An ecological restoration method for lake sediment treatment

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of lake sediment treatment, and particularly relates to an ecological restoration method for lake sediment treatment, comprising the following steps: step 1: detecting water depth; step 2: sampling and detecting, sampling lake sediment to detect whether the sediment exceeds the I-class standard; step 3: excavating and maintaining, excavating lake sediment for maintenance treatment until the lake sediment is qualified; step 4: backfilling a central ecological island, backfilling a central ecological island at the central position of the lake; step 5: setting a drainage retaining plate, setting a vertical drainage retaining wall at the side wall of the lake and the side wall of the central ecological island; step 6: backfilling sediment, backfilling the sediment in the lake into a first layer of mud, a second layer of mud and a second layer of mud arranged in a ladder shape; and step 7: planting plants, planting plants on the backfilled sediment. The present application can effectively treat and utilize lake sediment, and achieve the effect of ecological restoration.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of lake sediment treatment, and particularly relates to an ecological restoration method for lake sediment treatment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lakes are important water ecological systems, however, due to human activities and environmental pollution, many lake sediments are increasingly silted and eutrophicated, and the siltation of lake sediments not only reduces the water capacity, but also releases the sediments rich in organic matter, nutrients and heavy metals, which has adverse effects on the water ecological system and water quality, therefore, the treatment and ecological restoration of lake sediments are particularly important;

[0003] Traditional lake sediment treatment methods mainly include mechanical excavation and physical and chemical treatment, which can remove the sediments to a certain extent, but the lake sediments are not effectively utilized, which greatly affects the cost of ecological restoration. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide an ecological restoration method for lake sediment treatment, which can effectively treat and utilize lake sediments to achieve the effect of ecological restoration.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

[0006] An ecological restoration method for lake sediment treatment comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: detecting water depth;

[0008] Step 2: sampling and detecting, sampling the lake sediment to detect whether the sediment exceeds the Class I standard;

[0009] Step 3: excavating and maintaining, excavating the lake sediment for maintenance treatment until the lake sediment is qualified;

[0010] Step 4: backfilling a central ecological island at the center of the lake;

[0011] Step 5: setting a vertical drainable retaining wall at the side wall of the lake and the side wall of the central ecological island;

[0012] The step 5 comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 501: constructing a rigid retaining wall at the side wall of the lake and the side wall of the central ecological island;

[0014] Step 502: setting a drain channel on the rigid retaining wall;

[0015] Step 503: laying a composite waterproof layer outside the rigid retaining wall;

[0016] Step 504: setting a drainage outlet on the outside of the composite waterproof layer and connecting the drainage outlet with the drainage channel;

[0017] Step 6: backfilling the bottom mud, backfilling the first layer of mud, the second layer of mud and the second layer of mud in the lake in a stepped manner;

[0018] Step 7: planting plants, planting plants on the backfilled bottom mud.

[0019] Further, if the lake bottom mud belongs to the I-class standard limit, the upper bottom mud is excavated into the bottom mud temporary storage box on the shore, and a composite chemical agent is added for mixing treatment. After in-situ repair and maintenance for one week, it is detected whether it is qualified. If it is qualified, it can be backfilled into the lake. If it is not qualified, a composite chemical agent is added for mixing treatment and repair and maintenance is continued. After the upper bottom mud is excavated, the remaining lower bottom mud is added with a composite chemical agent for mixing treatment.

[0020] If the lake bottom mud exceeds the I-class standard limit, the contaminated bottom mud is excavated and moved to a bottom mud treatment plant for repair and maintenance. After detection, it can be backfilled into the lake.

[0021] Further, the step 4 comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 401: backfilling the same soil under the original bottom mud at the center of the soil at the bottom of the lake to form a first ecological layer;

[0023] Step 402: laying a water-permeable sponge ecological film on the upper side of the first ecological layer to form a second ecological layer;

[0024] Step 403: backfilling bottom mud on the upper side of the second ecological layer to form a third ecological layer.

[0025] Further, the backfilling thickness of the bottom mud of the third ecological layer in the step 403 is 80-150 cm.

[0026] Further, the step 6 comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step 601: backfilling the first layer of mud, backfilling the first layer of mud at the bottom of the lake, and the backfilling height of the first layer of mud is 1 / 4 of the height of the original bottom mud;

[0028] Step 602: backfilling the second layer of mud, backfilling the bottom mud on the upper side of the first layer of mud and at the position on one side of the drainable retaining wall to form the second layer of mud;

[0029] Step 603: backfilling the third layer of mud, selecting the original shore of the lake as the third layer of mud, and the height difference between the third layer of mud and the second layer of mud is 80-150 cm.

[0030] Further, if the lake sediment belongs to the I-class standard limit value, the lower sediment is selected as the first layer of mud in the step 601.

[0031] If the lake sediment exceeds the I-class standard limit value, the sediment after repair and maintenance is backfilled to the bottom of the lake to form the first layer of mud.

[0032] Further, the second layer of mud and the third layer of mud are arc-shapedly connected.

[0033] Further, the step 7 comprises the following steps:

[0034] Step 701: planting submerged plants on the first layer of mud;

[0035] Step 702: planting emergent plants on the second layer of mud;

[0036] Step 703: planting emergent plants on the third layer of mud.

[0037] The technical effects obtained by the present application are as follows:

[0038] The ecological restoration method for treating lake sediment of the present application can effectively treat the lake sediment to achieve the effect of ecological restoration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a lake original state diagram of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a lake diagram of the present application exceeding the I-class standard limit value in soil excavation and maintenance;

[0041] Figure 3 is a lake diagram of the present application belonging to the I-class standard limit value in soil excavation and maintenance;

[0042] Figure 4 is a lake diagram of the present application after backfilling of the central ecological island;

[0043] Figure 5 is a lake diagram of the present application after backfilling of the first layer of mud;

[0044] Figure 6 is a lake diagram of the present application after backfilling of the mud layer;

[0045] Figure 7 is a lake diagram of the present application after planting of plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present application clearer and more apparent, the present application is specifically described below in combination with examples. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present application, and does not strictly limit the specific protection scope requested by the present application.

[0047] As shown in Figures 1-7 , an ecological restoration method for lake sediment treatment includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Detect water depth, use water depth detection tool, fully understand the change of lake water depth, which helps to determine the depth of sediment treatment and adjust the repair scheme.

[0049] Step 2: Sampling and testing, sampling the lake sediment to obtain a columnar sediment, and testing whether the sediment exceeds the Class I standard.

[0050] Step 3: Excavation and maintenance, excavate the lake sediment for maintenance treatment until the lake sediment test is qualified.

[0051] Here, the maintenance treatment method can be biological restoration method, such as introducing beneficial microorganisms or plants to accelerate the degradation of harmful substances in the sediment;

[0052] As shown in Figure 3 , if the lake sediment is within the Class I standard limit, the upper sediment is excavated into the sediment temporary storage box on the shore, and the composite chemical agent is added for mixing treatment. After in-situ repair and maintenance for one week, test whether it is qualified. If it is qualified, it can be backfilled into the lake. If it is not qualified, add composite chemical agent for mixing treatment and continue repair and maintenance. After excavating the upper sediment, the remaining lower sediment is added with composite chemical agent for mixing treatment.

[0053] Here, the upper sediment is the upper 3 / 4 of the lake sediment, that is, the upper sediment is the upper 3 / 4 of the original sediment. Excavating the upper three layers of sediment can reduce the influence of heavy metals in the sediment on river water quality and aquatic organisms, and expand the activity range of organisms and the flow area. The remaining 25% of the sediment is beneficial to the survival of microorganisms and will not destroy the long-term ecological balance of the river. In addition, the rich nutrients contained in the sediment can be used to plant restorative aquatic plants, which is beneficial to the survival of microorganisms and improves the ecological in-situ repair capacity of the river.

[0054] As shown in Figure 2 , if the lake sediment exceeds the Class I standard limit, all the contaminated sediment is excavated and moved to the sediment treatment plant for repair and maintenance. After testing, it can be backfilled into the lake.

[0055] Step 4: Backfill a central ecological island at the center of the lake;

[0056] As shown in Figure 4 , step 4 includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 401: Backfill the same soil under the original sediment at the center of the soil at the bottom of the lake to form the first ecological layer;

[0058] Step 402: Laying a water-permeable sponge ecological film on the first ecological layer to form a second ecological layer;

[0059] Step 403: Backfilling 80-150 cm thick of bottom mud on the second ecological layer to form a third ecological layer.

[0060] Step 5: Drainage retaining plate setting, as shown in the figure, vertical drain retaining wall is set at the side wall of the lake and the side wall of the central ecological island, which facilitates the exchange of water in the original shore soil and the lake, part of the nutrients in the bottom mud are dissolved in the lake water, which is beneficial to the growth of shore vegetation by penetrating into the shore soil through the drainage hole, and indirect fertilization; Figure 4

[0061] Specifically, the step 5 includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 501: Constructing a rigid retaining wall at the side wall of the lake and the side wall of the central ecological island as the foundation of the structure;

[0063] Step 502: Setting a drainage channel on the rigid retaining wall, through which water can be discharged;

[0064] Step 503: Laying a composite waterproof layer on the outside of the rigid retaining wall to achieve the effect of waterproofing;

[0065] Step 504: Setting a drainage website on the outside of the composite waterproof layer, which is connected to the drainage channel, the drainage website has a plurality of evenly arranged drainage openings, and the point-shaped drainage of the drainage channel is changed to planar drainage through the drainage website, which can greatly relieve the concentrated water pressure on the bottom mud during the drainage process and reduce the phenomenon of bottom mud loss;

[0066] Step 6: Bottom mud backfilling, the bottom mud is backfilled in the lake to form a first layer of mud, a second layer of mud and a second layer of mud arranged in a stepped manner;

[0067] As shown in the figure, step 6 includes the following steps: Figures 5-6

[0068] Step 601: First layer of mud backfilling, backfilling the first layer of mud at the bottom of the lake, the backfilling height h1 of the first layer of mud is 1 / 4 of the original bottom mud height h, i.e. h1=h / 4.

[0069] Here, if the lake bottom mud belongs to the I-class standard limit, this step is cancelled, and the lower bottom mud remaining after the upper bottom mud is excavated from the original bottom mud is selected as the first layer of mud;

[0070] If the lake bottom mud exceeds the I-class standard limit, the step is normally performed, and the bottom mud after repair and maintenance is backfilled to the bottom of the lake to form the first layer of mud;

[0071] ​​Step 602: backfilling the second layer of mud, backfilling the bottom mud on the side of the first layer of mud and the side of the drainable retaining wall to form the second layer of mud, the height difference between the second layer of mud and the first layer of mud is h2;

[0072] Step 603: backfilling the third layer of mud, selecting the original shore of the lake as the third layer of mud, the height difference between the third layer of mud and the second layer of mud is h3, and h3 is 80-150 cm, the height difference h2 between the second layer of mud and the first layer of mud is the depth H of the lake minus the height difference h3 between the third layer of mud and the second layer of mud minus the backfilling height h1 of the first layer of mud.

[0073] Here, the second layer of mud and the third layer of mud can be arc-shaped to facilitate the entry of aquatic organisms into the second layer of loose bottom mud, help the growth of plants and fish spawning, and also improve the aesthetics.

[0074] Step 7: planting plants on the backfilled bottom mud to complete ecological restoration;

[0075] As shown in Figure 7 , step 7 includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 701: planting submerged plants on the first layer of mud, the first layer is a thin layer of mud with a thickness of about h1=h / 4, reducing the thickness of the mud to expand the vertical range of activity of aquatic organisms, the thin bottom layer retains the presence of microorganisms, and the rich nutrients contained in the mud are beneficial to the planting of submerged plants at the bottom;

[0077] Step 702: planting ornamental emergent plants such as lotus leaves, lotus flowers, and water lilies on the second layer of mud;

[0078] Step 703: planting emergent plants on the third layer of mud, the third layer of mud is the original shore of the lake, and the thickness is about 80-150 cm, which is the normal growth water depth of emergent plants.

[0079] In summary, the technical solution can effectively utilize lake bottom mud to achieve the effect of ecological restoration.

[0080] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application. The structures, devices and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present application, such as without special description and limitation, are implemented according to the conventional means in the field.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration method for treating lake bottom sediment, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Detect water depth; Step 2: Sampling and testing. Samples are taken from the lake bottom sediment to test whether the sediment exceeds the Class I standard. Step 3: Excavation and Maintenance. Excavate the lakebed sediment for maintenance treatment until it passes testing. If the lakebed sediment falls within the Class I standard limits, excavate the upper sediment to the shore and mix it with a compound chemical agent. After one week of in-situ remediation and maintenance, test for compliance. If it passes, it can be backfilled into the lake. If it fails, add compound chemical agents for mixing and continue remediation and maintenance. The remaining lower sediment after excavating the upper sediment is mixed with compound chemical agents. If the lakebed sediment exceeds the Class I standard limits, all contaminated sediment is excavated and moved to a sediment treatment plant for remediation and maintenance. After passing testing, it can be backfilled into the lake. Step 4: Backfilling the central ecological island; a central ecological island will be backfilled in the center of the lake. Step 4 includes the following steps: Step 401: Backfill soil at the center of the lake bottom to form the first ecological layer; Step 402: Lay a permeable sponge ecological film on the upper side of the first ecological layer to form the second ecological layer; Step 403: Backfill the bottom mud on the upper side of the second ecological layer to form the third ecological layer. Step 5: Install drainage retaining walls. Install vertical drainage retaining walls on the sidewalls of the lake and the central ecological island. Step 5 includes the following steps: Step 501: Construct rigid retaining walls at the sidewalls of the lake and the central ecological island; Step 502: Install drainage channels on the rigid retaining wall; Step 503: Lay a composite waterproof layer on the outside of the rigid retaining wall; Step 504: Install a drainage pipe network connected to the drainage channel on the outside of the composite waterproof layer; Step 5: Install drainage retaining walls. Install vertical drainage retaining walls on the sidewalls of the lake and the central ecological island. Step 6: Bottom sediment backfilling. In the lake, the bottom sediment is backfilled in a stepped manner, consisting of a first layer of sediment, a second layer of sediment, and a third layer of sediment. Step 6 includes the following steps: Step 601: Backfilling the first layer of mud. Backfill the first layer of mud at the bottom of the lake. The height of the first layer of mud is 1 / 4 of the original bottom mud height. Step 602: Backfilling the second mud layer. Backfill the bottom mud on the side above the first mud layer and on the side of the drainable retaining wall to form the second mud layer. Step 603: Backfilling with the third mud layer. The original lake shore is selected as the third mud layer, and the height difference between the third mud layer and the second mud layer is 80~150cm. Step 7: Planting plants on the backfilled subsoil; Step 7 includes the following steps: Step 701: Plant submerged plants on the first layer of mud; Step 702: Emergent plants on the second mud layer; Step 703: Plant emergent plants on the third mud layer.

2. The ecological restoration method for lake bottom sediment treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the lake bottom sediment falls within the Class I standard limits, the upper bottom sediment will be dredged to the shore and temporarily stored in a sediment storage container, where it will be mixed with a compound chemical agent for treatment.

3. The ecological restoration method for lake bottom sediment treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 403, the thickness of the bottom mud backfill of the third ecological layer is 80~150cm.

4. The ecological restoration method for lake bottom sediment treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: If the lake bottom sediment in step 601 belongs to the Class I standard limit, then the lower bottom sediment is selected as the first layer of sediment. If the lake bottom sediment exceeds the Class I standard limit, the restored and maintained bottom sediment will be backfilled to the bottom of the lake to form the first layer of sediment.

5. The ecological restoration method for lake bottom sediment treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second and third mud layers are connected in an arc shape.

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