Perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluorides and processes for their preparation
By using a supported metal fluoride catalyst in a polar aprotic solvent, the problem of low conversion rate in the preparation of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers was solved, achieving high yield and high efficiency in the preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride and simplifying the separation process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGHAO CHENGUANG RES INST OF CHEMICALINDUSTRY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the oligomerization conversion rate of acyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide in the preparation process of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers is low, which is difficult to meet the needs of industrial production, and the need to add phase transfer catalysts makes subsequent separation and purification difficult.
A metal fluoride catalyst supported on a support agent is used to catalyze the reaction of acyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide in a polar aprotic solvent. The supporting agent's loading properties are used to fix the metal ions, increase the oligomerization activity, and avoid the use of phase transfer catalysts.
A high yield and efficient preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride were achieved, simplifying the separation process and improving reaction efficiency.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of fine chemical technology, and in particular to a perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Fluoropolymers, due to their superior chemical stability, thermal stability, electrical insulation, and other properties, have been widely used in transportation, communications, petrochemicals, aerospace, and other fields. Among them, perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers, as important monomers in the production of fluorinated polymers, can effectively improve the low- and high-temperature resistance, solvent resistance, tear resistance, and adhesion to substrates of fluorinated polymers, without altering the original polymer's corrosion resistance and aging resistance, thus greatly expanding the application range of fluorinated materials.
[0003] In recent years, the preparation of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers has attracted keen attention from researchers. The most common method involves the oligomerization of acyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO) to obtain perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride, which is then cleaved to yield perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers. The oligomerization of acyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide to prepare perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride is the key step determining the reaction conversion rate.
[0004] Take perfluoromethyl vinyl ether as an example. US Patent 3114778 uses a carbonyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide to react under the catalysis of activated carbon to obtain perfluoro-2-methylpropionyl fluoride, which is then subjected to a cracking reaction in a dry potassium carbonate bed at 300°C to obtain the target product, perfluoromethyl vinyl ether. This patent also attempted to use cesium fluoride as a catalyst to catalyze the oligomerization reaction of carbonyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide, followed by cracking to obtain the target product. However, the product conversion rates in the oligomerization step of this patent are relatively low (30-50%), which is not conducive to industrial production. Therefore, improving the conversion rate of the oligomerization reaction between carbonyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide is of great significance.
[0005] According to literature review, the oligomerization mechanism of acyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide under the catalysis of metal fluorides is as follows: fluoride ions in the metal fluoride attack the carbonyl group of the acyl fluoride to form a fluorinated alkoxide anion, which then attacks the hexafluoropropylene oxide, completing the oligomerization reaction. In this process, the reactivity of the fluoride ion greatly influences the occurrence of the oligomerization reaction.
[0006]
[0007] Patent CN106146294A discloses a method for producing perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride. In the presence of a polar aprotic solvent, and under the action of an alkali metal fluoride as the main catalyst and a phase transfer catalyst, carbonyl fluoride reacts with hexafluoropropylene oxide to produce perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride. While this method can achieve relatively high yields, it requires the addition of a phase transfer catalyst, which is detrimental to subsequent separation and purification. Furthermore, the reaction time is long and the catalyst dosage is high.
[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved method for preparing perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride and its preparation method. By utilizing the loading properties of the support agent, the metal ions in the metal fluoride are fixed, which facilitates the release of fluoride ions and increases the oligomerization reaction activity. Perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride can be prepared in a high yield and with high efficiency without the addition of a phase transfer catalyst.
[0010] To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a method for preparing perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride, comprising the following steps: in the presence of a polar aprotic solvent, a metal fluoride supported on a support agent is used to catalyze the reaction of acyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide to obtain perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride.
[0011] Loading metal fluorides onto a support agent has the following main effects: utilizing the loading properties of the support agent to fix the metal ions in the metal fluoride, which facilitates the release of fluoride ions, increases the catalytic activity, and thus improves the reaction efficiency and yield; moreover, the support agent is a solid particle, which is easy to separate and recover.
[0012] Furthermore, the supporting agent is a metal oxide, carbon, molecular sieve, or organic material. Preferably, the metal oxide supporting agent is selected from one or more of copper oxide, manganese oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, vanadium pentoxide, tungsten trioxide, and tin oxide.
[0013] Preferably, the carbon support agent is selected from one or more of activated carbon, graphene X-type, and graphene Y-type. The molecular sieve support agent is selected from... One or more of SBA-15 and MCM-41. The organic material support agent is selected from one or more of polystyrene, divinylbenzene copolymer, polysulfone, polyaromatic ester, polyvinylpyridine, and polychloromethylstyrene.
[0014] The loading agent is preferably one or more of silicon dioxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, vanadium pentoxide, tungsten trioxide, and tin oxide.
[0015] More preferably, the supporting agent is SiO2, and the preparation method of the metal fluoride supported on SiO2 includes: dissolving the metal fluoride in water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, reacting for 1-15 hours, and then collecting the solid product to obtain the metal fluoride supported on SiO2. The metal fluoride is usually alkaline and can catalyze the hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate to form a three-dimensional network structure of SiO2. Simultaneously, the metal fluoride is supported within this network structure, resulting in a metal fluoride supported on SiO2 with a large specific surface area, numerous active sites, and good catalytic performance.
[0016] Furthermore, the molar ratio of the loading agent to the metal fluoride is 1 to 50:1, preferably 1 to 20:1.
[0017] Furthermore, the molar ratio of the metal fluoride to the acyl fluoride is 0.01 to 10:1, preferably 0.05 to 2:1.
[0018] Furthermore, the molar ratio of hexafluoropropylene oxide to acyl fluoride is 0.5 to 5:1, preferably 0.5 to 0.9:1.
[0019] Furthermore, the volume-to-mass ratio of the polar aprotic solvent to the acyl fluoride is 0.1–20 mL:1 g, preferably 0.5–5 mL:1 g.
[0020] Furthermore, the reaction temperature is -25 to 45°C, preferably -10 to 25°C.
[0021] And / or, the feeding rate of the hexafluoropropylene oxide is 10-1000 g / h, preferably 100-1000 g / h.
[0022] Furthermore, the metal fluoride catalyst is selected from one or more of alkali metal fluorides and alkaline earth metal fluorides.
[0023] The alkali metal fluoride is preferably one or more of cesium fluoride, potassium fluoride, and lithium fluoride; the alkaline earth metal is preferably one or more of beryllium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, calcium fluoride, strontium fluoride, and barium fluoride.
[0024] Furthermore, the acyl fluoride is selected from perfluoroalkyl acyl fluorides, preferably carbonyl fluorides.
[0025] Furthermore, the polar aprotic solvent is selected from one or more of nitrile solvents and polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether solvents.
[0026] The nitrile solvent is preferably acetonitrile and / or phenylacetonitrile.
[0027] The polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether solvent is preferably one or more of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
[0028] Furthermore, the preparation method of perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride includes the following steps:
[0029] Metal fluorides loaded on SiO2 were added to a polar aprotic solvent, purged with nitrogen, and then evacuated (i.e., all gases in the reactor were removed before carbonyl fluoride was introduced). The temperature was maintained at 20–30 °C, and the mixture was stirred for 20–40 min. The temperature was then lowered to -5 °C to 10 °C, and carbonyl fluoride was introduced to react for 1–3 h. Hexafluoropropylene oxide was continuously introduced at a rate of 100–1000 g / h. After the introduction was completed, the reaction was continued for 1–3 h, and perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride was collected.
[0030] The present invention also provides a perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride, obtained by any of the preparation methods described above.
[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0032] The present invention provides a method for preparing perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride, which involves using a metal fluoride catalyst pre-supported on a supporting agent in the presence of a polar aprotic solvent to catalyze the high-conversion reaction of acyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide to prepare perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride. By utilizing the supporting agent's loading properties to immobilize the metal ions in the metal fluoride, facilitating the release of fluoride ions and increasing the oligomerization reaction activity, a high-yield and high-efficiency preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride can be achieved without the addition of a phase transfer catalyst. Detailed Implementation
[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0034] Example 1
[0035] Dissolve 176 g (3.03 mol) of potassium fluoride in 2000 mL of water. Then slowly add 3156 g (15.15 mol) of tetraethyl orthosilicate and stir vigorously at room temperature for 12 h. Remove the solvent by vacuum distillation and dry the collected supported catalyst KF / SiO2 at 150 °C for 1 h for later use.
[0036] Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, a polar aprotic solvent, was distilled and then added to a molecular sieve. The resulting product was dried and stored. The prepared supported catalyst KF / SiO2 was dissolved in 2000 mL of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and added to a 10 L stainless steel high-pressure reactor. After nitrogen purging, a vacuum was created (i.e., all gases in the reactor were expelled before introducing carbonyl fluoride). Stirring was started, and the temperature was maintained at 25 °C for approximately 30 min. The temperature was lowered to 1 °C–5 °C, and 2 kg of carbonyl fluoride (30.3 mol) was slowly introduced. After the introduction was complete, the temperature was maintained, and the reaction continued for 2 h. While maintaining the temperature, 4 kg of hexafluoropropylene oxide (24.2 mol, 0.8 eq) was continuously introduced at a rate of 500 g / h. After the introduction was complete, the reaction continued for 2 h. After the reaction was complete, 4.82 kg of perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride was collected and analyzed by GC-MS (the same method is used in the following examples and will not be repeated). The yield was calculated to be 86% and the purity was ≥99%.
[0037] The yield of this invention is the ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield. For example, in Example 1, carbonyl fluoride was in excess, so the theoretical yield was calculated based on 24.2 mol of hexafluoropropylene oxide, which should theoretically yield 24.2 mol (5.615 kg) of perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride. The actual yield was 4.82 kg, resulting in a calculated yield of 86%.
[0038] In Example 1, the molar ratio of potassium fluoride to carbonyl fluoride was 1:10, and the reaction time after introducing hexafluoropropylene oxide was only 2 hours, with a yield of over 85%.
[0039] Example 2
[0040] Dissolve 352 g (6.06 mol) of potassium fluoride in 1000 mL of water. Then slowly add 3156 g (15.15 mol) of tetraethyl orthosilicate and stir vigorously at room temperature for 12 h. Remove the solvent by vacuum distillation and dry the collected supported catalyst KF / SiO2 at 150 °C for 1 h for later use.
[0041] Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, a polar aprotic solvent, was distilled and then added to a molecular sieve. The resulting product was dried and stored. The newly prepared supported catalyst KF / SiO2 was dissolved in 2000 mL of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and added to a 10 L stainless steel high-pressure reactor. Nitrogen was used to purge the reactor, and a vacuum was created. Stirring was started, and the temperature was maintained at 25 °C for approximately 30 min. The temperature was lowered to 1 °C–10 °C, and 2 kg of carbonyl fluoride (30.3 mol) was slowly introduced. After the introduction was complete, the temperature was maintained, and the reaction continued for 2 h. While maintaining the temperature, 4 kg of hexafluoropropylene oxide (24.2 mol, 0.8 eq) was continuously introduced at a rate of 500 g / h. After the introduction was complete, the reaction continued for 2 h. Once the reaction was complete, 4.76 kg of perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride was collected (yield 85%, purity ≥99%).
[0042] Example 3
[0043] Dissolve 176 g (3.03 mol) of potassium fluoride in 2000 mL of water. Then slowly add 3156 g (15.15 mol) of tetraethyl orthosilicate and stir vigorously at room temperature for 12 h. Remove the solvent by vacuum distillation and dry the collected supported catalyst KF / SiO2 at 150 °C for 1 h for later use.
[0044] The polar aprotic solvent tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether was distilled and then added to a molecular sieve, dried, and stored. The newly prepared supported catalyst KF / SiO2 was dissolved in 2000 mL of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether and added to a 10 L stainless steel high-pressure reactor. Nitrogen was used to purge the reactor, and a vacuum was created. Stirring was started, and the temperature was maintained at 25 °C for approximately 30 min. The temperature was lowered to 1 °C–10 °C, and 2 kg of carbonyl fluoride (30.3 mol) was slowly introduced. After the introduction was complete, the temperature was maintained, and the reaction continued for 2 h. While maintaining the temperature, 4 kg of hexafluoropropylene oxide (24.2 mol, 0.8 eq) was continuously introduced at a rate of 500 g / h. After the introduction was complete, the reaction continued for 2 h. Once the reaction was complete, 4.48 kg of perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride was collected (yield 80%, purity ≥99%).
[0045] Example 4
[0046] Dissolve 176 g (3.03 mol) of potassium fluoride in 2000 ml of water. Then slowly add 3156 g (15.15 mol) of tetraethyl orthosilicate and stir vigorously at room temperature for 12 h. Remove the solvent by vacuum distillation and dry the collected supported catalyst KF / SiO2 at 150 °C for 1 h for later use.
[0047] Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, a polar aprotic solvent, was distilled and then added to a molecular sieve. The resulting product was dried and stored. The newly prepared supported catalyst KF / SiO2 was dissolved in 4000 mL of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and added to a 10 L stainless steel high-pressure reactor. Nitrogen was used to purge the reactor, and a vacuum was created. Stirring was started, and the temperature was maintained at 25 °C for approximately 30 min. The temperature was lowered to 5 °C–10 °C, and 2 kg of carbonyl fluoride (30.3 mol) was slowly introduced. After the introduction was complete, the temperature was maintained, and the reaction continued for 2 h. While maintaining the temperature, 4 kg of hexafluoropropylene oxide (24.2 mol, 0.8 eq) was continuously introduced at a rate of 500 g / h. After the introduction was complete, the reaction continued for 2 h. Once the reaction was complete, 4.53 kg of perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride was collected (yield 81%, purity ≥99%).
[0048] Example 5
[0049] Dissolve 176 g (3.03 mol) of potassium fluoride in 2000 mL of water. Then slowly add 3156 g (15.15 mol) of tetraethyl orthosilicate and stir vigorously at room temperature for 12 h. Remove the solvent by vacuum distillation and dry the collected supported catalyst KF / SiO2 at 150 °C for 1 h for later use.
[0050] Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, a polar aprotic solvent, was distilled and then added to a molecular sieve. The resulting product was dried and stored. The newly prepared supported catalyst KF / SiO2 was dissolved in 1000 mL of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and added to a 10 L stainless steel high-pressure reactor. Nitrogen was used to purge the reactor, and a vacuum was created. Stirring was started, and the temperature was maintained at 25 °C for approximately 30 min. The temperature was lowered to 5 °C–10 °C, and 2 kg of carbonyl fluoride (30.3 mol) was slowly introduced. After the introduction was complete, the temperature was maintained, and the reaction continued for 2 h. While maintaining the temperature, 4 kg of hexafluoropropylene oxide (24.2 mol, 0.8 eq) was continuously introduced at a rate of 500 g / h. After the introduction was complete, the reaction continued for 2 h. Once the reaction was complete, 4.31 kg of perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride was collected (yield 77%, purity ≥99%).
[0051] Example 6
[0052] Dissolve 176 g (3.03 mol) of potassium fluoride in 2000 mL of water. Then slowly add 3156 g (15.15 mol) of tetraethyl orthosilicate and stir vigorously at room temperature for 12 h. Remove the solvent by vacuum distillation and dry the collected supported catalyst KF / SiO2 at 150 °C for 1 h for later use.
[0053] Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, a polar aprotic solvent, was distilled and then added to a molecular sieve. The resulting product was dried and stored. The newly prepared supported catalyst KF / SiO2 was dissolved in 2000 mL of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and added to a 10 L stainless steel high-pressure reactor. Nitrogen was used to purge the reactor, and a vacuum was created. Stirring was started, and the temperature was maintained at 25 °C for approximately 30 min. The temperature was lowered to -5 °C to 0 °C, and 2 kg of carbonyl fluoride (30.3 mol) was slowly introduced. After the introduction was complete, the temperature was maintained, and the reaction continued for 2 h. While maintaining the temperature, 4 kg of hexafluoropropylene oxide (24.2 mol, 0.8 eq) was continuously introduced at a rate of 500 g / h. After the introduction was complete, the reaction continued for 2 h. Once the reaction was complete, 4.65 kg of perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride was collected (yield 83%, purity ≥99%).
[0054] Example 7
[0055] Dissolve 460 g (3.03 mol) of cesium fluoride in 2000 mL of water. Then slowly add 3156 g (15.15 mol) of tetraethyl orthosilicate and stir vigorously at room temperature for 12 h. Remove the solvent by vacuum distillation and dry the collected supported catalyst CsF / SiO2 at 150 °C for 1 h for later use.
[0056] Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, a polar aprotic solvent, was distilled and then added to a molecular sieve. The resulting product was dried and stored. The newly prepared supported catalyst CsF / SiO2 was dissolved in 2000 mL of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and added to a 10 L stainless steel high-pressure reactor. Nitrogen was used to purge the reactor, and a vacuum was created. Stirring was started, and the temperature was maintained at 25 °C for approximately 30 min. The temperature was lowered to 5 °C–10 °C, and 2 kg of carbonyl fluoride (30.3 mol) was slowly introduced. After the introduction was complete, the temperature was maintained, and the reaction continued for 2 h. While maintaining the temperature, 4 kg of hexafluoropropylene oxide (24.2 mol, 0.8 eq) was continuously introduced at a rate of 300 g / h. After the introduction was complete, the reaction continued for 2 h. Once the reaction was complete, 4.89 kg of perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride was collected (yield 87%, purity ≥99%).
[0057] Example 8
[0058] Dissolve 460 g (3.03 mol) of cesium fluoride in 2000 mL of water. Then slowly add 3156 g (15.15 mol) of tetraethyl orthosilicate and stir vigorously at room temperature for 12 h. Remove the solvent by vacuum distillation and dry the collected supported catalyst CsF / SiO2 at 150 °C for 1 h for later use.
[0059] Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, a polar aprotic solvent, was distilled and then added to a molecular sieve. The resulting product was dried and stored. The newly prepared supported catalyst CsF / SiO2 was dissolved in 2000 mL of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and added to a 10 L stainless steel high-pressure reactor. Nitrogen was used to purge the reactor, and a vacuum was created. Stirring was started, and the temperature was maintained at 25 °C for approximately 30 min. The temperature was lowered to 5 °C–10 °C, and 2 kg of carbonyl fluoride (30.3 mol) was slowly introduced. After the introduction was complete, the temperature was maintained, and the reaction continued for 2 h. While maintaining the temperature, 3 kg of hexafluoropropylene oxide (18.2 mol, 0.6 eq) was continuously introduced at a rate of 300 g / h. After the introduction was complete, the reaction continued for 2 h. Once the reaction was complete, 3.72 kg of perfluoro-2-methoxypropionyl fluoride was collected (yield 88%, purity ≥99%).
[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A process for the preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: In the presence of a polar aprotic solvent, a metal fluoride supported on a support agent is used to catalyze the reaction of acyl fluoride and hexafluoropropylene oxide to obtain perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride; the molar ratio of hexafluoropropylene oxide to acyl fluoride is 0.5~0.9:
1. The loading agent is SiO2. The preparation method of the metal fluoride loaded on SiO2 includes: dissolving the metal fluoride in water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, reacting for 1-15 hours, and then collecting the solid product to obtain the metal fluoride loaded on SiO2. The metal fluoride is selected from one or more of alkali metal fluorides and alkaline earth metal fluorides; The alkali metal fluoride is one or more of cesium fluoride, potassium fluoride, and lithium fluoride; the alkaline earth metal fluoride is one or more of beryllium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, calcium fluoride, strontium fluoride, and barium fluoride.
2. The process for the preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxypropanoyl fluorides according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the loading agent to the metal fluoride is 1~50:
1.
3. The process for the preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxylpropionyl fluoride according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the loading agent to the metal fluoride is 1~20:
1.
4. The process for the preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxypropanoyl fluorides according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the metal fluoride to the acyl fluoride is 0.01 to 10:1; And / or, the volume-to-mass ratio of the polar aprotic solvent to the acyl fluoride is 0.1~20 mL: 1 g.
5. The process for the preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxylpropionyl fluoride according to claim 4, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the metal fluoride to the acyl fluoride is 0.05 to 2:
1.
6. The process for the preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxylpropionyl fluoride according to claim 4, characterized in that, The volume-to-mass ratio of the polar aprotic solvent to the acyl fluoride is 0.5~5 mL: 1 g.
7. The process for the preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxypropanoyl fluorides according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The reaction temperature is -25~45℃; And / or, the feeding rate of the hexafluoropropylene oxide is 10~1000 g / h.
8. The process for the preparation of perfluoro-2-alkoxypropanoyl fluorides according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reaction temperature is -10~25℃.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the perfluoro-2-alkoxypropanoyl fluoride is prepared by the reaction of a perfluoro-2-alkoxypropanol with phosphorus pentachloride. The feeding rate of the hexafluoropropylene oxide is 100~1000 g / h.
10. The method for preparing perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The acyl fluoride is selected from perfluoroalkyl acyl fluorides.
11. The method for preparing perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride according to claim 10, characterized in that, The acyl fluoride is a carbonyl fluoride.
12. The method for preparing perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The polar aprotic solvent is selected from one or more of nitrile solvents and polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether solvents.
13. The method for preparing perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride according to claim 12, characterized in that, The nitrile solvent is acetonitrile and / or phenylacetonitrile.
14. The method for preparing perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride according to claim 12, characterized in that, The polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether solvent is one or more of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
15. The method for preparing perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Metal fluorides loaded on SiO2 were added to a polar aprotic solvent, purged with nitrogen, and then evacuated. The temperature was maintained at 20-30℃ and stirred for 20-40 min. The temperature was then lowered to 0℃-10℃, and carbonyl fluoride was introduced to react for 1-3 h. Hexafluoropropylene oxide was continuously introduced at a rate of 100-1000 g / h. After the introduction was completed, the reaction was continued for 1-3 h, and perfluoro-2-alkoxypropionyl fluoride was collected.