Anti-collision self-breaking laser cutting head device

Abstract

This invention discloses an anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device, comprising a cutting head, a vibration damper, and a mounting sleeve. A steel ring is installed inside the vibration damper, and fiber optic sensing lines are installed on the opposite outer walls of the steel ring. A vibration spring is installed between the bottom of the steel ring and the bottom of the vibration damper. An access hole is provided on the outer wall of the vibration damper corresponding to the position of the fiber optic sensing line. The access hole is connected to a fiber optic sensor via a sensing cable. A first laser beam passes through the sensing cable and the access hole to enter one of the fiber optic sensing lines. The measured fiber optic data is transmitted to the fiber optic sensor via another fiber optic sensing line and another sensing cable. In this invention, when the cutting head end is impacted, the vibration spring is compressed and vibrates, causing the fiber optic lines between the sensing lines to deviate from their original transport path. The fiber optic sensor detects the abnormal data and controls the laser cutting machine to stop based on the abnormal fiber optic signal. The laser cutting machine is stopped when subjected to vibration and impact, preventing damage to the product caused by the dispersion of the first laser beam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and specifically to an anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting utilizes a laser beam to irradiate the material being cut, rapidly heating it to its vaporization temperature and causing it to evaporate and form a hole. As the beam moves across the material, the hole continuously forms a very narrow kerf, completing the cutting of the material. The mechanical parts of the laser cutting head do not contact the workpiece being cut, so it will not scratch the working surface during operation. The cutting is noiseless and can process any planar or three-dimensional workpiece.

[0003] During laser cutting, due to reasons such as workpiece warping (irregular workpiece material) or workpiece fixture misalignment, the equipment may not process according to the original cutting trajectory. The laser cutting head may collide with the workpiece or workpiece, causing damage to the cutting head. The optical path may also be misaligned due to vibration during the collision, resulting in light dispersion, incomplete cutting of the product, edge burning, and product scrap.

[0004] The current solution to the above problem is to use a spring-mounted structure to mount the cutting head on the cutting machine. This allows the cutting head to retract upon impact, preventing damage to the machine head. However, the laser cutting process is not stopped in time, and laser dispersion can still cause product damage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this, the present invention provides an anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device, which effectively solves the problems of existing anti-impact structures that can only cause the cutting head to retract upon impact to avoid damage, cannot stop the laser cutting process in time, and cause the laser to be dispersed by the impact vibration, resulting in product damage.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solution: an anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device, comprising:

[0007] The cutting head has a tail mirror cooling chamber and a tail mirror chamber installed from top to bottom. The tail mirror is installed in the tail mirror chamber. A conical light guide tube is installed at the bottom of the tail mirror chamber. A copper cutting nozzle is installed inside the conical light guide tube. The copper cutting nozzle extends out of the head of the cutting head.

[0008] A vibration damper is installed on the cutting head. The bottom of the vibration damper is connected to the tail mirror cooling chamber by bolts. A steel ring is installed inside the vibration damper. Optical fiber sensing lines are installed on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the steel ring. A vibration spring is installed between the bottom of the steel ring and the bottom of the vibration damper.

[0009] A mounting sleeve is installed on the head of a laser cutting machine, and the cutting head is mounted on the laser cutting machine via the mounting sleeve.

[0010] An access hole is provided on the outer wall of the shock absorber corresponding to the position of the optical fiber sensing line. The access hole is connected to the optical fiber sensor through a sensing cable. The first laser beam passes through the sensing cable and the access hole and enters the optical fiber sensing line. The measured optical fiber value is transmitted to the optical fiber sensor through another optical fiber sensing line and another sensing cable.

[0011] When the cutting head end is impacted, the vibration spring is squeezed and vibrates, the optical fiber line between the optical fiber sensing lines deviates from the original transport path, and the abnormal data is detected by the optical fiber sensor. Based on the optical fiber abnormal signal, the laser cutting machine is controlled to stop.

[0012] Furthermore,

[0013] The vibration damper has an annular groove seat inside, and a buffer ring plate and an outer steel ring are installed inside the vibration damper from top to bottom. The buffer ring plate and the outer steel ring are installed on the annular groove seat by bolts.

[0014] An installation ring is provided outside the steel ring, and the top of the steel ring passes through the buffer ring plate. The outer steel ring is provided outside the steel ring, and a transmission hole is opened at the bottom of the outer steel ring. The transmission hole is directly opposite the access hole, and the optical fiber induction line passes through the transmission hole.

[0015] Furthermore,

[0016] The tail mirror cooling chamber is provided with a tail mirror cooling water inlet pipe and a tail mirror cooling water outlet pipe on both sides, and the ends of the tail mirror cooling water inlet pipe and the tail mirror cooling water outlet pipe extend to the outside of the cutting head.

[0017] The tail mirror cooling chamber is bolted to the tail mirror chamber below, and the tail mirror chamber is bolted to the conical light guide tube below. The conical light guide tube is threaded to the copper cutting nozzle.

[0018] The outer periphery of the cutting head is covered with smooth silicone foam to form a protective ring.

[0019] Furthermore,

[0020] The top of the shock absorber is connected to a power cylinder, the end of which extends into the mounting sleeve, and the power cylinder faces the laser emission direction inside the mounting sleeve.

[0021] A blocking structure is provided inside the mounting sleeve. The blocking structure includes at least two light-passing rings, which are arranged vertically along the length of the mounting sleeve.

[0022] The second laser beam passes through the optical ring. When the power cylinder is pressed into the mounting sleeve, the optical ring moves outward to block the passage of the second laser beam through the mounting sleeve into the power cylinder.

[0023] Furthermore,

[0024] A connecting ring is fitted around the outer periphery of the power cylinder, the power cylinder passes through the mounting sleeve, the top end of the mounting sleeve is open, the mounting sleeve has a through groove at the through end of the power cylinder, and a connecting spring is provided between the connecting ring and the bottom of the mounting sleeve.

[0025] The two ends of the connecting spring are respectively connected to the connecting ring and the bottom of the mounting sleeve, and the connecting spring is wound around the outer periphery of the power cylinder.

[0026] Furthermore,

[0027] A connecting cone is fitted onto the outer wall of the end of the power cylinder;

[0028] At least two vertically arranged vertical mounting brackets are installed on the inner wall of the top of the mounting sleeve. The bottom of the vertical mounting brackets has an opening through which a movable bolt passes. The end of the movable bolt abuts against the side wall of the connecting cone.

[0029] The top radius of the connecting cone is smaller than the bottom radius of the connecting cone.

[0030] Furthermore,

[0031] A limit buckle is connected to the movable bolt;

[0032] The outer diameter of the movable bolt is the same as the inner diameter of the opening, and the outer diameter of the limiting buckle is larger than the inner diameter of the opening.

[0033] Furthermore,

[0034] A compression spring is provided between the limiting buckle and the side wall of the vertical mounting bracket, and the compression spring is wound around the outer periphery of the movable bolt.

[0035] Furthermore,

[0036] The limiting buckle is connected to a movable plate on its side. The limiting buckle is at least partially embedded in the movable plate. The movable plate is perpendicular to the movable bolt and parallel to the vertical mounting bracket.

[0037] The top of the movable plate is vertically connected to a connecting plate, the light ring is connected to the connecting plate, and the vertical mounting bracket has a through slot for the connecting plate to pass through.

[0038] The mounting sleeve has a groove on its side wall for the movable plate to pass through. The mounting sleeve is formed by connecting two cylinders, with the inner diameter of the upper part being larger than that of the lower part.

[0039] Furthermore,

[0040] The inner diameter of the light ring is the same as the width of the light ring body;

[0041] The difference between the top and bottom outer diameters of the connecting cone is greater than or equal to the width of the light ring, but less than the outer diameter of the light ring.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0043] In this invention, a vibration damper is installed on the cutting head, and a steel ring is set inside the vibration damper. Optical fiber sensing lines are installed on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the steel ring. A vibration spring is installed between the bottom of the steel ring and the bottom of the vibration damper. An access hole is opened on the outer wall of the vibration damper corresponding to the position of the optical fiber sensing line. The access hole is connected to the optical fiber sensor through a sensing cable. The first laser beam passes through the sensing cable and the access hole and enters the optical fiber sensing line. The measured optical fiber value is transmitted to the optical fiber sensor through another optical fiber sensing line and another sensing cable. When the end of the cutting head is impacted, the vibration spring is squeezed and vibrates, and the optical fiber line between the optical fiber sensing lines deviates from the original transport path. The optical fiber sensor detects the abnormal data and controls the laser cutting machine to stop based on the optical fiber abnormal signal. On the one hand, this reduces the vibration and retracts the cutting head when it is impacted, avoiding damage to the cutting head. On the other hand, when it is vibrated, the laser cutting machine is controlled to stop according to the abnormal signal of the corresponding optical fiber line, avoiding damage to the product caused by the dispersion of the first laser beam. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting head structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the shock absorber throat in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the shock absorber throat under impact and compression in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a top view of the shock absorber throat in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention when the power cylinder is compressed;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the optical ring structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the optical ring is moved outward and the outward movement distance is equal to the width of the optical ring body;

[0054] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the optical ring is moved outward and the distance of the outward movement is equal to the outer diameter of the optical ring.

[0055] The labels in the diagram represent the following:

[0056] 1-Cutting head; 2-Vibration damper throat; 3-Mounting sleeve; 4-Tail mirror cooling chamber; 5-Tail mirror chamber; 6-Tail mirror; 7-Conical light guide tube; 8-Copper cutting nozzle; 9-Blocking structure; 10-Steel ring; 11-Fiber optic induction line; 12-Vibration spring; 13-Inlet hole; 14-Induction cable; 15-Annular groove seat; 16-Buffer ring plate; 17-Outer steel ring; 18-Mounting ring; 19-Transmission hole; 20-Tail mirror cooling water inlet pipe; 21-Tail mirror cooling water outlet pipe; 22-Power cylinder; 23-Connecting ring; 24-Through groove; 25-Connecting spring; 26-Through groove; 27-Wall groove;

[0057] 91-Passing light ring; 92-Connecting cone; 93-Vertical mounting bracket; 94-Opening; 95-Modible bolt; 96-Limit buckle; 97-Compression spring; 98-Modible plate; 99-Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides an anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device, comprising a cutting head 1, a shock absorber throat 2, and a mounting sleeve 3.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the tail mirror cooling chamber 4 and tail mirror chamber 5 are installed in the cutting head 1 from top to bottom. The tail mirror 6 is installed in the tail mirror chamber 5. A conical light guide tube 7 is installed at the bottom of the tail mirror chamber 5. A copper cutting nozzle 8 is installed in the conical light guide tube 7. The copper cutting nozzle 8 extends out of the head of the cutting head 1.

[0061] The vibration damper 2 is installed on the cutting head 1. The bottom of the vibration damper 2 is connected to the tail mirror cooling chamber 4 by bolts. A steel ring 10 is installed inside the vibration damper 2. Optical fiber sensing lines 11 are installed on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the steel ring 10. A vibration spring 12 is installed between the bottom of the steel ring 10 and the bottom of the vibration damper 2.

[0062] Mounting sleeve 3 is installed on the head of the laser cutting machine, and cutting head 1 is mounted on the laser cutting machine through mounting sleeve 3.

[0063] An access hole 13 is provided on the outer wall of the vibration damper 2 at the position corresponding to the fiber optic sensing line 11. The access hole 13 is connected to the fiber optic sensor through the sensing cable 14. The first laser beam passes through the sensing cable 14 and the access hole 13 and enters the fiber optic sensing line 11. The measured fiber optic values ​​are transmitted to the fiber optic sensor through another fiber optic sensing line 11 and another sensing cable 14. When the end of the cutting head 1 is impacted, the vibration spring 12 is squeezed and vibrates, and the fiber optic line between the fiber optic sensing lines 11 deviates from the original transport path. The fiber optic sensor detects the abnormal data and controls the laser cutting machine to stop based on the abnormal fiber optic signal.

[0064] In this invention, a vibration damper 2 is installed on the cutting head 1. A steel ring 10 is installed inside the vibration damper 2. Optical fiber sensing lines 11 are installed on the opposite outer walls of the steel ring 10. A vibration spring 12 is installed between the bottom of the steel ring 10 and the bottom of the vibration damper 2. An access hole 13 is opened on the outer wall of the vibration damper 2 at the position corresponding to the optical fiber sensing line 11. The access hole 13 is connected to the optical fiber sensor through the sensing cable 14. The first laser beam passes through the sensing cable 14 and the access hole 13 and enters the optical fiber sensing line 11. The measured optical fiber is transmitted through another optical fiber sensing line 11 and another sensing cable 14. The data is transmitted to the fiber optic sensor. When the cutting head 1 is impacted, the vibration spring 12 is squeezed and vibrates, and the fiber optic line between the fiber optic sensing lines 11 deviates from the original transport path. The fiber optic sensor detects the abnormal data and controls the laser cutting machine to stop based on the abnormal fiber optic signal. On the one hand, this reduces the vibration and retracts the cutting head 1 when it is impacted, thus preventing damage to the cutting head 1. On the other hand, when it is vibrated, the laser cutting machine is controlled to stop according to the abnormal signal of the corresponding fiber optic line, thus preventing the first laser beam from being dispersed and causing damage to the product, thereby protecting the cutting head 1 and the product.

[0065] To prevent damage to the equipment from excessive impact, the present invention incorporates the following design features: Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, an annular groove seat 15 is provided inside the vibration damper 2. A buffer ring plate 16 and an outer steel ring 17 are installed inside the vibration damper 2 from top to bottom. The buffer ring plate 16 and the outer steel ring 17 are installed on the annular groove seat 15 by bolts. An installation ring 18 is provided outside the steel ring 10. The buffer ring plate 16 is directly opposite the installation ring 18. When the cutting head 1 is impacted, it is squeezed by the vibration spring 12, causing the steel ring 10 to move upward or tilt, which in turn causes the installation ring 18 to move upward. The buffer ring plate 16 plays a role in buffering the installation ring 18, and the steel ring 10 will not directly impact the equipment.

[0066] The top of the steel ring 10 passes through the buffer ring plate 16. The outer steel ring 17 is set outside the steel ring 10. A transmission hole 19 is opened at the bottom of the outer steel ring 17, which is directly opposite the access hole 13. The fiber optic sensing line 11 passes through the transmission hole 19 and can connect to the access hole 13. Since the steel ring 10 is in a movable state inside the shock absorber 2, the fiber optic sensing line 11 is also in a movable state. When subjected to impact vibration, the spring 12 is in a compressed state, such as... Figure 4 As shown, if the steel ring 10 moves upward or tilts, it will cause the fiber optic sensing line 11 to deviate from the access hole 13, causing the fiber optic transmission path to bend and deviate from the original transmission path. After bending, the fiber optic sensing line 11 is not directly facing the access hole 13. The first laser beam cannot be transmitted to the fiber optic sensing line 11 after passing through the access hole 13. Since the two fiber optic sensing lines 11 cannot form an optical path, the fiber optic sensing line 11 on the other side will not detect light and will receive an abnormal signal.

[0067] The design of the vibration spring 12 also enables the cutting head 1 to retract inward when it is impacted, thus avoiding damage from the collision.

[0068] Inside the cutting head 1, the following components are installed in sequence: a vibration damper 1, a tail mirror cooling chamber 4, a tail mirror chamber 5, a conical light guide tube 7, and a copper cutting nozzle 8. The second laser beam entering the cutting head 1 passes through the tail mirror cooling chamber 4 and enters the tail mirror chamber 5. After passing through the tail mirror 6, it forms a focused beam and then passes through the conical light guide tube 7 and the copper cutting nozzle 8 to form a narrow laser beam that is emitted onto the workpiece to be cut.

[0069] The tail mirror cooling chamber 4 is used to cool the tail mirror. The tail mirror cooling chamber 4 is provided with a tail mirror cooling water inlet pipe 20 and a tail mirror cooling water outlet pipe 21 on both sides. The ends of the tail mirror cooling water inlet pipe 20 and the tail mirror cooling water outlet pipe 21 extend to the outside of the cutting head 1. Cooling water is injected from the end of the tail mirror cooling water inlet pipe 20 and discharged from the end of the tail mirror cooling water outlet pipe 21.

[0070] The tail mirror cooling chamber 4 is bolted to the tail mirror chamber 5, the tail mirror chamber 5 is bolted to the conical light guide tube 7, and the conical light guide tube 7 is threaded to the copper cutting nozzle 8.

[0071] In order to protect the cutting head 1, the present invention also makes the following design: the outer periphery of the cutting head 1 is covered with smooth silicone foam to form a protective ring. The smooth silicone foam is the main material for protecting the cutting head 1 and can play a certain buffering role when impacted. The material is selected to have good sealing performance, high and low temperature resistance, aging resistance, hardness of about 15°, uniform foaming and smooth surface.

[0072] In addition to cutting off the power to stop the laser cutting machine, this invention also uses the method of blocking the second laser beam transport channel to avoid laser beam divergence during the shutdown delay, which could cause burns to the product. The main design is as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a power cylinder 22 is connected to the top of the vibration damper 2. The end of the power cylinder 22 extends into the mounting sleeve 3. The power cylinder 22 is directly facing the laser emission direction inside the mounting sleeve 3. A blocking structure 9 is provided inside the mounting sleeve 3. The blocking structure 9 includes at least two light-passing rings 91. The light-passing rings 91 are arranged vertically along the length of the mounting sleeve 3. The second laser beam passes through the light-passing rings 91. When the power cylinder 22 is pressed into the mounting sleeve 3, the light-passing rings 91 move outward to block the passage of the second laser beam through the mounting sleeve 3 into the power cylinder 22.

[0073] In general, the emission path of the second laser beam is as follows: it passes through the opening end of the mounting sleeve 3, through the light ring 91 into the power cylinder 22, through the power cylinder 22 into the vibration damping throat 2, then through the tail mirror cooling chamber 4 into the tail mirror chamber 5, and after passing through the tail mirror 6, it forms a focused beam, and then passes through the conical light guide tube 7 and the copper cutting nozzle 8 to form a narrow laser beam that is emitted onto the workpiece to be cut.

[0074] There are at least two optical rings 91 of the same size. When the two optical rings 91 overlap vertically, the second laser beam can enter the power cylinder 22 through the hole in the optical ring 91. When the two optical rings 91 move in different directions, the hole in the middle is no longer directly facing the emission path of the second laser beam. The ring body of the optical ring 91 moves into the transmission path of the second laser beam and blocks the second laser beam. The optical rings 91 are made of materials that cannot be cut by laser cutting, such as steel and copper.

[0075] To achieve further inward retraction of the cutting head 1 upon impact, the present invention also incorporates the following design features, such as... Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, a connecting ring 23 is fitted around the outer periphery of the power cylinder 22. The power cylinder 22 passes through the mounting sleeve 3. The top end of the mounting sleeve 3 is open. The mounting sleeve 3 has a through groove 24 at the through end of the power cylinder 2. A connecting spring 25 is provided between the connecting ring 23 and the bottom of the mounting sleeve 3. The two ends of the connecting spring 25 are respectively connected to the connecting ring 23 and the bottom of the mounting sleeve 3. The connecting spring 25 is wound around the outer periphery of the power cylinder 22.

[0076] When the cutting head 1 is impacted, the cutting head 1 retracts inward, the power cylinder 22 retracts into the mounting sleeve 3 under the impact force, the connecting ring 23 moves upward into the mounting sleeve 3, and the connecting spring 25 gradually extends.

[0077] In addition, in order to ensure that the second laser beam is cut off upon impact, the present invention also includes the following design: a connecting cone 92 is fitted on the outer wall of the end of the power cylinder 22, and at least two vertically arranged vertical mounting brackets 93 are installed on the inner wall of the top of the mounting sleeve 3. An opening 94 is provided at the bottom of the vertical mounting bracket 93, and a movable bolt 95 passes through the opening 94. The end of the movable bolt 95 abuts against the side wall of the connecting cone 92. The top radius of the connecting cone 92 is smaller than the bottom radius of the connecting cone 92.

[0078] A limit buckle 96 is connected to the movable bolt 94. The outer diameter of the movable bolt 94 is the same as the inner diameter of the opening 94, and the outer diameter of the limit buckle 96 is larger than the inner diameter of the opening 94.

[0079] A compression spring 97 is provided between the limit buckle 96 and the side wall of the vertical mounting bracket 93, and the compression spring 97 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the movable bolt.

[0080] The limit buckle 96 is connected to a movable plate 98 on its side. The limit buckle 96 is at least partially embedded in the movable plate 98. The movable plate 98 and the movable bolt 95 are perpendicular to each other. The movable plate 98 is parallel to the vertical mounting bracket 93. A connecting plate 99 is vertically connected to the top of the movable plate 98. A light ring 91 is connected to the connecting plate 99. A through slot 26 is provided on the vertical mounting bracket 93 for the connecting plate 99 to pass through.

[0081] The side wall of the mounting sleeve 3 has a groove 27 for the movable plate 98 to pass through. The mounting sleeve 3 is formed by connecting two upper and lower cylinders, and the inner diameter of the upper part is larger than the inner diameter of the lower part.

[0082] When the cutting head 1 is impacted, it retracts inward, and the power cylinder 22 retracts into the mounting sleeve 3 under the impact force. The connecting ring 23 moves upward into the mounting sleeve 3. The upward movement of the power cylinder 22 drives the connecting cone 92 to move upward. At the same time as the connecting cone 92 moves upward, the movable bolt 95 moves outward under the squeezing force, causing the squeezing spring 97 to be stretched. The limit buckle 96 moves outward, driving the movable plate 98 to move outward. The movable plate 98 moves outward through the wall groove 27, through the connecting plate 99, and the light ring 91 also moves outward. Figure 7As shown, the upper and lower light-passing rings 91 move in opposite directions, causing the ring body of the light-passing ring 91 to gradually move onto the transmission path of the second laser beam, thereby blocking the second laser beam. Therefore, the present invention can block the second laser beam through the above-mentioned linkage structure when it receives an impact. After the blocking is completed, the laser cutting machine also receives an abnormal signal and stops.

[0083] In order to ensure that the second laser beam cannot pass through the optical ring 91, the width of the second laser beam must not be greater than the inner diameter of the optical ring 91. In addition, the inner diameter of the optical ring 91 is the same as the width of the ring body of the optical ring 91. The difference between the top outer diameter and the bottom outer diameter of the connecting cone 92 is greater than or equal to the width of the ring body of the optical ring 91, and less than the outer diameter of the optical ring 91.

[0084] Assuming the top outer diameter of the connecting cone 92 is *a*, the bottom outer diameter is *b*, and the difference between the top and bottom outer diameters is *ba*, and the movable bolt 95 abuts against the outer wall of the connecting cone 92, the maximum outward movement of the movable bolt 95 should be *ba*. Correspondingly, the maximum outward movement of the optical ring 91 is also *ba*. When the outward movement distance of the optical ring is less than the ring width of the optical ring 91, there is still an overlap between the inner holes of the upper and lower optical rings 91, allowing the second laser beam to pass through. Therefore, the outward movement distance of the optical ring 91 needs to be greater than or equal to the ring width of the optical ring 91. Figure 9 As shown, when the distance the overpass 91 moves outward is exactly equal to the width of the overpass 91, the outward movement of the overpass 91 will stop the inner hole of the other overpass 91. Additionally, when the outward movement of the overpass 91 is greater than the outer diameter of the overpass 91, as... Figure 10 As shown, the upper and lower optical rings 91 have no overlapping parts, and the second laser beam can also pass through the optical rings 91. Therefore, the outer displacement distance of the optical rings 91 needs to be smaller than the outer diameter of the optical rings 91.

[0085] The above examples all illustrate the maximum outward movement distance of the movable bolt 95. In actual application, under impact, the impact amplitude usually causes the power cylinder 22 to move upward to the maximum outward movement distance of the movable bolt 95. Correspondingly, under this impact, the outward movement of the light ring 91 can also block the second laser beam, causing the cutting process to stop. When the impact amplitude is small, the vibration spring in the shock absorber throat 2 can protect the cutting head 1, and the second laser beam generally will not disperse under small impact. In this case, the light ring 91 does not completely block the second laser beam due to insufficient outward movement distance, and only weakens the second laser beam itself. If the laser beam disperses at this time, it further weakens the laser beam itself, reducing the occurrence of product edge burning, and can also play a certain role in protecting the product cutting process.

[0086] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this application within its substance and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device, characterized in that, have: The cutting head (1) has a tail mirror cooling chamber (4) and a tail mirror chamber (5) installed from top to bottom. The tail mirror chamber (5) has a tail mirror (6) installed inside. A conical light guide tube (7) is installed at the bottom of the tail mirror chamber (5). A copper cutting nozzle (8) is installed inside the conical light guide tube (7). The copper cutting nozzle (8) extends out of the head of the cutting head (1). Vibration damper (2) is installed on the cutting head (1). The bottom of the vibration damper (2) is connected to the tail mirror cooling chamber (4) by bolts. A steel ring (10) is provided inside the vibration damper (2). Optical fiber sensing lines (11) are installed on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the steel ring (10). A vibration spring (12) is installed between the bottom of the steel ring (10) and the bottom of the vibration damper (2). The mounting sleeve (3) is installed on the head of the laser cutting machine, and the cutting head (1) is installed on the laser cutting machine through the mounting sleeve (3); An access hole (13) is provided on the outer wall of the shock absorber (2) at the position corresponding to the optical fiber sensing line (11). The access hole (13) is connected to the optical fiber sensor through the sensing cable (14). The first laser beam passes through the sensing cable (14) and the access hole (13) to the optical fiber sensing line (11). The measured optical fiber value is transmitted to the optical fiber sensor through another optical fiber sensing line (11) and another sensing cable (14). When the end of the cutting head (1) is impacted, the vibration spring (12) is squeezed and vibrates, the optical fiber line between the optical fiber sensing lines (11) deviates from the original transport path, and the abnormal data is detected by the optical fiber sensor. Based on the optical fiber abnormal signal, the laser cutting machine is controlled to stop. The top of the shock absorber (2) is connected to a power cylinder (22), the end of the power cylinder (22) extends into the mounting sleeve (3), and the power cylinder (22) faces the laser emission direction inside the mounting sleeve (3); A blocking structure (9) is provided inside the mounting sleeve (3). The blocking structure (9) includes at least two light-passing rings (91), which are arranged vertically along the length of the mounting sleeve (3). When the second laser beam passes through the optical ring (91) and the power cylinder (22) is pressed into the mounting sleeve (3), the optical ring (91) moves outward to block the passage of the second laser beam through the mounting sleeve (3) into the power cylinder (22). The inner diameter of the light-passing ring (91) is consistent with the width of the ring body of the light-passing ring (91); The outer wall of the end of the power cylinder (22) is fitted with a connecting cone (92). The difference between the top outer diameter and the bottom outer diameter of the connecting cone (92) is greater than or equal to the ring width of the light ring (91) and less than the outer diameter of the light ring (91).

2. The anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shock absorber (2) has an annular groove seat (15) inside. The shock absorber (2) has a buffer ring plate (16) and an outer steel ring (17) installed from top to bottom inside. The buffer ring plate (16) and the outer steel ring (17) are installed on the annular groove seat (15) by bolts. An installation ring (18) is provided outside the steel ring (10). The top of the steel ring (10) passes through the buffer ring plate (16). The outer steel ring (17) is provided outside the steel ring (10). A transmission hole (19) is opened at the bottom of the outer steel ring (17). The transmission hole (19) is directly opposite the access hole (13). The optical fiber sensing line (11) passes through the transmission hole (19).

3. The anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail mirror cooling chamber (4) is provided with a tail mirror cooling water inlet pipe (20) and a tail mirror cooling water outlet pipe (21) on both sides, and the ends of the tail mirror cooling water inlet pipe (20) and the tail mirror cooling water outlet pipe (21) extend to the outside of the cutting head (1); The tail mirror cooling chamber (4) is bolted to the tail mirror chamber (5), the tail mirror chamber (5) is bolted to the conical light guide tube (7), and the conical light guide tube (7) is threaded to the copper cutting nozzle (8). The outer periphery of the cutting head (1) is covered with smooth silicone foam to form a protective ring.

4. The anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting ring (23) is fitted around the outer periphery of the power cylinder (22), the power cylinder (22) passes through the mounting sleeve (3), the top end of the mounting sleeve (3) is open, the mounting sleeve (3) has a through groove (24) at the through end of the power cylinder (22), and a connecting spring (25) is provided between the connecting ring (23) and the bottom of the mounting sleeve (3). The two ends of the connecting spring (25) are respectively connected to the connecting ring (23) and the bottom of the mounting sleeve (3), and the connecting spring (25) is wrapped around the outer periphery of the power cylinder (22).

5. The anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least two vertically arranged vertical mounting brackets (93) are installed on the inner wall of the top of the mounting sleeve (3). The bottom of the vertical mounting bracket (93) is provided with an opening (94). A movable bolt (95) passes through the opening (94). The end of the movable bolt (95) abuts against the side wall of the connecting cone (92). The top radius of the connecting cone (92) is smaller than the bottom radius of the connecting cone (92).

6. The anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A limit buckle (96) is connected to the movable bolt (95); The outer diameter of the movable bolt (95) is the same as the inner diameter of the opening (94), and the outer diameter of the limiting buckle (96) is larger than the inner diameter of the opening (94).

7. The anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A compression spring (97) is provided between the limiting buckle (96) and the side wall of the vertical mounting bracket (93), and the compression spring (97) is wrapped around the outer periphery of the movable bolt (95).

8. The anti-impact self-breaking laser cutting head device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting buckle (96) is connected to a movable plate (98) on its side. The limiting buckle (96) is at least partially embedded in the movable plate (98). The movable plate (98) is perpendicular to the movable bolt (95) and parallel to the vertical mounting bracket (93). The top of the movable plate (98) is vertically connected to a connecting plate (99), the light ring (91) is connected to the connecting plate (99), and the vertical mounting bracket (93) has a through slot (26) for the connecting plate (99) to pass through. The mounting sleeve (3) has a wall groove (27) on its side wall for the movable plate (98) to pass through. The mounting sleeve (3) is formed by connecting two upper and lower cylinders, and the inner diameter of the upper part is larger than the inner diameter of the lower part.

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