A multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system based on machine vision

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of based on machine vision multi-direction intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and fire extinguishing system, including monitoring system, data storage system, communication network, data analysis and feedback system, remote control system, fire extinguishing system, alarm system, data analysis and feedback system are respectively connected with monitoring system, data storage system, remote control system, alarm system between communication network and establish data connection, while remote control system is also respectively electrically connected with monitoring system, data storage system, communication network, data analysis and feedback system, fire extinguishing system, alarm system between.The fire extinguishing method includes three steps of system configuration, fire monitoring and fire rescue.The present application can accurately realize the accurate monitoring identification of fire hazard, fire source and fire field distribution range on the one hand;On the other hand, by synchronous acquisition of fire scene data, the fire field personnel and material rescue scheme, fire escape route and fire extinguishing scheme can be accurately obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing system for detecting and extinguishing fires in high-rise buildings, and its application method, belonging to the field of fire protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] A fire detector is a device that monitors abnormal data to determine whether a fire has occurred. It has the functions of detecting fires and reporting fires. There are many types of fire detectors on the market, but current traditional fire detectors can only alarm when a fire occurs. After receiving the alarm, the control center notifies staff, who then rush to the scene, which takes too long and misses the optimal time for fire fighting and rescue in urban areas. Furthermore, current detectors cannot effectively collect data from the fire scene, resulting in rescuers being unable to obtain timely information about the fire situation and thus unable to formulate accurate rescue plans, seriously affecting the efficiency and safety of rescue work. In addition, traditional fire alarm devices often only perform simple alarm functions and lack the necessary coordination capabilities with the fire protection system. This means that when a fire occurs, the building's fire protection system cannot carry out precise firefighting operations according to the fire situation. For example, regardless of the cause of the fire, building fire protection systems often use direct spraying of fire-fighting water to extinguish it. However, this method has significant limitations. In cases involving fires caused by fuel oil or other media, direct spraying of fire-fighting water not only fails to provide fire relief but may even further increase the fire's damage.

[0003] Therefore, in view of this situation, there is an urgent need to develop a brand-new fire rescue system to meet the needs of actual use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing system and method for high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing, thereby overcoming the above deficiencies and meeting the needs of actual equipment operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] A machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system includes a monitoring system, a data storage system, a communication network, a data analysis and feedback system, a remote control system, a fire extinguishing system, and an alarm system. The data analysis and feedback system establishes data connections with the monitoring system, data storage system, remote control system, and alarm system through the communication network. The remote control system is also electrically connected to the monitoring system, data storage system, communication network, data analysis and feedback system, fire extinguishing system, and alarm system. Several monitoring systems, fire extinguishing systems, and alarm systems are distributed throughout the building to be monitored. Each monitoring system location includes at least one fire extinguishing system and at least one alarm system. The fire extinguishing system and monitoring system are located at least 1 meter above the ground, and their axes form an angle of 45°–90° with the horizontal plane.

[0007] Furthermore, the monitoring system includes an optical image detection module, a sound detection module, a flue gas detection module, a closed space pressure monitoring module, a temperature and humidity sensor, a protective cover, a bracket, a built-in backup power supply, wiring terminals, a wireless communication circuit, and a control circuit. The protective cover is a closed cavity structure connected to the building via the bracket. The closed space pressure monitoring module is located inside the protective cover and is distributed parallel to the axis of the protective cover. The optical image detection module is embedded in the upper surface of the protective cover and is coaxially distributed with the protective cover. At least two sound detection modules are embedded inside the protective cover and located below the optical image detection modules. Each sound detection module is evenly distributed around the axis of the protective cover, and the sidewall of the protective cover corresponding to each sound detection module has several sound transmission holes. The flue gas detection module is located outside the protective cover and is connected to the outer side of the protective cover. The protective cover is connected to the surface of the protective cover. At least two temperature and humidity sensors are provided, with at least one temperature and humidity sensor on the outer side of the protective cover and another temperature and humidity sensor on the outer side of the closed space pressure monitoring module. The built-in backup power supply, wireless communication circuit, and control circuit are all located inside the protective cover and connected to the bottom of the protective cover. At least one terminal block is provided and embedded in the lower end face of the protective cover. The control circuit is electrically connected to the optical image detection module, sound detection module, smoke detection module, closed space pressure monitoring module, temperature and humidity sensor, built-in backup power supply, terminal block, and wireless communication circuit. At the same time, it is also connected to the data analysis and feedback system and remote control system via wires through the terminal block, and a data connection is established between the data analysis and feedback system and remote control system via the wireless communication circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, the optical image detection module includes a gimbal, a semiconductor photodetector, and a high-speed camera. The lower end face of the gimbal is embedded in the upper end face of the protective cover, while the upper end face of the gimbal is located outside the protective cover. The upper end face of the gimbal is connected to both the semiconductor photodetector and the high-speed camera. The semiconductor photodetector and the high-speed camera are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the gimbal axis, and are hinged to the protective cover via the gimbal. The optical axes of the semiconductor photodetector and the high-speed camera form an angle of 0°–180° with the axis of the protective cover. The gimbal, semiconductor photodetector, and high-speed camera are all electrically connected to the control circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the enclosed space pressure monitoring module includes heat exchange fins, a monitoring chamber, heat exchange tubes, a guide pipe, a duct fan, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a control valve. The monitoring chamber is a cavity structure and is enclosed by at least one heat exchange tube. Both ends of the heat exchange tube are located outside the monitoring chamber, and the axis of the heat exchange tube is parallel to the axis of the monitoring chamber. The lower end face of the heat exchange tube is located outside the lower end face of the protective cover, and the upper end face is located outside the upper end face of the protective cover. A duct fan is coaxially distributed at the lower end face of the heat exchange tube. Several heat exchange fins are included, each for heat exchange... The fins are all rectangular grid structures. Some heat exchange fins are located inside the monitoring chamber and are connected to the inner side of the monitoring chamber and the outer side of the heat exchange tube, respectively. Other heat exchange fins are located outside the monitoring chamber and are connected to the outer side of the monitoring chamber and the inner side of the protective cover, respectively. The inner diameter of the monitoring chamber is at least three times the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube. A pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are installed inside the monitoring chamber. An air duct is located at the top of the monitoring chamber and is connected to a control valve. The induced draft fan, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and control valve are all electrically connected to the control circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the control circuit is a circuit system based on an FPGA chip. The control circuit also includes a data communication bus and a signal processing circuit, wherein the signal processing circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit through the data communication bus.

[0011] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing system includes a reinforcing mesh, fire-fighting spiral sprinklers, fire water pipes, diversion branch pipes, air ducts, a carbon dioxide storage tank, a fireproof roller shutter door, a storage trough, a control valve, and a multi-way valve. At least one fire water pipe is connected to the building via a connecting mechanism, and each fire water pipe is further reinforced with a layer of mesh covering it. Each fire water pipe is connected to several fire-fighting spiral sprinklers via diversion branch pipes. One end of each diversion branch pipe is connected to the fire water pipe via a control valve, and the other end is connected to one fire-fighting spiral sprinkler and one air duct via a three-way valve. The air duct is also connected to the carbon dioxide storage tank via a control valve. The carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the building via a connecting mechanism. Several fireproof roller shutter doors and storage troughs are provided, each connected to a building. The storage trough is connected to both the floor and walls of the building. The storage trough includes a support base, a support wall, a connecting slide rail, a bracket, and a pressure... The sensor includes a support base connected to and parallel to the ground plane. The upper surface of the support base is connected to the support wall, forming an "L" shape. The rear end face of the support wall is connected to and parallel to the building wall. The front end face of the support wall is provided with at least two connecting slide rails perpendicular to the upper end face of the support base. The connecting slide rails are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the support wall. The bracket is a groove-shaped structure with a cross-section of any one of the shapes of "U", "T", or "L". The axis of the bracket is parallel to the upper end face of the support base, and the rear end face is slidably connected to the support wall through the connecting slide rails. There are at least two brackets, each distributed along a direction perpendicular to the upper end face of the support base. The support base also has at least one storage cavity. At least one pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of the bracket groove and the bottom of the storage cavity. The fireproof roller shutter door, control valve, multi-way valve, and pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the remote control system.

[0012] Furthermore, the data storage system adopts a network-based data storage method, employs a Storage Area Network (SAN), and utilizes a high-end RAID array; the communication network includes any one or a combination of wireless communication networks and wired communication networks; the remote control system is any one or a combination of PC computers, industrial computers, and mobile communication terminals; the data analysis and feedback system is a network server based on any one or a combination of big data platforms, cloud computing platforms, and artificial neural network platforms; the alarm system includes, but is not limited to, speakers, indicator lights, buzzers, and directional signs.

[0013] A method for a machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing system for high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing includes the following steps:

[0014] S1, System Configuration: First, the building's structural drawings are acquired. Then, based on these drawings, various monitoring systems, fire extinguishing systems, and alarm systems are installed within the building. These systems effectively cover key fire monitoring nodes and are connected to the building's fire protection piping system. Simultaneously, a computer room is constructed within the building, housing a data storage system, a data analysis and feedback system, and a remote control system. These systems are then networked via a communication network to create a fire protection network.

[0015] S2, Fire Monitoring, involves a remote control system that continuously and stably drives the monitoring system, data storage system, and data analysis and feedback system during normal building operation and use. The monitoring system continuously monitors the building's internal environment for fire hazards and transmits the data to the data analysis and feedback system via a communication network. The data analysis and feedback system analyzes the data to determine the building's operational status and monitors fire hazards and the entire fire process, evaluating optimal escape routes and fire rescue plans. When a fire hazard or ignition point is detected, the alarm system sounds a fire alarm at the ignition point and in surrounding buildings; simultaneously, alarm data is sent to the data analysis and feedback system via the communication network. Finally, all collected data is stored and archived through the data storage system.

[0016] S3, Fire Rescue: Upon detection of a fire, the fire extinguishing system is activated directly to begin firefighting operations. Then, the data analysis and feedback system, based on the environmental data of the fire source and its distribution within the building monitored by various systems, determines the fire rescue path and plan. It also develops a fire control and extinguishing operation plan. Finally, the overall building rescue is carried out according to the established plan.

[0017] The system structure of this invention is versatile and has strong scalability, effectively meeting the needs of various types and structures of buildings. In use, it can accurately monitor and identify fire hazards, fire sources, and the distribution range of the fire scene, and promptly issue alarms, while simultaneously extinguishing the fire source or controlling the fire in the first instance. On the other hand, by synchronously collecting data from the fire scene, it can accurately obtain rescue plans for personnel and materials at the fire scene, fire escape routes, and fire extinguishing plans, thereby greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of fire rescue and effectively reducing the direct and indirect harm caused by fire. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system structure;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the optical image detection module;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a fire extinguishing system;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the method of using the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 4, a machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system includes a monitoring system 101, a data storage system 102, a communication network 103, a data analysis and feedback system 104, a remote control system 105, a fire extinguishing system 106, and an alarm system 107. The data analysis and feedback system 104 establishes data connections with the monitoring system 101, the data storage system 102, the remote control system 105, and the alarm system 107 via the communication network 103. Simultaneously, the remote control system 105 is also connected to the monitoring system 101, the data storage system 102, and the communication network. 103. The data analysis and feedback system 104, the fire extinguishing system 106, and the alarm system 107 are electrically connected. At the same time, there are several monitoring systems 101, fire extinguishing systems 106, and alarm systems 107. Each monitoring system 101, fire extinguishing system 106, and alarm system 107 is evenly distributed in the building to be monitored. At the same time, each monitoring system 101 is equipped with at least one fire extinguishing system 106 and at least one alarm system 107. The fire extinguishing system 106 and the monitoring system 107 are located at least 1 meter above the ground plane, and the axes of the fire extinguishing system 106 and the monitoring system 107 form an angle of 45° to 90° with the horizontal plane.

[0026] In this embodiment, the monitoring system 101 includes an optical image detection module 1, a sound detection module 2, a flue gas detection module 3, a closed space pressure monitoring module 4, a temperature and humidity sensor 5, a protective cover 6, a bracket 7, a built-in backup power supply 8, wiring terminals 9, a wireless communication circuit 10, and a control circuit 11. The protective cover 6 is a closed cavity structure connected to the building via the bracket 7. The closed space pressure monitoring module 5 is located inside the protective cover 6 and is distributed parallel to the axis of the protective cover 6. The optical image detection module 1 is embedded in the upper surface of the protective cover 6 and is coaxially distributed with the protective cover 6. At least two sound detection modules 2 are embedded inside the protective cover 6 and located below the optical image detection module 1. Each sound detection module 2 is evenly distributed around the axis of the protective cover 6, and the sidewall of the protective cover 6 corresponding to each sound detection module 2 has several sound transmission holes 12. The flue gas detection module 3 is located outside the protective cover 6 and is connected to the outer surface of the protective cover 6. The system is connected to at least two temperature and humidity sensors 5, with at least one temperature and humidity sensor 5 located on the outer side of the protective cover 6 and another temperature and humidity sensor 5 located on the outer side of the enclosed space pressure monitoring module 4. The built-in backup power supply 8, wireless communication circuit 10, and control circuit 11 are all located inside the protective cover 6 and connected to the bottom of the protective cover 6. At least one terminal block 9 is embedded in the lower end face of the protective cover 6. The control circuit 11 is electrically connected to the light image detection module 1, sound detection module 2, smoke detection module 3, enclosed space pressure monitoring module 4, temperature and humidity sensor 5, built-in backup power supply 8, terminal block 9, and wireless communication circuit 10, respectively. At the same time, it is also connected to the data analysis and feedback system 104 and the remote control system 105 via wires through the terminal block 9, and a data connection is established between the wireless communication circuit 10 and the data analysis and feedback system 104 and the remote control system 105.

[0027] Further optimization is that the sound detection module 2 is a microphone; and preferably, a laser microphone can be used.

[0028] The optical image detection module 1 includes a gimbal 111, a semiconductor photodetector 112, and a high-speed camera 113. The lower end face of the gimbal 111 is embedded in the upper end face of the protective cover 6, while the upper end face of the gimbal 111 is located outside the protective cover 6. The upper end face of the gimbal 111 is connected to both the semiconductor photodetector 112 and the high-speed camera 113. The semiconductor photodetector 112 and the high-speed camera 113 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the gimbal 111, and are hinged to the protective cover 6 through the gimbal 111. The optical axes of the semiconductor photodetector 112 and the high-speed camera 113 form an angle of 0° to 180° with the axis of the protective cover 6. The gimbal 111, the semiconductor photodetector 112, and the high-speed camera 113 are all electrically connected to the control circuit 11.

[0029] As specifically noted, the enclosed space pressure monitoring module 4 includes heat exchange fins 41, a monitoring chamber 42, heat exchange tubes 43, a duct fan 45, a pressure sensor 46, a temperature sensor 47, and a control valve 48. The monitoring chamber 42 is a cavity structure and covers at least one heat exchange tube 43. Both ends of the heat exchange tube 43 are located outside the monitoring chamber 42, and the axis of the heat exchange tube 43 is parallel to the axis of the monitoring chamber 42. The lower end face of the heat exchange tube 43 is located outside the lower end face of the protective cover 6, and the upper end face is located outside the upper end face of the protective cover 6. A duct fan 45 is coaxially distributed at the lower end face of the heat exchange tube 43. Several heat exchange fins 41 are included, and each heat exchange fin 41... The structure is a rectangular grid plate with a cross-section. Several heat exchange fins 41 are located inside the monitoring chamber 42 and are connected to the inner side of the monitoring chamber 42 and the outer side of the heat exchange tube 43, respectively. Another part of the heat exchange fins 41 are located outside the monitoring chamber 42 and are connected to the outer side of the monitoring chamber 42 and the inner side of the protective cover 6, respectively. The inner diameter of the monitoring chamber 42 is at least three times the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 43. At the same time, a pressure sensor 46 and a temperature sensor 47 are installed inside the monitoring chamber 42. An air guide port 44 is provided at the top of the monitoring chamber 42 and is connected to the control valve 48. The induced draft fan 45, the pressure sensor 46, the temperature sensor 47, and the control valve 48 are all electrically connected to the control circuit 11.

[0030] Meanwhile, the control circuit 11 is a circuit system based on an FPGA chip. The control circuit 11 also includes a data communication bus and a signal processing circuit, wherein the signal processing circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit 11 through the data communication bus.

[0031] It should be noted that the fire extinguishing system 106 includes a reinforcing mesh 61, fire-fighting spiral sprinklers 62, fire water pipes 63, diversion branch pipes 65, gas ducts 66, a carbon dioxide storage tank 67, a fireproof rolling shutter door 68, a collection trough 69, a control valve 48, and a multi-way valve 64. At least one fire water pipe 63 is connected to the building via a connecting mechanism, and each fire water pipe 63 is further covered by a reinforcing mesh 61. Each fire water pipe 63 is connected to several fire-fighting spiral sprinklers 62 via diversion branch pipes 65, and one end of the diversion branch pipe 65 is connected to a control valve 48. Valve 48 is connected to fire water pipe 63, and its other end is connected to a fire spiral sprinkler head 62 and a gas guide pipe 66 via a three-way valve 60. The gas guide pipe 66 is also connected to a carbon dioxide storage tank 67 via control valve 48. The carbon dioxide storage tank 67 is connected to the building via a connecting mechanism. Several fireproof roller shutters 68 and storage slots 69 are provided and connected to the building. The storage slots 69 are connected to both the floor and walls of the building. Each storage slot 69 includes a support base 691, a support wall 692, a connecting slide rail 693, a bracket 694, and a pressure sensor. The device 695, wherein the supporting base 691 is connected to the ground plane and distributed parallel to the ground plane, the upper end face of the supporting base 691 is connected to the supporting wall 692 and forms an "L" shaped structure, the rear end face of the supporting wall 692 is connected to the building wall and distributed parallel to it, the front end face of the supporting wall 692 is provided with at least two connecting slide rails 693 distributed perpendicularly to the upper end face of the supporting base 691, the connecting slide rails 693 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the supporting wall 692, and the bracket 694 is a groove-shaped structure with a cross-section of any one of the following: "U" shaped, "U" shaped, or "L" shaped. The axis of the bracket 694 is parallel to the upper surface of the support base 691, and the rear end face is slidably connected to the support wall 692 through the connecting slide rail 693. At least two brackets 694 are provided, each bracket 694 is distributed in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the support base 691. At least one storage cavity 696 is provided in the support base 691. At least one pressure sensor 695 is provided at the bottom of the slot of the bracket 694 and the bottom of the storage cavity 696. The fireproof roller shutter door 68, control valve 48, multi-way valve 64 and pressure sensor 695 are all electrically connected to the remote control system 105.

[0032] In this embodiment, the data storage system 102 adopts a network-based data storage method, uses a storage area network (SAN) for fast access speed, and employs a high-end RAID array; the communication network 103 includes any one or a combination of wireless communication networks and wired communication networks; the remote control system 105 is any one or a combination of PC computers, industrial computers, and mobile communication terminals; the data analysis and feedback system 104 is a network server based on any one or a combination of big data platforms, cloud computing platforms, and artificial neural network platforms; the alarm system 107 includes, but is not limited to, speakers, indicator lights, buzzers, and directional signs.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, a method for a machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing system for high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing includes the following steps:

[0034] S1, System Configuration: First, the building's structural drawings are acquired. Then, based on these drawings, various monitoring systems, fire extinguishing systems, and alarm systems are installed within the building. These systems effectively cover key fire monitoring nodes and are connected to the building's fire protection piping system. Simultaneously, a computer room is constructed within the building, housing a data storage system, a data analysis and feedback system, and a remote control system. These systems are then networked via a communication network to create a fire protection network.

[0035] S2, Fire Monitoring, involves a remote control system that continuously and stably drives the monitoring system, data storage system, and data analysis and feedback system during normal building operation and use. The monitoring system continuously monitors the building's internal environment for fire hazards and transmits the data to the data analysis and feedback system via a communication network. The data analysis and feedback system analyzes the data to determine the building's operational status and monitors fire hazards and the entire fire process, evaluating optimal escape routes and fire rescue plans. When a fire hazard or ignition point is detected, the alarm system sounds a fire alarm at the ignition point and in surrounding buildings; simultaneously, alarm data is sent to the data analysis and feedback system via the communication network. Finally, all collected data is stored and archived through the data storage system.

[0036] S3, Fire Rescue: Upon detection of a fire, the fire extinguishing system is activated directly to begin firefighting operations. Then, the data analysis and feedback system, based on the environmental data of the fire source and its distribution within the building monitored by various systems, determines the fire rescue path and plan. It also develops a fire control and extinguishing operation plan. Finally, the overall building rescue is carried out according to the established plan.

[0037] The system structure of this invention is versatile and has strong scalability, effectively meeting the needs of various types and structures of buildings. In use, it can accurately monitor and identify fire hazards, fire sources, and the distribution range of the fire scene, and promptly issue alarms, while simultaneously extinguishing the fire source or controlling the fire in the first instance. On the other hand, by synchronously collecting data from the fire scene, it can accurately obtain rescue plans for personnel and materials at the fire scene, fire escape routes, and fire extinguishing plans, thereby greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of fire rescue and effectively reducing the direct and indirect harm caused by fire.

[0038] Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing system for high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing, characterized in that: The machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system includes a monitoring system, a data storage system, a communication network, a data analysis and feedback system, a remote control system, a fire extinguishing system, and an alarm system. The data analysis and feedback system establishes data connections with the monitoring system, data storage system, remote control system, and alarm system through the communication network. The remote control system is also electrically connected to the monitoring system, data storage system, communication network, data analysis and feedback system, fire extinguishing system, and alarm system. There are multiple monitoring systems, fire extinguishing systems, and alarm systems, which are distributed throughout the building to be monitored. Each monitoring system is equipped with at least one fire extinguishing system and at least one alarm system. The fire extinguishing system and monitoring system are located at least 1 meter above the ground, and their axes form an angle of 45°–90° with the horizontal plane. The monitoring system includes an optical image detection module, a sound detection module, a flue gas detection module, a closed space pressure monitoring module, a temperature and humidity sensor, a protective cover, a bracket, a built-in backup power supply, wiring terminals, a wireless communication circuit, and a control circuit. The protective cover is a closed cavity structure connected to the building via the bracket. The closed space pressure monitoring module is located inside the protective cover and is distributed parallel to its axis. The optical image detection module is embedded in the upper surface of the protective cover and is coaxial with it. At least two sound detection modules are embedded inside the protective cover and located below the optical image detection modules. Each sound detection module is evenly distributed around the axis of the protective cover, and the sidewall of the protective cover corresponding to each sound detection module has several sound transmission holes. The flue gas detection module is located outside the protective cover and is connected to the outer surface of the protective cover. The device includes at least two temperature and humidity sensors, with at least one temperature and humidity sensor located on the outer side of the protective cover and another temperature and humidity sensor located on the outer side of the enclosed space pressure monitoring module. The built-in backup power supply, wireless communication circuit, and control circuit are all located inside the protective cover and connected to the bottom of the protective cover. There is at least one terminal block embedded in the lower end face of the protective cover. The control circuit is electrically connected to the optical image detection module, sound detection module, smoke detection module, enclosed space pressure monitoring module, temperature and humidity sensor, built-in backup power supply, terminal block, and wireless communication circuit. It is also connected to the data analysis and feedback system and remote control system via wires through the terminal block, and a data connection is established between the data analysis and feedback system and remote control system via the wireless communication circuit. The enclosed space pressure monitoring module includes heat exchange fins, a monitoring chamber, heat exchange tubes, a guide pipe, a duct fan, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a control valve. The monitoring chamber is a cavity structure and is enclosed by at least one heat exchange tube. Both ends of the heat exchange tube are located outside the monitoring chamber, and the axis of the heat exchange tube is parallel to the axis of the monitoring chamber. The lower end face of the heat exchange tube is located outside the lower end face of the protective cover, and the upper end face is located outside the upper end face of the protective cover. A duct fan is coaxially distributed at the lower end face of the heat exchange tube. Several heat exchange fins are included, each fin having... The structure is a rectangular grid plate with several heat exchange fins located inside the monitoring chamber and connected to the inner side of the monitoring chamber and the outer side of the heat exchange tube, respectively. Another part of the heat exchange fins are located outside the monitoring chamber and connected to the outer side of the monitoring chamber and the inner side of the protective cover, respectively. The inner diameter of the monitoring chamber is at least three times the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube. A pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are installed inside the monitoring chamber. An air duct is located at the top of the monitoring chamber and is connected to a control valve. The induced draft fan, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and control valve are all electrically connected to the control circuit.

2. The machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical image detection module includes a gimbal, a semiconductor photodetector, and a high-speed camera. The lower end face of the gimbal is embedded in the upper end face of the protective cover, while the upper end face of the gimbal is located outside the protective cover. The upper end face of the gimbal is connected to both the semiconductor photodetector and the high-speed camera. The semiconductor photodetector and the high-speed camera are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the gimbal axis and are hinged to the protective cover through the gimbal. The optical axes of the semiconductor photodetector and the high-speed camera form an angle of 0° to 180° with the axis of the protective cover. The gimbal, semiconductor photodetector, and high-speed camera are all electrically connected to the control circuit.

3. The machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit is a circuit system based on an FPGA chip. The control circuit also includes a data communication bus and a signal processing circuit, wherein the signal processing circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit through the data communication bus.

4. The machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing system includes a reinforcing mesh, fire-fighting spiral sprinklers, fire water pipes, diversion branch pipes, air ducts, a carbon dioxide storage tank, fireproof roller shutters, storage troughs, control valves, and multi-way valves. At least one fire water pipe is connected to the building via a connecting mechanism, and each fire water pipe is covered by a reinforcing mesh. Each fire water pipe is connected to several fire-fighting spiral sprinklers via diversion branch pipes. One end of each diversion branch pipe is connected to the fire water pipe via a control valve, and the other end is connected to one fire-fighting spiral sprinkler and one air duct via a three-way valve. The air duct is also connected to the carbon dioxide storage tank via a control valve. The carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the building via a connecting mechanism. Several fireproof roller shutters and storage troughs are connected to the building. The storage troughs are connected to both the floor and walls of the building. Each storage trough includes a support base, a support wall, a connecting rail, a bracket, and a pressure sensor. The supporting base is connected to the ground plane and distributed parallel to the ground plane. The upper end face of the supporting base is connected to the supporting wall and forms an "L" shape. The rear end face of the supporting wall is connected to the building wall and distributed parallel to it. The front end face of the supporting wall is provided with at least two connecting slide rails that are perpendicular to the upper end face of the supporting base. The connecting slide rails are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the supporting wall. The bracket is a groove-shaped structure with a cross-section of any one of "U" shape, "U" shape, or "L" shape. The axis of the bracket is distributed parallel to the upper end face of the supporting base, and the rear end face is slidably connected to the supporting wall through the connecting slide rails. At least two brackets are provided, and each bracket is distributed along a direction perpendicular to the upper end face of the supporting base. At least one storage cavity is provided in the supporting base. At least one pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of the bracket groove and the bottom of the storage cavity. The fireproof roller shutter door, control valve, multi-way valve, and pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the remote control system.

5. The machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data storage system adopts a network-based data storage method, uses a Storage Area Network (SAN), and employs a high-end RAID array; the communication network includes any one or a combination of wireless communication networks and wired communication networks; the remote control system is any one or a combination of PC computers, industrial computers, and mobile communication terminals; the data analysis and feedback system is a network server based on any one or a combination of big data platforms, cloud computing platforms, and artificial neural network platforms; the alarm system includes, but is not limited to, speakers, indicator lights, buzzers, and directional signs, and the alarm system is also equipped with a 1:1 signal isolator.

6. The method for a machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for a machine vision-based multi-directional intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system includes the following steps: S1, System Configuration: First, the building's structural drawings are acquired. Then, based on these drawings, various monitoring systems, fire suppression systems, and alarm systems are installed within the building. These systems effectively cover key fire monitoring nodes and are connected to the building's fire protection piping system. Simultaneously, a computer room is constructed within the building, housing a data storage system, a data analysis and feedback system, and a remote control system. These systems are then networked via a communication network to create a fire protection network. S2, Fire Monitoring, involves a remote control system that continuously and stably drives the monitoring system, data storage system, and data analysis and feedback system during normal building operation and use. The monitoring system continuously monitors the building's internal environment for fire hazards and transmits the data to the data analysis and feedback system via a communication network. The data analysis and feedback system analyzes the data to determine the building's operational status and monitors fire hazards and the entire fire process, evaluating optimal escape routes and fire rescue plans. When a fire hazard or ignition point is detected, the alarm system sounds a fire alarm at the ignition point and in surrounding buildings; simultaneously, alarm data is sent to the data analysis and feedback system via the communication network. Finally, all collected data is stored and archived through the data storage system. S3, Fire Rescue: Upon detection of a fire, the fire extinguishing system is activated directly to begin firefighting operations. Then, the data analysis and feedback system, based on the environmental data of the fire source and its distribution within the building monitored by various systems, determines the fire rescue path and plan. It also develops a fire control and extinguishing operation plan. Finally, the overall building rescue is carried out according to the established plan.

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