A method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of solid-state hydrogen storage, specifically a method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device, comprising the following steps: S1, constructing a performance testing device for the solid-state hydrogen storage device; S2, evacuating all pipelines in the gas circulation module; S3, purging all pipelines in the gas circulation module with nitrogen through a nitrogen purging pipeline, and then evacuating all pipelines in the gas circulation module; S4, purging all pipelines in the gas circulation module with hydrogen through a hydrogen charging pipeline, and then evacuating all pipelines in the gas circulation module; S5, opening the hydrogen storage tank interface of the solid-state hydrogen storage device and introducing a set amount of hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank at a set hydrogen pressure and flow rate; S6, exchanging heat with the hydrogen storage tank to discharge the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank; S7, analyzing and processing the data to generate a P-C-T curve to verify the performance of the solid-state hydrogen storage device; This invention can effectively test the changes in the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device under different operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid-state hydrogen storage, specifically a method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage alloys can absorb large amounts of hydrogen under certain pressure and temperature to form metal hydrides, thereby achieving hydrogen storage. The metal hydrides decompose upon heating, forming the hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen gas, thus releasing the hydrogen. Solid-state hydrogen storage offers advantages such as high volumetric hydrogen storage density, high stability during the storage process, good safety, and high flexibility. Furthermore, it does not require harsh conditions such as high pressure and low temperature, making it a promising hydrogen storage technology that is increasingly attracting attention and research worldwide. Solid-state hydrogen storage devices based on hydrogen storage materials offer advantages such as high volumetric hydrogen storage density, simple hydrogen refueling, and high safety. Moreover, the significant weight of solid-state hydrogen storage devices can be used as counterweights in transportation vehicles, making it an important solution for safe and efficient hydrogen storage and transportation technology and a direct carrier for end-user applications.

[0003] Current improvements to the performance of solid-state hydrogen storage devices mainly focus on the properties of the filling materials. However, material properties are only one part of the overall performance of solid-state hydrogen storage devices. In laboratory low-dose tests, the effects of temperature changes, heat dissipation efficiency, and powder flow during hydrogen absorption / desorption are not significant. However, in industrial applications, these phenomena have a significant impact on the hydrogen storage performance of the device. For example, the hydrogen storage alloy generates heat during hydrogen absorption, leading to a temperature increase. If heat is not dissipated in time, the hydrogen absorption rate will decrease or even stop. Conversely, the hydrogen storage alloy absorbs heat during hydrogen desorption. If heat is not provided to the reaction vessel in time, the desorption rate will decrease. During hydrogen absorption, the metal lattice of the hydrogen storage alloy is prone to volume expansion and pulverization. During hydrogen desorption, the metal lattice is prone to volume contraction and cracking. The presence of gas gaps reduces heat exchange efficiency, which also reduces hydrogen storage performance. During hydrogen charging and discharging, the flow of gas and changes in alloy volume can easily lead to the flow, agglomeration, and accumulation of hydrogen storage alloy powder inside the device. This can significantly reduce the alloy's hydrogen storage performance and may even cause the vessel to burst. Currently, there is a lack of unified measurement and evaluation standards for the overall hydrogen storage performance of solid-state hydrogen storage devices in practical applications, the changes in hydrogen supply stability under different operating conditions, and the impact of heat and mass transfer processes on the overall hydrogen storage performance of the device. Therefore, it is impossible to effectively test the changes in the hydrogen storage performance of solid-state hydrogen storage devices under different operating conditions, which urgently needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device. This invention can effectively test the changes in the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device under different operating conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Construct a performance testing device for a solid-state hydrogen storage device. The performance testing device for a solid-state hydrogen storage device includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device and a gas circulation module connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage device for hydrogen charging and discharging. The solid-state hydrogen storage device exchanges heat with the heat exchange module to control the release of hydrogen. The gas circulation module includes an interface pipeline connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage device for hydrogen inlet and outlet. Both the hydrogen charging pipeline and the hydrogen discharging pipeline are connected to the interface pipeline. A nitrogen scrubbing pipeline is also connected to the interface pipeline. The nitrogen scrubbing pipeline, the hydrogen charging pipeline, and the hydrogen discharging pipeline can be used selectively.

[0008] S2. Vacuum the pipelines in the gas circulation module to remove residual test gas from the pipelines.

[0009] S3. Nitrogen gas is introduced into the gas circulation module through the nitrogen scrubbing pipeline to purge each pipeline, and then the pipeline of the gas circulation module is evacuated.

[0010] S4. Hydrogen gas is introduced into each pipeline of the gas circulation module through the hydrogen charging pipeline to clean the pipeline, and then the pipeline of the gas circulation module is evacuated.

[0011] S5. Open the hydrogen storage tank interface of the solid hydrogen storage device and introduce a set amount of hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank at a set hydrogen pressure and a set flow rate.

[0012] S6. After adjusting the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange module to the set temperature, it exchanges heat with the hydrogen storage tank to release the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0013] S7. Data from different locations in the solid hydrogen storage device performance test device are recorded in real time using various mass flow meters, pressure sensors, and temperature sensors. After analyzing and processing the data, a PCT curve is plotted to verify the performance of the solid hydrogen storage device.

[0014] Where P represents the pressure value of the hydrogen storage tank under the hydrogen storage capacity X when the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is uniform or non-uniform.

[0015] C represents the hydrogen storage capacity X of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage tank;

[0016] T represents the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0017] S8. Shut down the heat exchange module, exhaust and evacuate the solid hydrogen storage device and gas circulation module, and end the test.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention: In step S7:

[0019] S71. The cumulative hydrogen charging mass M during the hydrogen charging process is measured by a flow meter. x ;

[0020] S72. Calculate the hydrogen storage capacity X of the solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0021]

[0022] Where M0 represents the total mass of the solid hydrogen storage device;

[0023] S73. Calculate the pressure value F(X) of the hydrogen storage tank at the hydrogen storage capacity X when the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is uniform:

[0024] F(X) = AX + BX 2 +CX 3 +DX 4 +EX 5 +FX 6 +GX 7 +HX 8 +IX 9

[0025] Where C, D, E, F, G, H, and I are all constants;

[0026] A and B are constants to be calculated, which determine the performance of the solid hydrogen storage device;

[0027] C = 1.61416 × 10 9 ±2.97149×10 7 ;

[0028] D = -6.67856 × 10 11 ±1.16427×10 10 ;

[0029] E = 1.62339 × 10 14 ±2.64072×10 12 ;

[0030] F = -2.38348 × 10 16 ±3.58496×10 14 ;

[0031] G = 2.07827 × 10 18 ±2.87134×10 16 ;

[0032] H = -9.90754 × 10 19 ±1.25047×10 18 ;

[0033] I = 1.98956 × 10 21±2.28215×10 19 ;

[0034] S74. Calculate the pressure value P(X) of the hydrogen storage tank at the hydrogen storage capacity X when the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is uneven:

[0035]

[0036] in, This represents the pressure correction factor under conditions of uneven temperature.

[0037] e represents the Euler number;

[0038] ΔH represents the enthalpy change of the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction of the hydrogen storage alloy material;

[0039] R g This represents the hydrogen gas constant;

[0040] i represents the temperature measurement point of different temperature sensors in the temperature sensor group;

[0041] n represents the total number of temperature sensors in the temperature sensor group;

[0042] T i This indicates the detected temperature of different temperature sensors in the temperature sensor group;

[0043] T0 represents the initial temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0044] S75. Conduct tests under at least two operating conditions, substitute the measured parameters into the formula F(X), calculate the A value and B value of the solid hydrogen storage device, and plot the complete PCT curve.

[0045] As a further aspect of the present invention: In step S6, the same heat exchange medium in the high-temperature storage tank and the low-temperature storage tank is preheated and precooled to the set temperature by the electronic control module, and the temperature is monitored and the signal feedback is adjusted by the corresponding temperature sensor; then the plate heat exchanger is opened to mix the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature storage tank and the low-temperature storage tank to obtain the set heat exchange temperature; then the second manual butterfly valve and the second electric valve are opened to let the heat exchange medium pass into the water jacket of the hydrogen storage tank for heat exchange; finally, the first manual butterfly valve and the first electric valve are opened to let the heat exchange medium flow back into the high-temperature storage tank.

[0046] As a further aspect of the present invention: In step S3, before nitrogen purging, a pressure test is performed at each pipeline interface for at least 2 hours. A hydrogen detector is used to detect hydrogen at each interface of the gas pipeline and the hydrogen storage tank interface to ensure there is no leakage before starting nitrogen purging. During nitrogen purging, 2-3 MPa nitrogen is used to purge each pipeline, and then each pipeline is evacuated until the vacuum degree reaches 1×10⁻⁶. -2Pa, repeat the above operation 2 to 3 times.

[0047] As a further aspect of the present invention: In step S4, hydrogen gas at 1-3 MPa is used to purge each pipeline, and the values ​​of each pressure sensor are observed until the values ​​of each pressure sensor are the same and stable. Then, hydrogen is released and emptied from each pipeline. After releasing and emptying the hydrogen, each pipeline is evacuated until the vacuum degree reaches 1×10⁻⁶. -2 Pa, repeat the above operation 2 to 3 times.

[0048] As a further embodiment of the present invention: in step S5, hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage tank at a hydrogen pressure of 1 to 10 MPa and a flow rate of 0 to 6 g / s; in step S6, hydrogen is discharged at a flow rate of 0 to 6 g / s.

[0049] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a first manual ball valve, a first pneumatic ball valve, a first flow regulating valve, and a first mass flow meter are arranged sequentially along the hydrogen flow direction on the hydrogen charging pipeline; a second pneumatic ball valve, a second mass flow meter, a second flow regulating valve, a buffer tank, a third flow regulating valve, and an exhaust pipe are arranged sequentially along the hydrogen flow direction on the hydrogen discharging pipeline; a pressure sensor is installed on the buffer tank; the exhaust pipe includes a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe arranged in parallel and selectively activated, a third pneumatic ball valve and a vacuum pump are arranged on the first exhaust pipe; a fourth pneumatic ball valve and a pressure sensor are arranged on the second exhaust pipe.

[0050] As a further aspect of the present invention: a fourth manual ball valve for controlling the opening and closing of the pipeline is installed on the interface pipeline, and a pressure sensor is also installed on the interface pipeline; along the nitrogen flow direction, a third manual ball valve and a fifth pneumatic ball valve are arranged in sequence on the nitrogen washing pipeline; a temperature sensor group is installed on the solid hydrogen storage device to detect the temperature at different locations; the host computer controls the operation of the gas circulation module and the heat exchange module through the electronic control module.

[0051] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the heat exchange module includes a high-temperature storage tank and a low-temperature storage tank. The medium in the high-temperature storage tank and the low-temperature storage tank exchanges heat to a set temperature through a plate heat exchanger. The medium in the high-temperature storage tank or the low-temperature storage tank is connected to the solid hydrogen storage device for heat exchange through a heat exchange pipeline.

[0052] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the high-temperature storage tank heats the internal medium through an electric heater; the medium in the low-temperature storage tank is cooled by a low-temperature brine unit; both the high-temperature and low-temperature storage tanks are equipped with temperature sensors to detect the temperature of the medium; the high-temperature storage tank, the heating pipeline, the solid hydrogen storage device, and the return pipeline are connected in sequence to form a circulating heat exchange pipeline; along the direction of medium flow, a first manual butterfly valve, a temperature sensor, and a first electric valve are arranged in sequence on the return pipeline, and a second electric valve, a liquid flow meter, and a second manual butterfly valve are arranged in sequence on the heating pipeline; both the heating pipeline and the return pipeline are equipped with temperature sensors.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0054] 1. This invention can study the influence of different types of solid hydrogen storage devices on the system's hydrogen absorption / desorption kinetics, hydrogen storage capacity, cycle stability, and heat exchange efficiency under different operating conditions of temperature, pressure, and hydrogen charge / discharge flow rate. It can also accurately obtain data such as the hydrogen absorption / desorption characteristics and heat changes of the solid hydrogen storage device under different materials and filling methods, heat exchange methods, and hydrogen charge / discharge rates. It can effectively test the changes in the hydrogen storage performance of solid hydrogen storage devices under different operating conditions.

[0055] 2. By calculating the monitoring data, this invention can obtain the pressure-composition-temperature (PCT) curve of the hydrogen storage alloy material. With the measurement of only a few pressure points, the PCT curve of the entire solid hydrogen storage device can be predicted relatively accurately, which provides convenience for the testing of solid hydrogen storage devices before application.

[0056] 3. This invention can record and collect data such as temperature, pressure, hydrogen flow rate, and circulating water flow rate in real time during the test. At the same time, it can achieve high precision and a wide range of adjustment for parameters such as hydrogen absorption and desorption flow rate, circulating water flow rate and temperature, hydrogen pressure, and hydrogen storage tank temperature. It can accurately obtain the performance change patterns and data caused by small changes in hydrogen flow rate, hydrogen pressure, circulating water flow rate, and temperature, and realize performance testing of various solid hydrogen storage devices under various operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0058] In the picture:

[0059] 1. Gas circulation module; 11. Nitrogen scrubbing pipeline;

[0060] 111. Third manual ball valve; 112. Fifth pneumatic ball valve;

[0061] 12. Hydrogen charging pipeline; 121. First manual ball valve; 122. First pneumatic ball valve;

[0062] 123. First flow regulating valve; 124. First mass flow meter;

[0063] 13. Hydrogen release pipeline; 131. Second pneumatic ball valve; 132. Second flow regulating valve;

[0064] 133. Buffer tank; 134. Third pneumatic ball valve; 135. Vacuum pump;

[0065] 136. Fourth pneumatic ball valve; 137. Third flow regulating valve; 138. Second mass flow meter;

[0066] 14. Interface piping; 141. Fourth manual ball valve;

[0067] 2. Heat exchange module; 21. High-temperature storage tank; 211. Electric heater;

[0068] 22. Low-temperature storage tank; 23. Low-temperature brine unit; 24. Plate heat exchanger;

[0069] 25. Return line; 251. First manual butterfly valve; 252. First electric valve;

[0070] 26. Heating pipeline; 261. Second manual butterfly valve;

[0071] 262. Second electric valve; 263. Liquid flow meter;

[0072] 3. Solid-state hydrogen storage device; 31. Temperature sensor array;

[0073] 4. Host computer; 5. Electrical control module. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, a method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device includes the following steps.

[0076] S1. Construct a hydrogen storage performance testing device for a solid-state hydrogen storage device, and install the solid-state hydrogen storage device 3 to be tested into the testing device. The hydrogen inlet and outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 3 are connected to the nitrogen scrubbing pipeline 11, the hydrogen charging pipeline 12, and the hydrogen discharging pipeline 13 through the interface pipeline 14. The nitrogen scrubbing pipeline 11, the hydrogen charging pipeline 12, and the hydrogen discharging pipeline 13 can be selectively activated to perform nitrogen scrubbing, hydrogen charging, and hydrogen discharging processes respectively, and serve as the gas circulation module 1 to control the charging and discharging of hydrogen. The opening and closing of the interface pipeline 14 is controlled by the fourth manual ball valve 141, and the pressure of the pipeline is monitored by a pressure sensor. A temperature sensor group 31 is installed on the hydrogen storage tank of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 3 to detect the temperature at different locations. Preferably, six groups of temperature sensors 31 are arranged at even intervals to detect the temperature at different points inside the hydrogen storage tank.

[0077] Along the nitrogen flow direction, a third manual ball valve 111 and a fifth pneumatic ball valve 112 are arranged sequentially on the nitrogen scrubbing pipeline 11.

[0078] The hydrogen charging pipeline 12 is provided with a first manual ball valve 121, a first pneumatic ball valve 122, a first flow regulating valve 123 and a first mass flow meter 124 arranged sequentially along the hydrogen flow direction.

[0079] Along the hydrogen flow direction, the hydrogen release pipeline 13 is sequentially arranged a second pneumatic ball valve 131, a second mass flow meter 138, a second flow regulating valve 132, a buffer tank 133, a third flow regulating valve 137, and an exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe includes a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe arranged in parallel and selectively activated. The first exhaust pipe is equipped with a third pneumatic ball valve 134 and a vacuum pump 135; the second exhaust pipe is equipped with a fourth pneumatic ball valve 136 and a pressure sensor; and the buffer tank 133 is equipped with a pressure sensor.

[0080] The solid-state hydrogen storage device 3 is connected to the heat exchange module 2 for heat exchange and hydrogen charging / discharging. The heat exchange module 2 includes a high-temperature storage tank 21 and a low-temperature storage tank 22. The heat exchange medium in both the high-temperature storage tank 21 and the low-temperature storage tank 22 is the same, preferably an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol. The high-temperature storage tank 21 and the low-temperature storage tank 22 exchange heat through a plate heat exchanger 24. After the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature storage tank 21 exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium in the low-temperature storage tank 22, it is transported through the heating pipeline 26 to the water jacket of the hydrogen storage tank of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 3 for heat exchange with the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank. The high-temperature storage tank 21, the heating pipeline 26, the solid hydrogen storage device 3, and the return pipeline 25 are connected in sequence to form a circulating heat exchange pipeline. Along the direction of medium flow, the return pipeline 25 is sequentially equipped with a first manual butterfly valve 251, a temperature sensor, and a first electric valve 252. The heating pipeline 26 is sequentially equipped with a second electric valve 262, a liquid flow meter 263, and a second manual butterfly valve 261. Temperature sensors are arranged on both the heating pipeline 26 and the return pipeline 25.

[0081] The high-temperature storage tank 21 heats the internal medium via an electric heater 211; the medium in the low-temperature storage tank 22 is cooled by a low-temperature brine unit 23; both the high-temperature storage tank 21 and the low-temperature storage tank 22 are equipped with temperature sensors to detect the temperature of the medium. The heating and cooling methods of the electric heater 211 and the low-temperature brine unit 23 can be replaced with other existing conventional heating and cooling methods.

[0082] During the operation of the device, the gas circulation module 1 and the heat exchange module 2 are controlled by the host computer 4 and the electrical control module 5.

[0083] Before testing, first check that the following signals are normal: inlet pressure of hydrogen storage tank, pressure of buffer tank, outlet pressure of buffer tank, mass flow rate of hydrogen storage, inlet and outlet temperatures of hydrogen storage tank supply, temperature of high-temperature storage tank, temperature of low-temperature storage tank, temperature detected by temperature sensor group at different points of hydrogen storage tank, and temperature difference between inlet and outlet of hydrogen storage tank supply.

[0084] S2. Vacuuming is performed on each pipeline in the gas circulation module 1 to remove residual test gas. Vacuum pump 135 is used to evacuate each pipeline of the gas circulation module.

[0085] S3. Nitrogen gas is introduced into the gas circulation module 1 through the nitrogen purging pipeline 11 to purge the pipeline, and then the gas circulation module 1 is evacuated.

[0086] In step S3, before nitrogen purging, a pressure test is performed at each pipeline interface for at least 2 hours. A hydrogen detector is used to check the interfaces of each gas pipeline in gas circulation module 1 and the hydrogen storage tank interface to ensure there are no leaks before starting nitrogen purging. During nitrogen purging, 2–3 MPa nitrogen is used to purge each pipeline, and then each pipeline is evacuated until the vacuum level reaches 1 × 10⁻⁶. -2 Pa, repeat the above operation 2 to 3 times.

[0087] S4. Hydrogen gas is introduced into the gas circulation module 1 through the hydrogen charging pipeline 12 to clean the pipeline, and then the pipelines of the gas circulation module 1 are evacuated.

[0088] Fill each pipeline with hydrogen gas at 1-3 MPa, and observe the readings of each pressure sensor until the readings of all pressure sensors are the same and stable. Then, purge the pipelines of hydrogen and vent them. After purging, evacuate the pipelines until the vacuum level reaches 1×10⁻⁶. -2 Pa, repeat the above operation 2 to 3 times.

[0089] S5. Open the hydrogen storage tank interface of the solid hydrogen storage device 3 and introduce a set amount of hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank at a set hydrogen pressure and a set flow rate; preferably, the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen at a hydrogen pressure of 1 to 10 MPa and a flow rate of 0 to 6 g / s.

[0090] S6. After adjusting the heat exchange medium in heat exchange module 2 to the set temperature, it exchanges heat with the hydrogen storage tank to release the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage tank; preferably, the hydrogen release operation is carried out at a flow rate of 0 to 6 g / s.

[0091] First, the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature storage tank 21 and the low-temperature storage tank 22 is preheated and precooled to the set temperature by the electronic control module 5, respectively, and the temperature is monitored and adjusted by the corresponding temperature sensors. Then, the plate heat exchanger 24 is opened to heat the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature storage tank 21 and the low-temperature storage tank 22 to the set heat exchange temperature. Next, the second manual butterfly valve 261 and the second electric valve 262 are opened to allow the heat exchange medium to flow into the water jacket of the hydrogen storage tank for heat exchange. Finally, the first manual butterfly valve 251 and the first electric valve 252 are opened to allow the heat exchange medium to flow back into the high-temperature storage tank 21. The heat exchange medium in the high-temperature storage tank 21 and the low-temperature storage tank 22 is a 50% ethylene glycol aqueous solution, and the temperature is monitored and adjusted by the corresponding temperature sensors. The temperature adjustment range is -20℃ to 120℃, and the medium is set to 6m³. 3 / h-20m 3 / h hydrogen storage tank liquid supply flow rate.

[0092] S7. Data from different locations in the solid hydrogen storage device performance test device are recorded in real time using various mass flow meters, pressure sensors, and temperature sensors. After analyzing and processing the data, a PCT curve is plotted to verify the performance of the solid hydrogen storage device.

[0093] S71. The cumulative hydrogen charging mass M during the hydrogen charging process is measured by a flow meter. x ;

[0094] S72. Calculate the hydrogen storage capacity X of the solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0095]

[0096] Where M0 represents the total mass of the solid hydrogen storage device;

[0097] S73. Calculate the pressure value F(X) of the hydrogen storage tank at the hydrogen storage capacity X when the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is uniform:

[0098] F(X) = AX + BX 2 +CX 3 +DX 4 +EX 5 +FX 6 +GX 7 +HX 8 +IX 9

[0099] Where C, D, E, F, G, H, and I are all constants;

[0100] A and B are constants to be calculated, which determine the performance of the solid hydrogen storage device;

[0101] C = 1.61416 × 10 9 ±2.97149×10 7 ;

[0102] D = -6.67856 × 10 11 ±1.16427×10 10 ;

[0103] E = 1.62339 × 10 14 ±2.64072×10 12 ;

[0104] F = -2.38348 × 10 16 ±3.58496×10 14 ;

[0105] G = 2.07827 × 10 18 ±2.87134×10 16 ;

[0106] H = -9.90754 × 10 19 ±1.25047×10 18 ;

[0107] I = 1.98956 × 10 21 ±2.28215×10 19 ;

[0108] S74. Calculate the pressure value P(X) of the hydrogen storage tank at the hydrogen storage capacity X when the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is uneven:

[0109]

[0110] in, This represents the pressure correction factor under conditions of uneven temperature.

[0111] e represents the Euler number;

[0112] ΔH represents the enthalpy change of the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction of the hydrogen storage alloy material;

[0113] R g This represents the hydrogen gas constant;

[0114] i represents the temperature measuring point of different temperature sensors in temperature sensor group 31;

[0115] n represents the total number of temperature sensors in temperature sensor group 31;

[0116] T iThis indicates the detected temperature of different temperature sensors in temperature sensor group 31;

[0117] T0 represents the initial temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0118] S75. Conduct tests under at least two operating conditions, substitute the measured parameters into the formula F(X), calculate the A value and B value of the solid hydrogen storage device, and plot the complete PCT curve.

[0119] S8. Shut down heat exchange module 2, exhaust and evacuate the solid hydrogen storage device 3 and gas circulation module 1, and end the test.

[0120] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0121] The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems involved in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the terms “and / or,” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.

Claims

1. A method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Construct a solid hydrogen storage device performance testing device. The solid hydrogen storage device performance testing device includes a solid hydrogen storage device (3) and a gas circulation module (1) connected to the solid hydrogen storage device (3) for hydrogen charging and discharging. The solid hydrogen storage device (3) exchanges heat with the heat exchange module (2) to control the release of hydrogen. The gas circulation module (1) includes an interface pipe (14) connected to the solid hydrogen storage device (3) for hydrogen inlet and outlet. The hydrogen charging pipe (12) and the hydrogen discharging pipe (13) are both connected to the interface pipe (14). The interface pipe (14) is also connected to a nitrogen scrubbing pipe (11). The nitrogen scrubbing pipe (11), the hydrogen charging pipe (12), and the hydrogen discharging pipe (13) can be selected for use. S2. Vacuum treatment is performed on each pipeline in the gas circulation module (1) to remove residual test gas in the pipeline; S3. Nitrogen gas is introduced into the gas circulation module (1) through the nitrogen gas scrubbing pipeline (11) to purge each pipeline, and then the pipelines of the gas circulation module (1) are evacuated. S4. Hydrogen gas is introduced into each pipeline of the gas circulation module (1) through the hydrogen charging pipeline (12) to clean the pipeline, and then the pipeline of the gas circulation module (1) is evacuated. S5. Open the hydrogen storage tank interface of the solid hydrogen storage device (3) and introduce a set amount of hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank with a set hydrogen pressure and a set flow rate. S6. After adjusting the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange module (2) to the set temperature, it exchanges heat with the hydrogen storage tank to discharge the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank. S7. Data from different locations within the solid-state hydrogen storage device performance testing unit is recorded in real time using various mass flow meters, pressure sensors, and temperature sensors. The data is then analyzed and processed to generate a graph. PCT The curves were used to verify the performance of the solid hydrogen storage device (3); S71. The cumulative hydrogen charge during the hydrogen charging process is measured by a flow meter. ; S72. Calculate the hydrogen storage capacity of the solid hydrogen storage device (3). X : ； in, M 0 This indicates the total mass of the solid hydrogen storage device (3); S73. Calculate the hydrogen storage tank's capacity when the internal temperature is uniform. X The pressure value below : in, 、 、 、 、 、 、 All are constants; and The constants to be calculated determine the performance of the solid hydrogen storage device (3); ＝1.61416×10 9 ±2.97149×10 7 ； ＝-6.67856×10 11 ±1.16427×10 10 ； ＝1.62339×10 14 ±2.64072×10 12 ； ＝-2.38348×10 16 ±3.58496×10 14 ； ＝2.07827×10 18 ±2.87134×10 16 ； ＝-9.90754×10 19 ±1.25047×10 18 ； ＝1.98956×10 21 ±2.28215×10 19 ； S74. Calculate the hydrogen storage tank capacity when the internal temperature is uneven. X The pressure value below : in, This represents the pressure correction factor under conditions of uneven temperature. e Represents the Euler number; This indicates the enthalpy change of hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions in hydrogen storage alloy materials; This represents the hydrogen gas constant; i The temperature measurement points of different temperature sensors in the temperature sensor group (31) are indicated; n This indicates the total number of temperature sensors in the temperature sensor group (31); Indicates the detected temperature of different temperature sensors in the temperature sensor group (31); Indicates the initial temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device (3); S75. Conduct tests under at least two sets of operating conditions, and substitute the measured parameters into the formula. In the calculation, the solid hydrogen storage device (3) was obtained. A value and B Values, and draw the complete value. PCT curve; in, P This indicates whether the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is uniform or non-uniform, and the hydrogen storage tank has a certain capacity. X The pressure value below; C This indicates the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage tank. X ; T Indicates the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device (3); S8. Turn off the heat exchange module (2), exhaust and vacuum the solid hydrogen storage device (3) and the gas circulation module (1), and end the test.

2. The method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the same heat exchange medium in the high-temperature storage tank (21) and the low-temperature storage tank (22) are preheated and precooled to the set temperature by the electronic control module (5), and the temperature is monitored and the signal feedback is adjusted by the corresponding temperature sensor. Then, the plate heat exchanger (24) is opened to mix the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature storage tank (21) and the low-temperature storage tank (22) to obtain the set heat exchange temperature. Then, the second manual butterfly valve (261) and the second electric valve (262) are opened to pass the heat exchange medium into the water jacket of the hydrogen storage tank for heat exchange. Finally, the first manual butterfly valve (251) and the first electric valve (252) are opened to allow the heat exchange medium to flow back into the high-temperature storage tank (21).

3. A method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step S3, before nitrogen purging, a pressure test is performed at each pipeline interface for at least 2 hours. A hydrogen detector is used to check the hydrogen levels at each gas pipeline interface and the hydrogen storage tank interface to ensure there are no leaks before starting nitrogen purging. During nitrogen purging, 2–3 MPa nitrogen is used to purge each pipeline, followed by evacuation until a vacuum of 1 × 10⁻⁶ is achieved. -2 Pa, repeat the above operation 2 to 3 times.

4. A method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step S4, hydrogen gas at 1-3 MPa is used to purge each pipeline, and the values ​​of each pressure sensor are observed until the values ​​of each pressure sensor are the same and stable. Then, hydrogen is released and the pipelines are purged. After purging, each pipeline is evacuated until the vacuum degree reaches 1×10⁻⁶. -2 Pa, repeat the above operation 2 to 3 times.

5. A method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step S5, hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage tank at a hydrogen pressure of 1 to 10 MPa and a flow rate of 0 to 6 g / s; in step S6, hydrogen is discharged at a flow rate of 0 to 6 g / s.

6. A method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The hydrogen charging pipeline (12) is arranged in sequence along the hydrogen flow direction with a first manual ball valve (121), a first pneumatic ball valve (122), a first flow regulating valve (123), and a first mass flow meter (124); the hydrogen discharging pipeline (13) is arranged in sequence along the hydrogen flow direction with a second pneumatic ball valve (131), a second mass flow meter (138), a second flow regulating valve (132), a buffer tank (133), a third flow regulating valve (137), and an exhaust pipe; a pressure sensor is installed on the buffer tank (133); the exhaust pipe includes a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe arranged in parallel and selectively activated, the first exhaust pipe is arranged with a third pneumatic ball valve (134) and a vacuum pump (135); the second exhaust pipe is arranged with a fourth pneumatic ball valve (136) and a pressure sensor.

7. A method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A fourth manual ball valve (141) for controlling the opening and closing of the interface pipeline (14) is installed on the interface pipeline (14), and a pressure sensor is also installed on the interface pipeline (14); along the nitrogen flow direction, a third manual ball valve (111) and a fifth pneumatic ball valve (112) are arranged in sequence on the nitrogen washing pipeline (11); a temperature sensor group (31) is installed on the solid hydrogen storage device (3) to detect the temperature at different locations; the host computer (4) controls the operation of the gas circulation module (1) and the heat exchange module (2) through the electronic control module (5).

8. A method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange module (2) includes a high-temperature storage tank (21) and a low-temperature storage tank (22). The medium in the high-temperature storage tank (21) and the low-temperature storage tank (22) is heated to the set temperature through a plate heat exchanger (24). The medium in the high-temperature storage tank (21) or the low-temperature storage tank (22) is connected to the solid hydrogen storage device (3) for heat exchange through a heat exchange pipeline.

9. The method for testing the hydrogen storage performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The high-temperature storage tank (21) heats the internal medium through an electric heater (211); the medium in the low-temperature storage tank (22) is cooled by a low-temperature brine unit (23); temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the medium are installed on both the high-temperature storage tank (21) and the low-temperature storage tank (22); the high-temperature storage tank (21), the heating pipeline (26), the solid hydrogen storage device (3) and the return pipeline (25) are connected in sequence to form a circulating heat exchange pipeline; along the direction of medium flow, the return pipeline (25) is arranged with a first manual butterfly valve (251), a temperature sensor and a first electric valve (252), and the heating pipeline (26) is arranged with a second electric valve (262), a liquid flow meter (263) and a second manual butterfly valve (261), and temperature sensors are arranged on both the heating pipeline (26) and the return pipeline (25).

Images