A system for removing non-condensable gases and a method for detecting the content of non-condensable gases
By introducing a combined system of pressure vessels, heaters, and sensors into the nuclear reactor coolant system, the problem of non-condensable gas removal and detection is solved, and the stable operation of the coolant system is achieved through real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of heating power.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HENNAN ELECTRIC POWER SURVEY & DESIGN INST CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot effectively remove non-condensable gases from nuclear reactor coolant systems, and there is a lack of effective detection methods.
A system for removing non-condensable gases is employed, comprising a pressure vessel, a heater, a condenser, a flow sensor, and a humidity sensor. By monitoring the flow rate and humidity of liquids and gases in real time, the heating power is automatically adjusted to remove non-condensable gases, and detection methods are used to ensure complete removal.
It achieves automated removal and content detection of non-condensable gases, ensuring complete removal of non-condensable gases from the coolant system and avoiding negative reactions such as coolant flow path blockage and radiation decomposition.
Smart Images
Figure CN117665241B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a system for removing non-condensable gases, and the deionized water prepared without non-condensable gases is used in experimental research on the thermal hydraulics of nuclear reactor cores and steam generators. Background Technology
[0002] Non-condensable gases refer to substances such as air, hydrogen, nitrogen, and lubricating oil vapor mixed in the refrigeration system. These gases circulate in the system with the refrigerant, do not condense with the refrigerant, and do not produce a refrigeration effect.
[0003] In nuclear reactor systems, non-condensable gases can accumulate in the coolant system, where the working fluid decomposes into such gases during operation. These gases impede condensation and heat dissipation, potentially blocking coolant flow paths, causing combustion, and / or other undesirable chemical interactions. Radiation decomposition of the coolant is particularly likely in radioactive environments, such as nuclear reactor coolant systems. Especially in passive coolant systems that utilize natural circulation between specially arranged heat sources and radiators to avoid reliance on active components or operator intervention, non-condensable gases can impede or block this circulation, deplete coolant volume, and / or potentially cause combustion, corrosion, or other negative reactions in these systems. Therefore, the accumulation of non-condensable gases is particularly undesirable in passive nuclear reactor coolant systems, such as ICS.
[0004] US20230395271A1 discloses a system and method for reducing the accumulation of non-condensable gases in a coolant system, which can reduce but not remove them.
[0005] The main method for removing non-condensable gases is to repeatedly heat the experimental water, but there is no effective method to remove and detect the content of non-condensable gases. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in view of the technical problem that non-condensable gases cannot be removed in the prior art, the present invention provides a system for removing non-condensable gases and a method for detecting the content of non-condensable gases.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:
[0008] A system for removing non-condensable gases includes a pressure vessel with a heater inside. The outlet of the pressure vessel is connected to a condenser via a pressure vessel output pipe. The condenser is connected to a cooling water inlet pipe, a cooling water outlet pipe, a liquid condensate outlet pipe, and a gas outlet pipe. The cooling water inlet pipe and the cooling water outlet pipe are respectively connected to both ends of a condenser coil, and the other end of the liquid condensate outlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the pressure vessel. A liquid flow sensor is installed on the liquid condensate outlet pipe, and a gas flow sensor and a humidity sensor are respectively installed on the gas outlet pipe. The liquid flow sensor, gas flow sensor, and humidity sensor are all connected to a central controller, and the output of the central controller is connected to the heater via a voltage-regulating power supply.
[0009] The heater is an electric heater.
[0010] A method for detecting the content of noncondensable gases using the system described above includes the following steps:
[0011] Step 1: The central controller outputs a control signal to the voltage regulator, causing the heater to heat the desalinated purified water to boiling at the initial power P0; at the same time, the central controller receives the detection signals from the liquid flow sensor, gas flow sensor and humidity sensor in real time.
[0012] Step 2: The liquid flow sensor detects the flow rate of the liquid condensate outlet pipe to determine whether the water in the pressure vessel is boiling. If there is no flow in the liquid condensate outlet pipe, it proves that the water in the pressure vessel is not boiling. Then the central controller controls the output power of the voltage regulating power supply to P1, P1>P0, until the water boils.
[0013] Step 3: The humidity sensor detects whether the exhaust gas contains water vapor, i.e., whether there is water vapor in the exhaust pipe; if there is no water vapor in the exhaust pipe, the output power P1 is maintained; if the humidity sensor detects that there is water vapor in the exhaust pipe, it indicates that the current power is too high, the water in the pressure vessel will decrease, the computer sends a signal to reduce the heating power, and the voltage regulator outputs power P2, P0 < P2 < P1.
[0014] Step 4: The gas flow sensor detects whether there is gas flow in the outlet pipeline, i.e. whether non-condensable gas is discharged; if there is gas discharged in the outlet pipeline, the current output power is maintained and the degassing process continues; if there is no gas discharged in the outlet pipeline, proceed to step 5.
[0015] Step 5: If no gas is discharged from the outlet pipe, then combine the signal from the liquid flow sensor to make a comprehensive judgment:
[0016] If the liquid flow sensor has no flow, the current heating power is insufficient. At this time, the central controller controls the voltage regulating power supply to increase the heating power, and the output power is P3, where P0 < P2 < P3 < P1.
[0017] If the liquid flow sensor has a flow rate but the gas flow sensor has no signal, it indicates that the non-condensable gases in the water of the system have been completely removed, the degassing process has terminated, the central controller cuts off the voltage regulation power supply and issues a signal to indicate that the process is complete.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention can adjust the heating power in real time by detecting the flow rate of condensate and non-condensable gas and combining it with the water content of non-condensable gas, and automatically end the preparation process by judging the water content of the discharged non-condensable gas. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0022] like Figure 1As shown, a system for removing non-condensable gases includes a pressure vessel 1, a heater 2 installed inside the pressure vessel 1, and the outlet of the pressure vessel 1 connected to a condenser 3 via a pressure vessel output pipe 101. The condenser 3 is connected to a cooling water inlet pipe 102, a cooling water outlet pipe 103, a liquid condensate outlet pipe 104, and a gas outlet pipe 105. The cooling water inlet pipe 102 and the cooling water outlet pipe 103 are respectively connected to the two ends of a condenser coil, and the other end of the liquid condensate outlet pipe 104 is connected to the inlet of the pressure vessel 1. A liquid flow sensor 4 is installed on the liquid condensate outlet pipe 104, and a gas flow sensor 5 and a humidity sensor 6 are respectively installed on the gas outlet pipe 105. The liquid flow sensor 4, the gas flow sensor 5, and the humidity sensor 6 are all connected to a central controller 7, and the output of the central controller 7 is connected to the heater 2 via a voltage regulating power supply 8.
[0023] The principle of this invention is as follows: A pressure vessel 1 contains desalinated purified water. A heater 2 heats the desalinated purified water to boiling. Then, the mixture of water vapor and non-condensable gases enters the condenser 3 through the pressure vessel output pipe 101. The condenser 3 contains a condensing coil with cooling water flowing through it. The condensed water vapor and non-condensable gas mixture condenses, and the water vapor changes into liquid condensate, which flows back to the pressure vessel 1 through the liquid condensate outlet pipe 104. The non-condensable gases are discharged through the non-condensable gas outlet to the gas outlet pipe 105. The liquid flow sensor 4, gas flow sensor 5, and humidity sensor 6 transmit signals to the central controller 7. The central controller 7 controls the output power of the voltage regulating power supply 8 based on the signals, thereby controlling the heater 2.
[0024] Furthermore, heater 2 is an electric heater.
[0025] A method for detecting the content of noncondensable gases includes the following steps:
[0026] Step 1: The central controller 7 outputs a control signal to the voltage regulating power supply 8, so that the heater 2 heats the desalinated pure water to boiling according to the initial power P0; at the same time, the central controller 7 receives the detection signals from the liquid flow sensor 4, the gas flow sensor 5 and the humidity sensor 6 in real time.
[0027] Step 2: The liquid flow sensor 4 detects the flow rate of the liquid condensate outlet pipe 104 to determine whether the water in the pressure vessel 1 is boiling. If there is no flow in the liquid condensate outlet pipe 104, it proves that the water in the pressure vessel 1 is not boiling. Then the central controller 7 controls the output power of the voltage regulating power supply P1, P1>P0, until the water boils.
[0028] Step 3: Humidity sensor 6 detects whether the discharged gas contains water vapor, that is, whether the gas outlet pipe 105 contains water vapor; if there is no water vapor in the gas outlet pipe 105, the output power P1 is maintained; if humidity sensor 6 detects that there is water vapor in the gas outlet pipe 105, it indicates that the current power is too high, the water in the pressure vessel 1 will decrease, the computer sends a signal to reduce the heating power, and the voltage regulating power supply 8 outputs power P2, P0 < P2 < P1;
[0029] Step 4: Gas flow sensor 5 detects whether there is gas flow in the outlet pipe 105, i.e. whether non-condensable gas is discharged; if there is gas discharged in the outlet pipe 105, the current output power is maintained and the degassing process continues; if there is no gas discharged in the outlet pipe 105, proceed to step 5.
[0030] Step 5: If no gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe 105, then, based on the signal from the liquid flow sensor 4, a comprehensive judgment is made:
[0031] If there is no flow from the liquid flow sensor 4, the current heating power is insufficient. At this time, the central controller 7 controls the voltage regulating power supply 8 to increase the heating power, and the output power is P3, where P0 < P2 < P3 < P1.
[0032] If the liquid flow sensor 4 has a flow rate but the gas flow sensor 5 has no signal, it indicates that the non-condensable gases in the water of the system have been completely removed, the degassing process is terminated, the central controller 7 cuts off the voltage regulating power supply 8 and issues a signal to indicate that the process is complete.
[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for detecting the content of noncondensable gases, characterized in that: The non-condensable gas removal system includes a pressure vessel (1), inside which a heater (2) is installed. The outlet of the pressure vessel (1) is connected to a condenser (3) via a pressure vessel output pipe (101). The condenser (3) is connected to a cooling water inlet pipe (102), a cooling water outlet pipe (103), a liquid condensate outlet pipe (104), and a gas outlet pipe (105). The cooling water inlet pipe (102) and the cooling water outlet pipe (103) are respectively connected to the two ends of the condenser coil. The other end of the condensate outlet pipe (104) is connected to the inlet of the pressure vessel (1); and a liquid flow sensor (4) is installed on the liquid condensate outlet pipe (104), and a gas flow sensor (5) and a humidity sensor (6) are installed on the gas outlet pipe (105). The liquid flow sensor (4), the gas flow sensor (5) and the humidity sensor (6) are all connected to the central controller (7). The output of the central controller (7) is connected to the heater (2) through the voltage regulating power supply (8). The detection method includes the following steps: Step 1: The central controller (7) outputs a control signal to the voltage regulator (8) so that the heater (2) heats the desalinated pure water to boiling according to the initial power P0; at the same time, the central controller (7) receives the detection signals from the liquid flow sensor (4), the gas flow sensor (5) and the humidity sensor (6) in real time. Step 2: The liquid flow sensor (4) detects the flow rate of the liquid condensate outlet pipe (104) to determine whether the water in the pressure vessel (1) is boiling. If there is no flow in the liquid condensate outlet pipe (104), it proves that the water in the pressure vessel (1) is not boiling. Then the central controller (7) controls the output power of the voltage regulating power supply to P1, P1>P0, until the water boils. Step 3: The humidity sensor (6) detects whether the exhaust gas contains water vapor, that is, whether the exhaust pipe (105) contains water vapor; if there is no water vapor in the exhaust pipe (105), the output power P1 is maintained; if the humidity sensor (6) detects that there is water vapor in the exhaust pipe (105), it indicates that the current power is too high, the water in the pressure vessel (1) will decrease, the computer sends a signal to reduce the heating power, and the voltage regulator (8) outputs power P2, P0 < P2 < P1; Step 4: The gas flow sensor (5) detects whether there is gas flow in the gas outlet pipe (105), that is, whether there is non-condensable gas discharged; if there is gas discharged in the gas outlet pipe (105), the current output power is maintained and the degassing process continues; if there is no gas discharged in the gas outlet pipe (105), proceed to step 5. Step 5: If no gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe (105), then, based on the signal from the liquid flow sensor (4), a comprehensive judgment is made: If the liquid flow sensor (4) has no flow, the current heating power is insufficient. At this time, the central controller (7) controls the voltage regulating power supply (8) to increase the heating power, and the output power is P3, P0 < P2 < P3 < P1; If the liquid flow sensor (4) has a flow rate but the gas flow sensor (5) has no signal, it indicates that the non-condensable gases in the water of the system have been removed and the degassing process has ended. The central controller (7) cuts off the voltage regulation power supply (8) and issues a signal to indicate that the process is complete.