A fire-resistant ceramized foamed silicone rubber and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a refractory ceramizable foamed silicone rubber, its preparation method and application, relating to the technical field of silicone rubber. The refractory ceramizable foamed silicone rubber includes two forms: liquid ceramizable foamed silicone rubber and solid ceramizable foamed silicone rubber. Compared with traditional silicone rubber foam products, the foamed silicone rubber prepared by the present invention has good elasticity, can play a better protective role for the protected parts, and achieves the purpose of buffering and shock absorption. After being ablated at high temperature or by an open flame, the foamed silicone rubber can rapidly form a foam ceramic body with a self-supporting structure, and at the same time maintain a relatively high retention rate of the cell structure, and can exert a more excellent heat insulation and flame retardant effect.

Description

Technical Field:

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of silicone rubber, and particularly relates to a refractory and flame-retardant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art:

[0002] In recent years, the energy situation at home and abroad has been tense. With the development and breakthrough of new energy vehicle technologies, new energy electric vehicles based on lithium-ion battery technologies have increasingly occupied a larger share in the market and won the trust of the market. However, the flammability of the batteries of new energy vehicles has always been one of the main problems criticized by everyone. As the core component of new energy vehicles, in order to fully ensure the safety of the battery, it is necessary to avoid damage to the power battery pack caused by factors such as mechanical shock, short circuit, and high-temperature driving environment, which may further lead to risks such as thermal runaway, spontaneous combustion, and explosion. Therefore, sufficient thermal protection measures must be provided for the battery to prevent thermal abuse.

[0003] Flame-retardant silicone foam (foamed silicone) is a new type of foam composite material, which is widely used in new energy vehicles, wind power, solar energy, various electronic components, aerospace and other fields. This material has excellent seismic resistance, buffering, flame retardancy, heat insulation and other properties. At normal temperature, it can have good flexibility, play a buffering role for the battery module, absorb the volume expansion and contraction tolerance caused by battery charging and discharging, and provide a great degree of mechanical protection for the battery. Ceramizable fire-retardant silicone foam is a product further improved on the basis of flame-retardant silicone foam. In a high-temperature environment, it can quickly form a ceramic body with a self-supporting structure, effectively isolate the mass transfer and heat transfer of air during the combustion process, and play a good flame-retardant effect. At the same time, due to the foam structure of the product, it also has a lower thermal conductivity and better heat insulation effect than general ceramizable flame-retardant polymer composite materials. However, after traditional ceramizable silicone foam materials are sintered at high temperature, due to the high-temperature expansion or contraction deformation of the ceramic body, the bubble pore structure of the product collapses and deforms, which will greatly reduce the heat insulation effect of the product. Summary of the Invention:

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention will provide a refractory ceramizable foamed silicone rubber and a preparation method thereof. This material can not only play a good buffering and shock-absorbing role for the protected part under normal working conditions, but also still have a complete bubble pore structure after being ablated at high temperature or by an open fire, greatly improving the fire protection and heat insulation and flame retardancy effects of the material, so as to better protect key components such as the battery core and ensure personal safety.

[0005] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber, including two forms: liquid ceramizable foamed silicone rubber and solid ceramizable foamed silicone rubber;

[0007] The liquid ceramizable foamed silicone rubber, by weight, comprises the following components:

[0008]

[0009] The solid ceramizable foamed silicone rubber, by weight, comprises the following components:

[0010]

[0011] The cell structure stabilizer includes inorganic nanotubes, such as at least one of carbon nanotubes, alumina nanotubes, halloysite nanotubes, titanium oxide nanotubes, aluminum silicate nanotubes, and boron nitride nanotubes.

[0012] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the aforementioned fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: Add methyl vinyl silicone rubber or methyl vinyl silicone oil, reinforcing agent, flame retardant, and porcelain-forming agent into a kneader, knead into a mass, and cool to obtain a base rubber;

[0014] Step S2: Add a foaming agent, cell structure stabilizer, inhibitor, crosslinking agent, and curing agent to the base rubber, and mix evenly to obtain a rubber compound;

[0015] Step S3: Vulcanize and foam the rubber compound to obtain the fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber.

[0016] Alternatively, the foaming agent and cell structure stabilizer can be mixed first and then added to the base rubber.

[0017] Another objective of the present invention is to provide the application of the aforementioned fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber in foam fireproof materials.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with traditional silicone foam products, the foamed silicone rubber prepared by the present invention not only has good elasticity under normal working conditions, can play a good protective role for the protected parts, and achieve the purpose of buffering and shock absorption; but also in high temperature or open fire ablation, that is, in a fire scenario, the foamed silicone rubber can quickly form a foam ceramic body with a self-supporting structure, and can maintain a relatively high cell structure retention rate, thereby exerting excellent heat insulation and flame retardant effects. The latter is completely absent in traditional flame-retardant silicone foams, because they will crack, deform, cell collapse, or even powder after being burned by a flame, and the protection ability is significantly insufficient. Description of the Drawings:

[0019] Figure 1Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 1 before and after ablation;

[0020] Figure 2 Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 2 before and after ablation;

[0021] Figure 3 Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 3 before and after ablation;

[0022] Figure 4 Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 4 before and after ablation;

[0023] Figure 5 Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Comparative Example 1 before and after ablation;

[0024] Figure 6 Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 5 before and after ablation;

[0025] Figure 7 Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Comparative Example 2 before and after ablation;

[0026] Figure 8 Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 6 after ablation;

[0027] Figure 9 Appearance diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 1 after ablation;

[0028] Figure 10 Appearance diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 2 after ablation;

[0029] Figure 11 Appearance diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 3 after ablation;

[0030] Figure 12 Appearance diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 4 after ablation;

[0031] Figure 13 Appearance diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Comparative Example 1 after ablation;

[0032] Figure 14 Appearance diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 5 after ablation;

[0033] Figure 15 Appearance diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Comparative Example 2 after ablation;

[0034] Figure 16 Appearance diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 6 after ablation. Detailed implementation manners:

[0035] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easily understood, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and illustrations.

[0036] The present invention provides a fireproof and fire-resistant ceramized foamed silicone rubber, including two forms: liquid ceramized foamed silicone rubber and solid ceramized foamed silicone rubber;

[0037] The liquid ceramized foamed silicone rubber, by weight, comprises the following components:

[0038]

[0039] The solid ceramized foamed silicone rubber, by weight, comprises the following components:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] In the present invention, the methyl vinyl silicone oil is selected from at least one of terminal vinyl silicone oil, side vinyl silicone oil or terminal and side vinyl silicone oil.

[0043] In the present invention, the methyl vinyl silicone rubber is selected from at least one of methyl vinyl raw rubber and methyl vinyl kneaded rubber.

[0044] In the present invention, the reinforcing agent is selected from at least one of precipitated silica and fumed silica, but is not limited thereto, and carbon black, silica powder, talc powder, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, graphene, alumina, zinc oxide, etc. well-known to those skilled in the art can also be used.

[0045] In the present invention, the flame retardant is selected from at least one of inorganic flame retardants, phosphorus-based flame retardants, nitrogen-based flame retardants, and phosphorus-nitrogen (phosphorus-nitrogen composite) flame retardant systems. As a preferred embodiment, the inorganic flame retardants include but are not limited to at least one of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, basic magnesium carbonate, zinc borate, borax, red phosphorus; the phosphorus-based flame retardants include but are not limited to at least one of phosphates, hypophosphates, and hypophosphite esters; the nitrogen-based flame retardants include but are not limited to at least one of dicyandiamide, melamine, and melamine cyanurate; the phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants include but are not limited to at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine polyphosphate, and guanidine phosphate.

[0046] In the present invention, the ceramizing agent includes but is not limited to at least one of low-melting glass powder, potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, wollastonite, diopside, dolomite, mullite, kaolin, mica powder, montmorillonite, sepiolite, and lithium spodumene.

[0047] In the present invention, the blowing agent includes, but is not limited to, at least one of hydroxy silicone oil, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, azodicarbonamide, benzenesulfonyl hydrazide, 4,4'-oxybis(benzenesulfonyl hydrazide), and dimethyl 1,1'-azobis(cyclohexanecarboxylate).

[0048] In the present invention, the cell structure stabilizer includes, but is not limited to, at least one of carbon nanotubes, alumina nanotubes, halloysite nanotubes, titanium oxide nanotubes, aluminum silicate nanotubes, and boron nitride nanotubes.

[0049] In the present invention, the inhibitor is selected from at least one of alkynol inhibitors and vinyl inhibitors. As a preferred embodiment, the alkynol inhibitors include, but are not limited to, at least one of 1-ethynylcyclohexanol, ethyl octynol, 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol, and 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyn-3,6-diol; the vinyl inhibitors include, but are not limited to, at least one of vinyl cyclics, 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane, and tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane.

[0050] In the present invention, the crosslinking agent is hydrogen-containing silicone oil. As a preferred embodiment, the crosslinking agent is hydrogen-containing silicone oil with a hydrogen content of 0.1-2%.

[0051] In the present invention, the curing agent is selected from at least one of two-component platinum curing agents and peroxides. As a preferred embodiment, the peroxides include, but are not limited to, at least one of benzoyl peroxide, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, dicumyl peroxide, and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate.

[0052] The present invention provides a method for preparing the aforementioned fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step S1: Add methyl vinyl silicone rubber or methyl vinyl silicone oil, reinforcing agent, flame retardant, and ceramizing agent into a kneader, knead into a mass, and cool to obtain a base rubber;

[0054] Step S2: Add a blowing agent, a cell structure stabilizer, an inhibitor, a crosslinking agent, and a curing agent to the base rubber, and mix evenly to obtain a rubber compound;

[0055] Step S3: Vulcanize and foam the rubber compound to obtain the fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber;

[0056] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step S1: Add methyl vinyl silicone rubber or methyl vinyl silicone oil, reinforcing agent, flame retardant, and ceramizing agent into a kneader, knead into a mass, and cool to obtain a base rubber;

[0058] Step S2: Stir and mix the foaming agent and the cell structure stabilizer to obtain a foaming mixture;

[0059] Step S3: Add the above-mentioned foaming mixture, inhibitor, crosslinking agent, and curing agent to the base rubber, and mix evenly to obtain a rubber compound;

[0060] Step S4: Sulfurize and foam the rubber compound to obtain a fire-resistant ceramized foamed silicone rubber;

[0061] Preferably, the temperature of the kneading in the above-mentioned step S1 is 80-150 °C, and the time is 0.5-3 h;

[0062] Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring and mixing in the above-mentioned step S2 is 20000-25000 r / min, and the mixing time is 10-30 s;

[0063] Preferably, the sulfurization and foaming in the above-mentioned step S3 adopt a casting, calendering or molding process.

[0064] The present invention provides the application of the foregoing fire-resistant ceramized foamed silicone rubber in foam fireproof materials.

[0065] The performance measurement method of the foamed silicone rubber in the present invention is as follows:

[0066] The foaming ratio and the expansion ratio after ablation are measured using a thickness gauge;

[0067] The foaming density is measured using an electronic analytical balance;

[0068] Spray the front of the specimen with a 1200 °C butane flame gun for 5 min (the thickness of the specimen is 2 mm), measure the back temperature, and observe the cell structure after ablation and the integrity of the formed ceramic body under a microscope.

[0069] The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below through specific examples:

[0070] Carbon nanotubes: Multi-walled porous carbon nanotubes, outer diameter 220-40 nm, aspect ratio 160:1-50:1, specific surface area 120-170 m 2 / g, commercially available;

[0071] Aluminum oxide nanotubes: Tube diameter 15-45 nm, aspect ratio 120:1-70:1, specific surface area 100-200 m 2 / g, commercially available;

[0072] Titanium oxide nanotubes: Tube diameter 25-50 nm, aspect ratio 150:1-80:1, specific surface area 100-180 m 2 / g, commercially available;

[0073] Ceramic powder - A: Commercially available, compounded from potassium feldspar, wollastonite, and dolomite in a mass ratio of 1:4:2, with good porcelain-forming effect and playing a good anti-cracking effect after the ablation of silicone rubber.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] Prepare raw materials according to the components and their weight parts in Table 1:

[0076] Table 1

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Preparation of foamed silicone rubber:

[0080] Step S1: Add methyl vinyl silicone rubber, reinforcing agent, flame retardant, and porcelain-forming agent into a kneading machine, heat up to 150 °C and knead for 1 h, then cool to obtain the base rubber.

[0081] Step S2: Add the blowing agent and cell structure stabilizer into a multi-functional pulverizer and stir and mix for 10 - 30 s at a rotation speed of 25000 r / min to obtain a foaming mixture;

[0082] Step S3: Add the above foaming mixture, inhibitor, crosslinking agent, and curing agent to the base rubber, mix evenly to obtain the rubber compound;

[0083] Step S4: Use the calendering process to press the rubber compound into the required thickness, enter the drying tunnel, and vulcanize and foam at 170 °C for 10 min to obtain the foamed silicone rubber.

[0084] The measurement results of the cell structure and fire resistance of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in this example are shown in Table 2.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] According to the method of Example 1, the difference is the addition method of carbon nanotubes, as shown in Table 2 specifically.

[0087] The measurement results of the cell structure and fire resistance of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in this example are shown in Table 2.

[0088] Table 2

[0089]

[0090] Figure 1 and Figure 2 are the microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubbers prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 respectively, Figure 9 and Figure 10Appearance diagrams of the ablated foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 respectively. As can be seen from the figures, whether the blowing agent and the nanotube material are first mixed and then added to the base rubber, or the nanotube material is directly added to the base rubber, both can play a role in maintaining the stability of the cell structure, and the ablated foamed silicone rubber has a complete ceramic body structure.

[0091] As can be seen from Table 2, when the nanotube material is added to the foamed silicone rubber through two different addition methods, although the ablated foamed silicone rubber has a complete ceramic body structure and cell structure, there are significant differences in the foaming ratio and back temperature test. The reason is that compared with adding the nanotube material to the base rubber, adding the nanotube material to the blowing agent can act as a cell nucleating agent during the foaming process, enabling the gas decomposed by the blowing agent to be better retained during the entire foaming process, and the obtained foamed silicone rubber has better foaming effect and heat insulation effect. In order to fully exert the flame retardant and heat insulation effects of the ceramized silica gel foam described in the present invention, the foaming method of compounding the blowing agent with the cell structure stabilizer into a foaming mixture and then adding it to the base rubber is more superior in terms of process.

[0092] Examples 3-4 and Comparative Example 1

[0093] According to the method of Example 1, the difference is that different types of nanotubes are added or no nanotubes are added, as shown in Table 3 specifically.

[0094] The measurement results of the cell structure and fire resistance of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Examples 3-4 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 3.

[0095] Table 3

[0096]

[0097] As can be seen from Table 3, compared with Comparative Example 1, in Examples 1, 3, and 4, by adding nanotubes to the blowing agent, the prepared foamed silicone rubber can maintain a complete cell structure after high-temperature ablation, with a low expansion rate, and a complete ceramic body is formed on its surface, thereby exerting a good heat insulation effect.

[0098] Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 are respectively the microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Examples 1, 3, and 4 before and after ablation; Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 are respectively the appearance diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Examples 1, 3, and 4 after ablation. As can be seen from the figures, the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Examples 1, 3, and 4 can still maintain a complete cell structure after high-temperature ablation and form a complete ceramic body structure.

[0099] Figure 5 Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Comparative Example 1 before and after ablation; Figure 13 Appearance diagram of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Comparative Example 1 after ablation. As can be seen from the figure, although the foamed silicone rubber prepared with a blowing agent without nanotubes can still form a ceramic body with a complete structure after high-temperature ablation, the cell structure collapses.

[0100] Example 5

[0101] According to the method of Example 1, the difference is that the weight fraction of carbon nanotubes is adjusted, as shown in Table 4 specifically.

[0102] The cell structure and fireproof performance measurement results of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in this example are shown in Table 4.

[0103] Table 4

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from Table 4, when the weight fraction of carbon nanotubes suddenly decreases from 6 parts to 0.25 parts, the foamed silicone rubber prepared can still maintain a complete cell structure after high-temperature ablation, with a low expansion rate, and a complete ceramic body is formed on its surface. This shows that adding a small amount of nanotubes to the blowing agent can make the foamed silicone rubber have good heat insulation performance during high-temperature ablation, preventing the spread of fire and heat to the inside of the silicone rubber.

[0106] Figure 6 Microscopic observation diagrams of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 5 before and after ablation; Figure 14 Appearance diagram of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 5 after ablation. As can be seen from the figure, adding a small amount of nanotubes to the blowing agent can also make the foamed silicone rubber maintain a complete cell structure after high-temperature ablation and form a ceramic body with a complete structure.

[0107] Comparative Example 2

[0108] According to the method of Example 1, the difference is that the ceramic-forming agent - A is replaced with mica powder and low melting point glass powder, as shown in Table 5 specifically.

[0109] The cell structure and fireproof performance measurement results of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in this comparative example are shown in Table 5.

[0110] Table 5

[0111]

[0112] As can be seen from Table 5, compared with using mica powder and low melting point glass powder as the ceramic-forming agent, at the same dosage, the special ceramic-forming agent - A can make the foamed silicone rubber prepared maintain a complete cell structure after high-temperature ablation, with a low expansion rate, and form a complete ceramic body.

[0113] Figure 7 Microscopic observation images of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Comparative Example 2 before and after ablation; Figure 15 Appearance image of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Comparative Example 2 after ablation. As can be seen from the figure, the cell structure of the foamed silicone rubber prepared by it collapses after high-temperature ablation, and at the same time, a ceramic body with a broken structure is formed.

[0114] Comparative Example 3

[0115] According to the method of Example 1, the difference is that no ceramic-forming agent is added.

[0116] The cell structure and fireproof performance measurement results of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in this comparative example are shown in Table 6.

[0117] Table 6

[0118]

[0119] As can be seen from Table 6, if no ceramic-forming agent is added, although the foamed silicone rubber can also be prepared, it becomes powdery after high-temperature ablation and cannot play a fireproof role.

[0120] Example 6

[0121] According to the method of Example 1, the difference is that the two-component platinum catalyst is replaced by benzoyl peroxide dichloride, and the temperature of the hot air drying tunnel is adjusted to 150 °C.

[0122] The cell structure and fireproof performance measurement results of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in this example are shown in Table 7.

[0123] Table 7

[0124]

[0125] As can be seen from Table 7, the comprehensive properties of the foamed silicone rubber obtained by platinum curing and benzoyl peroxide dichloride curing are similar, and both can maintain a complete ceramic body structure and cell structure after ablation under the action of nanotube materials.

[0126] Figure 8 Microscopic observation image of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 6 after ablation. From Figure 8 it can be seen that the silicone foam obtained by curing with benzoyl peroxide dichloride can also maintain the cell structure without collapse before and after ablation. Figure 16 Appearance image of the foamed silicone rubber prepared in Example 6 after ablation. From Figure 16It can be seen that the ablated foamed silicone rubber has a complete ceramic structure without cracking. This shows that the foamed silicone rubber obtained by using different curing agents and different curing methods can play a very good role in stabilizing the cell structure under the action of nanotube materials, thus showing excellent performance in fire prevention and heat insulation.

[0127] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A refractory ceramized foamed silicone rubber, including two forms: liquid ceramized foamed silicone rubber and solid ceramized foamed silicone rubber, characterized in that: The liquid ceramized foamed silicone rubber, by weight, comprises the following components: Methyl vinyl silicone oil: 40 parts Reinforcing agent: 10 - 40 parts Flame retardant: 15 - 70 parts Ceramic-forming agent: 10 - 30 parts Foaming agent: 1 - 13 parts Cell structure stabilizer: 0.1 - 10 parts Inhibitor: 0.01 - 0.5 parts Crosslinking agent: 0.1 - 5 parts Curing agent: 0.1 - 0.5 parts; The solid ceramized foamed silicone rubber, by weight, comprises the following components: Methyl vinyl silicone rubber: 40 parts Reinforcing agent: 8 - 60 parts Flame retardant: 20 - 80 parts Ceramic-forming agent: 10 - 30 parts Foaming agent: 1 - 10 parts Cell structure stabilizer: 0.1 - 10 parts Inhibitor: 0.01 - 0.3 parts Crosslinking agent: 0.1 - 1.5 parts Curing agent: 0.1 - 1.5 parts; The ceramic-forming agent is compounded from potassium feldspar, wollastonite and dolomite in a mass ratio of 1:4:2; The cell structure stabilizer is an inorganic nanotube; The preparation method of the refractory ceramized foamed silicone rubber comprises the following steps: Step S1: Add methyl vinyl silicone rubber or methyl vinyl silicone oil, reinforcing agent, flame retardant, and ceramic-forming agent into a kneader, knead into a mass, and cool to obtain a base rubber; Step S2: Stir and mix the foaming agent and the cell structure stabilizer to obtain a foaming mixture; Step S3: Add the above foaming mixture, inhibitor, crosslinking agent, and curing agent to the base rubber, and mix evenly to obtain a rubber compound; Step S4: Sulfurize and foam the rubber compound to obtain the refractory ceramized foamed silicone rubber.

2. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: The methyl vinyl silicone oil is selected from at least one of terminal vinyl silicone oil, side vinyl silicone oil, or terminal-side vinyl silicone oil.

3. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: The methyl vinyl silicone rubber is selected from at least one of methyl vinyl raw rubber and methyl vinyl mixed rubber.

4. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: The flame retardant is selected from at least one of inorganic flame retardants, phosphorus-based flame retardants, nitrogen-based flame retardants, and phosphorus-nitrogen-based flame retardants; The inorganic flame retardant is selected from at least one of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, basic magnesium carbonate, zinc borate, borax, and red phosphorus; The phosphorus-based flame retardant is selected from at least one of phosphates, hypophosphites, and hypophosphite esters; The nitrogen-based flame retardant is selected from at least one of dicyandiamide, melamine, and melamine cyanurate; The phosphorus-nitrogen-based flame retardant is selected from at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine polyphosphate, and guanidine phosphate.

5. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: The reinforcing agent is selected from at least one of precipitated silica and fumed silica.

6. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: The foaming agent is selected from at least one of hydroxy silicone oil, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, azodicarbonamide, benzenesulfonyl hydrazide, 4,4'-oxybis(benzenesulfonyl hydrazide), and dimethyl 1,1'-azobiscyclohexanecarboxylate.

7. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: The inorganic nanotube is selected from at least one of carbon nanotubes, alumina nanotubes, halloysite nanotubes, titanium oxide nanotubes, aluminum silicate nanotubes, and boron nitride nanotubes.

8. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: The inhibitor is selected from at least one of alkynol inhibitors and vinyl inhibitors.

9. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 8, wherein: The alkynol inhibitor is selected from at least one of 1-ethynylcyclohexanol, ethyl octynol, 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol, and 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne-3,6-diol.

10. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 8, wherein: The vinyl inhibitor is selected from at least one of vinyl cyclics, 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane, and tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane.

11. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crosslinking agent is hydrogen-containing silicone oil.

12. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 11, wherein: The crosslinking agent is hydrogen-containing silicone oil with a hydrogen content of 0.1-2%.

13. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: The curing agent is selected from at least one of two-component platinum curing agent and peroxide.

14. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 13, wherein: The peroxide is selected from at least one of benzoyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, dicumyl peroxide, and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate.

15. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: In step S1, the temperature of the kneading is 80-150 °C, and the time is 0.5-3 h.

16. The fire-resistant ceramized foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, the rotation speed of the stirring and mixing is 20,000-25,000 r / min, and the mixing time is 10-30 s.

17. The fire-resistant ceramizable foamed silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, the vulcanization and foaming adopt a casting, calendering or molding process.

18. Application of the fire-resistant ceramized foamed silicone rubber according to claims 1-17 in foam fireproof materials.

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