A method and device for detecting abnormal discharge sparking of a high-voltage power supply

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of aerosol purification, and particularly relates to a high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge sparking detection method and device, comprising: sampling the current of the high-voltage power supply through a current sampling circuit to obtain a current sampling value; sampling the voltage of the high-voltage power supply through a voltage sampling circuit to obtain a voltage sampling value; presetting the minimum voltage value, the maximum current value and the maximum PWM pulse width value of the high-voltage power supply in a control unit, and recording the real-time value of the control unit output driving waveform PWM pulse width; when the real-time value of the PWM pulse width is greater than the first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width value, the iteratively processed current sampling value is less than the second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the iteratively processed voltage sampling value is less than the third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value, then the determination condition is established; when the determination condition is established and the duration reaches the preset time, then it is determined that the high-voltage power supply has abnormal discharge sparking, and the measure of closing the high-voltage power supply output is taken.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerosol purification technology, and in particular to a method and device for detecting abnormal discharge and arcing in high-voltage power supplies. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, high-voltage electrostatic technology is widely used in aerosol purification. Its working principle involves applying a high voltage between two electrodes to create a strong electric field that locally ionizes the gas. Under the influence of the electric field, particulate matter and airflow are separated, and the charged aerosols are adsorbed onto the high-voltage plates, thus achieving aerosol purification. Since the high voltage used in this technology is typically several thousand to tens of thousands of volts, corona discharge and sparking may occur during operation, which is normal. However, improper installation or inadequate insulation in the high-voltage circuit may lead to abnormal discharge and sparking. During equipment operation, it is necessary to distinguish between these two situations, avoiding false protection for normal discharge and sparking while ensuring timely protection against abnormal discharge.

[0003] Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of the existing technology is an urgent problem to be solved in this technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to achieve timely protection against abnormal discharge of high-voltage power supply, while avoiding false protection against arcing during normal discharge.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] Firstly, a method for detecting abnormal discharge and arcing in a high-voltage power supply is provided, including:

[0007] A current sampling circuit is constructed to sample the current of the high-voltage power supply in order to obtain the current sampling value.

[0008] A voltage sampling circuit is constructed to sample the voltage of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a voltage sample value.

[0009] The minimum voltage value, maximum current value, and maximum pulse width modulation (PWM) value of the high voltage power supply are preset in the control unit. The voltage sampling value and current sampling value are iteratively processed according to the first algorithm, and the real-time value of the PWM pulse width of the output drive waveform of the control unit is recorded.

[0010] When the real-time value of the PWM pulse width is greater than a first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width, the current sample value after iterative processing is less than a second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the voltage sample value after iterative processing is less than a third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value, the determination condition is met. When the determination condition is met and the duration reaches a preset time, it is determined that the high-voltage power supply has an abnormal discharge arcing, and measures are taken to shut down the output of the high-voltage power supply.

[0011] Preferably, the construction of the current sampling circuit, which samples the current of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a current sampling value, specifically includes:

[0012] Construct a current sampling circuit including a first chip and a first operational amplifier, and connect the positive and negative input terminals of the first chip to the high-voltage power supply.

[0013] Connect the positive output terminal of the first chip to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and connect the negative output terminal of the first chip to the inverted input terminal of the first operational amplifier.

[0014] The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the control unit to sample the current of the high-voltage power supply through the current sampling circuit to obtain the current sampling value.

[0015] Preferably, the construction of the voltage sampling circuit, which samples the voltage of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a voltage sample value, specifically includes:

[0016] A voltage sampling circuit including a second chip and a second operational amplifier is constructed, and the positive and negative input terminals of the second chip are connected to the high-voltage power supply.

[0017] Connect the positive output terminal of the second chip to the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and connect the negative output terminal of the second chip to the inverted input terminal of the second operational amplifier.

[0018] The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the control unit to sample the voltage of the high-voltage power supply through the voltage sampling circuit to obtain the voltage sample value.

[0019] Preferably, the iterative processing of the voltage sample value and the current sample value according to the first algorithm includes:

[0020] Construct a model of the first algorithm that includes the first equation and the second equation;

[0021] The state of the current and voltage sample values ​​is predicted using the first equation;

[0022] The state of the current sample value and voltage sample value is updated by the second equation to estimate the actual value of the current sample value and voltage sample value.

[0023] Secondly, a high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arc detection device is provided, comprising: a control unit, a current sampling circuit and a voltage sampling circuit, wherein the current sampling circuit is connected to the high-voltage power supply and the control unit respectively, and the voltage sampling circuit is connected to the high-voltage power supply and the control unit respectively.

[0024] The current sampling circuit is used to sample the current of the high-voltage power supply to obtain the current sampling value;

[0025] The voltage sampling circuit is used to sample the voltage of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a voltage sample value;

[0026] The control unit presets the minimum voltage value, maximum current value, and maximum PWM pulse width value of the high voltage power supply. The control unit is used to iteratively process the voltage sampling value and current sampling value according to the first algorithm, and record the real-time value of the PWM pulse width of the drive waveform output by the control unit.

[0027] The control unit is also configured to determine that the judgment condition is met when the real-time value of the PWM pulse width is greater than a first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width value, the current sample value after iterative processing is less than a second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the voltage sample value after iterative processing is less than a third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value; when the judgment condition is met and the duration reaches a preset time, the control unit determines that the high-voltage power supply has an abnormal discharge arcing and takes measures to shut down the output of the high-voltage power supply.

[0028] Preferably, the current sampling circuit includes a first chip and a first operational amplifier, wherein the positive and negative input terminals of the first chip are connected to the high-voltage power supply.

[0029] The positive output terminal of the first chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the negative output terminal of the first chip is connected to the inverted input terminal of the first operational amplifier.

[0030] The output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the control unit.

[0031] Preferably, the current sampling circuit further includes resistors R3, R6, and R7, diode D1, diode D2, capacitor C9, and capacitor C10;

[0032] One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip, and the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded.

[0033] One end of resistor R6 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first chip, and the other end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of resistor R7, with the other end of resistor R7 grounded.

[0034] The anode of diode D1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip, the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first chip, and diode D2 is connected in parallel across the resistor R7.

[0035] One end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip via the resistor R3, and the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the high-voltage power supply.

[0036] One end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first chip.

[0037] Preferably, the voltage sampling circuit includes a second chip and a second operational amplifier, wherein the positive and negative input terminals of the second chip are connected to the high-voltage power supply.

[0038] The positive output terminal of the second chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and the negative output terminal of the second chip is connected to the inverted input terminal of the second operational amplifier.

[0039] The output of the second operational amplifier is connected to the control unit.

[0040] Preferably, the voltage sampling circuit further includes resistors R11, R14, and R15, capacitor C19, and capacitor C21;

[0041] One end of the resistor R11 is connected to the positive input terminal of the second chip, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second chip.

[0042] One end of resistor R14 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second chip, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to one end of resistor R15, with the other end of resistor R15 grounded.

[0043] One end of the capacitor C19 is connected to one end of the resistor R14, and the other end of the capacitor C19 is grounded.

[0044] One end of capacitor C21 is connected to the positive input terminal of the second chip, and the other end of capacitor C21 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second chip.

[0045] Preferably, the voltage output by the high-voltage power supply passes through the capacitor C19 and resistor R11 in sequence before being input to the positive input terminal of the second chip.

[0046] The voltage output from the high-voltage power supply is then passed through resistors R15 and R14 in sequence before being input to the negative input terminal of the second chip.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0048] This invention samples the current and voltage values ​​of a high-voltage power supply and presets the minimum voltage, maximum current, and maximum PWM pulse width values ​​of the high-voltage power supply in the control unit. When the real-time PWM pulse width value is greater than a first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width value, the current sample value is less than a second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the voltage sample value is less than a third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value, all occurring simultaneously for a preset time, a condition is met. When the condition is met and the duration reaches the preset time, it is determined that the high-voltage power supply has experienced abnormal discharge arcing, and measures are taken to shut down the high-voltage power supply output. By introducing the real-time PWM pulse width value of the drive waveform into the control unit, combined with the current and voltage sample values, it is possible to more accurately determine whether the high-voltage power supply is experiencing abnormal discharge arcing. This avoids false protection for normal discharge arcing and allows for timely protection against abnormal discharge arcing. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting abnormal discharge and arcing in a high-voltage power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing of current and voltage sample values ​​in a high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection method provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0052] Figure 3 This is another flowchart illustrating a high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arc detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the current sampling circuit of a high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage sampling circuit of a high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0058] In this invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] In existing technologies, for the application of high-voltage electrostatic technology in the field of aerosol purification, and to meet the need for distinguishing and protecting against normal and abnormal discharge arcing, the following methods can be adopted:

[0062] Real-time monitoring of corona discharge characteristics in high-voltage power supplies, including current, voltage, and discharge frequency, is crucial, as normal and abnormal discharge arcing may exhibit different characteristics. Real-time data from the high-voltage power line is acquired using sensors or monitoring devices for subsequent analysis and differentiation. Collecting extensive data under normal operating conditions establishes characteristic patterns for normal discharge, which can be achieved by recording corona discharge data during normal operation and using machine learning or other data analysis techniques for pattern recognition. Thresholds are set based on parameters such as current and voltage, triggering an alarm when the monitored corona discharge characteristics exceed the normal range. However, the effectiveness of the above methods in distinguishing between normal and abnormal discharge arcing differs significantly from reality, making accurate differentiation impossible.

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for detecting abnormal discharge and arcing in a high-voltage power supply, including:

[0064] A current sampling circuit is constructed to sample the current of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a current sampling value. A voltage sampling circuit is constructed to sample the voltage of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a voltage sampling value. The control unit presets the minimum voltage value, maximum current value, and maximum PWM pulse width value of the high-voltage power supply. The voltage and current sampling values ​​are iteratively processed according to a first algorithm, and the real-time value of the PWM pulse width of the output drive waveform of the control unit is recorded. When the real-time PWM pulse width value is greater than a first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width value, the iteratively processed current sampling value is less than a second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the iteratively processed voltage sampling value is less than a third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value, the determination condition is met. When the determination condition is met and the duration reaches a preset time, it is determined that the high-voltage power supply has experienced abnormal discharge and arcing, and measures are taken to shut down the output of the high-voltage power supply.

[0065] This invention samples the current and voltage values ​​of a high-voltage power supply and presets the minimum voltage, maximum current, and maximum PWM pulse width values ​​of the high-voltage power supply in the control unit. When the real-time PWM pulse width value is greater than a first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width value, the current sample value is less than a second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the voltage sample value is less than a third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value, all occurring simultaneously for a preset time, a condition is met. When the condition is met and the duration reaches the preset time, it is determined that the high-voltage power supply has experienced abnormal discharge arcing, and measures are taken to shut down the high-voltage power supply output. By introducing the real-time PWM pulse width value of the drive waveform into the control unit, combined with the current and voltage sample values, it is possible to more accurately determine whether the high-voltage power supply is experiencing abnormal discharge arcing. This avoids false protection for normal discharge arcing and allows for timely protection against abnormal discharge arcing.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge arc detection method includes:

[0067] Step 101: Construct a current sampling circuit to sample the current of the high-voltage power supply to obtain the current sampling value.

[0068] The high-voltage power supply can be a circuit that generates high-voltage electricity by being controlled by a control unit, or other devices or equipment that generate high-voltage electricity.

[0069] Step 101 specifically includes: constructing a current sampling circuit including a first chip and a first operational amplifier; connecting the positive and negative input terminals of the first chip to the high-voltage power supply; connecting the positive output terminal of the first chip to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier; connecting the negative output terminal of the first chip to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier; and connecting the output terminal of the first operational amplifier to the control unit, so as to sample the current of the high-voltage power supply through the current sampling circuit to obtain the current sampling value.

[0070] When sampling the current of the high-voltage power supply, using an isolated current sampling chip is crucial to prevent high voltage from damaging other parts of the circuit. The first chip can be an isolated current sampling chip, used to accurately measure the current of the high-voltage power supply and provide electrical isolation to protect the circuit. The first operational amplifier amplifies the output signal of the first chip for subsequent processing or measurement. Ensuring correct power and ground connections for all components is essential for stable circuit operation. Safety should always be a priority when handling high-voltage circuits, ensuring appropriate precautions are taken. The control unit can be a microcontroller (MCU), which receives the output of the first operational amplifier for further signal processing.

[0071] It is worth noting that only the basic structure of the current sampling circuit is described here, and its specific components will be explained in detail below.

[0072] Step 102: Construct a voltage sampling circuit to sample the voltage of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a voltage sampling value.

[0073] Step 102 specifically includes: constructing a voltage sampling circuit including a second chip and a second operational amplifier; connecting the positive and negative input terminals of the second chip to the high-voltage power supply; connecting the positive output terminal of the second chip to the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier; connecting the negative output terminal of the second chip to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier; and connecting the output terminal of the second operational amplifier to the control unit, so as to sample the voltage of the high-voltage power supply through the voltage sampling circuit to obtain the voltage sampling value.

[0074] The second chip can be an isolated voltage sampling chip used to accurately measure the voltage of the high-voltage power supply. The second operational amplifier amplifies the output signal of the second chip, ensuring that the amplified signal meets the input requirements of the control unit, and transmits the amplified signal to the control unit for further processing. When sampling voltage under high-voltage conditions, the accuracy and stability of the second chip and the second operational amplifier must be ensured. Using components with electrical isolation capabilities can improve safety.

[0075] Similar to the current sampling circuit described above, only a basic framework for the voltage sampling circuit design is provided here. However, the actual circuit design requires more details, which will be explained in detail below.

[0076] After obtaining the current and voltage sample values, they need to be processed accordingly. For specific operations, please refer to step 103.

[0077] Step 103: In the control unit, preset the minimum voltage value, maximum current value and maximum PWM pulse width value of the high voltage power supply, iteratively process the voltage sampling value and current sampling value according to the first algorithm, and record the real-time value of the PWM pulse width of the drive waveform output by the control unit.

[0078] The preset minimum voltage value of the high-voltage power supply is to avoid performance degradation or damage caused by low voltage. In cases of high-voltage power supply instability or heavy load, the control unit can monitor the voltage value to ensure it does not fall below this set value. The preset maximum current value of the high-voltage power supply is to limit its maximum output current, preventing overload and potential damage. The preset maximum PWM signal pulse width value can control the output power of the high-voltage power supply.

[0079] In current and voltage measurements, noise from various sources is often present. This noise may originate from the current or voltage sampling circuit itself, electromagnetic interference, or internal electrical noise within the system. During actual sampling, it is necessary to reduce the impact of this noise on the sampling results to improve the accuracy of the sampled data (current and voltage sample values).

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, a first algorithm, such as a Kalman filter algorithm, can be used to reduce the impact of noise or other interference on the current and voltage sample values. In dynamic systems, current and voltage may vary due to various factors (such as load changes, temperature fluctuations, etc.). By considering the possibility of these variations, the Kalman filter algorithm can provide more stable and reliable measurement results. Through an iterative process, the estimation of the system state is continuously updated to adapt to possible changes and uncertainties, ultimately yielding more accurate actual values ​​for the current and voltage sample values.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, step 103 includes:

[0082] Step 1031: Construct a model of the first algorithm that includes the first equation and the second equation.

[0083] The first equation can be a state equation, and the second equation is a prediction equation. The specific operations include: determining state variables, which are current and voltage sample values; designing the first equation to predict the state at the next moment based on the current state or the system's dynamics (e.g., the physical characteristics of the current or voltage sampling circuit); and designing the second equation to update the state prediction based on new observation data (real-time current and voltage sample values).

[0084] Step 1032: Predict the state of the current sample value and voltage sample value using the first equation.

[0085] The first equation is used to predict the state of the current and voltage sample values, and the current and voltage sample values ​​at the next moment are predicted using the current state and possible system dynamics.

[0086] Step 1033: Update the state of the current sample value and voltage sample value using the second equation to estimate the actual value of the current sample value and voltage sample value.

[0087] The state is updated using a second equation to more accurately estimate the actual values ​​of the current and voltage samples. This involves collecting new observation data and acquiring new measurements of the current and voltage samples in real time. The updated equation is then used to adjust and correct the state estimate, combining the new observation data with the predicted state. The error covariance is updated, involving adjustments to the uncertainty of the estimate to reflect the impact of the new information.

[0088] The processes described in steps 1032 and 1033 need to be repeated continuously to process new data in real time and continuously improve the estimation of the current and voltage sample values, ultimately obtaining the actual values ​​of the current and voltage sample values. It is worth noting that the specific process of the Kalman filtering algorithm is not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0089] Step 104: When the real-time value of the PWM pulse width is greater than the first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width value, the current sample value after iterative processing is less than the second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the voltage sample value after iterative processing is less than the third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value, the determination condition is met; when the determination condition is met and the duration reaches the preset time, it is determined that the high-voltage power supply has an abnormal discharge arcing, and measures are taken to shut down the output of the high-voltage power supply.

[0090] Wherein, the first preset percentage can be 60%, the second preset percentage can be 10%, the third preset percentage can be 70%, and the preset time can be 2s.

[0091] If the maximum PWM pulse width value is MAX_loop_out, the first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width value refers to the value obtained by multiplying MAX_loop_out by the first preset percentage, that is, comparing the real-time PWM pulse width value with the value obtained by multiplying MAX_loop_out by the first preset percentage. The meaning of the preset percentages for current and voltage is the same as the aforementioned types, and will not be repeated here.

[0092] Step 104 proposes a safety monitoring mechanism for a high-voltage power supply system, used to detect abnormal discharge and arcing, and automatically shut down the power output to protect the system when necessary. See [link to specific procedures] for details. Figure 3 .

[0093] exist Figure 3 First, the system variables are initialized, including the minimum output voltage (MIN_Vout), the maximum output current (MAX_Iout), and the maximum PWM pulse width (MAX_loop_out). Then, the DSP clock, PWM, and ADC sampling are initialized. The output current (Iout) and output voltage (Vout) are sampled during the switching frequency cycle using current and voltage sampling circuits, and the real-time PWM pulse (Loop_Out) is recorded. Kalman filtering is applied to the sampled current and voltage values ​​to obtain more accurate values. Based on the judgment criteria:

[0094] Loop_Out>(60%*MAX_loop_out)&&Iout<(10%*MAX_I_out)&&

[0095] When Vout < (70% * MIN_Vout), if the judgment condition is met and the duration is 2s, the control unit controls the high voltage power supply to interrupt the output. If one of the conditions is not met, the sampling and judgment will be re-performed.

[0096] When the real-time PWM pulse width value is greater than 60% of the maximum PWM pulse width value, it indicates that the PWM pulse width has not exceeded the maximum limit, but is close to the upper limit (above 60%), which is an abnormal operating state. When the current sample value is less than 10% of the maximum current value, the current value being far below the maximum allowable value may indicate that current flow is obstructed or the system load is far below the normal level. When the voltage sample value is less than 70% of the minimum voltage value, it may indicate that the power supply is unstable or the load is too heavy. The above situations must occur simultaneously and last for at least 2 seconds to avoid false alarms caused by brief fluctuations or measurement errors. The control unit will determine that the high-voltage power supply is in an abnormal discharge and arcing state at this time, and automatically execute the safety protocol, that is, shut down the high-voltage power supply output or delay restart. After the delay restart, the above sampling and judgment process needs to be re-executed to prevent further damage or safety risks.

[0097] It is worth noting that the values ​​corresponding to the first preset percentage, the second preset percentage, the third preset percentage, and the preset time can be flexibly changed according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, they will not be explained in detail.

[0098] Example 2:

[0099] In Example 1, a method for detecting abnormal discharge and arcing in a high-voltage power supply was proposed. In this example, a device for detecting abnormal discharge and arcing in a high-voltage power supply will be proposed, such as... Figure 4As shown, the system includes: a control unit, a current sampling circuit, and a voltage sampling circuit. The current sampling circuit is connected to the high-voltage power supply and the control unit, respectively. The voltage sampling circuit is also connected to the high-voltage power supply and the control unit, respectively. The current sampling circuit samples the current of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a current sampling value. The voltage sampling circuit samples the voltage of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a voltage sampling value. The control unit presets a minimum voltage value, a maximum current value, and a maximum PWM pulse width value for the high-voltage power supply. The control unit iteratively processes the voltage and current sampling values ​​according to a first algorithm and records the real-time value of the PWM pulse width output by the control unit. The control unit further determines that a condition is met when the real-time PWM pulse width value is greater than a first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width value, the iteratively processed current sampling value is less than a second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the iteratively processed voltage sampling value is less than a third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value. When the condition is met and the duration reaches a preset time, it determines that the high-voltage power supply has experienced abnormal discharge and arcing, and takes measures to shut down the output of the high-voltage power supply.

[0100] The high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and spark detection device monitors and analyzes key parameters of the high-voltage power supply (including current, voltage, and PWM pulse width) in real time. This allows for rapid shutdown of the power output upon detection of potential abnormal discharge or sparks, preventing further damage and risk. The current sampling circuit monitors and converts the current signal of the high-voltage power supply in real time, obtaining a current sampling value. The voltage sampling circuit monitors and converts the voltage signal of the high-voltage power supply in real time, obtaining a voltage sampling value. The control unit, the core of the system, controls the on / off state of the high-voltage power supply output. It also receives and processes signals from the current and voltage sampling circuits. The real-time value of the PWM pulse width is monitored, and the device determines the presence of abnormal discharge or sparks based on preset conditional logic (various preset percentages and preset times mentioned above). Upon detection of an abnormality, the high-voltage power supply output is immediately shut down.

[0101] The key feature of the aforementioned device is its ability to monitor and respond to potential abnormal states in real time, distinguishing between normal discharge arcing and abnormal discharge arcing, thereby significantly reducing the risks caused by high-voltage power supply discharge arcing. This not only improves system stability and safety but also protects other parts of the system from damage by automatically shutting down the power supply, potentially saving substantial maintenance and replacement costs.

[0102] like Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic of the specific structure of the high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arc detection device. The specific structures of the current sampling circuit and the voltage sampling circuit will be described in detail below.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the current sampling circuit includes a first chip U1 and a first operational amplifier U2A. The positive and negative input terminals of the first chip are connected to the high-voltage power supply; the positive output terminal of the first chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the negative output terminal of the first chip is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier; the output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the control unit. The output terminal of the first power amplifier, after passing through resistor R4, Figure 6 The AD0 point is connected to the control unit.

[0104] When sampling the current of the high-voltage power supply, using an isolated current sampling chip is crucial to prevent high voltage damage to other parts of the circuit. The first chip can be an isolated current sampling chip, used to accurately measure the current of the high-voltage power supply and provide electrical isolation to protect the circuit. The first operational amplifier amplifies the output signal of the first chip for subsequent processing or measurement. Ensuring correct power and ground connections for all components is essential for stable circuit operation. Safety should always be a priority when handling high-voltage circuits, ensuring appropriate precautions are taken. The control unit can be an MCU, which receives the output of the first operational amplifier for further signal processing.

[0105] Reference Figure 6 The current sampling circuit further includes resistors R3, R6, and R7, diodes D1 and D2, and capacitors C9 and C10. One end of resistor R3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip, and the other end of resistor R3 is grounded. One end of resistor R6 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first chip, and the other end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of resistor R7, which is also grounded. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip, and the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first chip. Diode D2 is connected in parallel across resistor R7. One end of capacitor C9 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip via resistor R3, and the other end of capacitor C9 is connected to the high-voltage power supply. One end of capacitor C10 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip, and the other end of capacitor C10 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first chip.

[0106] The current output by the high-voltage power supply passes through the resistor R3 and is then input to the positive input terminal of the first chip; the current output by the high-voltage power supply also passes through the load and the resistor R6 in sequence and is then input to the negative input terminal of the second chip.

[0107] In this circuit, resistor R3 is connected between the positive input terminal of the chip and ground to limit current. Resistors R6 and R7 are connected between the negative input terminal of the first chip and ground, forming a resistor divider to adjust the circuit gain or impedance. Diode D1 is connected between the positive and negative input terminals of the chip, serving as a reverse protection diode to protect the first chip from overvoltage damage. Diode D2 is connected in parallel across resistor R7, acting as a switch that activates when the voltage reaches a specific level, protecting the circuit. One end of capacitor C9 is connected to the positive input terminal of the chip via resistor R3, and the other end is directly connected to the high-voltage power supply, used to filter and stabilize the input current signal. One end of capacitor C10 is connected to the positive input terminal of the chip, and the other end is connected to the negative input terminal of the chip, used to filter out power supply noise.

[0108] It is worth noting that the specific structure of the current sampling circuit can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 Other structures and connection methods will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the voltage sampling circuit includes a second chip U3 and a second operational amplifier U4A. The positive and negative input terminals of the second chip are connected to the high-voltage power supply. The positive output terminal of the second chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and the negative output terminal of the second chip is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the control unit.

[0110] Wherein, the output terminal of the second power amplifier passes through resistor R12, Figure 7 The AD1 point is connected to the control unit.

[0111] The second chip can be an isolated voltage sampling chip for accurately measuring the voltage of the high-voltage power supply. The second operational amplifier amplifies the output signal of the second chip, ensuring that the amplified signal meets the input requirements of the control unit, and transmits the amplified signal to the control unit for further processing. When sampling voltage in a high-voltage environment, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy and stability of the second chip and the second operational amplifier. Using components with electrical isolation capabilities can improve safety.

[0112] Reference Figure 7The voltage sampling circuit further includes resistors R11, R14, and R15, and capacitors C19 and C21. One end of resistor R11 is connected to the positive input terminal of the second chip, and the other end of resistor R11 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second chip. One end of resistor R14 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second chip, and the other end of resistor R14 is connected to one end of resistor R15, with the other end of resistor R15 grounded. One end of capacitor C19 is connected to one end of resistor R14, and the other end of capacitor C19 is grounded. One end of capacitor C21 is connected to the positive input terminal of the second chip, and the other end of capacitor C21 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second chip.

[0113] The voltage output from the high-voltage power supply passes through capacitor C19 and resistor R11 in sequence before being input to the positive input terminal of the second chip; the voltage output from the high-voltage power supply also passes through resistor R15 and resistor R14 in sequence before being input to the negative input terminal of the second chip.

[0114] It is worth noting that the specific structure of the voltage sampling circuit can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 7 Other structures and connection methods will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0115] The specific steps of the high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arc detection method are described in Example 1, and will not be repeated in this example.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting abnormal discharge and arcing in a high-voltage power supply, characterized in that, include: A current sampling circuit is constructed to sample the current of the high-voltage power supply in order to obtain the current sampling value. A voltage sampling circuit is constructed to sample the voltage of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a voltage sample value. The control unit presets the minimum voltage value, maximum current value, and maximum PWM pulse width value of the high-voltage power supply. Iterative processing of the voltage and current sample values ​​is performed according to a first algorithm, and the real-time value of the PWM pulse width of the drive waveform output by the control unit is recorded. The iterative processing of the voltage and current sample values ​​according to the first algorithm includes: Construct a model of the first algorithm that includes the first equation and the second equation; The state of the current and voltage sample values ​​is predicted using the first equation; The state of the current sample value and voltage sample value is updated by the second equation to estimate the actual value of the current sample value and voltage sample value; When the real-time value of the PWM pulse width is greater than a first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width, the current sample value after iterative processing is less than a second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the voltage sample value after iterative processing is less than a third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value, the determination condition is met. When the determination condition is met and the duration reaches a preset time, it is determined that the high-voltage power supply has an abnormal discharge arcing, and measures are taken to shut down the output of the high-voltage power supply.

2. The method for detecting abnormal discharge and arcing in a high-voltage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned current sampling circuit samples the current from the high-voltage power supply to obtain a current sampling value, specifically including: Construct a current sampling circuit including a first chip and a first operational amplifier, and connect the positive and negative input terminals of the first chip to the high-voltage power supply. Connect the positive output terminal of the first chip to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and connect the negative output terminal of the first chip to the inverted input terminal of the first operational amplifier. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the control unit to sample the current of the high-voltage power supply through the current sampling circuit to obtain the current sampling value.

3. The method for detecting abnormal discharge and arcing in a high-voltage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the voltage sampling circuit, which samples the voltage of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a voltage sample value, specifically includes: A voltage sampling circuit including a second chip and a second operational amplifier is constructed, and the positive and negative input terminals of the second chip are connected to the high-voltage power supply. Connect the positive output terminal of the second chip to the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and connect the negative output terminal of the second chip to the inverted input terminal of the second operational amplifier. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the control unit to sample the voltage of the high-voltage power supply through the voltage sampling circuit to obtain the voltage sample value.

4. A high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection device, characterized in that, The device is used to implement the high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arc detection method as described in any one of claims 1-3, comprising: a control unit, a current sampling circuit and a voltage sampling circuit, wherein the current sampling circuit is connected to the high-voltage power supply and the control unit respectively, and the voltage sampling circuit is connected to the high-voltage power supply and the control unit respectively; The current sampling circuit is used to sample the current of the high-voltage power supply to obtain the current sampling value; The voltage sampling circuit is used to sample the voltage of the high-voltage power supply to obtain a voltage sample value; The control unit presets the minimum voltage value, maximum current value, and maximum PWM pulse width value of the high voltage power supply. The control unit is used to iteratively process the voltage sampling value and current sampling value according to the first algorithm, and record the real-time value of the PWM pulse width of the drive waveform output by the control unit. The control unit is also configured to determine that the judgment condition is met when the real-time value of the PWM pulse width is greater than a first preset percentage of the maximum PWM pulse width value, the current sample value after iterative processing is less than a second preset percentage of the maximum current value, and the voltage sample value after iterative processing is less than a third preset percentage of the minimum voltage value; when the judgment condition is met and the duration reaches a preset time, the control unit determines that the high-voltage power supply has an abnormal discharge arcing and takes measures to shut down the output of the high-voltage power supply.

5. The high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The current sampling circuit includes a first chip and a first operational amplifier, and the positive and negative input terminals of the first chip are connected to the high-voltage power supply. The positive output terminal of the first chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the negative output terminal of the first chip is connected to the inverted input terminal of the first operational amplifier. The output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the control unit.

6. The high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The current sampling circuit also includes resistors R3, R6, and R7, diode D1, diode D2, capacitor C9, and capacitor C10; One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip, and the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded. One end of resistor R6 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first chip, and the other end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of resistor R7, with the other end of resistor R7 grounded. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip, the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first chip, and diode D2 is connected in parallel across the resistor R7. One end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip via the resistor R3, and the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the high-voltage power supply. One end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first chip, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first chip.

7. The high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage sampling circuit includes a second chip and a second operational amplifier, and the positive and negative input terminals of the second chip are connected to the high-voltage power supply. The positive output terminal of the second chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and the negative output terminal of the second chip is connected to the inverted input terminal of the second operational amplifier. The output of the second operational amplifier is connected to the control unit.

8. The high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The voltage sampling circuit also includes resistors R11, R14, and R15, capacitors C19 and C21; One end of the resistor R11 is connected to the positive input terminal of the second chip, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second chip. One end of resistor R14 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second chip, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to one end of resistor R15, with the other end of resistor R15 grounded. One end of the capacitor C19 is connected to one end of the resistor R14, and the other end of the capacitor C19 is grounded. One end of capacitor C21 is connected to the positive input terminal of the second chip, and the other end of capacitor C21 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second chip.

9. The high-voltage power supply abnormal discharge and arcing detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The voltage output from the high-voltage power supply passes through the capacitor C19 and resistor R11 in sequence, and then inputs the voltage to the positive input terminal of the second chip. The voltage output from the high-voltage power supply is then passed through resistors R15 and R14 in sequence before being input to the negative input terminal of the second chip.

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