Hydraulic turbine fault judgment method and terminal

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of water turbine fault judging method and terminal, according to the real-time flow and equivalent sound intensity relationship curve under different operating conditions and the real-time flow and equivalent amplitude relationship curve under different operating conditions, obtain the equivalent sound intensity and equivalent amplitude relationship curve, using pickup to collect the first equivalent sound intensity in the work interval of water turbine unit, finally, according to the first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity, determine the health state of water turbine unit, without artificial listening, the sound intensity collected is in the work interval of water turbine, so that the first equivalent sound intensity obtained is more accurate and effective to reflect the working state of water turbine, whether water turbine unit is faulty is judged in combination with sound intensity and amplitude, to more accurately judge the health state of water turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic equipment technology, and in particular to a method and terminal for diagnosing turbine faults. Background Technology

[0002] The turbine is the main equipment of a hydroelectric power station and the largest rotating metal component in the plant. Common faults include abrasion, cracks, and cavitation. The occurrence and escalation of turbine faults are generally accompanied by increased unit vibration. Traditionally, the health status of the turbine unit is reflected by its vibration level.

[0003] Due to the high technical and construction requirements for the installation of vibration and oscillation systems, some hydropower plants have not deployed such systems. They need to measure the unit's vibration and oscillation data at fixed intervals or when an anomaly is suspected, which makes it impossible for operators to understand the unit's vibration and oscillation data in real time and to judge the unit's health status in a timely manner.

[0004] Vibration of the turbine unit is the main cause of operating noise. The noise characteristics of the unit differ under different operating conditions and health states. Therefore, some experienced power plant workers can judge whether the unit has malfunctioned by listening. However, this method has disadvantages such as significant subjective influence, inability to form a unified standard, and low upper limit of accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and terminal for judging turbine faults, which can more accurately judge the health status of turbines.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for diagnosing turbine faults, comprising the following steps:

[0008] The real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit are obtained, and the equivalent sound intensity versus equivalent amplitude curve is obtained based on the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions.

[0009] The first equivalent sound intensity in the working room of the turbine unit was collected using a microphone.

[0010] The first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity is determined based on the relationship curve between the equivalent sound intensity and the equivalent amplitude.

[0011] The health status of the turbine unit is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude.

[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0013] A turbine fault diagnosis terminal includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it performs the following steps:

[0014] The real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit are obtained, and the equivalent sound intensity versus equivalent amplitude curve is obtained based on the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions.

[0015] The first equivalent sound intensity in the working room of the turbine unit was collected using a microphone.

[0016] The first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity is determined based on the relationship curve between the equivalent sound intensity and the equivalent amplitude.

[0017] The health status of the turbine unit is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Based on the obtained curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions and the curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions, the curves showing the relationship between equivalent sound intensity and equivalent amplitude are obtained. A microphone is used to collect the first equivalent sound intensity in the working chamber of the turbine unit. Finally, the health status of the turbine unit is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity. No manual listening is required. The collected sound intensity is located in the working chamber of the turbine. The first equivalent sound intensity obtained in this way more accurately and effectively reflects the working status of the turbine. Combining the sound intensity and amplitude, it is possible to determine whether the turbine unit is malfunctioning, thereby more accurately judging the health status of the turbine. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a turbine fault diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a turbine fault diagnosis terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 A method for diagnosing turbine faults, comprising the following steps:

[0023] The real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit are obtained, and the equivalent sound intensity versus equivalent amplitude curve is obtained based on the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions.

[0024] The first equivalent sound intensity in the working room of the turbine unit was collected using a microphone.

[0025] The first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity is determined based on the relationship curve between the equivalent sound intensity and the equivalent amplitude.

[0026] The health status of the turbine unit is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude.

[0027] As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Based on the obtained curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions and the curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions, the curves showing the relationship between equivalent sound intensity and equivalent amplitude are obtained. The first equivalent sound intensity in the working room of the turbine unit is collected using a microphone. Finally, the health status of the turbine unit is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity. No manual listening is required. The collected sound intensity is located in the working room of the turbine. The first equivalent sound intensity obtained in this way more accurately and effectively reflects the working status of the turbine. Combining the sound intensity and amplitude, it is possible to determine whether the turbine unit is faulty, thereby more accurately judging the health status of the turbine.

[0028] Furthermore, before obtaining the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit, the method further includes:

[0029] The fourth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, the fifth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, and the sixth sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the turbine unit were collected using a microphone under different operating conditions.

[0030] The second equivalent intensity is obtained based on the fourth intensity, the fifth intensity, and the sixth intensity;

[0031] The real-time flow rate of the turbine unit under different operating conditions was collected using a flow meter.

[0032] Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent sound intensity, polynomial fitting was used to obtain the relationship curves between real-time flow rate and equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions.

[0033] The first horizontal runout, the second horizontal runout, and the vertical runout of the main shaft of the turbine unit under different operating conditions were collected.

[0034] The second equivalent amplitude is obtained based on the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation.

[0035] Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent amplitude, polynomial fitting is used to obtain the relationship curves between real-time flow rate and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions.

[0036] As described above, the real-time flow rate and equivalent sound intensity curves under different operating conditions and the real-time flow rate and equivalent amplitude curves under different operating conditions are calculated first. This takes into account the two data that best reflect the turbine unit's faults, namely operating noise and unit oscillation, thereby achieving more accurate and reliable fault diagnosis.

[0037] Further, obtaining the second equivalent amplitude based on the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation includes:

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, A 等效 A represents the second equivalent amplitude. x A represents the first horizontal oscillation degree. y A represents the second horizontal oscillation. z This indicates the vertical oscillation degree.

[0040] As described above, the geometric average of the oscillation at different positions yields the equivalent amplitude, which is convenient for subsequent fault diagnosis by combining the equivalent sound intensity.

[0041] Furthermore, determining the health status of the turbine unit based on the first equivalent amplitude includes:

[0042] Obtain all the first equivalent amplitudes of the turbine unit within one day;

[0043] Calculate the average value of all the first equivalent amplitudes to obtain the average equivalent amplitude for the day;

[0044] Obtain the historical average equivalent amplitude of the turbine unit for a continuous preset number of historical days;

[0045] If the historical average equivalent amplitude and the current day's average equivalent amplitude continue to increase, or if the difference between the current average equivalent amplitude and the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude is greater than a preset percentage of the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude, then the health status of the turbine unit is determined to be faulty; otherwise, the health status of the turbine unit is determined to be fault-free.

[0046] As described above, if the equivalent amplitude continues to increase or changes abruptly, it indicates that the turbine unit is in an abnormal condition. Therefore, determining the health status of the turbine unit based on the collected sound intensity is more effective.

[0047] Furthermore, the step of using a microphone to collect the first equivalent sound intensity within the working chamber of the turbine unit includes:

[0048] The first sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, the second sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, and the third sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the water turbine unit are collected using a microphone.

[0049] Based on the number of blades and rotation frequency of the turbine unit, the first sound intensity, the second sound intensity and the third sound intensity are respectively subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity and the third nth harmonic sound intensity;

[0050] The first equivalent sound intensity is obtained based on the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity, and the third nth harmonic sound intensity;

[0051] The step of obtaining the first equivalent sound intensity based on the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity, and the third nth harmonic sound intensity includes:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, S 等效 S represents the first equivalent intensity. 水车室 S represents the intensity of the first nth harmonic frequency. 水轮机室 S represents the intensity of the second nth harmonic. 推力轴承室 This represents the intensity of the third nth harmonic.

[0054] As described above, collecting the sound intensity at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the turbine main shaft yields the first equivalent sound intensity, which is more average and reliable. Since the turbine blades periodically collide with the fault point, the frequency of the fault noise is equal to the turbine rotation frequency multiplied by the number of turbine blades. Based on the number of turbine blades and the rotation frequency, the sound intensity is processed into an n-fold harmonic sound intensity, which can filter out other noises and further improve the accuracy of the final fault diagnosis.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 2 A turbine fault diagnosis terminal includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it performs the following steps:

[0056] The real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit are obtained, and the equivalent sound intensity versus equivalent amplitude curve is obtained based on the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions.

[0057] The first equivalent sound intensity in the working room of the turbine unit was collected using a microphone.

[0058] The first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity is determined based on the relationship curve between the equivalent sound intensity and the equivalent amplitude.

[0059] The health status of the turbine unit is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude.

[0060] As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Based on the obtained curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions and the curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions, the curves showing the relationship between equivalent sound intensity and equivalent amplitude are obtained. The first equivalent sound intensity in the working room of the turbine unit is collected using a microphone. Finally, the health status of the turbine unit is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity. No manual listening is required. The collected sound intensity is located in the working room of the turbine. The first equivalent sound intensity obtained in this way more accurately and effectively reflects the working status of the turbine. Combining the sound intensity and amplitude, it is possible to determine whether the turbine unit is faulty, thereby more accurately judging the health status of the turbine.

[0061] Furthermore, before obtaining the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit, the method further includes:

[0062] The fourth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, the fifth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, and the sixth sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the turbine unit were collected using a microphone under different operating conditions.

[0063] The second equivalent intensity is obtained based on the fourth intensity, the fifth intensity, and the sixth intensity;

[0064] The real-time flow rate of the turbine unit under different operating conditions was collected using a flow meter.

[0065] Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent sound intensity, polynomial fitting was used to obtain the relationship curves between real-time flow rate and equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions.

[0066] The first horizontal runout, the second horizontal runout, and the vertical runout of the main shaft of the turbine unit under different operating conditions were collected.

[0067] The second equivalent amplitude is obtained based on the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation.

[0068] Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent amplitude, polynomial fitting is used to obtain the relationship curves between real-time flow rate and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions.

[0069] As described above, the real-time flow rate and equivalent sound intensity curves under different operating conditions and the real-time flow rate and equivalent amplitude curves under different operating conditions are calculated first. This takes into account the two data that best reflect the turbine unit's faults, namely operating noise and unit oscillation, thereby achieving more accurate and reliable fault diagnosis.

[0070] Further, obtaining the second equivalent amplitude based on the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation includes:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, A 等效 A represents the second equivalent amplitude. x A represents the first horizontal oscillation degree. y A represents the second horizontal oscillation. z This indicates the vertical oscillation degree.

[0073] As described above, the geometric average of the oscillation at different positions yields the equivalent amplitude, which is convenient for subsequent fault diagnosis by combining the equivalent sound intensity.

[0074] Furthermore, determining the health status of the turbine unit based on the first equivalent amplitude includes:

[0075] Obtain all the first equivalent amplitudes of the turbine unit within one day;

[0076] Calculate the average value of all the first equivalent amplitudes to obtain the average equivalent amplitude for the day;

[0077] Obtain the historical average equivalent amplitude of the turbine unit for a continuous preset number of historical days;

[0078] If the historical average equivalent amplitude and the current day's average equivalent amplitude continue to increase, or if the difference between the current average equivalent amplitude and the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude is greater than a preset percentage of the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude, then the health status of the turbine unit is determined to be faulty; otherwise, the health status of the turbine unit is determined to be fault-free.

[0079] As described above, if the equivalent amplitude continues to increase or changes abruptly, it indicates that the turbine unit is in an abnormal condition. Therefore, determining the health status of the turbine unit based on the collected sound intensity is more effective.

[0080] Furthermore, the step of using a microphone to collect the first equivalent sound intensity within the working chamber of the turbine unit includes:

[0081] The first sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, the second sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, and the third sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the water turbine unit are collected using a microphone.

[0082] Based on the number of blades and rotation frequency of the turbine unit, the first sound intensity, the second sound intensity and the third sound intensity are respectively subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity and the third nth harmonic sound intensity;

[0083] The first equivalent sound intensity is obtained based on the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity, and the third nth harmonic sound intensity;

[0084] The step of obtaining the first equivalent sound intensity based on the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity, and the third nth harmonic sound intensity includes:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, S 等效 S represents the first equivalent intensity. 水车室 S represents the intensity of the first nth harmonic frequency. 水轮机室 S represents the intensity of the second nth harmonic. 推力轴承室 This represents the intensity of the third nth harmonic.

[0087] As described above, collecting the sound intensity at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the turbine main shaft yields the first equivalent sound intensity, which is more average and reliable. Since the turbine blades periodically collide with the fault point, the frequency of the fault noise is equal to the turbine rotation frequency multiplied by the number of turbine blades. Based on the number of turbine blades and the rotation frequency, the sound intensity is processed into an n-fold harmonic sound intensity, which can filter out other noises and further improve the accuracy of the final fault diagnosis.

[0088] The turbine fault diagnosis method and terminal described above are applicable to scenarios requiring turbine fault diagnosis. The specific implementation details are as follows:

[0089] Please refer to Figure 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows:

[0090] A method for diagnosing turbine faults, comprising the following steps:

[0091] S1. Use a microphone to collect the fourth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, the fifth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, and the sixth sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the turbine unit under different operating conditions.

[0092] The waterwheel chamber is located in the middle of the turbine main shaft, the turbine chamber is located below the turbine main shaft, and the thrust bearing chamber is located above the turbine main shaft. By collecting the sound intensity at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the turbine main shaft, the obtained sound intensity is more uniform, which improves the accuracy of subsequent fault diagnosis.

[0093] S2. Obtain the second equivalent intensity based on the fourth intensity, the fifth intensity, and the sixth intensity;

[0094] In one optional implementation, the fourth, fifth, and sixth sound intensities are subjected to Fast Fourier Transform based on the number of blades and rotation frequency of the turbine unit to obtain the fourth nth harmonic sound intensity, the fifth nth harmonic sound intensity, and the sixth nth harmonic sound intensity. Then, the second equivalent sound intensity is obtained based on the fourth nth harmonic sound intensity, the fifth nth harmonic sound intensity, and the sixth nth harmonic sound intensity.

[0095] The formula for calculating the second equivalent intensity is the same as that in S93.

[0096] S3. Use a flow meter to collect the real-time flow of the turbine unit under different operating conditions;

[0097] In one optional implementation, a flow meter is used to collect the real-time flow rate at the pressure steel pipe of the turbine unit under different operating conditions. That is, the flow meter is set at the pressure steel pipe of the turbine, which is the water inlet position. It can also be set at other positions according to the actual situation.

[0098] S4. Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent sound intensity, a polynomial fitting is used to obtain the relationship curve between the real-time flow rate and the equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions. The equivalent sound intensity at the corresponding moment can be obtained from the real-time flow rate.

[0099] S5. Collect the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation of the main shaft of the turbine unit under different operating conditions;

[0100] In one alternative implementation, for power plants that do not have a sway system deployed, a distance sensor is temporarily deployed on the main shaft of the turbine unit. The distance sensor is used to collect the first horizontal sway, the second horizontal sway, and the vertical sway of the main shaft under different operating conditions of the turbine unit.

[0101] S6. The second equivalent amplitude is obtained based on the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation, specifically as follows:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, A 等效 A represents the second equivalent amplitude. x A represents the first horizontal oscillation degree. y A represents the second horizontal oscillation. z This indicates the vertical oscillation degree.

[0104] S7. Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent amplitude, a polynomial fitting is used to obtain the relationship curve between the real-time flow rate and the equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions;

[0105] Specifically, after squaring the second equivalent amplitude, a polynomial fitting is used to obtain the relationship curve between real-time flow and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions based on the squared second equivalent amplitude and the real-time flow. The equivalent amplitude at the corresponding time can be obtained from the real-time flow.

[0106] Once determined, the real-time flow rate and equivalent sound intensity curves under different operating conditions of the turbine unit, as well as the real-time flow rate and equivalent amplitude curves under different operating conditions, can be used for fault diagnosis. They will only be updated again after the turbine unit is overhauled, i.e., re-determined according to S1-S7.

[0107] S8. Obtain the real-time flow rate and equivalent sound intensity relationship curves and the real-time flow rate and equivalent amplitude relationship curves under different operating conditions of the turbine unit, and obtain the equivalent sound intensity and equivalent amplitude relationship curves based on the real-time flow rate and equivalent sound intensity relationship curves and the real-time flow rate and equivalent amplitude relationship curves under different operating conditions.

[0108] The curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions and the curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions are combined using a common parameter (i.e., real-time flow). By eliminating this common parameter, the curves showing the relationship between equivalent sound intensity and equivalent amplitude can be obtained.

[0109] S9. Use a microphone to collect the first equivalent sound intensity in the working chamber of the turbine unit, specifically including S91-S93:

[0110] S91. Use a microphone to collect the first sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, the second sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, and the third sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the water turbine unit.

[0111] S92. Based on the number of blades and rotation frequency of the turbine unit, perform fast Fourier transform on the first sound intensity, the second sound intensity and the third sound intensity respectively to obtain the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity and the third nth harmonic sound intensity;

[0112] Since the output current frequency of the turbine unit remains constant at 50Hz and the number of generator poles remains constant, the turbine rotation frequency also remains constant. The fixed rotation frequency of the turbine often results in the fault noise frequency being an integer multiple of the turbine rotation frequency. A common situation is that the turbine blades periodically collide with the fault point, making the fault noise frequency equal to the turbine rotation frequency multiplied by the number of turbine blades. If the turbine rotation period is T, the rotation frequency is f, and the turbine has n blades, the fault noise frequency is often f, n*f, 2n*f, etc. Therefore, based on the number of turbine blades and the rotation frequency, a Fast Fourier Transform is performed on the first, second, and third sound intensities to obtain the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity, and the third nth harmonic sound intensity, which correspond to the sound intensity at a frequency of n*f. This can effectively filter out other noises and avoid affecting the final fault diagnosis result.

[0113] For example, a water turbine rotates at 120 revolutions per minute with a rotation frequency of 2 Hz and has 6 blades. The frequency of fault noise is often 2, 6*2, 12*2, etc. The collected sound intensity is subjected to a fast Fourier transform, and the sound intensity corresponding to the frequency 12 (=6*2) is called the 6th harmonic sound intensity.

[0114] S93. The first equivalent intensity is obtained based on the first nth harmonic intensity, the second nth harmonic intensity, and the third nth harmonic intensity, specifically as follows:

[0115]

[0116] In the formula, S 等效 S represents the first equivalent intensity. 水车室 S represents the intensity of the first nth harmonic frequency. 水轮机室 S represents the intensity of the second nth harmonic. 推力轴承室 This represents the intensity of the third nth harmonic. The first equivalent intensity is the same as the intensity of the first nth harmonic.

[0117] S10. Determine the first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity based on the equivalent sound intensity-equivalent amplitude relationship curve.

[0118] S11. Determine the health status of the turbine unit based on the first equivalent amplitude, specifically including S111-S114:

[0119] S111. Obtain all the first equivalent amplitudes of the turbine unit within one day.

[0120] S112. Calculate the average value of all the first equivalent amplitudes to obtain the average equivalent amplitude for the day.

[0121] S113. Obtain the historical average equivalent amplitude of the turbine unit for a continuous preset number of historical days.

[0122] The preset number of historical days can be determined according to the actual situation. In one optional implementation, the preset number of historical days is 5, that is, the historical average equivalent amplitude of the turbine unit is obtained for 5 consecutive historical days.

[0123] S114. Determine whether the historical average equivalent amplitude and the current day's average equivalent amplitude continue to increase, or whether the difference between the current average equivalent amplitude and the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude is greater than a preset percentage of the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude. If yes, determine that the turbine unit's health status is faulty; otherwise, determine that the turbine unit's health status is fault-free.

[0124] In one alternative implementation, the preset percentage is 3%.

[0125] For example, if the average equivalent amplitude has been increasing for the past 5 days plus today, or if the difference between today's average equivalent amplitude and yesterday's average equivalent amplitude is greater than 3% of yesterday's average equivalent amplitude, then the turbine unit is considered to be in a faulty state.

[0126] The method described above, without requiring complex and expensive equipment installation, grasps the objective laws of water flow vibration and vibration-generated sound by using readily available data on turbine noise (i.e., sound intensity) and power generation flow rate. It accurately estimates the turbine runout data, which is very important for hydropower plants, thereby enabling a more accurate assessment of the turbine's health status.

[0127] Please refer to Figure 2 Embodiment two of the present invention is as follows:

[0128] A turbine fault diagnosis terminal includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the various steps in the turbine fault diagnosis method of Embodiment 1.

[0129] In summary, the present invention provides a method and terminal for diagnosing turbine faults. Based on the obtained curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions, and the curves showing the relationship between real-time flow and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions, an equivalent sound intensity and equivalent amplitude curve are obtained. A microphone is used to collect the first equivalent sound intensity within the turbine's operating chamber. Finally, the health status of the turbine is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity. This method eliminates the need for manual listening, and the collected sound intensity is located within the turbine's operating chamber, thus obtaining a more accurate and effective first equivalent sound intensity. This system reflects the operating status of the turbine and combines sound intensity and amplitude to determine whether the turbine unit is malfunctioning, thus more accurately assessing the turbine's health status. Furthermore, by collecting sound intensity data from the upper, middle, and lower positions of the turbine's main shaft, a first equivalent sound intensity is obtained, resulting in more average values ​​and higher reliability. Since the turbine blades periodically collide with the fault point, the frequency of the fault noise equals the turbine's rotational frequency multiplied by the number of blades. Based on the number of turbine blades and rotational frequency, the sound intensity is processed into n-harmonic frequencies, filtering out other noise and further improving the accuracy of the final fault diagnosis.

[0130] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for diagnosing turbine faults, characterized in that, Including the following steps: The real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit are obtained, and the equivalent sound intensity versus equivalent amplitude curve is obtained based on the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions. The first equivalent sound intensity in the working room of the turbine unit was collected using a microphone. The first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity is determined based on the relationship curve between the equivalent sound intensity and the equivalent amplitude. The health status of the turbine unit is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude. Before obtaining the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit, the process also includes: The fourth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, the fifth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, and the sixth sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the turbine unit were collected using a microphone under different operating conditions. The second equivalent intensity is obtained based on the fourth intensity, the fifth intensity, and the sixth intensity; The real-time flow rate of the turbine unit under different operating conditions was collected using a flow meter. Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent sound intensity, polynomial fitting was used to obtain the relationship curves between real-time flow rate and equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions. The first horizontal runout, the second horizontal runout, and the vertical runout of the main shaft of the turbine unit under different operating conditions were collected. The second equivalent amplitude is obtained based on the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation. Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent amplitude, polynomial fitting is used to obtain the relationship curves between real-time flow rate and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions; The step of obtaining the second equivalent amplitude based on the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation includes: ； In the formula, A 等效 A represents the second equivalent amplitude. x A represents the first horizontal oscillation degree. y A represents the second horizontal oscillation. z This indicates the vertical oscillation degree; The step of using a microphone to collect the first equivalent sound intensity within the working chamber of the turbine unit includes: The first sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, the second sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, and the third sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the water turbine unit are collected using a microphone. Based on the number of blades and rotation frequency of the turbine unit, the first sound intensity, the second sound intensity and the third sound intensity are respectively subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity and the third nth harmonic sound intensity; The first equivalent sound intensity is obtained based on the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity, and the third nth harmonic sound intensity; The step of obtaining the first equivalent sound intensity based on the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity, and the third nth harmonic sound intensity includes: ； In the formula, S 等效 S represents the first equivalent intensity. 水车室 S represents the intensity of the first nth harmonic frequency. 水轮机室 S represents the intensity of the second nth harmonic. 推力轴承室 This represents the intensity of the third nth harmonic.

2. The method for diagnosing turbine faults according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the health status of the turbine unit based on the first equivalent amplitude includes: Obtain all the first equivalent amplitudes of the turbine unit within one day; Calculate the average value of all the first equivalent amplitudes to obtain the average equivalent amplitude for the day; Obtain the historical average equivalent amplitude of the turbine unit for a continuous preset number of historical days; If the historical average equivalent amplitude and the current day's average equivalent amplitude continue to increase, or if the difference between the current day's average equivalent amplitude and the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude is greater than a preset percentage of the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude, then the turbine unit's health status is determined to be faulty; otherwise, the turbine unit's health status is determined to be fault-free.

3. A turbine fault diagnosis terminal, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it performs the following steps: The real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit are obtained, and the equivalent sound intensity versus equivalent amplitude curve is obtained based on the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions. The first equivalent sound intensity in the working room of the turbine unit was collected using a microphone. The first equivalent amplitude corresponding to the first equivalent sound intensity is determined based on the relationship curve between the equivalent sound intensity and the equivalent amplitude. The health status of the turbine unit is determined based on the first equivalent amplitude. Before obtaining the real-time flow rate versus equivalent sound intensity curve and the real-time flow rate versus equivalent amplitude curve under different operating conditions of the turbine unit, the process also includes: The fourth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, the fifth sound intensity of the turbine chamber, and the sixth sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the turbine unit were collected using a microphone under different operating conditions. The second equivalent intensity is obtained based on the fourth intensity, the fifth intensity, and the sixth intensity; The real-time flow rate of the turbine unit under different operating conditions was collected using a flow meter. Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent sound intensity, polynomial fitting was used to obtain the relationship curves between real-time flow rate and equivalent sound intensity under different operating conditions. The first horizontal runout, the second horizontal runout, and the vertical runout of the main shaft of the turbine unit under different operating conditions were collected. The second equivalent amplitude is obtained based on the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation. Based on the real-time flow rate and the second equivalent amplitude, polynomial fitting is used to obtain the relationship curves between real-time flow rate and equivalent amplitude under different operating conditions; The step of obtaining the second equivalent amplitude based on the first horizontal oscillation, the second horizontal oscillation, and the vertical oscillation includes: ； In the formula, A 等效 A represents the second equivalent amplitude. x A represents the first horizontal oscillation degree. y A represents the second horizontal oscillation. z This indicates the vertical oscillation degree; The step of using a microphone to collect the first equivalent sound intensity within the working chamber of the turbine unit includes: The first sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, the second sound intensity of the water turbine chamber, and the third sound intensity of the thrust bearing chamber of the water turbine unit are collected using a microphone. Based on the number of blades and rotation frequency of the turbine unit, the first sound intensity, the second sound intensity and the third sound intensity are respectively subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity and the third nth harmonic sound intensity; The first equivalent sound intensity is obtained based on the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity, and the third nth harmonic sound intensity; The step of obtaining the first equivalent sound intensity based on the first nth harmonic sound intensity, the second nth harmonic sound intensity, and the third nth harmonic sound intensity includes: ； In the formula, S 等效 S represents the first equivalent intensity. 水车室 S represents the intensity of the first nth harmonic frequency. 水轮机室 S represents the intensity of the second nth harmonic. 推力轴承室 This represents the intensity of the third nth harmonic.

4. A turbine fault diagnosis terminal according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of the health status of the turbine unit based on the first equivalent amplitude includes: Obtain all the first equivalent amplitudes of the turbine unit within one day; Calculate the average value of all the first equivalent amplitudes to obtain the average equivalent amplitude for the day; Obtain the historical average equivalent amplitude of the turbine unit for a continuous preset number of historical days; If the historical average equivalent amplitude and the current day's average equivalent amplitude continue to increase, or if the difference between the current day's average equivalent amplitude and the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude is greater than a preset percentage of the previous day's historical average equivalent amplitude, then the turbine unit's health status is determined to be faulty; otherwise, the turbine unit's health status is determined to be fault-free.

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