A fruit thinning method for preventing alternate bearing of Orah oranges

Abstract

The present invention provides a fruit thinning method for preventing alternate bearing of Wogan oranges, belonging to the technical field of fruit tree pruning. The present invention includes pruning and partial pruning; the pruning is for fruit trees with a large fruit load and difficult to sprout new shoots, selecting 1-2 relatively thick shoot branches for retraction, retracting to the position where all fruits on the selected shoot branches are removed or the position of the upper-level shoot branches; the partial pruning is for the fruiting branches that need to be thinned, and based on the position where the fruits are borne, the length, thickness (the middle thickness of the stem), the degree of oldness and tenderness, and the fruit load of the branches, the top part of the clustered fruit shoot branches is removed at one time from an appropriate position. The present invention can reduce the number of fruit thinning times, reduce the input of labor costs; shorten the fruit thinning time, promote the sprouting of new shoots, and improve the fruit yield and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree pruning, and particularly relates to a fruit thinning method for preventing alternate bearing of Orah oranges. Background Art

[0002] Orah oranges are hybrids of 'Temple' tangors and 'Dancy' tangerines, belonging to the broad - peel tangerine category and being medium - late - maturing hybrid citrus varieties. They have characteristics such as early fruiting and high yield, excellent fruit quality, and strong adaptability. In production, sweet oranges, red tangerines, trifoliate oranges, and trifoliate orange hybrids are often selected as rootstocks. Among them, Orah oranges grafted onto trifoliate oranges, trifoliate orange hybrids, and sweet oranges show obvious characteristics of early fruiting, high yield, and easy management, and are deeply loved by growers.

[0003] Most Orah orange orchards start to bear fruit 2 to 3 years after planting. However, due to the high yield of Orah oranges, the fruit - bearing amount is too large, resulting in insufficient nutrition for the fruits, not only the fruits being small and of poor commercial quality, but also as the fruits grow, most of the fruiting branches are broken due to being unable to bear the weight of too many fruits. In some orchards with poor management, 1 - 2 years after fruiting, there are problems such as the tree emitting a small number of weak and slender shoots or not emitting new shoots, the plant turning yellow, serious winter and spring leaf drop, an increase in dead branches, difficulty in expanding the tree crown, no fruiting in the following year, severe alternate bearing, reduced yield, deteriorated fruit quality, and rapid premature senescence of the tree vigor. In production, to alleviate the above contradictions, fruit thinning is often carried out repeatedly from the end of the second physiological fruit drop to March of the following year, removing excess fruits, diseased and insect - damaged fruits, secondary fruits, and small fruits to reduce the load on the fruit trees; and pruning is carried out in the upper and middle ten - days of August to promote the growth of autumn shoots, restore the tree vigor, and expand the tree crown.

[0004] However, the above - mentioned fruit thinning work not only requires a long cycle, with repeated fruit thinning and pruning, which is time - consuming and labor - intensive, but also a large number of fruits hanging on the tree for a long time, resulting in excessive depletion of the tree body's nutrition, difficulty in sprouting new shoots, slow recovery of the tree vigor, and being unfavorable for the expansion of the tree crown and the improvement of fruit quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fruit thinning method for preventing alternate bearing of Orah oranges, replacing fruit thinning with pruning, reducing the number of fruit thinning times, and reducing the labor cost input; shortening the fruit thinning time, promoting the growth of strong new shoots, and improving the fruit yield and quality.

[0006] To achieve the above - mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fruit thinning method for preventing alternate bearing of Wogan oranges, including pruning and partial pruning; the pruning includes: for fruit trees with a large fruit load and difficult to sprout new shoots, select 1-2 relatively thick branch tips for retraction, retracting to the position where all fruits on the selected branch tips are removed or the position of the upper-level branch tips; the partial pruning includes: for fruiting branches with fruits growing on spring shoots at a fruiting position exceeding 8 cm and fruits growing on autumn shoots at a fruiting position exceeding 30 cm, remove all fruits; for fruiting branches with fruits growing within 8 cm of spring shoots, short-prune and retain 1-2 fruits; for fruiting branches with fruits growing within 30 cm of autumn shoots, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is <0.4 cm, short-prune and retain 0-1 fruit, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.4-0.6 cm, short-prune and retain 2-3 fruits, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.6-0.8 cm, short-prune and retain 3-4 fruits, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.8-1.2 cm, short-prune and retain 4-6 fruits.

[0008] Preferably, when thinning fruits on trees in the 1st - 2nd year of fruiting, retain 150 - 200 fruits per plant according to the tree vigor; when thinning fruits on trees in the 3rd - 4th year of fruiting, retain 250 - 300 fruits per plant according to the tree vigor.

[0009] Preferably, when thinning fruits, mainly remove the top fruits and peripheral fruits, and from the overall perspective of the tree body, ensure that new shoots sprout in the upper and middle parts of different orientations of the tree body.

[0010] Preferably, it is carried out from the second physiological fruit drop of Wogan oranges until the end of autumn pruning; more preferably, thin fruits when the diameter of Wogan orange fruits is 2 - 3 cm, and complete fruit thinning in the same orchard within 5 - 7 days.

[0011] Preferably, carry out fertilization management, and respectively top-dress flower-promoting fertilizer, flower and fruit protection fertilizer, and strong shoot fertilizer.

[0012] More preferably, the flower-promoting fertilizer is top-dressed when the spring flowers show white, foliar spray 0.1% - 0.2% borax + 0.2% - 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 times, and root top-dress 1.0% - 1.5% fulvic acid potassium + 0.18 - 0.2 kg calcium fertilizer.

[0013] More preferably, the flower and fruit protection fertilizer is top-dressed for the first time when 70% - 80% of the flowers have withered, spray 0.1% - 0.2% borax + 0.2% - 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 1.0 - 2.0 mg / L benzylaminopurine + 10 - 15 ppm gibberellic acid; top-dress for the second time after all the flowers have withered, spray 10% amino acid 1500 - 2000 times + 100 g / L calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, manganese, iron fertilizer 1500 - 2000 times + 0.01% brassinolide 1500 - 2000 times + 10 - 15 ppm gibberellic acid.

[0014] More preferably, the shoot-strengthening fertilizer is applied to the roots after fruit thinning, with 150-400g / plant of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium triple compound fertilizer + 10-30g / plant of urea + 3-8g / plant of potassium humate; when the new shoots grow to 5-8cm, spray 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice.

[0015] Preferably, pest control is carried out; more preferably, the method comprises: after thinning the fruits, spraying 80% mancozeb at 600-800 times or 80% copper oxychloride at 600-800 times; after the new shoots grow to more than 0.5 cm, spraying one or more of 25% thiamethoxam at 5000-6000 times or 1.8% lambda-cyhalothrin at 1000-1500 times or 80% mancozeb at 600-800 times.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a fruit thinning method for preventing the alternate bearing of Wogan oranges. The pruning method uses shearing instead of thinning, which, on the one hand, reduces the number of fruit thinning and minimizes the input of labor costs, saving more than 50% of labor costs per acre of fruit thinning; on the other hand, the pruning technology is used to shorten the fruit thinning time, reduce the damage to the tree body, allow the tree body to recover in a shorter time, and promote the growth of high-quality new shoots; since fruits are pruned off from some branches and shoots, the nutrient supply to the fruits is reduced, the nutrient loss is reduced, and a large amount of nutrients are available for the growth of the tree body, and the short pruning stimulates the nutrient growth of the branches. After the nutrients are replenished in time, the short-pruned branches can recover quickly and grow strong new shoots, thereby preventing the premature aging of the Wogan oranges, thereby improving the yield and quality of the fruits and helping to expand the tree crown to ensure the yield next year. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention provides a fruit thinning method for preventing alternate-year fruit bearing in Wogan oranges, which uses pruning instead of thinning, including full branch pruning and partial pruning. The full branch pruning includes: for fruit trees with a large amount of fruit but difficulty in sprouting new shoots, selecting 1-2 relatively thick branches and retracting them to the position where all fruits on the selected branches have been pruned or to the position of the upper-level branches; the partial pruning includes: the fruit bearing on the fruiting part of the spring shoot is more than 8 cm and the fruit bearing on the fruiting part of the autumn shoot is more than 30 cm. For fruiting branches that are more than 1 cm in diameter, cut off all fruits; for fruiting branches whose fruit-bearing part is within 8 cm of the spring shoots, short pruning should retain 1-2 fruits; for fruiting branches whose fruit-bearing part is within 30 cm of the autumn shoots, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is less than 0.4 cm, short pruning should retain 0-1 fruit; if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.4-0.6 cm, short pruning should retain 2-3 fruits; if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.6-0.8 cm, short pruning should retain 3-4 fruits; if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.8-1.2 cm, short pruning should retain 4-6 fruits.

[0019] Preferably, the branches and shoots to be pruned are in different orientations in the present invention. Further preferably, as many leaves as possible are retained during pruning to promote the sprouting of new shoots after pruning and expand the tree crown.

[0020] Preferably, when thinning fruits on the trees in the first and second years of bearing fruits in the present invention, 150 - 200 fruits per plant are retained according to the tree vigor. Further preferably, 175 fruits per plant are retained; when thinning fruits on the trees in the third and fourth years of bearing fruits, 250 - 300 fruits per plant are retained according to the tree vigor. Further preferably, 275 fruits per plant are retained.

[0021] Preferably, when thinning fruits, the top fruits and outer fruits are mainly removed. Starting from the overall tree body, it is ensured that new shoots sprout in the upper and middle parts of different orientations of the tree body; further preferably, if the fruit bearing of the whole plant is uneven and the fruiting branches are concentrated in some orientations, the upper branches in the orientations with a large amount of fruits and no new shoots are selected for appropriate pruning and fruit thinning.

[0022] Preferably, the present invention is carried out from the second physiological fruit drop of Wogan to before the autumn pruning; further preferably, fruit thinning is carried out when the diameter of Wogan fruits is 2 - 3 cm (fruit swelling period). The fruit thinning in the same orchard is completed within 5 - 7 days to facilitate the management during the shoot period.

[0023] Preferably, fertilization management is carried out on Wogan, and flower-promoting fertilizer, flower and fruit protection fertilizer and shoot-strengthening fertilizer are topdressed respectively:

[0024] Further preferably, the flower-promoting fertilizer is topdressed when the spring flowers show white to ensure the quality and quality of flowering. Borax 0.1% - 0.2% + potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2% - 0.3% is sprayed on the leaf surface 2 times to quickly supplement boron fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, improve the quality of flowers, and promote the pollination of citrus. Potassium fulvate 1.0% - 1.5% + 0.18 - 0.2 kg calcium fertilizer is topdressed at the root to promote the growth of roots; more preferably, borax 0.15% + potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25% is sprayed on the leaf surface 2 times, with an interval of 10 - 15 days between the two times, and potassium fulvate 1.25% + 0.19 kg calcium fertilizer is topdressed at the root.

[0025] It is further preferably to topdress the flower and fruit protection fertilizer for the first time when 70%-80% of the flowers have withered, spraying 0.1%-0.2% borax + 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 1.0-2.0 mg / L benzylaminopurine + 10-15 ppm gibberellic acid, and more preferably spraying 0.15% borax + 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 1.5 mg / L benzylaminopurine + 12.5 ppm gibberellic acid; topdress for the second time after the flowers have completely withered, spraying 1500-2000 times of 10% amino acid + 1500-2000 times of 100 g / L calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, manganese and iron fertilizer + 1500-2000 times of 0.01% brassinolide + 10-15 ppm gibberellic acid. Amino acids can increase the chlorophyll content and promote the photosynthesis of plants. Calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, manganese and iron elements form the cytoskeleton of fruit cells. Brassinolide can improve the photosynthesis efficiency, regulate the balance of tree nutrition, promote the directional transport of nutrients to young fruits, the transfer from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, meet the nutrient requirements of young fruits during growth, promote the greening of young fruits, reduce the fruit drop rate, increase the fruit setting rate. Gibberellic acid inhibits the formation of abscisic acid and reduces fruit drop. The combined application ensures a sufficient fruit yield and sufficient fruit hanging amount at the required parts, which is beneficial to subsequent fruit thinning; more preferably spraying 1500-2000 times of 10% amino acid + 1500-2000 times of 100 g / L calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, manganese and iron fertilizer + 1500-2000 times of 0.01% brassinolide + 12.5 ppm gibberellic acid.

[0026] It is further preferably to apply the strong shoot fertilizer by root dressing after fruit thinning is completed, which should not only meet the needs of rapid fruit growth but also the growth of new shoots, applying 150-400 g / plant of ternary compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium + 10-30 g / plant of urea + 3-8 g / plant of potassium humate; more preferably for fruit trees aged 1-2 years before production with a yield of 2000 kg per mu, applying 150-200 g / plant of ternary compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium + 10-15 g / plant of urea + 3.0-4.3 g / plant of potassium humate; for fruit trees over 3 years after production with a yield of over 3000 kg per mu, applying 300-400 g / plant of ternary compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium + 25-30 g / plant of urea + 6.5-8 g / plant of potassium humate. As an implementable way, the ternary compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is a balanced compound fertilizer with an effective content of 15-15-15. The present invention further preferably sprays 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice when the new shoots grow to 5-8 cm, and more preferably sprays 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice when the new shoots grow to 5-8 cm.

[0027] The preferred ponkan of the present invention also conducts pest and disease control; further preferably including: after fruit thinning, spraying 600 - 800 times of 80% mancozeb or 600 - 800 times of 80% copper oxychloride, more preferably spraying 700 times of 80% mancozeb or 700 times of 80% copper oxychloride; further preferably, after the new shoots grow to more than 0.5 cm, spraying one or several of 5000 - 6000 times of 25% thiamethoxam or 1000 - 1500 times of 1.8% beta-cyfluthrin or 600 - 800 times of 80% mancozeb, more preferably spraying one or several of 4500 times of 25% thiamethoxam or 1250 times of 1.8% beta-cyfluthrin or 700 times of 80% mancozeb for comprehensive control.

[0028] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A fruit thinning method for preventing alternate bearing of ponkan includes the following steps:

[0031] (1) When the 34-month-old ponkan tries to bear fruit, at the time when the spring flower buds show white, spray 0.15% borax + 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaf surface, spray the second time after an interval of 13 days, and at the same time top-dress 1.25% fulvic acid potassium + 0.19 kg of calcium fertilizer at the roots;

[0032] (2) When 70% - 80% of the flowers have withered, spray 0.15% borax + 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 1.5 mg / L benzylaminopurine + 12.5 ppm gibberellic acid; after all the flowers have withered, spray 1750 times of 10% amino acid + 1750 times of 100 g / L calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, manganese and iron fertilizer + 1750 times of 0.01% brassinolide + 12.5 ppm gibberellic acid;

[0033] (3) Start fruit thinning after the end of the second physiological fruit drop. For the fruit trees in the orchard that are difficult to sprout new shoots due to a large amount of fruit hanging, select 1 - 2 relatively thick branch tips in different directions for retraction, retract to the position where all the fruits on the selected branch tips are cut off or the position of the upper-level branch tips, and at the same time try to retain as many leaves as possible to promote the sprouting of new shoots after cutting and expand the tree crown; for the fruit branches with the fruit-bearing part on the spring shoots exceeding 8 cm and the fruit-bearing part on the autumn shoots exceeding 30 cm, cut off all the fruits; for the fruit branches with the fruit-bearing part within 8 cm of the spring shoots, short-cut and retain 1 - 2 fruits; for the fruit branches with the fruit-bearing part within 30 cm of the autumn shoots, if the diameter of the fruit branch < 0.4 cm, short-cut and retain 0 - 1 fruit, if the diameter of the fruit branch is 0.4 - 0.6 cm, short-cut and retain 2 - 3 fruits, if the diameter of the fruit branch is 0.6 - 0.8 cm, short-cut and retain 3 - 4 fruits, if the diameter of the fruit branch is 0.8 - 1.2 cm, short-cut and retain 4 - 6 fruits;

[0034] (4) After fruit thinning is completed, apply 200 g / plant of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium + 15 g / plant of urea + 4.3 g / plant of fulvic acid potassium to the roots; promptly spray fungicides, 700 times of 80% copper oxychloride or 700 times of 80% mancozeb;

[0035] (5) When the new shoots grow to 5-8 cm, spray 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice; rotate and spray with 5000 times of 25% thiamethoxam, 1250 times of 1.8% beta-cypermethrin, and 700 times of 80% mancozeb for prevention and control.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A fruit thinning method for preventing alternate bearing of Wogan oranges, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) When the 28-month-old Wogan oranges attempt to bear fruit, at the time when the spring flowers show white, spray 0.1% borax + 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaf surface, spray the second time after 15 days, and at the same time top-dress 1.0% fulvic acid potassium + 0.18 kg of calcium fertilizer to the roots;

[0039] (2) When 70%-80% of the flowers have withered, spray 0.1% borax + 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 1.0 mg / L 6-benzylaminopurine + 10 ppm gibberellic acid; after all the flowers have withered completely, spray 2000 times of 10% amino acid + 2000 times of 100 g / L calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, manganese and iron fertilizer + 2000 times of 0.01% brassinolide + 10 ppm gibberellic acid;

[0040] (3) Start fruit thinning after the second physiological fruit drop is completed. For the fruit trees in the orchard that are difficult to sprout new shoots due to a large amount of fruit hanging, select 1-2 relatively thick branch tips in different directions for retraction, retract to the position where all the fruits on the selected branch tips are cut off or the position of the upper-level branch tips, and at the same time try to retain as many leaves as possible to promote the sprouting of new shoots after cutting and expand the canopy; for the fruiting branches where the fruit-bearing part exceeds 8 cm above the spring shoots and exceeds 30 cm above the autumn shoots, cut off all the fruits; for the fruiting branches where the fruit-bearing part is within 8 cm of the spring shoots, short cut and retain 1-2 fruits; for the fruiting branches where the fruit-bearing part is within 30 cm of the autumn shoots, if the diameter of the fruiting branch < 0.4 cm, short cut and retain 0-1 fruit, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.4-0.6 cm, short cut and retain 2-3 fruits, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.6-0.8 cm, short cut and retain 3-4 fruits, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.8-1.2 cm, short cut and retain 4-6 fruits;

[0041] (4) After fruit thinning is completed, apply 150 g / plant of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium + 10 g / plant of urea + 3.0 g / plant of fulvic acid potassium to the roots; promptly spray fungicides, 800 times of 80% copper oxychloride or 800 times of 80% mancozeb;

[0042] When the new shoots grow to 5 - 8 cm, spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice; alternately spray for prevention and control with 5500 - fold of 25% thiamethoxam, 1500 - fold of 1.8% beta - cyfluthrin, and 800 - fold of 80% mancozeb.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A fruit - thinning method for preventing alternate - bearing of Wogan oranges, comprising the following steps:

[0045] (1) For 3 - year - old bearing - starting Wogan oranges, when the spring flowers show white, spray 0.2% borax + 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaf surface, spray the second time after an interval of 10 days, and at the same time, top - dress 1.5% fulvic acid potassium + 0.2 kg of calcium fertilizer at the roots;

[0046] (2) When 70% - 80% of the flowers have withered, spray 0.2% borax + 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 2.0 mg / L benzylaminopurine + 15 ppm gibberellic acid; after all the flowers have withered completely, spray 1500 - fold of 10% amino acid + 1500 - fold of 100 g / L calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, manganese, and iron fertilizer + 1500 - fold of 0.01% brassinolide + 15 ppm gibberellic acid;

[0047] (3) Start fruit - thinning after the end of the second physiological fruit - drop. For fruit trees in the orchard that are difficult to sprout new shoots due to a large fruit - bearing amount, select 1 - 2 relatively thick shoot branches in different directions for retraction, retract to the position where all the fruits on the selected shoot branches are cut off or the position of the upper - level shoot branches, and at the same time, try to retain as many leaves as possible to promote the sprouting of new shoots after cutting, and expand the canopy; for the fruiting branches where the fruit - bearing position exceeds 8 cm above the spring shoots and exceeds 30 cm above the autumn shoots, cut off all the fruits; for the fruiting branches where the fruit - bearing position is within 8 cm of the spring shoots, short - cut and retain 1 - 2 fruits; for the fruiting branches where the fruit - bearing position is within 30 cm of the autumn shoots, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is < 0.4 cm, short - cut and retain 0 - 1 fruit, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.4 - 0.6 cm, short - cut and retain 2 - 3 fruits, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.6 - 0.8 cm, short - cut and retain 3 - 4 fruits, if the diameter of the fruiting branch is 0.8 - 1.2 cm, short - cut and retain 4 - 6 fruits;

[0048] (4) After fruit - thinning, apply 400 g / plant of nitrogen - phosphorus - potassium compound fertilizer (15 - 15 - 15) + 30 g / plant of urea + 8 g / plant of fulvic acid potassium at the roots; promptly spray 600 - fold of 80% copper oxychloride or 600 - fold of 80% mancozeb as a fungicide;

[0049] (5) When the new shoots grow to 5 - 8 cm, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice; alternately spray for prevention and control with 6000 - fold of 25% thiamethoxam, 1000 - fold of 1.8% beta - cyfluthrin, and 600 - fold of 80% mancozeb.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] Effects of Different Fruit Thinning Methods on the Growth, Yield and Economic Benefits of Wogan Oranges

[0052] The selected test plot is located in Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, with a total area of 200 mu and a tree age of 4 years. In the second year of production, 15 mu of land with the same slope aspect, growth vigor, size and fertility was selected for the experiment. It was divided into a treatment group and a control group of 2. Each treatment had 3 replicates, and each replicate had 2 mu. The experiment started from the early stage of flower bud swelling until the fruit matured in the following year. Data was investigated before fruit harvest. For each replicate, 12 representative fruit trees in the middle were selected to measure the plant height and crown width. The fruits on the trees were collected and sorted using a small sorting line at the base to count the proportion of fruits at each level, and it was continuously observed for 2 years.

[0053] Treatment group: Pruning instead of thinning: According to the fruit thinning method of Example 1, at the end of the second physiological fruit drop, the fruit thinning method of pruning instead of thinning was adopted. Weak branches and fruits on overlong branches were pruned off, and peripheral fruit branches and top fruit branches were removed.

[0054] Control: Manual fruit thinning was adopted, with fruit thinning carried out 3 times. The first time was at the end of the second physiological fruit drop, and for branches with excessive fruits, fruit thinning was carried out, retaining 7 - 8 fruits; the second time was during the fruit swelling period, removing excess fruits, mottled fruits, diseased and insect - damaged fruits; the third time of fruit thinning was during the color - turning period, removing excess fruits, sun - burned fruits, small fruits, deformed fruits and mottled fruits.

[0055] Test results:

[0056] As can be seen from Table 1, using the fruit thinning method of "pruning instead of thinning" of the present invention for Wogan oranges has less labor cost input and is beneficial to expanding the tree crown. The Wogan oranges are superior to the control group in terms of plant height and crown width; it also increases the yield of Wogan oranges, with a high single - fruit weight and a large proportion of fruits with a fruit diameter of more than 65 mm, and the average mu income is significantly higher than that of the control manual fruit thinning method.

[0057] Table 1 Growth, Yield and Economic Benefits of Wogan Oranges with Different Fruit Thinning Methods

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] The above - mentioned are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fruit thinning method for preventing alternate bearing of Orah oranges, characterized in that, Including whole-branch pruning and partial pruning; The whole-branch pruning includes: for fruit trees with a large amount of fruit hanging and difficult to sprout new shoots, select 1-2 relatively thick shoot branches for retraction, retracting to the position where all fruits on the selected shoot branches are removed or the position of the upper-level shoot branches; The partial pruning includes: for fruit branches with fruits borne on spring shoots with a fruiting part exceeding 8 cm and fruits borne on autumn shoots with a fruiting part exceeding 30 cm, cut off all fruits; for fruit branches with the fruit-bearing part within 8 cm of the current spring shoots, short-prune and retain 1-2 fruits; for fruit branches with the fruit-bearing part within 30 cm of the autumn shoots, if the diameter of the fruit branch is <0.4 cm, short-prune and retain 0-1 fruit, if the diameter of the fruit branch is 0.4-0.6 cm, short-prune and retain 2-3 fruits, if the diameter of the fruit branch is 0.6-0.8 cm, short-prune and retain 3-4 fruits, if the diameter of the fruit branch is 0.8-1.2 cm, short-prune and retain 4-6 fruits.

2. The fruit thinning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When thinning fruits for trees in the 1st-2nd year of fruiting, retain 150-200 fruits per plant according to the tree vigor; when thinning fruits for trees in the 3rd-4th year of fruiting, retain 250-300 fruits per plant according to the tree vigor.

3. The fruit thinning method according to claim 1, wherein, When thinning fruits, mainly cut off the top fruits and peripheral fruits, and starting from the overall tree body, ensure that new shoots sprout in the upper and middle parts of different orientations of the tree body.

4. The fruit thinning method according to claim 1, wherein, It is carried out from the second physiological fruit drop of Wogan to the end of autumn pruning.

5. The fruit thinning method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Thin fruits when the diameter of Wogan fruits is 2-3 cm, and complete fruit thinning in the same orchard within 5-7 days.

6. The fruit thinning method according to claim 1, wherein Carry out fertilization management, and respectively top-dress flower-promoting fertilizer, flower and fruit protection fertilizer and strong shoot fertilizer.

7. The fruit thinning method according to claim 6, wherein The flower-promoting fertilizer is top-dressed when the spring flowers show white, foliar spray 0.1%-0.2% borax + 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 times, and root top-dress 1.0%-1.5% fulvic acid potassium + 0.18-0.2 kg calcium fertilizer.

8. The fruit thinning method according to claim 6, wherein The flower and fruit protection fertilizer is top-dressed for the first time when 70%-80% of the flowers wither, spray 0.1%-0.2% borax + 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 1.0-2.0 mg / L benzylaminopurine + 10-15 ppm gibberellic acid; top-dress for the second time after the flowers wither completely, spray 10% amino acid 1500-2000 times + 100 g / L calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, manganese and iron fertilizer 1500-2000 times + 0.01% brassinolide 1500-2000 times + 10-15 ppm gibberellic acid.

9. The fruit thinning method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The strong shoot fertilizer is root-applied after fruit thinning, 150-400 g / plant of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer + 10-30 g / plant of urea + 3-8 g / plant of fulvic acid potassium; when the new shoots grow to 5-8 cm, spray 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 times.

10. The fruit thinning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Carry out pest and disease control, including: after fruit thinning, spray 600-800 times of 80% mancozeb or 600-800 times of 80% copper oxychloride; after the new shoots grow to more than 0.5 cm, spray one or several of 5000-6000 times of 25% thiamethoxam or 1000-1500 times of 1.8% beta-cypermethrin or 600-800 times of 80% mancozeb.

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