A rail car for rapid unloading

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of track mining car technology, specifically disclosing a track mining car capable of rapid unloading, comprising a mining car frame and a ore box. The lower end of one side of the ore box is rotatably connected to the mining car frame. A first spring connects between the mining car frame and the lower surface of the ore box. An unloading port is opened on the side of the ore box, and an opening / closing door is rotatably connected to the upper end of the unloading port. A bracket is connected to the side of the ore box, and a guide wheel is connected to the end of the bracket. A side-tilting guide plate is fixed at the unloading position on the mining car track. A shock-dropping mechanism driven by the guide wheel is provided at the bottom of the ore box. A vibration diffuser is welded to the bottom of the ore box to interact with the shock-dropping mechanism. The track mining car structure disclosed in this invention is simple and ingenious in design, ensuring that all track mining cars can stably open the unloading port when passing the unloading position, thereby completing the automatic unloading process, and ensuring that all materials inside the ore box can be shaken off, avoiding the occurrence of adhesion to the inner wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railcar technology, and specifically discloses a railcar that can unload cargo quickly. Background Technology

[0002] A mine car is a narrow-gauge railway vehicle used in mines to transport materials such as coal, ore, and waste rock. It mainly consists of a diesel locomotive, car frames, and ore boxes. The car frames are connected sequentially to the rear of the locomotive, while the ore boxes are installed individually on each car frame. Currently, there are two main unloading methods for mine cars: manual unloading and hydraulic cylinder-assisted tilting unloading. Manual unloading is labor-intensive and inefficient, and is gradually being phased out. Hydraulic cylinder-assisted tilting unloading requires each car frame to have its own hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic system, resulting in a complex overall structure. Furthermore, adjusting the number of rear car frames necessitates adjustments to the hydraulic system, making it cumbersome to use.

[0003] Utility model patent application number 2022222572648 discloses a self-unloading rail transport vehicle, including a rail and a carriage. The bottom of the carriage is provided with a base, and the bottom of the base is provided with rollers that abut against the rail. An opening and closing door is provided on the side wall of the carriage near the hinge axis. The top of the opening and closing door is hinged to the carriage. A pin is welded to the outer wall of the opening and closing door. A Z-shaped bent rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base. A card frame is fixedly connected to the Z-shaped bent rod. The card frame has a card slot. A first guide block is provided on the side of the rail near the Z-shaped bent rod, and a second guide block is provided on the other side of the rail. A guide wheel is connected to the outer wall of the carriage opposite to the opening and closing door. Although the self-unloading rail transport vehicle disclosed in this patent releases the locked state of the opening and closing door during unloading through the action between the Z-shaped curved rod and the first guide block, and achieves the side tilting of the carriage through the action between the guide wheel and the second guide block, so that the materials inside the carriage can fall off by their own weight when the carriage is tilted and tilted, this self-unloading rail transport vehicle still has some shortcomings. Firstly, both the Z-shaped curved rod and the first guide block are located on one side of the opening and closing door. During the unloading process, some of the material sliding down the door will fall onto the first guide block, affecting the interaction between the Z-shaped curved rod and the first guide block on the subsequent railcar. Secondly, although the patent uses a wavy surface at the upper end of the second guide block to allow the car to swing to a certain extent during unloading due to the interaction between the wavy surface and the guide wheel, the car is already in a tilted and tipping state during unloading, resulting in poor stability. Furthermore, the reciprocating swing can easily cause the car to tip off the frame. Additionally, when unloading coal with high moisture content, the coal adheres significantly to the inner wall of the car, and swinging to a certain extent is insufficient to effectively remove it all from the car, requiring subsequent manual handling. Based on the above shortcomings of existing self-unloading rail transport vehicles, this application proposes a railcar that can effectively solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a railcar that can unload quickly, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing self-unloading railcars mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A fast-unloading rail-mounted mine car includes a mine car frame and a ore box. The mine car frame is movable along the mine car track. The lower end of one side of the ore box parallel to the mine car track is rotatably connected to the mine car frame, and a pad is provided on the lower end of the other side of the ore box to horizontally support the ore box above the mine car frame. A first spring is connected between the lower surfaces of the mine car frame and the ore box. An unloading port is opened on the side of the ore box near the rotatably connected position to the mine car frame, and an opening and closing door is rotatably connected to the upper end of the unloading port. A bracket is connected to the side of the ore box away from the rotatably connected position to the mine car frame, and a guide wheel is connected to the end of the bracket. A vertical frame is fixed at the unloading position of the mine car track. The vertical frame is parallel to the mine car track, and a side-tilting guide plate that interacts with the guide wheel is connected to the top of the vertical frame. The side-tilting guide plate is shaped with a high middle and low ends, and the two ends of the side-tilting guide plate are flush with the bottom of the guide wheel on the ore box in the horizontal state.

[0007] The opening and closing door is connected to a retaining pin extending from the side. The ore box is rotatably connected to a hook that interacts with the retaining pin on the side perpendicular to the opening and closing door. A triangular plate is welded onto the ore car frame, and a top wheel that abuts against the hook is connected to the top of the triangular plate.

[0008] The bottom of the ore box is equipped with an impact and shaking mechanism driven by guide wheels, and a vibration diffuser that interacts with the impact and shaking mechanism is welded to the bottom of the ore box.

[0009] As a further feature of the above scheme, the upper surface of the tilting guide plate is provided with an inclined slope toward the side of the mine car track, and the outer circle of the guide wheel is covered with a rubber layer to increase the friction between the guide wheel and the tilting guide plate.

[0010] As a further provision of the above scheme, the impact and shaking mechanism includes a rotating cylinder connected to the guide wheel. The outer circular surface of the rotating cylinder is provided with a guide groove consisting of a spiral segment and an axial straight segment connected end to end. Side strip plates are fixed at the bottom of the ore box on both sides of the rotating cylinder. The side strip plates are provided with strip-shaped openings parallel to the axis of the rotating cylinder. A moving block is provided between the two side strip plates. A guide slider matching the guide groove is provided on the moving block. An impact component facing the vibration diffuser is connected to the moving block. A second spring is connected between the moving block and the side strip plate.

[0011] As a further feature of the above solution, the moving block is provided with a U-shaped groove that matches the outer circular surface of the rotating cylinder, and the guide slider is disposed in the U-shaped groove.

[0012] As a further provision of the above scheme, the impact component includes two impact rods connected to the moving block, and an impact plate is connected between the ends of the two impact rods.

[0013] As a further provision of the above scheme, one end of the rotating cylinder is provided with a connecting shaft connected to the guide wheel axle, and the other end of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the bearing seat on the lower surface of the ore box.

[0014] As a further provision of the above scheme, the mine car frame includes a traction base, and a mine car wheel that interacts with the mine car track is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the traction base. A traction unit is provided at one end of the traction base.

[0015] In the process of transporting materials such as coal, ore, and waste rock, the railcar disclosed in this invention moves along the railcar track under the traction of an internal combustion locomotive. When the railcar is about to reach the unloading position, the guide wheel, which was originally suspended on one side of the ore box, will first contact the lower end of the side tilting guide plate. Then, as the railcar continues to move, the action between the guide wheel and the side tilting guide plate will cause the entire ore box to tilt and overturn around the rotating connection with the ore car frame. During the tilting and overturning process, the hook part of the ore box is rotated upward relative to the rotating connection with the ore box due to the action of the top wheel, thereby automatically releasing the locking action between the hook part and the locking shaft. Finally, the opening and closing door will open the unloading port under the pressure of the internal cargo and its own gravity, completing the unloading process.

[0016] In addition, while the guide wheel and the side-tilting guide plate are in action, the guide wheel will drive the impact shaking mechanism in the impact shaking mechanism to rotate. At the same time, due to the interaction between the guide slider and the guide groove, the moving block will move away from the vibration diffuser and stretch the second spring to store potential energy. Once the guide slider moves to the axial straight section in the guide groove, the elastic potential energy of the second spring will be released instantly, causing the impact component to move towards the vibration diffuser and impact it. After being impacted, the vibration diffuser will immediately cause the ore box to vibrate. When the ore box vibrates at high frequency, it can shake off the goods stuck in the ore box.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The rail-mounted mine car disclosed in this invention rotatably connects one end of the ore box to the mine car frame. Through the action between the guide wheel on the ore box and the side-tilting guide plate at the unloading position, when the rail-mounted mine car moves to the unloading position, the ore box will automatically tilt and tip around the rotatable connection. During the tilting and tipping process, the top wheel will act on the hook component to rotate it, thereby releasing the hook component from the restriction of the locking shaft. This allows the unloading port of the ore box to open automatically, completing the unloading process. The entire rail-mounted mine car has a simple and ingenious structural design. It eliminates the need for a guide block on the side of the unloading port to release the opening and closing restriction, thus preventing the unloaded material from falling on the guide block. This ensures that all rail-mounted mine cars can stably open the unloading port when passing the unloading position, thereby completing the automatic unloading process.

[0019] The present invention further includes an impact and shaking mechanism connected to a guide wheel at the lower end of the ore box, and a vibration diffuser at the lower end of the ore box subjected to the impact and shaking mechanism. When the rail car moves to the side-tilting guide plate for unloading, the rotation of the guide wheel can drive the power source of the impact and shaking mechanism. As the rail car passes the side-tilting guide plate, the impact and shaking mechanism can repeatedly impact the vibration diffuser. The multiple high-frequency vibrations generated by the ore box can shake off all the material adhering to the inside of the ore box. The entire impact and shaking mechanism has a novel and ingenious structural design. It is linked with the rail car process, ensuring that all the material inside the ore box can be shaken off during the unloading of coal with high moisture content, thus avoiding the situation of adhesion to the inner wall. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention from a first angle;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second-angle three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the unloading process in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the unloading process in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ore box, the impact and shaking mechanism, and the vibration diffusion component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the impact and shaking mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The following will refer to the appendix... Figures 1-7 This application will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments. Example 1

[0030] Example 1 discloses a railcar for rapid unloading, see attached drawing. Figure 1-3 The main body includes a mine car track 1, a mine car frame 2, and a mine box 3. The mine car frame 2 includes a traction base 201, and a corresponding traction part 202 is provided at the front end of the traction base 201. The traction part 202 connects the mine car frame 2 to the car head and to other mine car frames. Two axles 203 are rotatably connected to the lower end of the traction base 201, and mine car wheels 204 are provided at the ends of the two axles 203, so that the two sets of mine car wheels 204 can move stably along the mine car track 1.

[0031] Two rotating seats 205 are provided on one side of the upper surface of the traction base 201, and the line connecting the two rotating seats 205 is parallel to the mine car track 1. Then, the ore box 3 is placed on the traction base 201 between the two rotating seats 205, and a rotating shaft 301 connected to each rotating seat 205 is provided on one side of the lower surface of the ore box 3. Through the connection between the two rotating shafts 301 and the rotating seats 205, one side of the entire ore box 3 is rotatably connected to the traction base 201. At the same time, two pads 302 are provided on the other side of the lower surface of the ore box 3. The pads 302 can horizontally support the entire ore box 3 above the traction base 201.

[0032] A discharge port 303 is provided on one side of the ore box 3 near the line connecting the two rotating seats 205, and the discharge port 303 extends from the top of the ore box 3 to the bottom wall of the ore box 3. Then, an opening and closing door 304 is rotatably connected to the top of the discharge port 303 by a pin. When the ore box 3 is in a horizontal state, the opening and closing door 304 is in a downward vertical state under its own weight and completely closes the discharge port 303.

[0033] A bracket 305 is welded to the outer surface of the ore box 3 on the opposite side of the opening and closing door 304. A guide wheel 306 parallel to the side of the ore box 3 is rotatably connected to the end of the bracket 305. A stand 4 is fixed at the unloading position and is set parallel to the mine car track 1. A side-tilting guide plate 5 that interacts with the guide wheel 306 is welded to the top of the stand 4. The side-tilting guide plate 5 is designed to be high in the middle and low at both ends. The two ends of the side-tilting guide plate 5 are flush with the bottom of the guide wheel 306 on the ore box 3 in the horizontal state. At the same time, the upper surface of the side-tilting guide plate 5 is provided with an inclined slope towards the side of the mine car track 1, so that when the track mine car moves to the position of the side-tilting guide plate 5, the guide wheel 306 can always contact the upper surface of the side-tilting guide plate 5. Then, due to the structural design of the side-tilting guide plate 5, when the track mine car moves past the unloading position, the ore box 3 will tilt and flip to the other side around the pivot 301, thereby achieving the function of unloading. In addition, to prevent the ore box 3 from tipping over completely, a first spring 6 is connected between the bottom of the ore box 3 and the upper surface of the traction base 201. The first spring 6 plays a role in preventing the ore box 3 from tipping over.

[0034] Both ends of the outer side of the opening and closing door 304 are connected to retaining pins 307 extending from their sides. The ore box 3 is rotatably connected to two outer surfaces perpendicular to the opening and closing door 304 with hooks 308. The ends of the hooks 308 engage with the retaining pins 307, preventing the opening and closing door 304 from being opened by the pressure of the goods inside the ore box 3. Meanwhile, triangular plates 206 are welded to the traction base 201. A top wheel 207, which abuts against the hooks 308, is connected to the top of the triangular plate 206. The lower end of the hook 308 that interacts with the top wheel 207 has an arc shape. With the above design, when the ore box 3 is in a horizontal state, the hook 308 can engage the shaft 307, preventing the opening door 304 from being opened under the pressure of the goods inside the ore box 3. When the ore box 3 begins to rotate around the shaft 301, the hook 308 is rotated upward relative to the rotating connection point with the ore box 3 due to the action of the top wheel 207, thereby automatically releasing the engagement between the hook 308 and the shaft 307. Then, the opening door 304 will open the unloading port 303 under the pressure of the internal goods and its own gravity, completing the unloading process. Example 2

[0035] Example 2 discloses a tracked mine car with an improved design based on the technical solution in Example 1. The similarities between it and Example 1 will not be described again.

[0036] Reference Appendix Figure 4-7 In this embodiment 2, an impact and shaking mechanism 7 connected to the guide wheel 306 is provided at the bottom of the ore box 3, and a vibration diffuser 8 that interacts with the impact and shaking mechanism 7 is welded to the bottom of the ore box 3.

[0037] The specific impact and shaking mechanism 7 includes a rotating column 701 disposed between the ore box 3 and the traction base 201. A connecting shaft 702, connected to the inner end of the guide wheel 306 axle, is located at the center of one end face of the rotating column 701. This connecting shaft 702 is connected to the guide wheel 306 axle via a coupling. A bearing seat 703, connected to the other end of the rotating column 701, is disposed on the lower surface of the ore box 3, allowing the rotating column 701 to rotate synchronously during the rotation of the guide wheel 306. Furthermore, to enhance the friction between the guide wheel 306 and the upper surface of the tilting guide plate 5 and prevent relative sliding between them, a rubber layer is also applied to the outer circumference of the guide wheel 306.

[0038] Side strips 704, distributed on both sides of the rotating cylinder 701, are welded to the lower surface of the ore box 3, and are arranged parallel to the central axis of the rotating cylinder 701. Two parallel, strip-shaped openings are formed on the two side strips 704, arranged along the central axis of the rotating cylinder 701. A movable block 705 is provided below the rotating cylinder 701. The upper end of the movable block 705 has a U-shaped slot that matches the outer surface of the rotating cylinder 701. Protrusions 706 extending into the strip-shaped openings are connected to both sides of the movable block 705.

[0039] A guide groove 707 is provided on the outer circular surface of the rotating cylinder 701. The guide groove 707 is formed by connecting the spiral section 7071 and the axial straight section 7072 end to end. At the same time, a guide slider 708 matching the guide groove 707 is provided in the U-shaped slot on the moving block 705. During the rotation of the rotating cylinder 701, due to the guiding effect between the guide slider 708 and the guide groove 707, and the limiting effect between the protrusion 706 and the strip opening, the moving block 705 moves along the central axis of the rotating cylinder 701.

[0040] Two impact rods 709 are fixedly connected to the movable block 705 and are positioned toward the vibration diffuser 8. The two impact rods 709 are distributed on both sides of the movable block 705. Guide holes matching the impact rods 709 are also provided on the side strip plate 704. A second spring 710 is connected between the movable block 705 and the side strip plate 704. Finally, impact plates 711 that act toward the vibration diffuser 8 are connected to the ends of the two impact rods 709.

[0041] When the track mine car disclosed in this embodiment 2 moves to the unloading position, the guide wheel 306 on the mine box 3 will roll into the upper surface of the side tilting guide plate 5. Then, as the track mine car continues to move, the mine box 3 will tilt and flip towards the unloading port 303, and the opening and closing door 304 will be automatically opened. Simultaneously, as the guide wheel 306 travels along the upper surface of the side-tilting guide plate 5, the rotating column 701 rotates synchronously. During the rotation of the rotating column 701, the action between the guide slider 708 and the guide groove 707 causes the moving block 705 to move away from the vibration diffuser 8 and stretches the second spring 710 to store potential energy. Once the guide slider 708 moves to the axial straight section 7072 in the guide groove 707, the elastic potential energy of the second spring 710 is released instantaneously, causing the impact rod 709 and the impact plate 711 to move towards the vibration diffuser 8 and impact it. After being impacted, the vibration diffuser 8 will immediately cause the ore box 3 to vibrate. When the ore box 3 vibrates at high frequency, it can shake off the goods stuck together in the ore box 3. The entire unloading process of the railcar will involve multiple impacts, and through these multiple impacts, all the goods with high viscosity that are stuck together inside the ore box 3 can be shaken off.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid unloading rail-mounted mine car, comprising a mine car frame and a ore box, wherein the mine car frame is movably disposed along a mine car track, the lower end of one side of the ore box parallel to the mine car track is rotatably connected to the mine car frame, and a pad is provided on the lower end of the other side of the ore box to horizontally support the ore box above the mine car frame; a first spring is connected between the lower surfaces of the mine car frame and the ore box, characterized in that, The ore box has a loading port on the side near the rotatable connection position with the mine car frame, and an opening and closing door is rotatably connected to the upper end of the loading port. A bracket is connected to the side of the ore box away from the rotatable connection position with the mine car frame, and a guide wheel is connected to the end of the bracket. A vertical frame is fixed at the loading position of the mine car track. The vertical frame is set parallel to the mine car track, and a side-tilting guide plate that interacts with the guide wheel is connected to the top of the vertical frame. The side-tilting guide plate is set in a shape that is high in the middle and low at both ends, and the two ends of the side-tilting guide plate are flush with the bottom of the guide wheel on the ore box in the horizontal state. The opening and closing door is connected to a retaining pin extending from the side. The ore box is rotatably connected to a hook that interacts with the retaining pin on the side perpendicular to the opening and closing door. A triangular plate is welded onto the ore car frame, and a top wheel that abuts against the hook is connected to the top of the triangular plate. The bottom of the ore box is equipped with an impact and shaking mechanism driven by guide wheels, and a vibration diffuser that interacts with the impact and shaking mechanism is welded to the bottom of the ore box. The impact and shaking mechanism includes a rotating cylinder connected to a guide wheel. The outer surface of the rotating cylinder has a guide groove consisting of a spiral segment and an axial straight segment connected end to end. Side strips are fixed to the bottom of the ore box on both sides of the rotating cylinder. The side strips have strip-shaped openings parallel to the axis of the rotating cylinder. A moving block is provided between the two side strips. The moving block is provided with a guide slider that matches the guide groove. An impact component facing the vibration diffuser is connected to the moving block. A second spring is connected between the moving block and the side strip.

2. The railcar for rapid unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the tilting guide plate is provided with an inclined slope toward the mine car track, and the outer circle of the guide wheel is covered with a rubber layer to increase the friction between the guide plate and the tilting guide plate.

3. The rapid unloading railcar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable block has a U-shaped groove that matches the outer circular surface of the rotating cylinder, and the guide slider is disposed in the U-shaped groove.

4. The rapid unloading railcar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact assembly includes two impact rods connected to the moving block, with an impact plate connected between the ends of the two impact rods.

5. The railcar for rapid unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the rotating cylinder is provided with a connecting shaft that is connected to the guide wheel axle, and the other end of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the bearing seat on the lower surface of the ore box.

6. The rapid unloading railcar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mine car frame includes a traction base, and a mine car wheel that interacts with the mine car track is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the traction base. A traction unit is provided at one end of the traction base.

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