A multi-functional exposure test platform assembled in a marine environment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of assembled multifunctional exposure test platform under marine environment, including an exposure test platform structure building being built by multiple materials in real sea area, provide a material exposure test platform and the platform beam, plate, column structure as exposure main body carry out marine environment exposure test.Exposure test platform exposure site is divided into atmospheric zone, tidal zone and underwater zone;Different components are placed on the plate of atmospheric zone, plate of tidal zone and plate of underwater zone to carry out exposure test;Through pre-embedded fiber grating sensor in roof, bottom plate, column structure, platform plate is arranged with temperature and humidity sensor, ultrasonic wind speed and direction instrument, optical rainfall sensor and other methods, the whole domain, full-time, multi-information monitoring of environmental temperature, humidity, chloride ion concentration, concrete stress-strain, steel strain, material corrosion rate is realized.Through the exposure test platform disclosed by the application, long-term monitoring data of actual marine environment exposure test of various structures and materials can be obtained, which is used for analyzing the corrosion law of various structures and materials in different marine environment regions, and then the durability of marine environment building structure is improved and enhanced.This is of great significance to the further development and utilization of China's ocean, the development of corrosion and protection technology of marine engineering structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural durability in marine environments, and more particularly to a prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid economic development and the deepening of marine development, the marine environment, compared with the traditional terrestrial environment, suffers severe corrosion and damage to engineering structures and materials due to its high temperature, high humidity, and high salt spray, posing a significant challenge to the service life of marine engineering structures. Therefore, establishing a prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments to study the service performance of materials and structures under harsh conditions is of great significance for improving the durability characteristics of marine environmental structures.

[0003] Existing standards classify the conditions of exposed parts of marine engineering structures into atmospheric zones, splash zones, tidal zones, and underwater zones based on the water cover conditions and port design water levels. Existing marine exposure testing equipment typically only serves as a platform for providing specimens for marine exposure testing, and existing in-situ monitoring technologies are limited, damage monitoring is inaccurate, and it is difficult to achieve full-area, full-process monitoring. To address these issues, this invention designs a prefabricated multifunctional exposure testing platform for marine environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments, comprising a hydraulic lifting system, a fixed platform, and a detachable exposure test platform, wherein the detachable exposure test platform is mounted on the fixed platform, the fixed platform is snap-fitted to the hydraulic lifting system, the hydraulic lifting system supports the fixed platform and the detachable exposure test platform, and is able to freely raise and lower the supporting fixed platform and the detachable exposure test platform within the lifting range of the hydraulic lifting system.

[0006] Furthermore, the hydraulic lifting system includes pile legs, pin slots, upper ring beams, pins, first hydraulic cylinders, second hydraulic cylinders, lower ring beams, support frames, and support frame slots. Each layer of the pile legs has several pin slots in the horizontal direction. The upper and lower ring beams are equipped with several pins and several second hydraulic cylinders. The second hydraulic cylinders allow the pins to be inserted into or removed from the pin slots. Several first hydraulic cylinders are installed between the upper and lower ring beams, allowing them to move upwards or downwards. Only one of the upper or lower ring beams can be in motion at any given time. The first hydraulic cylinders cause the upper and lower ring beams to alternately advance in the same direction. The second hydraulic cylinders cause the first hydraulic cylinders to repeatedly insert and remove pins into or out of the pin slots on the upper ring beam. Each set of upper and lower ring beams in the horizontal direction has a support frame along its outer ring. The support frame has a support frame slot, and the support frame is connected to the fixed platform via the support frame slot.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed platform includes a platform, platform slots, platform fixing bolts, platform blocks, third hydraulic cylinders, and a pressure plate. A platform block is provided at the lower edge of the fixed platform, and the platform block is engaged with the support frame slot. The fixed platform is engaged with the support frame via the platform block. Several third hydraulic cylinders are provided below the fixed platform, and a pressure plate is provided at the pressure output end of each third hydraulic cylinder. The pressure plate can apply pressure to the detachable exposure test platform below it. Several platform slots are provided on the upper surface of the fixed platform, and the fixed platform is engaged with the detachable exposure test platform via the platform slots. Several platform fixing bolts are provided on the upper surface of the fixed platform, and the fixed platform is bolted to the detachable exposure test platform via the platform fixing bolts.

[0008] Furthermore, the top plate includes a top plate stepped hole and a top plate nut, wherein the top plate is provided with a plurality of top plate stepped holes, and the bolts on the column can pass through the top plate stepped holes and be bolted to the top plate nut.

[0009] Furthermore, the column includes a column bolt and a column locking block, wherein the column locking block is provided at the bottom of the column and the column bolt is provided at the top. The column is connected to the base plate by the column locking block and to the top plate by the column bolt.

[0010] Furthermore, the base plate includes a base plate stepped hole, a base plate nut, a base plate locking block, and a base plate locking groove. The base plate is provided with a plurality of base plate stepped holes and a plurality of base plate locking blocks are provided below. The base plate is connected to the platform locking groove on the fixed platform through the base plate locking blocks. The base plate is provided with a plurality of base plate locking grooves and is connected to the column locking block on the column through the base plate locking grooves. The platform fixing bolt on the fixed platform passes through the base plate stepped hole and is bolted to the base plate nut.

[0011] Furthermore, there are four fixed platforms, on which three detachable exposure test platforms are installed. In the vertical direction, the uppermost detachable exposure test platform is located above the sea level, the middle detachable exposure test platform is partially located above the sea level, and the lowermost detachable exposure test platform is located below the sea level.

[0012] Furthermore, the detachable exposure test platform is equipped with a variety of sensors. Among them, a temperature and humidity sensor, an ultrasonic anemometer, and an optical rain sensor are placed on the bottom plate of the top detachable exposure test platform. Chloride ion sensors are pre-embedded in the bottom plates of the top, middle, and bottom detachable exposure test platforms, as well as in the four columns of the top, middle, and bottom detachable exposure test platforms.

[0013] Furthermore, the precast components on the detachable exposure test platform are made of concrete, and fiber optic grating sensors are embedded in the concrete precast components.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) The present invention can move the main building up and down with the sea level, so that the buildings in the three parts of the water area, tidal zone and underwater area are always in the required position, and the test data will not deviate from the real situation due to the sea level change caused by tides.

[0016] (2) The fixed platform and the detachable exposure test platform of the present invention are both replaceable prefabricated components, which can greatly extend the service life of the test platform, reduce construction time, and reduce construction difficulty and cost.

[0017] (3) The present invention can obtain long-term monitoring data of various structures and materials in actual marine environment exposure tests, which can be used to analyze the corrosion law of various structures and materials in different marine environment areas, thereby improving and enhancing the durability of marine environmental building structures and promoting the development of corrosion and protection technology for marine engineering structures. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 Diagram of platform lifting mechanism.

[0019] Figure 2 Partial schematic diagram of a hydraulic lifting system.

[0020] Figure 3 Exploded view of a hydraulic lifting system.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the support frame.

[0022] Figure 5 Top view of the support frame.

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of detachable exposure test platform and fixed platform.

[0024] The components include: 1. Hydraulic lifting system; 2. Fixed platform; 3. Detachable exposure test platform; 1-1. Pile leg; 1-2. Pin groove; 1-3. Upper ring beam; 1-4. Pin; 1-5. First hydraulic cylinder; 1-6. Second hydraulic cylinder; 1-7. Lower ring beam; 1-8. Support frame; 1-9. Support frame slot; 2-1. Platform; 2-2. Platform slot; 2-3. Platform fixing bolt; 2-4. Platform locking block; 2-5. Third hydraulic cylinder; 2-6. Pressure plate; 3-1. Top plate; 3-2. Top plate stepped hole; 3-3. Top plate nut; 3-4. Column; 3-5. Column bolt; 3-6. Column locking block; 3-7. Base plate; 3-8. Base plate stepped hole; 3-9. Base plate nut; 3-10. Base plate locking block; 3-11. Base plate slot. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing marine environmental exposure testing platforms and technologies by providing a prefabricated multifunctional exposure testing platform for marine environments, specifically achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0026] The prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for studying the structural durability of marine environments can provide a detachable exposure test platform for marine environmental exposure tests. The exposure areas of the exposure test platform are divided into an atmospheric zone, a tidal zone, and an underwater zone. The atmospheric zone is the uppermost detachable exposure test platform, which does not come into contact with seawater. The tidal zone is the middle detachable exposure test platform, whose contact area with seawater varies due to tides. The underwater zone is the lowermost detachable exposure test platform, which is immersed in seawater for a long time and does not come into contact with air.

[0027] Different components are placed on the atmospheric zone plate, tidal zone plate, and underwater zone plate, enabling real-sea exposure tests on various structures and materials.

[0028] Reference Figure 1This embodiment provides a prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments, including a hydraulic lifting system 1, a fixed platform 2, and a detachable exposure test platform 3. The detachable exposure test platform 3 is mounted on the fixed platform 2, and the fixed platform 2 is snap-fitted to the hydraulic lifting system 1. The hydraulic lifting system 1 supports the fixed platform 2 and the detachable exposure test platform 3, and can freely raise and lower the supporting fixed platform 2 and the detachable exposure test platform 3 within the lifting range of the hydraulic lifting system 1. Because the sea level rises and falls with the tides, the hydraulic lifting system 1, along with the detachable exposure test platform 3, can follow the sea level rise and fall to ensure that the three parts of the detachable exposure test platform 3 are in the appropriate position at any time.

[0029] Reference Figures 2-5 The hydraulic lifting system 1 includes a pile leg 1-1, a pin groove 1-2, an upper ring beam 1-3, a pin 1-4, a first hydraulic cylinder 1-5, a second hydraulic cylinder 1-6, a lower ring beam 1-7, a support frame 1-8, and a support frame slot 1-9. Each layer of the pile leg 1-1 has several pin grooves 1-2 in the horizontal direction. The upper ring beam 1-3 and the lower ring beam 1-7 are equipped with several pins 1-4 and several second hydraulic cylinders 1-6. The second hydraulic cylinders 1-6 can insert or pull the pins 1-4 into or out of the pin grooves 1-2, and can fix the hydraulic lifting system 1 on the pin grooves 1-2 at a certain height of the pile leg 1-1.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 Figure 3Several first hydraulic cylinders 1-5 are installed between the upper ring beam 1-3 and the lower ring beam 1-7. Each first hydraulic cylinder 1-5 can move the upper ring beam 1-3 and the lower ring beam 1-7 upwards or downwards. Only one of the upper ring beam 1-3 or the lower ring beam 1-7 can be in motion at any given time. The first hydraulic cylinder 1-5 causes the upper ring beam 1-3 and the lower ring beam 1-7 to move alternately in the same direction. A second hydraulic cylinder 1-6 causes the first hydraulic cylinders 1-5 to repeatedly insert and remove the pin 1-4 into or out of the pin groove 1-2 on the upper ring beam 1-3. That is, when the hydraulic lifting system 1 needs to move upwards, the second hydraulic cylinder 1-6 on the upper ring beam 1-3 starts working, causing the pin 1-4 on the upper ring beam 1-3 to be pulled out of the pin groove 1-2, making the upper ring beam 1-3 movable. Then, the first hydraulic cylinders 1-5... To begin operation, after pushing the upper ring beam 1-3 to the designated position, the second hydraulic cylinder 1-6 on the upper ring beam 1-3 starts working, causing the pin 1-4 on the upper ring beam 1-3 to insert into the corresponding pin groove 1-2. At this time, the second hydraulic cylinder 1-6 on the lower ring beam 1-7 starts working, causing the pin 1-4 on the lower ring beam 1-7 to be pulled out of the pin groove 1-2, making the lower ring beam 1-7 movable. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder 1-5 starts working, pulling the lower ring beam 1-7 to the designated position. Then, the second hydraulic cylinder 1-6 on the lower ring beam 1-7 starts working, causing the pin 1-4 on the lower ring beam 1-7 to insert into the corresponding pin groove 1-2. This process is repeated to achieve the function of raising the hydraulic lifting system 1. When the hydraulic lifting system 1 needs to be lowered, simply move the lower ring beam 1-7 first and then move the upper ring beam 1-3.

[0031] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 Each set of upper ring beams 1-3 and lower ring beams 1-7 in the horizontal direction is provided with a support frame 1-8 along the outer ring. The support frame 1-8 is provided with a support frame slot 1-9. The support frame 1-8 is connected to the fixed platform 2 through the support frame slot 1-9. Because the fixed platform 2 is immersed in seawater for a long time, its corrosion is generally greater. This design can realize the function of replacing the fixed platform 2, so as to extend the service life of the test platform.

[0032] Reference Figure 6 The fixed platform 2 includes a platform 2-1, a platform slot 2-2, a platform fixing bolt 2-3, a platform block 2-4, a third hydraulic cylinder 2-5, and a pressure plate 2-6. The fixed platform 2 has a platform block 2-4 at its lower edge. The platform block 2-4 is engaged with the support frame slot 1-9. The fixed platform 2 is engaged with the support frame 1-8 through the platform block 2-4, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing and enabling the replacement of the fixed platform 2.

[0033] Reference Figure 6Several third hydraulic cylinders 2-5 are installed below the fixed platform 2. Pressure plates 2-6 are installed at the pressure output end of the third hydraulic cylinders 2-5. The pressure plates 2-6 can apply pressure to the detachable exposed test platform 3 below them to simulate the pressure conditions of buildings under various environments, greatly expanding the test range of the test platform and obtaining more test data.

[0034] Reference Figure 6 The upper surface of the fixed platform 2 is provided with several platform slots 2-2. The fixed platform 2 is connected to the detachable exposure test platform 3 through the platform slots 2-2, so that the detachable exposure test platform 3 can be fixed on the fixed platform 2 more conveniently. During the construction, the time will not be consumed due to the location problem, and the amount of work will be reduced.

[0035] Reference Figure 6 The upper surface of the fixed platform 2 is provided with several platform fixing bolts 2-3. The fixed platform 2 is bolted to the detachable exposure test platform 3 through the platform fixing bolts 2-3. After the fixed platform 2 and the detachable exposure test platform 3 have been locked in place, the bolt connection can enhance the connection strength and ensure that the building will not shift due to seawater pounding or other reasons.

[0036] Reference Figure 6 The detachable exposure test platform 3 includes a top plate 3-1, a column 3-4, and a bottom plate 3-7. The bottom plate 3-7 is located above the fixed platform 2 and is first snap-fitted and then bolted. The column 3-4 is located above the bottom plate 3-7 and is snap-fitted to it. The top plate 3-1 is located above the column 3-4 and is bolted to the bolts installed on the column 3-4. The top plate 3-1, column 3-4, and bottom plate 3-7 are all connected by snap-fit ​​or bolting, and are not constructed using traditional methods such as pouring. Therefore, they can be repeatedly disassembled and replaced, and can be made of different materials. For example, the four columns 3-4 can be made of four different materials, thereby obtaining relevant data for the top plate 3-1, column 3-4, and bottom plate 3-7 made of different materials.

[0037] Reference Figure 6The top plate 3-1 includes stepped holes 3-2 and nuts 3-3. The top plate 3-1 has several stepped holes 3-2. Bolts on the column 3-4 can pass through the stepped holes 3-2 and be bolted to the nuts 3-3. The column 3-4 includes bolts 3-5 and locking blocks 3-6. The locking blocks 3-6 are located below the column 3-4, and the bolts 3-5 are located above it. The column 3-4 is connected to the bottom plate 3-7 via the locking blocks 3-6, and to the top plate 3-1 via the bolts 3-5. The bottom plate 3-7 includes stepped holes 3-8 and nuts 3-9. The base plate consists of base plate clips 3-10 and base plate slots 3-11. The base plate 3-7 has several base plate stepped holes 3-8 and several base plate clips 3-10 below it. The base plate 3-7 is connected to the platform slots 2-2 on the fixed platform 2 through the base plate clips 3-10. The base plate 3-7 has several base plate slots 3-11 and is connected to the column clips 3-6 on the column 3-4 through the base plate slots 3-11. The platform fixing bolts 2-3 on the fixed platform 2 pass through the base plate stepped holes 3-8 and are bolted to the base plate nuts 3-9. This design achieves the purpose of disassembly while ensuring the stability of the building.

[0038] Reference Figure 6 There are four fixed platforms 2, and three detachable exposure test platforms 3 are set on them. In the vertical direction, the uppermost detachable exposure test platform 3 is located above the sea level and is the atmospheric zone. The middle detachable exposure test platform 3 is partially located above the sea level and is the tidal zone. The lowermost detachable exposure test platform 3 is located below the sea level and is the underwater zone.

[0039] Reference Figure 6 The detachable exposure test platform 3 is equipped with a variety of sensors. Among them, temperature and humidity sensors, ultrasonic anemometers and wind direction meters, and optical rain sensors are placed on the base plate 3-7 of the uppermost detachable exposure test platform 3, which can monitor the temperature, humidity, wind speed and rainfall of the exposed environment.

[0040] Reference Figure 6 Chloride ion sensors are pre-embedded in the base plate 3-7 of the top layer detachable exposure test platform 3, the base plate 3-7 of the middle layer detachable exposure test platform 3, the base plate 3-7 of the bottom layer detachable exposure test platform 3, and the four columns 3-4 of the top layer detachable exposure test platform 3, the middle layer detachable exposure test platform 3, and the bottom layer detachable exposure test platform 3, respectively, which can realize the monitoring of chloride ion concentration.

[0041] Reference Figure 6The precast components on the detachable exposure test platform 3 are made of concrete, and fiber optic grating sensors are embedded in the concrete precast components to monitor the stress-strain of the concrete, the deformation of the concrete-reinforcement interface, and the corrosion damage during service.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] In this embodiment, the first step is to prefabricate the base plate 3-7. The specific dimensions of the atmospheric zone base plate 3-7 are 3000 mm × 2000 mm × 150 mm. The atmospheric zone base plate 3-7 uses C80 concrete and high-performance coated steel bars. The specific dimensions of the tidal zone base plate 3-7 are 3800 mm × 3600 mm × 150 mm. The tidal zone base plate 3-7 uses C35 concrete and the steel bars are coated with a self-synthetic rust inhibitor, enabling research on the rust-inhibiting effect of metal corrosion in marine environments. The specific dimensions of the underwater zone base plate 3-7 are 4200 mm × 3200 mm × 150 mm. The underwater zone base plate 3-7 uses C35 concrete, and the steel bars are mainly RF steel, enabling research on the corrosion resistance effect of new material steel bars.

[0044] In this embodiment, the second step is to precast the roof slab 3-1. The precast roof slab 3-1 has two specific dimensions: 200 mm × 300 mm × 2400 mm and 200 mm × 300 mm × 1400 mm. Both are made of C35 concrete and are reinforced with ordinary steel bars.

[0045] In this embodiment, the third step is the prefabrication of columns 3-4. The specific dimensions of the prefabricated columns 3-4 are 300 mm × 300 mm × 2000 mm. The four prefabricated columns 3-4 placed on each layer are made of four different materials. The first type of prefabricated column 3-4 has a concrete strength of C35 and uses corrosion-resistant steel reinforcement; the second type of prefabricated column 3-4 has a concrete strength of C80 and uses ordinary steel reinforcement; the third type of prefabricated column 3-4 has a concrete strength of C35 and uses ceramic steel reinforcement; the fourth type of prefabricated column 3-4 has a concrete strength of C35 and uses ordinary steel reinforcement. This allows for the study of the corrosion resistance of prefabricated columns made of different materials exposed to marine environments.

[0046] In this embodiment, the fourth step is to transport the precast top slab 3-1, bottom slab 3-7, and columns 3-4 to the site for assembly. Taking a single-story exposed test platform as an example, the overall assembly sequence is as follows: hoist the precast bottom slab 3-7, precast columns 3-4, and precast top slab 3-1 in sequence. The precast bottom slab 3-7 is provided with bottom slab clips 3-10 corresponding to the platform clip slots 2-2 on the fixed platform 2. After the two are clipped together, the platform fixing bolts 2-3 provided on the upper surface of the fixed platform 2 pass through the bottom slab stepped holes 3-8 provided on the precast bottom slab 3-7, and then the platform fixing bolts 2-3 are tightened by the bottom slab nuts 3-9, so that the precast bottom slab 3-7 is bolted to the fixed platform 2, ensuring the stability of the building base. The column clamping block 3-6 on the precast column 3-4 engages with the base plate clamping groove 3-11 on the precast base plate 3-7, allowing the precast column 3-4 to press against the precast base plate 3-7. Finally, the precast top plate 3-1 is hoisted. The column bolts 3-5 on the precast column 3-4 pass through the top plate stepped holes 3-2 on the precast top plate 3-1 and are then tightened by the top plate nuts 3-3, ensuring a bolted connection between the precast top plate 3-1 and the precast column 3-4. Gravity further strengthens the connection between the precast column 3-4 and the precast base plate 3-7. Finally, the third hydraulic cylinder 2-5 on the fixed platform 2 applies pressure to the precast top plate 3-1 via the pressure plate 2-6, further stabilizing the entire structure. The assembly method for the second and third floor exposure test platforms is the same as that for the first floor, thus assembling the exposure test platform structure into a single unit.

[0047] In this embodiment, the fifth step is to place replaceable exposure specimens. High-performance concrete specimens 9 and RF steel hangers 10 are placed on the atmospheric zone bottom plate 3-7, the tidal zone bottom plate 3-7, and the underwater zone bottom plate 3-7 respectively for exposure tests. The steel frame material on which the RF steel hangers 10 are placed is made of 304 stainless steel. The corrosion resistance effects of high-performance concrete and RF steel in different locations are studied.

[0048] In this embodiment, the sixth step is to deploy sensors. Temperature and humidity sensors 6, ultrasonic anemometers 7, and optical rain sensors 8 are placed on the atmospheric zone base plate 3-7, respectively, to monitor the temperature, humidity, wind speed, and rainfall of the exposed environment.

[0049] In this embodiment, the seventh step is to assemble a complete concrete structure health monitoring system. Chloride ion sensors are pre-embedded in the three-zone floor slab 3-7 and the four columns 3-4 of each floor to monitor chloride ion concentration. Fiber optic grating sensors are pre-embedded in the exposed concrete specimens to monitor concrete stress-strain, concrete-reinforcement interface deformation, and corrosion damage during service. The sensor subunits, automatic data acquisition and transmission unit, background computer damage identification and safety assessment unit, and early warning processing unit are combined to form a complete concrete structure health monitoring system, capable of monitoring the health of the concrete structure and the deformation compatibility of the concrete-reinforcement interface.

Claims

1. A modular multifunctional exposure test platform for deployment in a marine environment, characterized in that, Includes a hydraulic lifting system (1), a fixed platform (2), and a detachable exposure test platform (3), wherein The detachable exposure test platform (3) is mounted on the fixed platform (2). The fixed platform (2) is snapped together with the hydraulic lifting system (1). The hydraulic lifting system (1) supports the fixed platform (2) and the detachable exposure test platform (3), and is able to freely lift the fixed platform (2) and the detachable exposure test platform (3) within the lifting range of the hydraulic lifting system (1). The hydraulic lifting system (1) includes a leg (1-1), a pin groove (1-2), an upper ring beam (1-3), a pin (1-4), a first hydraulic cylinder (1-5), a second hydraulic cylinder (1-6), a lower ring beam (1-7), a support frame (1-8), and a support frame slot (1-9), wherein... Each layer of the pile leg (1-1) has several pin slots (1-2) in the horizontal direction. Several pins (1-4) and several second hydraulic cylinders (1-6) are provided on the upper ring beam (1-3) and lower ring beam (1-7). The second hydraulic cylinder (1-6) enables the pin (1-4) to be inserted into or removed from the pin slot (1-2). Several first hydraulic cylinders (1-5) are arranged between the upper ring beam (1-3) and the lower ring beam (1-7). The first hydraulic cylinders (1-5) can make the upper ring beam (1-3) and the lower ring beam (1-7) move upward or downward. Only one of the upper ring beam (1-3) and the lower ring beam (1-7) is in motion at any given time. The first hydraulic cylinder (1-5) causes the upper ring beam (1-3) and the lower ring beam (1-7) to advance alternately in the same direction. The second hydraulic cylinder (1-6) causes the first hydraulic cylinder (1-5) to cause the upper ring beam (1-3) to repeatedly insert and remove the pin (1-4) into or out of the pin groove (1-2). Each set of upper ring beams (1-3) and lower ring beams (1-7) in the horizontal direction is provided with a support frame (1-8) along the outer ring. The support frame (1-8) is provided with a support frame slot (1-9), and the support frame (1-8) is connected to the fixed platform (2) through the support frame slot (1-9). The fixed platform (2) includes a platform (2-1), a platform slot (2-2), platform fixing bolts (2-3), a platform locking block (2-4), a third hydraulic cylinder (2-5), and a pressure plate (2-6), wherein The fixed platform (2) has a platform locking block (2-4) at its lower edge. The platform locking block (2-4) is engaged with the support frame slot (1-9). The fixed platform (2) is engaged with the support frame (1-8) through the platform locking block (2-4). Several third hydraulic cylinders (2-5) are installed below the fixed platform (2). A pressure plate (2-6) is installed at the pressure output end of the third hydraulic cylinder (2-5). The pressure plate (2-6) can apply pressure to the detachable exposure test platform (3) below it. The fixed platform (2) has several platform slots (2-2) on its upper surface. The fixed platform (2) is connected to the detachable exposure test platform (3) through the platform slots (2-2). The upper surface of the fixed platform (2) is provided with several platform fixing bolts (2-3), and the fixed platform (2) is bolted to the detachable exposure test platform (3) through the platform fixing bolts (2-3). The detachable exposure test platform (3) includes a top plate (3-1), a column (3-4), and a bottom plate (3-7), wherein, The base plate (3-7) is above the fixed platform (2), and is first snap-fitted and then bolted. The column (3-4) is located above the base plate (3-7) and is snapped together with it. The top plate (3-1) is located above the column (3-4) and is bolted to the bolts installed on the column (3-4).

2. The prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate (3-1) includes a stepped hole (3-2) and a nut (3-3), wherein The top plate (3-1) is provided with several top plate stepped holes (3-2). The bolts on the column (3-4) can pass through the top plate stepped holes (3-2) and be bolted to the top plate nuts (3-3).

3. The prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The column (3-4) includes column bolts (3-5) and column retaining blocks (3-6), wherein A column retaining block (3-6) is provided below the column (3-4), and a column bolt (3-5) is provided above it. The column (3-4) is connected to the base plate (3-7) by a column clip (3-6). The column (3-4) is bolted to the top plate (3-1) by column bolts (3-5).

4. The prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base plate (3-7) includes a stepped hole (3-8), a nut (3-9), a locking block (3-10), and a slot (3-11), wherein... The base plate (3-7) has several stepped holes (3-8) and several base plate blocks (3-10) below it. The base plate (3-7) is connected to the platform slot (2-2) on the fixed platform (2) by means of the base plate locking block (3-10). The base plate (3-7) is provided with several base plate slots (3-11), and the base plate (3-7) is connected to the column block (3-6) on the column (3-4) through the base plate slots (3-11). After the platform fixing bolts (2-3) on the fixed platform (2) pass through the stepped hole (3-8) on the base plate, they are bolted to the base plate nut (3-9).

5. The prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are four fixed platforms (2), and three detachable exposure test platforms (3) are installed on them. In the vertical direction, the uppermost detachable exposure test platform (3) is located above sea level. The detachable exposure test platform (3) of the middle layer is partially above sea level. The lowest detachable exposure test platform (3) is located below sea level.

6. The prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments according to claim 5, characterized in that, Various sensors are installed inside the detachable exposure test platform (3), among which... Temperature and humidity sensors, ultrasonic anemometers, and optical rain sensors are placed on the base plate (3-7) of the top-level detachable exposure test platform (3). Chloride ion sensors are pre-embedded in the base plate (3-7) of the top layer of the removable exposure test platform (3), the base plate (3-7) of the middle layer of the removable exposure test platform (3), the base plate (3-7) of the bottom layer of the removable exposure test platform (3), and the four columns (3-4) of the top layer of the removable exposure test platform (3), the middle layer of the removable exposure test platform (3), and the bottom layer of the removable exposure test platform (3).

7. The prefabricated multifunctional exposure test platform for marine environments according to claim 6, characterized in that, The precast components on the detachable exposure test platform (3) are made of concrete, and fiber optic grating sensors are embedded in the concrete precast components.

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