing contains a motor 3, a power supply box 7, a vacuum pump 27, and a rotating shaft 4. Power is supplied to the vacuum pump 27, the motor 3, the heating rod base 14, the CO gas concentration detector 12, and the NO2 gas concentration detector 18 through the power supply box 7.

[0019] The front end of the chassis 2 is hinged to the rotatable traction rod 20 through the traction rod base 21; it can rotate within different angle ranges to ensure flexible movement of the device; the end of the rotatable traction rod 20 is provided with a hook to cope with being pulled by other equipment when moving long distances, so as to improve the walking efficiency; the lower part of the chassis 2 is provided with four universal rotating wheels 1, which can realize the free movement and turning of the entire device.

[0020] like Figure 4 As shown, the universal swivel wheel 1 at the bottom of the chassis 2 is equipped with a spring damping shaft 22 to reduce the vibration of the device and improve the overall stability when driving in adverse mining conditions.

[0021] The gas reaction chamber consists of an NO2 reaction chamber 24 and a CO reaction chamber 17. A first exhaust pipe 19 is provided between the NO2 reaction chamber 24 and the CO reaction chamber 17. The NO2 reaction chamber is filled with Na2CO3 solution, and an injection port is provided at the top of the reaction chamber for easy solution replacement. Filtered gas enters the NO2 reaction chamber 24, where NO2, which is denser than air, reacts chemically with Na2CO3 to produce non-toxic substances. The CO reaction chamber 17 contains an iron rod 16 and an iron rod heating device. The iron rod heating device consists of a heating rod 32, a heating rod base 14, and a heating wire 31. The heating rod 32 is located inside the iron rod and is fixed to the top of the CO reaction chamber 17 by the heating rod base 14. The heating rod 16 is heated by powering the heating rod 32 via the heating wire 31. The iron rod 16 is a magnetic nano-iron rod, commonly known as magnetite, with Fe3O4 as its main component. The iron rod 16 has threads at its end for easy disassembly and replacement. The filtered gas enters the CO reaction chamber 17. CO, which is less dense than air, enters the CO reaction chamber 17 and reacts chemically with the heated iron rod 16 to produce non-toxic substances.

[0022] Furthermore, the CO reaction chamber 17 is located above the NO2 reaction chamber 24. The CO reaction chamber 17 is mounted on the CO reaction chamber base 30, which is supported by the CO reaction chamber bracket 23 and erected on top of the NO2 reaction chamber 24. A first exhaust pipe 19 is provided between the NO2 reaction chamber 24 and the CO reaction chamber 17, and a second exhaust pipe 13 is provided between the CO reaction chamber 17 and the exhaust port of the first housing. The opening and closing of the first exhaust pipe 19 and the second exhaust pipe 13 are controlled by the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve, respectively. An NO2 gas concentration detector 18 and a CO gas concentration detector 12 are respectively installed on the first exhaust pipe 19 and the second exhaust pipe 13. The NO2 gas concentration detector 18 is linked to the first solenoid valve, and the CO gas concentration detector 12 is linked to the second solenoid valve.

[0023] Furthermore, both the NO2 gas concentration detector 18 and the CO gas concentration detector 12 are linked to the alarm for control. When the NO2 concentration reaches the standard, the gas in the NO2 reaction chamber 24 can enter the CO reaction chamber. Similarly, when the CO gas concentration detector 12 detects that the CO concentration reaches the standard, the exhaust gas can be discharged. When the detection result of the gas concentration detector reaches the threshold, the alarm will be triggered to remind the user to replace the Na2CO3 solution and the iron rod in time.

[0024] Furthermore, the air intake / dust assembly 10 consists of a trumpet-shaped air intake / dust head, a first filter 8, rotating blades 9, and a bellows 11. The first filter 8 and rotating blades 9 are sequentially arranged inside the air intake / dust head from the outside to the inside. The bellows 11 is connected to the tail of the air intake / dust head, and the end of the bellows 11 is connected to the air intake / dust pipeline 29. A second filter 28 is provided at the front end of the air intake / dust pipeline 29. The bottom of the air intake / dust head is connected to a driven shaft 6, which is connected to a rotating shaft 4 located in the second housing. The motor 3 drives the rotating shaft 4, thereby driving the driven shaft to rotate the air intake / dust head, thus enabling the air intake / dust assembly to freely rotate and expand the suction / dust range. The bellows 11 is made of stainless steel to ensure the rotational freedom of the air intake / dust assembly.

[0025] Furthermore, a third filter 26 is installed in the air inlet pipe 25 before entering the gas reaction chamber of housing 15. The first filter 8, second filter 28, and third filter 26 are all made of polyethylene, which is corrosion-resistant. The first filter 8 at the air inlet / dust inlet is a primary filter, isolating large particles and preventing damage to the rotating blades. The second filter 28 before the air inlet / dust pipe 29 is a secondary filter, protecting the safe operation of the pump. The third filter 26 installed in the air inlet pipe 25 before entering the NO2 and CO reaction chambers is a tertiary filter; dust in the air passes through filters of different mesh densities and remains inside housing 5.

[0026] Methods for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines, using additives... Figure 1-4 The device shown is operated as follows: start the vacuum pump 27 and motor 3, and draw dust and toxic gas into the second chamber 5 through the air intake / dust assembly 10. After the dust is filtered by the filter screens with different mesh densities, it remains in the second chamber 5. The toxic gas after dust filtration enters the NO2 reaction chamber 24 through the air inlet pipe 25. The NO2 gas reacts fully with the Na2CO3 solution in the reaction chamber to generate CO2 and NaNO3. After the gas reacts in the NO2 reaction chamber, it enters the CO reaction chamber 17 through the second exhaust pipe 19. After the heating rod base 14 heats the iron rod 16, CO, which is less dense than air, reacts with the iron rod to produce Fe and CO2. Dust and toxic gases are gradually absorbed and treated, and finally qualified gas is discharged through the exhaust port via the first exhaust pipe. When the gas concentration detector reaches the threshold, it will trigger an alarm, reminding you to replace the Na2CO3 solution and iron rod 16 in time. At the same time, it is necessary to clean the dust in the No. 2 box 5 regularly.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it will be understood that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines, characterized in that, The device includes a chassis, a first housing and a second housing located on the chassis; the first housing and the second housing are connected by an air intake pipe; the first housing contains a gas reaction chamber and an exhaust port; the top of the second housing is equipped with an air intake / dust assembly, which contains an air intake / dust pipe, a vacuum pump, and a power supply box; the air intake / dust assembly contains multiple layers of filters and its ends are connected to the air intake / dust pipe, which is connected to the vacuum pump; the power supply box is used to provide power to the device. The gas reaction chamber consists of an NO2 reaction chamber and a CO reaction chamber. A first exhaust pipe is provided between the NO2 reaction chamber and the CO reaction chamber, and a second exhaust pipe is provided between the CO reaction chamber and the exhaust port of the first housing. The NO2 reaction chamber is filled with Na2CO3 solution, and an injection port is provided at the top of the reaction chamber. An iron rod is provided in the CO reaction chamber. The iron rod is a magnetic nano iron rod with Fe3O4 as its main component. An iron rod heating device is provided on the iron rod, and the end of the iron rod is threaded. The air intake / dust assembly consists of an air intake / dust head, a first filter, rotating blades, a bellows, an air intake pipe, and a second filter. The first filter and rotating blades are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside inside the air intake / dust head. The bottom of the air intake / dust head is rotatable. A bellows is connected to the tail of the air intake / dust head. The end of the bellows is connected to the air intake / dust pipe. A second filter is provided before the air intake / dust pipe. A third filter is provided in the air intake pipe before entering the gas reaction chamber.

2. The device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the chassis is hinged to a rotatable traction rod; the end of the rotatable traction rod is equipped with a hook; and the lower part of the chassis is equipped with four omnidirectional casters.

3. The device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The omnidirectional swivel wheel is equipped with a spring-dampened shaft.

4. The device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CO reaction chamber is located above the NO2 reaction chamber. The opening and closing of the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe are controlled by the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve, respectively. NO2 gas concentration detector and CO gas concentration detector are respectively installed on the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe. The NO2 gas concentration detector is linked to the first solenoid valve, and the CO gas concentration detector is linked to the second solenoid valve.

5. The device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The NO2 gas concentration detector and the CO gas concentration detector are simultaneously linked with the alarm for control.

6. The device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first, second, and third filters are all made of polyethylene, and the corrugated pipe is made of stainless steel.

7. The device for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake / dust head is horn-shaped, and the bottom of the air intake / dust head is connected to the driven shaft. The second housing contains a motor and a rotating shaft. The driven shaft is connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and the driven shaft and the rotating shaft are driven by the motor.

8. A method for absorbing dust and toxic gases in open-pit mines, characterized in that, Using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: starting the vacuum pump and motor, drawing dust and toxic gases into the No. 2 chamber through the air intake / dust assembly, and leaving the dust inside the No. 2 chamber after it has been filtered by filters with different mesh densities. The toxic gas after dust filtration enters the gas reaction chamber through the inlet pipe. The gas reacted in the gas reaction chamber is absorbed and treated, and finally the qualified gas is discharged through the exhaust port through the first exhaust pipe.

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