Device and method for individual cultivation of freshwater snails

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device and method for individually cultivating freshwater snails. The device comprises a negative pressure snail suction area and a young snail cultivation area. The negative pressure snail suction area comprises an air pump and a negative pressure snail suction device. The negative pressure snail suction device is a hollow plastic box comprising a top plate and a bottom plate, the bottom plate being provided with holes, and the top plate being provided with ventilation holes. The ventilation holes are connected to the air pump via a connecting pipe. The young snail cultivation area comprises a plastic cultivation tray with independent grids on its surface. The size of the plastic cultivation tray is consistent with the size of the bottom plate of the negative pressure snail suction device. The independent grids in the young snail cultivation area correspond one-to-one with the holes in the negative pressure snail suction device. The air pump and the negative pressure snail suction device are connected via a connecting pipe to extract air from the negative pressure snail suction device to create a negative pressure environment. The negative pressure snail suction device draws young snails through the holes in the bottom plate and places them into the grids in the young snail cultivation area. The present invention achieves the purpose of quickly sorting young snails, enabling individual cultivation of freshwater snails. The freshwater snails are free of young snails or fertilized eggs, resulting in better flavor and higher quality, thus achieving "no young snails."

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a device and method for single-breeding freshwater snails. Background Art

[0002] Common economic species of freshwater snails include species of the genus Anilophora (square-shaped, pear-shaped, copper-rusted, and painted) and species of the genus Ostreae (Northeastern, Chinese, and spherical), often collectively referred to as snails, stone snails, and water snails. Species of the genera Anilophora and Ostreae are widely distributed throughout China, boast high production volumes, and are versatile. They serve as a key bait for aquatic commercial animals such as black carp, broad-bodied leeches, Chinese mitten crabs, and soft-shelled turtles, as well as for some waterfowl. They are also a popular aquatic product for residents, and are therefore attracting increasing attention. As a crucial component of freshwater ecosystems, freshwater snails act as both consumers and decomposers, filtering plankton and licking organic debris from the environment. They play a vital role in controlling the deposition of organic matter in aquatic environments and maintaining wetland functions.

[0003] The downstream of freshwater snail farming includes processing, catering, and high-value aquatic product farming as bait organisms. In particular, the food processing and catering industries require that the nutrition and taste of freshwater snails be guaranteed. However, freshwater snails consume nutrients during the reproduction and mating process, which causes the freshwater snails to be thin. Reproduction and mating can also cause the presence of snails or fertilized eggs in the body, which affects the taste. In addition, since a single freshwater snail can have many babies after mating and breeding, the processing of large quantities of freshwater snails requires a lot of manpower and energy to rely on manual individual placement and breeding, which has a series of problems such as time-consuming and slow progress. This additional manual processing process greatly increases the processing cost and time cost of freshwater snails, and it may even become impossible to process hundreds or thousands of tons of freshwater snails. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device and method for single cultivation of freshwater snails, which can achieve the purpose of quickly sorting out young snails, so that freshwater snails can be cultivated individually. There are no young snails or fertilized eggs in the freshwater snails, which have better flavor and higher quality, thus realizing "no young snails".

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A device for individually breeding freshwater snails comprises a negative pressure snail suction area and a young snail breeding area, wherein the negative pressure snail suction area comprises an air pump and a negative pressure snail suction device; the negative pressure snail suction device comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate is provided with holes and the top plate is provided with air vents; the air vents are connected to the air pump via a connecting pipe; the young snail breeding area comprises a breeding tray with independent grids on its surface, wherein the breeding tray and the bottom plate of the negative pressure snail suction device have the same size, and the independent grids of the breeding tray correspond one-to-one to the holes of the bottom plate; the air pump and the negative pressure snail suction device extract air from the negative pressure snail suction device via a connecting pipe to create a negative pressure environment, and the negative pressure snail suction device absorbs young snails through the holes of the bottom plate and places them in the independent grids of the breeding tray.

[0007] In the present technical solution, further, the shape of the hole is set to be one of a conical hole, a regular quadrangular pyramid hole, and a regular hexagonal pyramid hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the young snail breeding area also includes a breeding tray cover corresponding to the breeding tray. After the young snails are placed in the independent grid, the breeding tray cover is placed above the breeding tray.

[0009] Furthermore, ventilation holes are provided at the bottom of the independent grid.

[0010] Furthermore, the number, size and position of the independent grids and holes in the breeding tray are the same, ensuring that the holes on the bottom plate are aligned one by one with the independent grids in the breeding tray.

[0011] Furthermore, the negative pressure snail suction device is a hollow hard plastic box, and the negative pressure snail suction device and the culture tray are made of one or more of polyethylene plastic, polypropylene plastic, and polyvinyl chloride plastic. An air extraction valve and an air inlet valve are provided on the pipeline connecting the negative pressure snail suction device and the air extraction pump. The air extraction pump is equipped with a pressure regulating valve to control the suction force of the air extraction pump.

[0012] Furthermore, the specifications of the negative pressure snail suction device range from 30.0cm*30.0cm*3.0cm to 34.0cm*34.0cm*5.0cm, with the optimal specifications being 32.0cm*32.0cm*4.0cm. The thickness of the bottom plate of the negative pressure snail suction device is set to 0.8-1.2cm, with the optimal specification being 1.0cm. The holes in the bottom plate of the negative pressure snail suction device are one of the following types: conical holes, regular square pyramid holes, and hexagonal pyramid holes. The diameter of the large hole is set to 1.5-3.0cm, with the optimal diameter being 2.0cm. The diameter of the small hole is set to 0.1-0.5cm, with the optimal diameter being 4.0cm. The distance between adjacent holes is set to 3.0-5.0cm, with the optimal distance being 4.0cm, which is measured by the distance between the center points of the small holes. The number of holes in the negative pressure snail suction device is set to 6-8 holes in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and the number of holes is set to 36-64 holes, with the optimal number of holes being 7*7, for a total of 49 holes. The culture trays are sized from 30.0cm*30.0cm*4.0cm to 34.0cm*34.0cm*6.0cm, with the optimal size being 32.0cm*32.0cm*5cm. The trays are equipped with independent grids, measuring 1.5-3.0cm in diameter and 4.0-6.0cm in depth. The number and spacing of these grids match the holes in the negative pressure snail suction device. The bottoms of the independent grids are equipped with ventilation holes for water exchange, with the openings ranging from 0.1-0.5cm.

[0013] Furthermore, a method for single-cultivation of freshwater snails using the above device comprises the following steps:

[0014] A. Anesthetize the freshwater snails, remove them and spread them evenly;

[0015] B. Connect the vacuum pump power supply, open the vacuum pump valve, close the air inlet valve, and put the negative pressure suction screw device in a negative pressure state;

[0016] C. Place the negative pressure snail suction device on the freshwater snail larvae to suck out the larvae;

[0017] D. Place the negative pressure snail suction device on the breeding tray so that the holes on the bottom plate of the negative pressure snail suction device overlap with the top of the independent grid of the breeding tray. Close the exhaust valve, open the air inlet valve, allow the young snails to fall into the breeding tray, and cover the breeding tray.

[0018] Furthermore, the above method also includes the following steps: repeating steps A to D several times, fixing several culture trays into a group with rubber bands, and placing them in a pond, a cage in a pond, or a circulating water aquaculture tank for culture.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above step A, the concentration of alcohol anesthesia is 5% to 10%.

[0020] In this technical solution, the device for individually breeding freshwater snails uses a vacuum pump to extract the gas in the negative pressure snail suction device, creating a negative pressure environment, sucking out the freshwater snail fry, and placing them into independent grids in the breeding tray for individual independent breeding, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly and labor-savingly selecting the fry snails.

[0021] Compared to traditional manual sorting methods, this technical solution significantly reduces labor intensity and processing costs during the freshwater snail sorting process. Furthermore, the freshwater snails are free of hatchlings or fertilized eggs, resulting in a more flavorful and higher-quality product, achieving "baby-free snails." This farming method is simple to operate and low-cost. The use of several farming trays in a group significantly reduces farming space, increasing freshwater snail yield per unit area. This farming method also facilitates harvesting and significantly reduces labor intensity.

[0022] In this technical solution, the holes on the bottom plate of the negative pressure snail suction device are designed to be one of conical holes, regular quadrangular pyramid holes, regular hexagonal pyramid holes, etc., which ensures the integrity of the young snails and achieves the purpose of not damaging the young snails. The independent grid specifications are Φ = 1.5-3.0 cm and the depth is 4.0-6.0 cm, which ensures the normal growth of the young snails in independent breeding and the purpose of free movement. Setting the independent grid too large will result in a decrease in the yield of freshwater snails per unit area, and setting it too small will affect the normal growth and activity of freshwater snails. The bottom of the independent grid is provided with air holes for water exchange to prevent the death of freshwater snails caused by changes in water quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a side view of the negative pressure suction screw device of Example 1;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the negative pressure suction screw device of Example 1;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of the negative pressure suction screw device in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the negative pressure suction screw device of Example 1;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a top view of the breeding tray in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the breeding tray in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a side view of the breeding tray in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 8This is a diagram showing the assembly structure of the negative pressure snail suction device and the culture tray in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 9 This is the assembly structure diagram of the negative pressure snail suction device and breeding tray of Example 2.

[0033] Attachment Figure 1 :

[0034] 1. Air pump 2. Pressure regulating valve 3. Negative pressure suction screw device 31. Top plate

[0035] 32, bottom plate 33, hole 34, vent 4, breeding tray

[0036] 41. Independent grid 42. Ventilation holes DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a device for single freshwater snail breeding includes a negative pressure snail suction area and a young snail breeding area, the negative pressure snail suction area includes an air pump 1 and a negative pressure snail suction device 3; the negative pressure snail suction device 3 includes a top plate 31 and a bottom plate 32, the bottom plate 32 is provided with holes 33, and the top plate 31 is provided with air vents 34; the air vents 34 are connected to the air pump 1 through a connecting pipe; the young snail breeding area includes a breeding tray 4 with independent grids 41 on the surface, the breeding tray 4 is the same size as the bottom plate 32 of the negative pressure snail suction device 3, and the independent grids 41 of the breeding tray 4 correspond one to one with the holes 33 of the bottom plate 32; the air pump 1 and the negative pressure snail suction device 3 extract the air in the negative pressure snail suction device 3 through the connecting pipe to create a negative pressure environment, and the negative pressure snail suction device 3 absorbs the young snails through the holes 33 of the bottom plate 32 and places them in the independent grids 41 of the breeding tray 4.

[0040] The shape of the hole 33 is set to be one of a conical hole, a regular quadrangular pyramid hole, and a regular hexagonal pyramid hole. In this embodiment, the shape of the hole 33 is set to be a conical hole.

[0041] The young snail breeding area also includes a breeding tray cover corresponding to the breeding tray 4. After the young snails are placed in the independent grid 41, the breeding tray cover is placed above the breeding tray 4.

[0042] The bottom of the independent grid 41 is provided with ventilation holes 42 .

[0043] The number, size and position of the independent grids 41 in the breeding tray 4 are the same as those of the holes 33 , ensuring that the holes 33 on the bottom plate 32 are aligned one by one with the independent grids 41 in the breeding tray 4 .

[0044] The negative pressure snail suction device 3 is a hollow hard plastic box. The material of the negative pressure snail suction device 3 and the breeding tray 4 is one or more of polyethylene plastic, polypropylene plastic, and polyvinyl chloride plastic. In this embodiment, the material of the negative pressure snail suction device 3 and the breeding tray 4 is polyethylene plastic.

[0045] An air extraction valve and an air inlet valve are provided on the pipeline connecting the negative pressure suction screw device 3 and the air extraction pump 1 . The air extraction pump 1 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 2 to control the suction force of the air extraction pump 1 .

[0046] The above device realizes a method for single aquaculture of freshwater snails, comprising the following steps:

[0047] A. Anesthetize the freshwater snails with 5% to 10% alcohol, remove them and spread them out evenly.

[0048] B. Connect the power supply of the vacuum pump 1, open the vacuum valve of the vacuum pump, close the air inlet valve, and put the negative pressure suction screw device 3 into a negative pressure state;

[0049] C. Place the negative pressure snail suction device 3 on the freshwater snail to suck the snail;

[0050] D. Place the negative pressure snail suction device 3 on the breeding tray 4 so that the holes 33 of the bottom plate 32 of the negative pressure snail suction device 3 and the top of the independent grid 31 of the breeding tray 4 overlap, close the air extraction valve, open the air inlet valve, allow the young snails to fall into the breeding tray 4, and cover the breeding tray cover.

[0051] E. Repeat steps A to D several times, fix several culture trays 4 into a group with rubber bands, and place them in a pond, a cage in a pond, or a circulating water aquaculture tank for culture.

[0052] The specifications of the negative pressure snail suction device 3 are 32.0*32.0*4.0cm; the thickness of the bottom plate 32 of the negative pressure snail suction device 3 is set to 1.0cm, and the holes 33 of the bottom plate 32 are conical holes, with the diameter of the large hole set to 2.0cm and the diameter of the small hole set to 0.4cm. The distance between adjacent holes is the distance between the center points of the small holes, which is set to 4.0cm. The number of holes 33 of the negative pressure snail suction device 3 is set to 7*7, for a total of 49; the specifications of the breeding tray 4 are set to 32.0*32.0*5cm; the breeding tray 4 is provided with an independent grid 41, which has a specification of Φ=2.0cm and a depth of 5.0cm, and is set to 7*7 for a total of 49 grids. The bottom of the independent grid 41 is provided with a ventilation hole 42 for water flow exchange, and the opening specification is set to 0.5cm.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, a device for single freshwater snail breeding includes a negative pressure snail suction area and a young snail breeding area, the negative pressure snail suction area includes an air pump 1 and a negative pressure snail suction device; the negative pressure snail suction device includes a top plate 31 and a bottom plate 32, the bottom plate 32 is provided with holes 33, and the top plate 31 is provided with air vents 34; the air vents 34 are connected to the air pump 1 through a connecting pipe; the young snail breeding area includes a breeding tray 4 with independent grids 41 on the surface, the breeding tray 4 is the same size as the bottom plate 32 of the negative pressure snail suction device, and the independent grids 41 of the breeding tray 4 correspond one-to-one to the holes 33 of the bottom plate 32; the air pump 1 and the negative pressure snail suction device extract the air in the negative pressure snail suction device through the connecting pipe to create a negative pressure environment, and the negative pressure snail suction device 3 absorbs the young snails through the holes 33 of the bottom plate 32 and places them in the independent grids 41 of the breeding tray 4.

[0055] The shape of the hole 33 is set to be one of a conical hole, a regular quadrangular pyramid hole, and a regular hexagonal pyramid hole. In this embodiment, the shape of the hole 33 is set to be a regular quadrangular pyramid hole.

[0056] The young snail breeding area also includes a breeding tray cover corresponding to the breeding tray 4. After the young snails are placed in the independent grid 41, the breeding tray cover is placed above the breeding tray 4.

[0057] The bottom of the independent grid 41 is provided with ventilation holes.

[0058] The number, size and position of the independent grids 41 in the breeding tray 4 are the same as those of the holes 33 , ensuring that the holes 33 on the bottom plate 32 are aligned one by one with the independent grids 41 in the breeding tray 4 .

[0059] The negative pressure snail suction device is a hollow hard plastic box. The material of the negative pressure snail suction device and the breeding tray 4 is one or more of polyethylene plastic, polypropylene plastic, and polyvinyl chloride plastic. In this embodiment, the material of the negative pressure snail suction device and the breeding tray 4 is polyethylene plastic.

[0060] An air extraction valve and an air inlet valve are provided on the pipeline connecting the negative pressure suction screw device and the air extraction pump 1 , and the air extraction pump 1 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 2 to control the suction force of the air extraction pump 1 .

[0061] The above device realizes a method for single aquaculture of freshwater snails, comprising the following steps:

[0062] A. Anesthetize the freshwater snails with 5% to 10% alcohol, remove them and spread them out evenly.

[0063] B. Connect the power supply of the vacuum pump 1, open the vacuum valve of the vacuum pump, close the air inlet valve, and put the negative pressure suction screw device into a negative pressure state;

[0064] C. Place the negative pressure snail suction device on the freshwater snail larvae to suck out the larvae;

[0065] D. Place the negative pressure snail suction device on the breeding tray 4 so that the holes 33 of the bottom plate 32 of the negative pressure snail suction device overlap with the top of the independent grid 41 of the breeding tray 4, close the air extraction valve, open the air inlet valve, allow the young snails to fall into the breeding tray 4, and cover the breeding tray cover.

[0066] E. Repeat steps A to D several times, fix several culture trays 4 into a group with rubber bands, and place them in a pond, a cage in a pond, or a circulating water aquaculture tank for culture.

[0067] The bottom plate 32 of the negative pressure snail suction device has a side length of 30.0*30.0cm and a height of 5.0cm. The bottom plate 32 of the negative pressure snail suction device has a thickness of 1.0cm. The holes 33 of the bottom plate 32 are regular quadrangular pyramid holes with a bottom side length of 2.0cm and a top opening diameter of 0.2cm. The distance between adjacent holes 33, measured as the distance between the center points of the holes, is set to 2.0cm. The number of holes 33 is set to 15*15, for a total of 225. The breeding tray 4 is provided with independent grids 41. The independent grids 41 are arranged in a square shape with a side length of 2.0cm and a depth of 5.0cm. The number of grids 41 is set to 15*15, for a total of 225. The bottom of the independent grids 41 is provided with air holes for water exchange, and the opening size is set to 0.2cm.

Claims

1. A device for individual cultivation of freshwater snails, characterized by: The invention comprises a negative pressure snail suction area and a young snail breeding area, wherein the negative pressure snail suction area comprises an air pump (1) and a negative pressure snail suction device (3); the negative pressure snail suction device (3) comprises a top plate (31) and a bottom plate (32); the bottom plate (32) is provided with a hole (33); the top plate (31) is provided with an air vent (34); the air vent (34) is connected to the air pump (1) through a connecting pipe; the young snail breeding area comprises a breeding plate (4) with an independent grid (41) on the surface; The breeding tray (4) and the bottom plate (32) of the negative pressure snail suction device (3) have the same size, and the independent grids (41) of the breeding tray (4) correspond to the holes (33) of the bottom plate (32) one by one. The air pump (1) and the negative pressure snail suction device (3) are connected to the pipeline to extract air from the negative pressure snail suction device (3) to create a negative pressure environment. The negative pressure snail suction device (3) absorbs young snails through the holes (33) of the bottom plate (32) and places them in the independent grids (41) of the breeding tray (4).

2. The device for individual cultivation of freshwater snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the hole (33) is set to be one of a conical hole, a regular quadrangular pyramid hole, and a regular hexagonal pyramid hole.

3. The device for individual cultivation of freshwater snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The young snail breeding area further comprises a breeding tray cover corresponding to the breeding tray (4); after the young snails are placed in the independent grid (41), the breeding tray cover is placed above the breeding tray (4).

4. The device for individual cultivation of freshwater snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the independent grid (41) is provided with ventilation holes (42).

5. The device for individual cultivation of freshwater snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number, size and position of the independent grids (41) and the holes (33) in the breeding tray (4) are the same, ensuring that the holes (33) on the bottom plate (32) are aligned one by one with the independent grids (41) in the breeding tray (4).

6. The device for individual cultivation of freshwater snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure snail suction device (3) is a hollow hard plastic box, and the negative pressure snail suction device (3) and the breeding tray (4) are made of one or more of polyethylene plastic, polypropylene plastic, and polyvinyl chloride plastic.

7. The device for individual cultivation of freshwater snails according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air extraction valve and an air inlet valve are provided on the pipeline connecting the negative pressure suction screw device (3) and the air extraction pump (1); the air extraction pump (1) is provided with a pressure regulating valve (2) to control the suction force of the air extraction pump (1).

8. The method for achieving individual cultivation of freshwater snails using the device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. Anesthetize the freshwater snails, remove them and spread them evenly; B. Connect the power supply of the vacuum pump (1), open the vacuum valve of the vacuum pump, close the air inlet valve, and put the negative pressure suction screw device (3) into a negative pressure state; C. placing the negative pressure snail suction device (3) on the freshwater snail juveniles to suck the juveniles; D. Place the negative pressure snail suction device (3) on the culture tray (4) so ​​that the holes (33) of the bottom plate (32) of the negative pressure snail suction device (3) and the top of the independent grid (41) of the culture tray (4) overlap, close the air extraction valve, open the air inlet valve, allow the young snails to fall into the culture tray (4), and cover the culture tray lid.

9. The method for achieving individual cultivation of freshwater snails using the device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Repeat steps A to D several times, and fix several culture trays (4) into a group with rubber bands, and place them in a pond, a cage in a pond, or a circulating water aquaculture tank for culture.

10. The method for achieving individual cultivation of freshwater snails using the device according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step A, the concentration of alcohol anesthesia is 5% to 10%.

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