A door opening method of a double-door structure cutter head

Abstract

The application provides a door opening method of a double-door structure cutter head, and belongs to the technical field of tunneling methods. The door opening method comprises the following steps: firstly, rotating the first movable door to the lower part through cutter head rotation, connecting a hoisting device between the fixed disc body and the first movable door, controlling the first movable door to be opened through the release of the flexible hoisting member, and installing a locking member between the first movable door and the fixed disc body after the first movable door is opened; then, rotating the second movable door to the lower part through cutter head rotation, dismounting the hoisting device and installing it between the first movable door and the second movable door, and opening the second movable door through the recovery of the flexible hoisting member. The hoisting device is used to replace the oil cylinder configured separately in the prior art, only one set of hoisting device is arranged, the first movable door is locked after being opened, the hoisting device can be dismounted to hoist the second movable door, the hoisting device is used to the full, the opening angle requirement of the movable door can be met, enough pulling force can be borne, the method is safe and reliable, and the configuration cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for opening the door of a double-door cutterhead, belonging to the technical field of tunnel excavation methods. Background Technology

[0002] In TBM-based coal mine roadway construction, traditional TBMs have rapid tunneling capabilities but lack the ability to extract harmful gases. Therefore, to meet the construction team's need for gas treatment in front of the cutterhead, existing technologies have developed a design that allows the cutterhead to be opened and closed, thereby transporting the gas treatment drilling rig to the front of the cutterhead and solving the problems of poor safety and low gas extraction efficiency of existing TBMs in formations containing harmful gases.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent application CN116658180A discloses a mining TBM including a cutterhead. The cutterhead comprises a fixed disc and two swing discs (i.e., movable doors). Both the first and second movable doors are hinged to the fixed disc, with one end being the hinged end and the other the movable end. The movable ends of the two doors face each other. The first and second movable doors are each connected to a hydraulic cylinder for driving them to swing forward, forming a double-door structure. A transfer channel is provided inside the shield body to transfer the advanced drilling rig and gas collection equipment to the space in front of the cutterhead, enabling advanced drilling detection and gas collection.

[0004] The aforementioned double-door cutterhead structure allows the advanced drilling rig and gas collection equipment to pass through to the front of the cutterhead. However, since both movable doors are controlled by hydraulic cylinders to open, and the swing angles of the two movable doors are large, both being 90 degrees, this requires the hydraulic cylinders to have a large stroke. Ordinary hydraulic cylinders simply cannot meet the usage requirements. Furthermore, both movable doors have a certain weight, requiring the hydraulic cylinders to have sufficient thrust, resulting in a higher hydraulic cylinder configuration and increased configuration costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for opening the doors of a double-door cutterhead, in order to solve the problems in the prior art that use a separate hydraulic cylinder to control the opening of the two movable doors, requiring the hydraulic cylinder to have a sufficiently large stroke and thrust, resulting in a high configuration cost of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the opening method of the double-door cutter head in this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for opening a double-door cutterhead structure involves first rotating the cutterhead to move the first movable door to the lower part of the cutterhead, with the hinged end of the first movable door located below the movable end. A lifting device is connected between the fixed plate of the cutterhead and the first movable door. The first movable door is gradually opened by continuously releasing the flexible lifting component of the lifting device. After the first movable door is fully opened, a locking component is installed between the first movable door and the fixed plate to lock the open state of the first movable door. Then, the cutterhead is rotated to move the first movable door to the upper part of the cutterhead, at which point the second movable door rotates to the lower part of the cutterhead, with the hinged end of the second movable door located above the movable end. The lifting device is removed and installed between the first and second movable doors. Then, the second movable door is gradually opened by continuously retracting the flexible lifting component.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: This invention provides a pioneering method for opening a double-door cutterhead. The method involves first rotating the cutterhead to move the first movable door to the lower part of the cutterhead. Then, a lifting device is connected between the fixed plate of the cutterhead and the first movable door. As is well known, the lifting device has a releasable and retractable flexible lifting component. By continuously releasing the flexible lifting component, the first movable door can be gradually opened. Furthermore, the lifting device generally stores a sufficiently long flexible lifting component, fully meeting the opening angle requirements of the movable door. Simultaneously, the lifting device is a commonly used device in engineering machinery, capable of lifting large objects, more than sufficient for lifting the movable door on the cutterhead. Then, after the first movable door is fully opened, a locking component is installed between the first movable door and the fixed plate to lock the open state of the first movable door. Next, the cutterhead is rotated to move the first movable door to the upper part of the cutterhead, at which point the second movable door rotates to the lower part of the cutterhead. The lifting device is then removed and installed between the first and second movable doors. Finally, the second movable door is gradually opened by continuously retracting the flexible lifting component.

[0009] In summary, this invention uses a lifting device instead of the separately configured hydraulic cylinder in the prior art. Only one lifting device is needed. After the first movable door is fully opened, it is locked in the open state by a locking component, so that the lifting device can be removed to lift the second movable door. This makes full use of the device, which can meet the opening angle requirements of the movable door, withstand sufficient tension, is safe and reliable, easy to configure, and has low configuration cost.

[0010] Furthermore, before opening the first movable door, a push cylinder is first installed between the first movable door and the fixed plate. The first movable door is pushed open at a certain angle by the push cylinder. Then the push cylinder is removed, and the first movable door is continued to open by the continuous release of the flexible lifting component.

[0011] Furthermore, after the push cylinder pushes the first movable door open to a certain angle, the angle of the first movable door is fixed by the push cylinder. Then, the lifting device is connected between the fixed plate and the first movable door. After the lifting device is installed, the push cylinder is removed.

[0012] Furthermore, a support rod is used as a locking element to connect the first movable door and the fixed plate to support the first movable door.

[0013] Furthermore, spherical bearings are installed at both ends of the support rod, and connecting seats are installed on the first movable door and the fixed plate, so that both ends of the support rod are hinged to the connecting seats through spherical bearings.

[0014] Furthermore, the distance from the connection point of the support rod to the first movable door to the hinge end of the first movable door is less than the distance from the connection point of the lifting device to the first movable door to the hinge end of the first movable door.

[0015] Furthermore, a first locking pin hole is provided on the first movable door, and a first opening locking hole and a first closing locking hole are provided on the fixed plate. The locking component includes a first fixed pin. When the first movable door is in the closed state, the first locking pin hole corresponds to the first closing locking hole, and the first movable door is locked by inserting the first fixed pin. The first fixed pin must be removed before opening the first movable door. When the first movable door is in the open state, the first locking pin hole corresponds to the first opening locking hole, and the first movable door is locked by inserting the first fixed pin.

[0016] Furthermore, when the first movable door is in the open or closed state, a first set screw is installed on the first movable door or the fixed plate body, so that the first set screw is pressed against the first fixed pin.

[0017] Furthermore, a hand-operated chain hoist is used as a lifting device, with the chain of the hoist forming a flexible lifting component.

[0018] Furthermore, during the process of removing the lifting device and installing it between the first and second movable doors, only the connection between the lifting device and the fixed plate is removed, and the removed end of the lifting device is directly connected to the second movable door.

[0019] Furthermore, a second locking pin hole is provided on the second movable door, and a second opening locking hole and a second closing locking hole are provided on the fixed plate. When the second movable door is in the closed state, the second locking pin hole corresponds to the second closing locking hole, and the second movable door is locked by inserting the second fixed pin. The second fixed pin must be removed before opening the second movable door. When the second movable door is in the open state, the second locking pin hole corresponds to the second opening locking hole, and the second movable door is locked by inserting the second fixed pin.

[0020] Furthermore, when the second movable door is in the open or closed state, a second set screw is installed on the second movable door or the fixed plate body to tighten the second fixed pin. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the cutter head to which the door opening method of the double-door cutter head in this invention applies;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a side view of the cutter head to which the door opening method of the double-door cutter head in this invention applies;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the implementation process of the opening method of the double-door structure cutterhead in this invention (the top-pushing hydraulic cylinder pushes the first movable door open at a certain angle).

[0024] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating the implementation process of the opening method of the double-door structure cutterhead in this invention (the first movable door is fully open).

[0025] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the implementation process of the opening method of the double-door structure cutter head in this invention (the first movable door rotates to the upper part of the cutter head).

[0026] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the implementation process of the opening method of the double-door structure cutterhead in this invention (the second movable door is fully open).

[0027] In the diagram: 1. First movable door; 2. Second movable door; 3. Fixed plate; 4. First rotating pin; 5. First fixed pin; 6. First set screw; 7. First connecting seat; 8. Second connecting seat; 9. Support rod; 10. Second rotating pin; 11. Second fixed pin; 12. Second set screw; 13. Second closing locking hole; 14. First closing locking hole; 15. Pushing cylinder; 16. Hand chain hoist; I. First channel; II. Second channel. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0029] This invention uses a lifting device instead of the separately configured hydraulic cylinder in the prior art. Only one lifting device is needed. First, the first movable door is gradually opened by the continuous release of the flexible lifting component. Then, after the first movable door rotates to the upper part of the cutter head, the lifting device is connected between the first and second movable doors. The second movable door is gradually opened by the continuous retraction of the flexible lifting component. The lifting device can meet the opening angle requirements of the movable doors, withstand sufficient tensile force, is safe and reliable, easy to configure, and has low configuration cost.

[0030] An embodiment of the door opening method (hereinafter referred to as the door opening method) of the double-door structure cutter head in this invention:

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cutterhead to which the door opening method of the present invention is applicable includes a first movable door 1, a second movable door 2, and a fixed disc 3. Both the first movable door 1 and the second movable door 2 are hinged to the fixed disc 3. Specifically, the first movable door 1 is hinged to the fixed disc 3 via a first rotating pin 4, and the second movable door 2 is hinged to the fixed disc 3 via a second rotating pin 10. Therefore, one end of each door is a hinged end, and the other end is a movable end. When both movable doors are in the closed state, the movable end of the first movable door 1 and the hinged end of the second movable door 2 are arranged opposite each other. When both movable doors are in the open state, a first channel I and a second channel II are formed respectively. The first channel I allows the belt conveyor to extend to the front side of the cutterhead for easy slag removal. The second channel II allows the advanced drilling rig and gas collection equipment to move to the front side of the cutterhead to realize advanced drilling detection and gas collection.

[0032] As one embodiment, the door opening method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0033] First, the first movable door 1 is rotated to its lower position by rotating the cutter head. At this time, the hinge end of the first movable door 1 is located below the movable end. Then, before opening the first movable door 1, a push cylinder 15 is installed between the first movable door 1 and the fixed disc 3. Figure 3 As shown, the first movable door 1 is pushed open by the push cylinder 15 at a certain angle. This certain angle can be between 10 degrees and 20 degrees. As long as the first movable door 1 is tilted to a certain extent, it can be opened slowly by its own weight.

[0034] After the jacking cylinder 15 pushes the first movable door 1 open to a certain angle, the angle of the first movable door 1 is fixed by the jacking cylinder 15. Then, a lifting device is connected between the fixed plate 3 and the first movable door 1. The lifting device has a releaseable and retractable flexible lifting component. In this embodiment, a hand chain hoist 16 is used as the lifting device. The chain of the hand chain hoist 16 forms a flexible lifting component. The hand chain hoist 16 is low in cost and has a sufficiently long chain storage, which can fully meet the opening angle requirements of the movable door. At the same time, the hand chain hoist 16 is a commonly used device in engineering machinery and can lift objects with relatively large weights, which is more than enough to lift the movable door on the cutterhead. Furthermore, the hand chain hoist 16 is a purely mechanical operation, avoiding the safety hazards of using electric operation in environments with gas.

[0035] After the manual chain hoist 16 is installed, the push cylinder 15 is removed. Then, through the continuous release of the chain of the manual chain hoist 16, combined with the weight of the first movable door 1, the first movable door 1 is gradually opened. Figure 4As shown, the first movable door 1 is fully open when rotated 90 degrees to a horizontal position. Then, a locking device is installed between the first movable door 1 and the fixed plate 3 to lock the first movable door 1 in the open position.

[0036] In this embodiment, a first locking pin hole is provided on the first movable door 1, and a first opening locking hole and a first closing locking hole 14 are provided on the fixed plate body 3. Figure 1 As shown), the locking mechanism includes a first fixing pin 5. When the first movable door 1 is in the closed state, the first locking pin hole corresponds to the first closing locking hole 14. The first movable door 1 is locked by inserting the first fixing pin 5. Of course, the first fixing pin 5 must be removed before opening the first movable door 1. When the first movable door 1 is in the open state, the first locking pin hole corresponds to the first opening locking hole. The first movable door 1 is locked by inserting the first fixing pin 5, as shown. Figure 4 As shown. Simultaneously, when the first movable door 1 is in the open state, a first set screw 6 is installed on the first movable door 1, causing the first set screw 6 to press against the first fixing pin 5, thus locking it. Of course, the first set screw 6 can also be installed when the first movable door 1 is in the closed state to press against the first fixing pin 5. In other embodiments, the first set screw 6 can also be installed on the fixed disc 3, as long as it can press against the first fixing pin 5.

[0037] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, the locking mechanism also includes a support rod 9 connected between the first movable door 1 and the fixed plate 3 to support the first movable door 1. Specifically, spherical bearings are respectively provided at both ends of the support rod 9, and connecting seats, namely a first connecting seat 7 and a second connecting seat 8, are respectively installed on the first movable door 1 and the fixed plate 3. The two ends of the support rod 9 are respectively hinged to the first connecting seat 7 and the second connecting seat 8 through spherical bearings. At the same time, the distance from the connection position of the support rod 9 with the first movable door 1 to the hinge end of the first movable door 1 is less than the distance from the connection position of the hand chain hoist 16 with the first movable door 1 to the hinge end of the first movable door 1. This helps the support rod 9 to bear force, helps the hand chain hoist 16 to control the opening of the first movable door 1, and also facilitates the subsequent connection of the hand chain hoist 16 to the second movable door 2.

[0038] Then, by rotating the cutter head, the first movable door 1 is rotated to the upper part of the cutter head. At this time, the second movable door 2 rotates to the lower part of the cutter head, and the hinge end of the second movable door 2 is located above the movable end, as shown. Figure 5As shown. Then, the hand chain hoist 16 is removed and installed between the first movable door 1 and the second movable door 2. In this embodiment, the end of the hand chain hoist 16 originally connected to the fixed plate 3 (this end has an operating chain) is disconnected and connected to the first movable door 1, and the end of the hand chain hoist 16 originally connected to the first movable door 1 is disconnected and connected to the second movable door 2. This facilitates the operation of the hand chain hoist 16. Of course, in other embodiments, during the process of removing the hand chain hoist 16 and installing it between the first movable door 1 and the second movable door 2, only the connection between the hand chain hoist 16 and the fixed plate 3 can be removed, and the disconnected end of the hand chain hoist 16 can be directly connected to the second movable door 2.

[0039] After the 16-type chain hoist is installed, as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the second movable door 2 is then pulled up and gradually opened by the continuous retraction of the chain of the hand chain hoist 16, until it is fully opened as shown. Figure 6 As shown. In order to securely position the second movable door 2, the present invention provides a second locking pin hole on the second movable door 2, and provides a second opening locking hole and a second closing locking hole 13 on the fixed plate body 3. Figure 1 As shown), when the second movable door 2 is in the closed state, the second locking pin hole corresponds to the second closing locking hole 13. The second movable door 2 is locked by inserting the second fixing pin 11. Of course, the second fixing pin 11 must be removed before opening the second movable door 2. When the second movable door 2 is in the open state, the second locking pin hole corresponds to the second opening locking hole. The second movable door 2 is locked by inserting the second fixing pin 11, as shown. Figure 6 As shown.

[0040] At the same time, such as Figure 6 As shown, when the second movable door 2 is in the open state, a second set screw 12 is installed on the second movable door 2 to press against the second fixing pin 11 and lock it in place. Of course, when the second movable door 2 is in the closed state, the second set screw 12 can also be installed to press against the second fixing pin 11. Of course, in other embodiments, the second set screw 12 can also be installed on the fixed plate 3, as long as it can press against the second fixing pin 11.

[0041] In summary, this embodiment uses a hand chain hoist 16 instead of the separately configured hydraulic cylinder in the prior art. Only one set of hand chain hoist 16 is needed. After the first movable door 1 is fully opened, it is locked in the open state by a locking device, so that the hand chain hoist 16 can be removed to lift the second movable door 2. It makes full use of resources, which can not only meet the opening angle requirements of the movable door, but also withstand sufficient pulling force. It is safe, reliable, easy to configure, and has low configuration cost.

[0042] In other embodiments: pneumatic hoists or hydraulic hoists can also be used as lifting devices. Of course, if the gas concentration allows, electric hoists can also be used as lifting devices. In other embodiments, winches can also be used as lifting devices, in which case the flexible lifting component is a wire rope.

[0043] In other embodiments: when the second movable door is in the open or closed state, the second set screw may not be installed, and when the first movable door is in the open or closed state, the first set screw may not be installed. In this case, in order to prevent the fixing pin from coming off, a cotter pin or a snap ring may be installed on the pin. Of course, a bolt may also be used as the pin, in conjunction with a nut to achieve anti-loosening.

[0044] In other embodiments: when the second movable door is in the open state, its position can be maintained by a lifting device alone; when the second movable door is in the closed state, it can be held in place by an electromagnet.

[0045] In other embodiments: the first movable door can be locked in its open state using only the first fixed pin, or the first movable door can be locked in its open state using only the support rod.

[0046] In other embodiments: the distance from the connection point of the support rod and the first movable door to the hinge end of the first movable door can also be greater than or equal to the distance from the connection point of the lifting device and the first movable door to the hinge end of the first movable door, as long as the support rod and the lifting device do not interfere with each other.

[0047] In other embodiments: the two ends of the support rod can also be hinged to the connecting seat by ordinary pins. Of course, the two ends of the support rod can also be fixed with fixing plates respectively. The fixing plate at one end is directly fixed to the first movable door by bolts, and the fixing plate at the other end is directly fixed to the fixed plate body by bolts.

[0048] In other embodiments: when installing the push cylinder between the first movable door and the fixed plate, the lifting device is also installed at the same time. At this time, during the process of the push cylinder pushing open the first movable door, the flexible lifting component of the lifting device is released. After the first movable door is pushed open to a certain angle, the push cylinder can be removed directly.

[0049] In other embodiments: Before opening the first movable door, it is not necessary to install a jacking cylinder between the first movable door and the fixed plate, but a lifting device needs to be installed. In this case, a jacking device can be arranged on the rear side of the cutter head. The front end of the jacking device extends out and is only responsible for jacking the first movable door. Of course, the flexible lifting part of the lifting device needs to be released immediately. In other embodiments, if the movable door is not heavy, it can also be manually pushed by the operator from the rear. As long as it is pushed open to a certain angle, the first movable door can be slowly opened by its own weight.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for opening a double-door cutter head, characterized in that, First, the first movable door is rotated to the lower part of the cutter head by rotating the cutter head. At this time, the hinge end of the first movable door is located below the movable end. A lifting device is connected between the fixed plate of the cutter head and the first movable door. The first movable door is gradually opened by continuously releasing the flexible lifting component of the lifting device. After the first movable door is fully opened, a locking component is installed between the first movable door and the fixed plate to lock the open state of the first movable door. Then, the first movable door is rotated to the upper part of the cutter head by rotating the cutter head. At this time, the second movable door is rotated to the lower part of the cutter head, and the hinge end of the second movable door is located above the movable end. The lifting device is removed and installed between the first and second movable doors. The second movable door is then gradually opened by continuously retracting the flexible lifting component. Before opening the first movable door, a push cylinder is first installed between the first movable door and the fixed plate. The push cylinder pushes the first movable door open to a certain angle. Then, the push cylinder is removed. Subsequently, the first movable door is continued to open by continuously releasing the flexible lifting component.

2. The opening method of the double-door cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the push cylinder is installed between the first movable door and the fixed plate, the lifting device is also installed at the same time. At this time, when the push cylinder pushes open the first movable door, the flexible lifting part of the lifting device is released. After the first movable door is pushed open to a certain angle, the push cylinder can be removed directly.

3. The opening method of the double-door cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the push cylinder pushes the first movable door open to a certain angle, the angle of the first movable door is fixed by the push cylinder. Then, the lifting device is connected between the fixed plate and the first movable door. After the lifting device is installed, the push cylinder is removed.

4. The opening method of the double-door structure cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A support rod is used as a locking element to connect the first movable door and the fixed plate to support the first movable door.

5. The opening method of the double-door cutter head according to claim 4, characterized in that, A spherical bearing is installed at both ends of the support rod, and a connecting seat is installed on the first movable door and the fixed plate, so that both ends of the support rod are hinged to the connecting seat through the spherical bearing.

6. The opening method of the double-door cutter head according to claim 4, characterized in that, The distance from the connection point of the support rod to the first movable door to the hinge end of the first movable door is less than the distance from the connection point of the lifting device to the first movable door to the hinge end of the first movable door.

7. The method for opening the double-door cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A first locking pin hole is provided on the first movable door, and a first opening locking hole and a first closing locking hole are provided on the fixed plate. The locking component includes a first fixed pin. When the first movable door is in the closed state, the first locking pin hole corresponds to the first closing locking hole, and the first movable door is locked by inserting the first fixed pin. The first fixed pin must be removed before opening the first movable door. When the first movable door is in the open state, the first locking pin hole corresponds to the first opening locking hole, and the first movable door is locked by inserting the first fixed pin.

8. The opening method of the double-door cutter head according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the first movable door is in the open or closed state, a first set screw is installed on the first movable door or the fixed plate body to tighten the first fixed pin.

9. The method for opening the double-door cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A hand-operated chain hoist is used as the lifting device, and the chain of the hand-operated chain hoist forms a flexible lifting component.

10. The method for opening the double-door structure cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, During the process of removing the lifting device and installing it between the first and second movable doors, only the connection between the lifting device and the fixed plate is removed, and the removed end of the lifting device is directly connected to the second movable door.

11. The method for opening the double-door structure cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A second locking pin hole is provided on the second movable door, and a second opening locking hole and a second closing locking hole are provided on the fixed plate. When the second movable door is in the closed state, the second locking pin hole corresponds to the second closing locking hole, and the second movable door is locked by inserting the second fixed pin. The second fixed pin must be removed before opening the second movable door. When the second movable door is in the open state, the second locking pin hole corresponds to the second opening locking hole, and the second movable door is locked by inserting the second fixed pin.

12. The opening method of the double-door cutter head according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the second movable door is in the open or closed state, a second set screw is installed on the second movable door or the fixed plate to tighten the second fixed pin.

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