Photovoltaic cell finishing material and method of making

Abstract

This invention discloses a photovoltaic cell surface material, which comprises, by weight percentage: 30-40% hydraulic material, 30-50% natural calcium carbonate, 7-16% acrylic emulsion, 5-12% glass fiber powder, 0.1-0.5% silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.5% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 5-20% water. This photovoltaic cell surface material is suitable for decorating the surface of photovoltaic cells, covering the cells so that their color does not affect the aesthetics of the building, while simultaneously ensuring that the photovoltaic cells can perform normal photoelectric conversion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building decoration materials technology, specifically to a photovoltaic cell surface material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation technology originated in the 1950s. Its energy source is the sun, and compared to traditional power generation, it produces virtually no CO2 and causes no pollution or damage to the natural environment. With the increasingly severe global energy situation, solar PV power generation, as one of the sustainable energy alternatives, has developed rapidly in recent years and has been applied to the building sector.

[0003] Currently, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels used in the building sector typically employ EVA film to bond solar cells, which convert solar energy into electrical energy, to a backsheet. The cells are then encapsulated with glass through the EVA film. Typically, a support system is used to install the PV panels on the exterior of a building's roof. However, given that the solar cells are usually blue or black, the panels, once installed on the roof, become detached from the building's shape, color, and other external design elements, affecting the building's aesthetics and causing visual pollution. This significantly limits the application of solar PV panels in the building sector. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, which is that solar photovoltaic panels are detached from the design of buildings and are difficult to be widely used in the construction field. This invention provides a photovoltaic cell surface material that is suitable for decorating the surface of photovoltaic cells, covering the photovoltaic cells so that the color of the photovoltaic cells does not affect the aesthetics of the building, while ensuring that sunlight can pass through so that the photovoltaic cells can carry out photoelectric conversion normally.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A photovoltaic cell surface material comprises, by weight percentage: 30-40% hydraulic material, 30-50% natural calcium carbonate, 7-16% acrylic emulsion, 5-12% glass fiber powder, 0.1-0.5% silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.5% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 5-20% water.

[0007] Furthermore, the particle size of the hydraulic material powder is above 2000 mesh, the particle size of the natural calcium carbonate is above 1000 mesh, the solid content of the acrylic emulsion is greater than 50%, the particle size of the glass fiber powder is above 600 mesh, and the hydraulic material is blast furnace ore powder or phosphate rock powder.

[0008] Furthermore, by weight percentage, it comprises: 35% hydraulic materials, 40% natural calcium carbonate, 10% acrylic emulsion, 6% glass fiber powder, 0.3% silane coupling agent, 0.2% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 8.5% water.

[0009] Furthermore, the surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material has an uneven texture, and the thickness of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is 0.1-3mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the raised back of the textured surface is provided with a transparent filler block.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is printed or sprayed with a pattern.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the photovoltaic cell surface material is provided with light-guiding microgrooves, and the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0013] This invention also discloses a method for preparing the photovoltaic cell surface material, which includes the following steps:

[0014] Pulping: Mix the hydraulic materials, natural calcium carbonate, acrylic emulsion, glass fiber powder, acrylic light diffusing agent, and water in the specified amounts to form a slurry;

[0015] Sizing: The sizing material is injected into the molding mold, and a layer of semi-transparent fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the sizing material so that the semi-transparent fiber cloth and the sizing material are integrated.

[0016] Curing and molding: Bake at 90-150℃ for 20-60 minutes;

[0017] Demolding.

[0018] The preparation method of the present invention forms a roll material after demolding, and patterns can be printed or sprayed on the surface of the roll material.

[0019] Furthermore, the preparation method of the present invention uses laser engraving to engrave light-guiding microgrooves on the back side of the roll material, and the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0020] Furthermore, the bottom of the molding mold is provided with a textured surface. When applying the sizing, a layer of sizing material of uniform thickness is applied to the bottom of the molding mold. Then, a transparent adhesive is filled into the concave part of the textured surface to make the concave part flush with the convex part, and then the translucent fiber cloth is laid on top.

[0021] Furthermore, in the pulping step, glass fiber is first dispersed in water, then acrylic light diffusing agent and silane coupling agent are added and heated to 50-60°C, stirred and reacted for 10-20 minutes, then hydraulic materials and natural calcium carbonate are added, stirred and kept warm for 10-20 minutes, and after cooling to room temperature, acrylic emulsion is added to make slurry.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] Through research, the inventors discovered that a surface material made by mixing hydraulic materials such as blast furnace ore powder and phosphate rock powder with inorganic powders such as natural calcium carbonate and acrylic emulsion, and then solidifying it, possesses light-transmitting properties. This allows the surface material to not only serve as a building decoration layer but also to be used to cover the surface of photovoltaic cells, concealing their shape and color. Furthermore, patterns can be printed on the surface of the surface material, allowing the photovoltaic panels to integrate seamlessly with the building, thus solving the problem of existing photovoltaic panels affecting the aesthetics of buildings. As an active inorganic powder material, the hydraulic material has a gradually activating function, adhering more closely to the substrate and hardening over time after being attached to it. Therefore, the adhesion of the photovoltaic cell surface material to the photovoltaic cell becomes stronger over time.

[0024] The photovoltaic cell surface material of this invention incorporates glass fiber powder and uses a silane coupling agent to surface the glass fiber powder, making it easy for the glass fiber powder to bond with hydraulic materials and natural calcium carbonate. The resulting roll has good uniform light transmittance, and the acrylic light diffusing agent allows sunlight to be scattered within the photovoltaic cell surface material after it is incident on the surface, converting it into a surface light source. This improves the overall uniform light transmittance of the photovoltaic cell surface material, ensuring that even areas with less light exposure can transmit light, enabling the covered solar cells to generate electricity normally and ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the entire solar cell.

[0025] Although the light transmittance of photovoltaic cell surface materials can meet the requirements of photovoltaic power generation cells, the light transmittance of the patterned areas will decrease after the patterns are printed or sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic cell surface materials. This invention arranges more dense light-guiding micropores below the patterned areas. Some sunlight is scattered in different directions within the photovoltaic cell surface materials. Therefore, the light scattered from the non-patterned areas below the patterned areas can be converted into photoelectric signals, ensuring the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0026] The photovoltaic cell surface material of this invention has high aging resistance, is recyclable and reusable, is environmentally friendly, and has rich surface forces. It can be designed to match the shape and style of the building to form matching textures, and can be shaped according to the required textures. Patterns can also be printed or sprayed on the surface to integrate it with the building. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms “comprising” or “having” are intended to specify the presence of a feature, quantity, step, operation, element, part or combination thereof, but are not intended to exclude the presence or possible addition of one or more other features, quantities, steps, operations, elements, parts or combinations thereof.

[0032] The photovoltaic cell surface material provided in this embodiment is made primarily from hydraulic materials, natural calcium carbonate, acrylic emulsion, water, glass fiber powder, silane coupling agent, and acrylic light diffusing agent, and is cured by heating. After molding into a layered structure, it is flexible, and patterns can be printed on its surface. During molding, a mold with a textured surface can also be used, resulting in a textured surface after molding.

[0033] A photovoltaic cell surface material comprises, by weight percentage: 30-40% hydraulic material, 30-50% natural calcium carbonate, 7-16% acrylic emulsion, 5-12% glass fiber powder, 0.1-0.5% silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.5% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 5-20% water.

[0034] The hydraulic material powder has a particle size of 2000 mesh or more, the natural calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000 mesh or more, the acrylic emulsion has a solid content of more than 50%, the glass fiber powder has a particle size of 600 mesh or more, and the hydraulic material is blast furnace ore powder or phosphate rock powder.

[0035] The surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material has an uneven texture, and the thickness of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is 0.1-3mm.

[0036] The raised texture has a transparent filler block on the back.

[0037] The surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is printed or sprayed with patterns.

[0038] The bottom surface of the photovoltaic cell surface material is provided with light-guiding microgrooves, and the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0039] The preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface material includes the following steps:

[0040] Pulping: Mix the hydraulic materials, natural calcium carbonate, acrylic emulsion, glass fiber powder, acrylic light diffusing agent, and water in the specified amounts to form a slurry;

[0041] Sizing: The sizing material is injected into the molding mold, and a layer of semi-transparent fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the sizing material so that the semi-transparent fiber cloth and the sizing material are integrated.

[0042] Curing and molding: Bake at 90-150℃ for 20-60 minutes;

[0043] Demolding.

[0044] In the preparation method, after demolding, a roll material is formed, and patterns are printed or sprayed on the surface of the roll material, so that the surface of the photovoltaic cell decorative material has patterns, and the artistic style of the decorative substrate is more integrated.

[0045] In the preparation method, light-guiding microgrooves are engraved on the back of the roll material using laser engraving. The density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0046] The bottom of the molding die has a textured surface. During sizing, a uniform thickness of sizing layer is applied to the bottom of the molding die. Then, a transparent adhesive is filled into the concave areas of the textured surface to make the concave areas flush with the convex areas, and finally, the translucent fiber cloth is laid on top. When using a molding die with a textured surface for molding, the concave areas in the molding die are the convex areas on the surface of the photovoltaic cell facing material, and the convex areas in the molding die are the concave areas on the surface of the photovoltaic cell facing material. If more sizing is directly used to fill the concave areas of the molding die until they are flush with the convex areas, the light guiding function will be weakened due to the greater thickness of the sizing in the concave areas. Therefore, during sizing, the thickness of the sizing layer on the concave and convex areas of the molding die is uniform, and then a transparent adhesive is used to fill the concave areas of the molding die to make them flush with the convex areas. This maintains good light guiding function and allows the photovoltaic cell facing material to be well laid on the substrate. In this embodiment, the transparent adhesive can be a transparent hot melt adhesive, such as transparent EVA or transparent EAA.

[0047] In the pulping step, glass fiber is first dispersed in water, then acrylic light diffusing agent and silane coupling agent are added and heated to 50-60°C, stirred and reacted for 10-20 minutes, then hydraulic material and natural calcium carbonate are added, stirred and kept warm for 10-20 minutes, and after cooling to room temperature, acrylic emulsion is added to make pulp.

[0048] The following detailed examples illustrate this further.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A photovoltaic cell finishing material comprises, by weight percentage: 30% blast furnace ore powder, 50% natural calcium carbonate, 9.4% acrylic emulsion, 5% glass fiber powder, 0.5% silane coupling agent, 0.1% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 5% water.

[0051] In this embodiment, the blast furnace ore powder has a particle size of 2000 mesh or more, the natural calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000 mesh or more, the acrylic emulsion has a solid content of more than 50%, and the glass fiber powder has a particle size of 600 mesh or more.

[0052] The thickness of the photovoltaic cell surface material is 0.1-3mm.

[0053] The preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface material in this embodiment is as follows:

[0054] Pulping: First, disperse the glass fiber in water, then add acrylic light diffusing agent and silane coupling agent, heat to 50-60℃, stir and react for 10-20 minutes, then add blast furnace ore powder and natural calcium carbonate, stir and keep warm for 10-20 minutes, and after cooling to room temperature, add acrylic emulsion to make slurry.

[0055] Sizing: The slurry is injected into the molding mold to form a slurry layer with a thickness of 0.1-3mm in the molding mold, and a layer of semi-transparent fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the slurry so that the semi-transparent fiber cloth and the slurry are integrated.

[0056] Curing and molding: Bake at 90-100℃ for 50-60 minutes.

[0057] Demolding: After demolding, the material is formed into a roll and then cut to the required specifications.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] A photovoltaic cell finishing material comprises, by weight percentage: 35% phosphate rock powder, 40% natural calcium carbonate, 10% acrylic emulsion, 6% glass fiber powder, 0.2% silane coupling agent, 0.2% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 8.6% water.

[0060] In this embodiment, the phosphate rock powder has a particle size of 2000 mesh or more, the natural calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000 mesh or more, the acrylic emulsion has a solid content of more than 50%, and the glass fiber powder has a particle size of 600 mesh or more.

[0061] The thickness of the photovoltaic cell surface material is 0.1-3mm.

[0062] The surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is printed or sprayed with patterns.

[0063] The bottom surface of the photovoltaic cell surface material is provided with light-guiding microgrooves, and the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0064] The preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface material in this embodiment is as follows:

[0065] Pulping: First, disperse the glass fiber in water, then add acrylic light diffusing agent and silane coupling agent, heat to 50-60℃, stir and react for 10-20 minutes, then add phosphate rock powder and natural calcium carbonate, stir and keep warm for 10-20 minutes, and then add acrylic emulsion to make slurry after cooling to room temperature.

[0066] Sizing: The slurry is injected into the molding mold to form a slurry layer with a thickness of 0.1-3mm in the molding mold, and a layer of semi-transparent fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the slurry so that the semi-transparent fiber cloth and the slurry are integrated.

[0067] Curing and shaping: Bake at 110-120℃ for 40-50 minutes.

[0068] Demolding: After demolding, the material is formed into a roll and then cut to the required specifications.

[0069] Print pattern: Print the pattern on the surface of the cut roll material according to the preset pattern.

[0070] Laser engraving: Light guide microgrooves are engraved on the back of the roll material using laser engraving. The density of the light guide microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light guide microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] A photovoltaic cell finishing material comprises, by weight percentage: 40% blast furnace ore powder, 30% natural calcium carbonate, 16% acrylic emulsion, 7.5% glass fiber powder, 0.5% silane coupling agent, 0.3% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 5.7% water.

[0073] In this embodiment, the blast furnace ore powder has a particle size of 2000 mesh or more, the natural calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000 mesh or more, the acrylic emulsion has a solid content of more than 50%, and the glass fiber powder has a particle size of 600 mesh or more.

[0074] The thickness of the photovoltaic cell surface material is 0.1-3mm.

[0075] The surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is printed or sprayed with patterns.

[0076] The preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface material in this embodiment is as follows:

[0077] Pulping: First, disperse the glass fiber in water, then add acrylic light diffusing agent and silane coupling agent, heat to 50-60℃, stir and react for 10-20 minutes, then add blast furnace ore powder and natural calcium carbonate, stir and keep warm for 10-20 minutes, and after cooling to room temperature, add acrylic emulsion to make slurry.

[0078] Sizing: The slurry is injected into the molding mold to form a slurry layer with a thickness of 0.1-3mm in the molding mold, and a layer of semi-transparent fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the slurry so that the semi-transparent fiber cloth and the slurry are integrated.

[0079] Curing and shaping: Bake at 110-120℃ for 40-50 minutes.

[0080] Demolding: After demolding, the material is formed into a roll and then cut to the required specifications.

[0081] Print pattern: Print the pattern on the surface of the cut roll material according to the preset pattern.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] A photovoltaic cell finishing material comprises, by weight percentage: 33% blast furnace ore powder, 32% natural calcium carbonate, 7% acrylic emulsion, 10% glass fiber powder, 0.4% silane coupling agent, 0.4% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 17.2% water.

[0084] In this embodiment, the blast furnace ore powder has a particle size of 2000 mesh or more, the natural calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000 mesh or more, the acrylic emulsion has a solid content of more than 50%, and the glass fiber powder has a particle size of 600 mesh or more.

[0085] The thickness of the photovoltaic cell surface material is 0.1-3mm.

[0086] The surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is printed or sprayed with patterns.

[0087] The bottom surface of the photovoltaic cell surface material is provided with light-guiding microgrooves, and the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0088] The surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material has an uneven texture. A transparent filler block is placed on the back of the raised portion of the uneven texture.

[0089] The preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface material in this embodiment is as follows:

[0090] Pulping: First, disperse the glass fiber in water, then add acrylic light diffusing agent and silane coupling agent, heat to 50-60℃, stir and react for 10-20 minutes, then add blast furnace ore powder and natural calcium carbonate, stir and keep warm for 10-20 minutes, and after cooling to room temperature, add acrylic emulsion to make slurry.

[0091] Sizing: The sizing material is injected into the molding mold to form a uniform sizing layer with a thickness of 0.1-3mm. The bottom of the molding mold has a textured surface. The sizing material is still lower in the concave part than in the convex part. At this time, transparent EVA is used to fill the concave part so that the surface of the concave part is flush with the surface of the convex part. Then, a layer of semi-transparent fiber cloth is laid to integrate the semi-transparent fiber cloth with the sizing material.

[0092] Curing and molding: Bake at 120-140℃ for 30-40 minutes.

[0093] Demolding: After demolding, the material is formed into a roll and cut to the required specifications. After demolding, the concave part of the forming mold appears as a convex part when viewed from the surface of the photovoltaic cell facing material. Because the bottom of the forming mold has a textured surface, the surface of the photovoltaic cell facing material forms a textured surface, but the concavity and convexity are opposite to those of the forming mold.

[0094] Print pattern: Print the pattern on the surface of the cut roll material according to the preset pattern.

[0095] Laser engraving: Light guide microgrooves are engraved on the back of the roll material using laser engraving. The density of the light guide microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light guide microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0096] Example 5

[0097] A photovoltaic cell finishing material comprises, by weight percentage: 38% blast furnace ore powder, 30% natural calcium carbonate, 12% acrylic emulsion, 12% glass fiber powder, 0.1% silane coupling agent, 0.5% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 7.4% water.

[0098] In this embodiment, the blast furnace ore powder has a particle size of 2000 mesh or more, the natural calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000 mesh or more, the acrylic emulsion has a solid content of more than 50%, and the glass fiber powder has a particle size of 600 mesh or more.

[0099] The thickness of the photovoltaic cell surface material is 0.1-3mm.

[0100] The surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is printed or sprayed with patterns.

[0101] The bottom surface of the photovoltaic cell surface material is provided with light-guiding microgrooves, and the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0102] The preparation method of the photovoltaic cell surface material in this embodiment is as follows:

[0103] Pulping: First, disperse the glass fiber in water, then add acrylic light diffusing agent and silane coupling agent, heat to 50-60℃, stir and react for 10-20 minutes, then add blast furnace ore powder and natural calcium carbonate, stir and keep warm for 10-20 minutes, and after cooling to room temperature, add acrylic emulsion to make slurry.

[0104] Sizing: The slurry is injected into the molding mold to form a slurry layer with a thickness of 0.1-3mm in the molding mold, and a layer of semi-transparent fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the slurry so that the semi-transparent fiber cloth and the slurry are integrated.

[0105] Curing and molding: Bake at 140-150℃ for 20-30 minutes.

[0106] Demolding: After demolding, the material is formed into a roll and then cut to the required specifications.

[0107] Print pattern: Print the pattern on the surface of the cut roll material according to the preset pattern.

[0108] Laser engraving: Light guide microgrooves are engraved on the back of the roll material using laser engraving. The density of the light guide microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light guide microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

[0109] Performance testing:

[0110] (1) Experimental group: The photovoltaic cell finishing materials of Examples 1-5 were respectively glued and fixed on the same commercially available photovoltaic cell. The resulting photovoltaic panels were used as experimental groups 1-5. The commercially available photovoltaic cell without covering the photovoltaic cell finishing material of the present invention was used as the control group.

[0111] (2) Artificial aging resistance test: The artificial aging resistance test shall be conducted in accordance with GB / T 16259;

[0112] (3) Photoelectric conversion efficiency: Tested according to GB / T 34160;

[0113] (4) Test results: see Table 1

[0114] Table 1. Test results of each embodiment, comparative example, and control group.

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] As shown in Table 1 above, the photovoltaic cell surface material of the present invention can effectively protect the photovoltaic cell, thereby improving the overall aging resistance by about 4 times. Moreover, covering the photovoltaic cell with the photovoltaic cell surface material of the present invention has no significant impact on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell. The photoelectric conversion efficiency decreases slightly, but it can still maintain the level of normal use. However, due to the greatly improved aging resistance, the overall service life is greatly extended.

[0118] In order to ensure that the photovoltaic cell surface material of the present invention is consistent with the overall architectural style, after printing patterns on the surface, the addition of light-guiding micropore structure can effectively maintain the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the entire photovoltaic cell.

[0119] (5) After 500h and 1000h of artificial aging, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of each experimental group and control group was measured again. The results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0120] Table 2 Photoelectric conversion efficiency (%) after artificial aging

[0121] performance Experimental group 1 Experimental group 2 Experimental group 3 Experimental group 4 Experimental group 5 control group 500h 17 18 13 17 16 13 1000h 14 15 8 14 14 5

[0122] As shown in Table 2, the photovoltaic cell finishing material of the present invention, when applied to the surface of the solar cell, protects the solar cell and maintains a stable photoelectric conversion efficiency even after artificial aging. In contrast, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of existing photovoltaic panels decreases significantly after artificial aging. Therefore, the photovoltaic cell finishing material of the present invention can extend the service life of photovoltaic cells.

[0123] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0124] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cell finishing material, characterized in that, The material comprises, by weight percentage: 30-40% hydraulic material, 30-50% natural calcium carbonate, 7-16% acrylic emulsion, 5-12% glass fiber powder, 0.1-0.5% silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.5% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 5-20% water; the particle size of the hydraulic material powder is above 2000 mesh, the particle size of the natural calcium carbonate is above 1000 mesh, the solid content of the acrylic emulsion is greater than 50%, the particle size of the glass fiber powder is above 600 mesh, and the hydraulic material is blast furnace ore powder or phosphate rock powder; the surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is printed or sprayed with patterns.

2. The photovoltaic cell finishing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight percentage, it comprises: 35% hydraulic materials, 40% natural calcium carbonate, 10% acrylic emulsion, 6% glass fiber powder, 0.3% silane coupling agent, 0.2% acrylic light diffusing agent, and 8.5% water.

3. The photovoltaic cell finishing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the photovoltaic cell finishing material has an uneven texture, and the thickness of the photovoltaic cell finishing material is 0.1-3mm.

4. The photovoltaic cell finishing material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The raised texture has a transparent filler block on the back.

5. The photovoltaic cell finishing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the photovoltaic cell surface material is provided with light-guiding microgrooves, and the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

6. The method for preparing the photovoltaic cell finishing material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Pulping: Mix the hydraulic materials, natural calcium carbonate, acrylic emulsion, glass fiber powder, silane coupling agent, acrylic light diffusing agent, and water in the specified amounts to prepare a slurry; Sizing: The sizing material is injected into the molding mold, and a layer of semi-transparent fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the sizing material so that the semi-transparent fiber cloth and the sizing material are integrated. Curing and molding: Bake at 90-150℃ for 20-60 minutes; Demolding.

7. The method for preparing photovoltaic cell finishing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: After demolding, the material is formed into a roll, and patterns are printed or sprayed on the surface of the roll.

8. The method for preparing photovoltaic cell finishing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: Laser engraving is used to engrave light-guiding microgrooves on the back of the roll material. The density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the patterned area is greater than the density of the light-guiding microgrooves distributed in the non-patterned area.

9. The method for preparing photovoltaic cell finishing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the molding mold has a textured surface. When applying the sizing, a layer of sizing material of uniform thickness is applied to the bottom of the molding mold. Then, a transparent adhesive is filled into the concave part of the textured surface to make the concave part flush with the convex part, and then the translucent fiber cloth is laid on top.

10. The method for preparing photovoltaic cell finishing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the pulping step, glass fiber is first dispersed in water, then acrylic light diffusing agent and silane coupling agent are added and heated to 50-60°C, stirred and reacted for 10-20 minutes, then hydraulic material and natural calcium carbonate are added, stirred and kept warm for 10-20 minutes, and after cooling to room temperature, acrylic emulsion is added to make pulp.

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