Array antenna for two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement of continuous wave radar

Abstract

The present invention relates to an array antenna for two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement of continuous wave radar, belonging to the field of antenna technology. It comprises a transmitting horn antenna, seven receiving horn antennas, a partition wall and an isolation bottom plate. A transmitting horn antenna and seven receiving horn antennas constitute the array surface of the array antenna, wherein the transmitting horn antenna is located at the upper right corner of the entire array surface, and the seven receiving horn antennas form an L shape and are located at the lower left corner of the entire array surface; the pitch and azimuth dimensions each include four receiving horn antennas, and the receiving horn antenna at the apex of the L shape is shared by the azimuth and pitch dimensions. The isolation wall and the isolation bottom plate can improve the isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas, the transmitting horn antenna transmits electromagnetic wave signals, and the seven receiving horns are arranged at a certain interval to receive target echo signals, and the azimuth and pitch dimensions are measured by double baselines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of antenna technology and relates to an array antenna used for two-dimensional interference angle measurement of continuous wave radar, which is used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals generated in the radar system and receive signals emitted by the target. Background Art

[0002] Continuous-wave radar, due to its simple structure, offers a low-cost advantage for close-range detection. However, because continuous-wave radar transmits and receives simultaneously, the transmitted signal can leak into the receiving antenna and into the receiving channel, impacting radar performance. Therefore, continuous-wave radar requires high antenna isolation between transmit and receive, requiring an antenna to address this issue.

[0003] Most common radars use amplitude-comparison angle measurement. To improve angle measurement accuracy, a large-scale antenna array is required to narrow the beam. However, this method is costly due to the large number of array elements. Multi-unit interferometric angle measurement can achieve higher angle measurement accuracy by arranging several antenna elements at a fixed interval. It is a low-cost, high-precision angle measurement solution in radar. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are:

[0005] To address the high requirements for antenna transmit and receive isolation in continuous wave radar, as well as the need for low-cost, high-precision angle measurement, this invention provides an array antenna for two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement in continuous wave radar. Metal partitions and an isolation baseplate are used to improve the isolation between the transmit and receive antennas. Seven receiving antennas are arranged in an L-shape, enabling two-dimensional phase interferometric angle measurement, achieving low-cost, high-precision angle measurement.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An array antenna for two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement of continuous wave radar, characterized by comprising a transmitting horn antenna, seven receiving horn antennas, and an isolation base plate, wherein the transmitting horn antenna and the receiving horn antenna are both mounted on the isolation base plate;

[0008] The array antenna's array surface consists of one transmitting horn antenna and seven receiving horn antennas. The transmitting horn antenna is located in the upper right corner of the entire array surface, and the seven receiving horn antennas form an L-shape and are located in the lower left corner of the entire array surface. The pitch and azimuth each contain four receiving horn antennas, and the receiving horn antenna at the apex of the L-shape is shared by the azimuth and pitch.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention includes an L-shaped isolation wall, wherein the L-shaped isolation wall is located between a transmitting horn antenna and seven receiving horn antennas.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the top surface of the L-shaped isolation wall has a groove of a certain depth, the L-shaped isolation wall blocks the spatial radiation between the transceiver and the top groove suppresses the creeping surface wave, thereby improving the isolation between the transceiver and the transceiver.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention includes an annular choke slot, which is located around the installation position of the transmitting horn antenna or the receiving horn antenna and surrounds the transmitting horn antenna or the receiving horn antenna.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the annular choke grooves are distributed in a stepped manner around the speaker.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention also includes contour choke slots, which are arranged at other positions of the isolation base plate to continue to suppress the surface waves radiated by the antenna and improve the isolation between the transmitter and the receiver.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the equi-height choke slots are distributed in an L shape.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the transmitting horn antenna and the receiving horn antenna have the same unit structure, the bottom end is a coaxial waveguide structure, and the upper end has one side flush with the waveguide and one side open to adjust the horn pitch beam width.

[0016] A two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement method for continuous wave radar is characterized in that the transmitting horn antenna of the above-mentioned array antenna is used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals, and seven receiving horn antennas are arranged at a certain interval to receive target echo signals, and the azimuth and pitch dimensions are measured through double baselines.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The array antenna for two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement of continuous wave radar provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] ① A transmitting antenna is located in the upper right corner of the array, while seven receiving antennas form an L-shape, with four receiving antenna elements each in elevation and azimuth. The antenna element at the apex of the L-shape is shared by both azimuth and elevation. The spacing between the transmitting and receiving antennas is maximized to improve isolation. The receiving antennas are arranged in an L-shape, with four receiving antennas in each of the azimuth and elevation dimensions forming a multi-baseline angle measurement. This multi-baseline configuration eliminates phase ambiguity in angle measurement and achieves high-precision angle measurement.

[0020] ② Install an L-shaped metal partition wall of a certain height between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and open a choke slot of a certain depth on the upper end face of the metal partition wall to block the energy transmission between the transmitting and receiving antennas in space and improve the isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0021] ③ Add stepped ring choke slots around the transceiver horn antennas on the metal base plate, and add choke slots of a certain depth on the rest of the base plate to suppress surface waves between the transceiver antennas on the base plate and improve the isolation between the transceiver antennas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like parts throughout the drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 The figure is a front view of the structure of an array antenna for two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement of continuous wave radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the choke base plate structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the L-shaped metal partition wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a horn antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the accompanying drawings:

[0028] 1- transmitting horn antenna, 2- receiving horn antenna, 3- isolation wall, 4- isolation base plate, 5- annular choke slot, 6- uniform height choke slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] This invention provides an array antenna for two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement in continuous wave radar. First, isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas is significantly improved by utilizing a choke chute on the isolation wall and isolation floor. Furthermore, the seven receiving antennas are arranged in an L-shape, with four elements each in elevation and azimuth, forming a dual-baseline interferometric angle measurement structure. This enables high-precision angle measurement in both dimensions.

[0031] To improve the isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas, they should be placed as far apart as possible within the specified rectangular dimensions. A metal partition of a certain height should be installed between the antennas to prevent energy transmission between them and improve isolation. Two types of metal choke slots of a certain depth should be machined into the metal baseplate where the antennas are mounted: a ring-shaped choke slot surrounding the antennas and a choke slot located between them. These slots suppress surface wave transmission on the baseplate surface between the antennas, improving isolation.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 The present invention includes a transmitting horn antenna 1, seven receiving horn antennas 2 and an isolation base plate 4. Among them, the transmitting horn antenna 1 and the seven receiving horn antennas 2 are all installed on the isolation base plate 4. The transmitting horn antenna 1 and the seven receiving horn antennas 2 form the array surface of the array antenna, the transmitting horn antenna 1 is located in the upper right corner of the entire array surface, and the seven receiving horn antennas 2 form an L shape and are located in the lower left corner of the entire array surface. The pitch and azimuth each contain four receiving horn antennas 2, and the antenna unit at the vertex of the L-shape is shared by the azimuth and pitch. An L-shaped isolation wall 3 is provided between the transmitting horn antenna 1 and the receiving horn antenna 2.

[0033] The transmitting horn antenna 1 transmits electromagnetic wave signals, and the seven receiving horn antennas 2 are arranged at a certain interval to receive the target echo signal. The azimuth and elevation dimensions are measured through a double baseline.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 , which is the back side of the isolation base plate 4. Two types of choke slots, annular choke slot 5 and contour choke slot 6, are machined on the isolation base plate 4. The annular choke slot 5 is located around the installation position of the transmitting horn antenna 1 or the receiving horn antenna 2, surrounding the transmitting horn antenna 1 or the receiving horn antenna 2. The annular choke slot 5 is distributed in a stepped manner around the horn. The stepped annular choke slot 5 can reduce the surface waves radiated by the horn antenna. On the one hand, it can reduce the influence of the isolation base plate 4 on the unit radiation pattern, and on the other hand, it can increase the isolation between the transmitter and the receiver. There are contour choke slots 6 at the rest of the isolation base plate 4 to continue to suppress the surface waves radiated by the antenna and improve the isolation between the transmitter and the receiver.

[0035] Reference Figure 3 The L-shaped metal partition 3 is located between the transmitting horn antenna 1 and the receiving horn antenna 2. Below the L-shaped metal partition 3 is a mounting surface, connected to the metal base plate 4 by screws. A groove of a certain depth is defined on the top surface of the L-shaped metal partition 3. The L-shaped metal partition 3 blocks spatial radiation between the transmitter and receiver, and the groove at the top suppresses creeping surface waves, thereby improving isolation between the transmitter and receiver.

[0036] Reference Figure 4The transmitting horn antenna 1 and the seven receiving horn antenna units 2 share the same structure. The bottom end is a coaxial waveguide structure. At the top, one side is flush with the waveguide, while the other side is open to adjust the horn's elevation beamwidth. This angled horn design allows the shape of the radiation pattern to be adjusted by the angle. When the antenna is positioned vertically, the radiated energy is concentrated in the upper area, avoiding energy wasted by radiating toward the ground.

[0037] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like in the above description indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0038] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0039] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," "fixed," and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure based on specific circumstances.

[0040] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0042] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should all be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An array antenna for two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement of continuous wave radar, characterized in that: The invention comprises a transmitting horn antenna (1), seven receiving horn antennas (2), an isolation base plate (4), an L-shaped isolation wall (3), an annular choke slot (5), and a contour choke slot (6), wherein the transmitting horn antenna (1) and the receiving horn antenna (2) are both mounted on the isolation base plate (4); One transmitting horn antenna (1) and seven receiving horn antennas (2) form the array surface of the array antenna, the transmitting horn antenna (1) is located at the upper right corner of the entire array surface, and the seven receiving horn antennas (2) form an L shape and are located at the lower left corner of the entire array surface; the pitch and azimuth each contain four receiving horn antennas (2), and the receiving horn antenna (2) at the apex of the L shape is shared by the azimuth and pitch; The L-shaped isolation wall (3) is located between a transmitting horn antenna (1) and seven receiving horn antennas (2); a groove of a certain depth is provided on the top surface of the L-shaped isolation wall (3); the L-shaped isolation wall (3) blocks the spatial radiation between the transmitter and receiver, and the groove at the top suppresses creeping surface waves, thereby improving the isolation between the transmitter and receiver; The annular choke groove (5) and the contour choke groove (6) are machined on the isolation base plate (4); The annular choke slot (5) is located around the installation position of the transmitting horn antenna (1) or the receiving horn antenna (2), surrounding the transmitting horn antenna (1) or the receiving horn antenna (2); the annular choke slot (5) is a stepped annular choke slot; the annular choke slot (5) is distributed in a stepped manner around the horn; The contour choke slots (6) are arranged at other positions of the isolation base plate (4) to continue suppressing the surface waves radiated by the antenna and improve the isolation between the transmitter and receiver; the contour choke slots (6) are distributed in an L shape; The transmitting horn antenna (1) and the receiving horn antenna unit (2) have the same structure, with the bottom end being a coaxial waveguide structure, and the top end having one side flush with the waveguide and one side open to adjust the horn pitch beam width.

2. A continuous wave radar two-dimensional interferometric angle measurement method, characterized in that: The transmitting horn antenna (1) of the array antenna according to claim 1 is used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals, and seven receiving horn antennas (2) are arranged at a certain interval to receive target echo signals, and the azimuth and elevation dimensions are measured through a double baseline.

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